Prognosis In Women Research Articles

A Retrospective Study on the Gender Differences in Clinical Manifestations of Bell's Palsy.

Although many studies have assessed the clinical features and the factors affecting treatment outcomes of Bell's palsy, few have analysed differences between men and women. This study therefore evaluated whether the clinical features and treatment results, and the factors affecting them, differ between men and women with Bell's palsy. This retrospective study included 1708 patients (791 men and 917 women) who presented with facial palsy to the otolaryngology department between January 1986 and December 2022. Clinical features and treatment outcomes were compared in men and women diagnosed with Bell's palsy. Age distribution, side affected by facial palsy, House-Brackmann (HB) Grade, underlying disease such as diabetes and hypertension, electroneuronography (ENoG) results, electromyography (EMG) results, and treatment methods did not differ significantly between men and women with Bell's palsy (p > 0.05 each). Factors significantly associated with better prognosis in men included milder initial facial palsy and better electromyography (EMG) results (p < 0.05). Factors significantly associated with better prognosis in women included younger age, milder initial facial palsy, and better EMG results (p < 0.05). Women had significantly better prognosis than men when treated with steroids within 3 days of the onset of paralysis (p < 0.05). Milder initial facial palsy and better EMG results were associated with better prognosis in both men and women with Bell's palsy. Younger age at onset and early stage treatment with steroids were associated with a higher recovery rate in women, but not in men.

Influence of Body Composition Assessed by Computed Tomography on Mortality Risk in Young Women with Breast Cancer.

Background/Objectives: Increasing evidence indicates that body composition can significantly influence prognosis in women with breast cancer. However, alterations in body composition, particularly among young women (<40 years), remain largely unknown and underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of computed tomography (CT)-derived body composition with mortality rates among young women recently diagnosed with breast cancer, identifying the best-correlated cutoff value. Methods: This is a bi-set cohort study with retrospective data collection. Women newly diagnosed with ductal invasive breast cancer, aged 20 to 40 years, treated in reference oncology units were included. Body composition was assessed using CT scans at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) level, including muscle and adipose compartments. The outcome of interest was the incidence of overall mortality. A maximally selected log-rank Cox-derived analysis was employed to assess the cutoffs associated with mortality. Results: A total of 192 women were included before any form of treatment (median age of 35 years, IQ range: 31-37). Overall mortality occurred in 12% of the females. Stages III-IV were the most frequent (69.5%). Patients who died had a significantly lower muscle area index. CT-derived muscle area was inversely associated with mortality. Each 1 cm2/m2 decrease in skeletal muscle index increased the mortality hazard by 9%. Higher values of adiposity compartments were independently associated with higher mortality. Conclusions: Our study highlights the predictive significance of skeletal muscle area and adipose tissue in predicting survival among young women recently diagnosed with breast cancer.

Sex-related differences in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A Portuguese multicenter national registry analysis

Introduction and objectivesSex differences among patients with acute myocardial infarctions remain a matter of debate. Inequalities in presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are frequently observed, contributing to a worse prognosis in women. The aim of this study was to investigate sex-related differences in Portuguese ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. MethodsThe authors conducted a retrospective analysis of STEMI patients included in the Portuguese Registry on Acute Coronary Syndromes, between October 2010 and 2022. The two co-primary endpoints were in-hospital and one-year mortality. ResultsA total of 14470 STEMI patients were studied. Women were underrepresented with 3721 individuals (25.7%). They were significantly older (70 vs. 62 years, p<0.001), with higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, and underwent less frequently coronary angiography (84.4% vs. 88.5%, p<0.001) and guideline-directed medical therapy (e.g., aspirin 92.5% vs. 95.4%, beta blockers 79.2% vs. 83%, p<0.001). Furthermore, they experienced more complications, such as congestive heart failure (23.4% vs. 14.6%), ischemic stroke (47% vs. 40%), and in-hospital mortality (8.5% vs. 4.1%) (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Similarly, they presented higher one-year mortality (11.5% vs. 6.3%, p<0.001). However, after a multivariate analysis testing significant clinical variables, female sex remained an independent predictor for in-hospital (odds ratio=1.633; 95% CI [1.065–2.504]; p=0.025), but not for one-year mortality. ConclusionsThis analysis reveals sex-related disparities in Portuguese STEMI patients. Despite limitations inherent to registry-based analysis, women were significantly older, with increased cardiovascular risk, less treated, and with higher in-hospital mortality. These disparities should be a concern for clinicians to further improve outcomes and move toward equitable medical care.

Tall women with breast cancer have poorer survival than short women.

Tall women are more likely to develop breast cancer (BC). High Mobility Group AT-Hook 1(HMGA1), an oncofetal protein, plays a role in the progression of breast cancer. Non-coding sequences proximal to HMGA1 contain variants associated with 4.83 cm taller height. In the current study, we used UK Biobank data to examine the relationship of HMGA1 to height, risk, and prognosis of women with breast cancer. Our analysis included all subjects with invasive BC that occurred either before or after participant enrollment and were recorded in the UK Biobank database using self-reported data and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10, ICD9). We divided the subjects into three previously described three height groups: Short (< 155 cm), Medium (155 cm to 175 cm), Tall (> 175 cm). We analyzed the HMGA1 SNP rs41269028, a single nucleotide intron variant, C > T, minor allele frequency 0.044. SNP rs41269028 was previously evaluated in subjects with diabetes. Height of 9583 women with BC homozygous for the HMGA1 SNP rs41269028 major allele was 162.29 cm ± 6.18. Height of 944 women with BC who were carriers or homozygotes (CT + TT) of the minor allele T was 162.88 cm ± 6.001. This difference was significant (p = 0.005). The effect of height group on survival was significant (p = 0.032, log rank test). Tall women had the poorest survival. The effect of HMGA1 SNP rs41269028 genotype on BC risk (p = 0.602) and survival (p = 0.439, log rank test) was insignificant. We conclude that HMGA1 influences height, but we were unable to demonstrate that HMGA1 is related to increased incidence or poor prognosis of tall women with breast cancer. We did find that tall women with breast cancer have poorer survival than short women. Our finding that tall women have a worse prognosis is important because it could help the oncologist decide, along with other prognostic factors, whether adjuvant therapy is warranted.

Melatonin Level and Activity of Nucleolar Organizer Regions in the Prognosis of Infertility in Women with Ovarian Endometriosis

Introduction. Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease, affecting about 10 % of women of reproductive age. The purpose of the work is predicting the development of infertility in women with ovarian endometriosis by determining urine melatonin levels and activity indicators of nucleolar organizer regions in endometrioid ovarian heterotopias.Materials and methods. In the Clinic of South Ural State Medical University from 2018 to 2020, 2 groups of women with ovarian endometriosis were studied: group 1 — with infertility (n = 22); group 2 — without it (n = 27). The level of urinary 6-SMT and the activity of ribosomal synthesis were determined.Results. The level of 6-SMT is reduced in patients with stage I ovarian endometriosis. At stagesII and III, the level of 6-SMTis lower in women with infertility than without it: Stage II — (38.82±1.49) ng/ml and (93.04±3.64) ng/ml (p &lt; 0.001); Stage III — (42.84±1.85) ng/ml and (58.06±1.65) ng/ml (p = 0.340). The activity of ribosomal synthesis in epithelial cells of endometrioid heterotopias increases at stage III. In fibroblasts of the stroma of endometrioid heterotopias, the activity of ribosomal synthesis is higherin women with stage III infertility, and in histiocytes— in women with stage II infertility. A logistic stepwise regression analysis was carried out and the most important predictors influencing the development of infertility were identified.Discussion. The decrease in melatonin in women with ovarian endometriosis, suffering from infertility, as well as in stage I ovarian endometriosis is consistent with the research of M. I. Yarmolinskaya et al. (2019). In the presence of infertility, activation of connective tissue histiocytes begins in the early stages. The results obtained may reflect the immunomodulatory effect of melatonin, which is expressed inincreased functional activity of connective tissue histiocytes and fibroblasts.Conclusion. Using mathematical analysis, the most important indicators that influence the reproductive prognosis in women with ovarian endometriosis (activity of nucleolar organizer regions, urine 6-SMT level) were determined, which makes it possible to create a model for calculating an individual reproductive prognosis.

Thoracic Endometriosis Detected During Medical Thoracoscopy in a Tertiary Care Setting - A Retrospective Observational Study

Background: Thoracic endometriosis is a very rare clinical situation mostly presenting with pleural diseases, that is often misdiagnosed or missed due to the lack of specific clinical features. This report aims to explore the clinical characteristics, thoracoscopic findings, histopathology, treatment, and prognosis of women with thoracic endometriosis, providing a reference for the diagnosis and management of thoracic endometriosis. Design/Methods: Clinical data of 3 patients diagnosed with pleural endometriosis from among 50 consecutive thoracoscopic procedures conducted in a tertiary care hospital in North Kerala were analysed from electronic hospital records. The clinical features, thoracoscopic findings, histopathological features, treatment process, and prognosis were summarized. Results: Among the 3 female patients with pleural endometriosis, there were 2 cases of catamenial pneumothorax and one case of catamenial haemothorax. The age ranged from 43 years to 44 years. All the 3 cases were diagnosed by thoracoscopic pleural biopsy. Conclusions: Thoracic endometriosis syndrome is extremely rare, and clinical diagnosis is always missed or delayed due to nonspecific symptoms. Diagnosis mainly relies on pathological findings and immunohistochemical detection. Most cases were managed conservatively with hormonal therapy or by inducing surgical menopause.

Worse histopathology and prognosis in women with breast cancer diagnosed during the second trimester of pregnancy

Evidence suggests that women with breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy (PrBC) and within 2 years of delivery (PPBC) have similar survival compared to women diagnosed not near pregnancy if adjusted for stage and subtype. To investigate whether this is true for all subtypes and for both pregnancy and post-delivery periods, we examined clinicopathologic features and survival in women with breast cancer by trimesters and 6-month post-delivery intervals. Women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer during 1992-2018 at ages 18-44 years were identified in the Swedish Cancer Register, with information on childbirths from the Swedish Multi-Generation Register and clinical data from Breast Cancer Quality Registers. Each woman with PrBC or PPBC was matched 1 : 2 by age and year to comparators diagnosed with breast cancer not near pregnancy. Distributions of stage, grade, and surrogate subtypes were compared. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer mortality were estimated using Cox regression. We identified 1430 women with PrBC and PPBC (181 during pregnancy, 499 during the first and 750 during the second year after delivery). Compared to 2860 comparators, women with PrBC and PPBC in the first year after delivery had a significantly higher proportion of luminal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive, HER2-positive and triple-negative tumours, and more advanced stage at diagnosis. After adjustment for age, year, parity, country of birth, hospital region, subtype, and stage, women diagnosed during the second trimester had a worse prognosis than matched comparators (HR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0-3.2). Women diagnosed during pregnancy or within the first year after delivery have a worse prognosis than women diagnosed not near pregnancy due to adverse tumour biology and advanced stage at diagnosis. A worse prognosis for women diagnosed during the second trimester remained after multivariable adjustment, possibly reflecting difficulties to provide optimal treatment during ongoing pregnancy.

Long-term trends in incidence, characteristics and prognosis of screen-detected and interval cancers in women participating in the Dutch breast cancerscreening programme.

No studies are available in which changes over time in characteristics and prognosis of patients with interval breast cancers (ICs) and screen-detected breast cancers (SDCs) have been compared. The aim was to study these trends between 1995 and 2018. All women with invasive SDCs (N = 4290) and ICs (N = 1352), diagnosed in a southern mammography screening region in the Netherlands, were included and followed until date of death or 31 December 2022. The 5-year overall survival rate of women with SDCs increased from 91.4% for those diagnosed in 1995-1999 to 95.0% for those diagnosed in 2013-2018 (P < 0.001), and from 74.8 to 91.6% (P < 0.001) in the same periods for those with ICs. A similar trend was observed for the 10-year survival rates. After adjustment for changes in tumour characteristics, the hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival was 0.47 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38-0.59) for women with SDCs diagnosed in the period 2013-2018, compared to the women diagnosed in the period 1995-1999. For the women with ICs this HR was 0.27 (95% CI: 0.19-0.40). The prognosis of women with ICs has improved rapidly since 1995 and is now almost similar to that of women with SDCs.

Gender differences and risk of readmission in hospitalizations with a diagnosis of psychotic spectrum disorders.

Gender differences in psychosis are a topic that has been studied considering different aspects. Although some available evidence would point to a possible better prognosis in women, this claim is far from conclusively established. We propose an analysis of gender differences in the risk of readmission to an acute hospitalization unit, an indicator related to prognosis. We found that although the risk of readmission at 1year is lower in women, this seems to be explained by other confounding factors.

Impact of perioperative red blood cell transfusion on the prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

BackgroundSurgery for advanced ovarian cancer tends to be extensive. We performed an analysis to determine whether perioperative red blood cell transfusion (PRBCT) is associated with a poor prognosis in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). MethodsOur retrospective analysis included 314 women. The Mann-Whitney rank-sum test and chi-square test were used to analyze the clinical characteristics of the PRBCT and non-PRBCT groups, and Cox proportional hazard models were used for the multivariate analysis. ResultsPRBCT was associated with higher relapse and mortality rates in 121 (38.54 %) patients. After multivariate analysis, transfused patients were 1.59 times at risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.59; 95%CI, 1.12–2.25) and 1.63 times at risk of recurrence (HR = 1.63; 95%CI, 1.22–2.18) than non-transfused patients. ConclusionsPRBCT could prolong hospital stay, and increased hospital costs were significantly associated with increased cancer recurrence and overall mortality in patients with EOC.

Effect of Pregnancy towards Prognosisof Women and Babies with COVID-19

Objective: Analyzing the relationship of pregnancy with COVID-19 towards the prognostic profiles in mothers and babies.Method: Observational analytics with cross sectional study approach. Data collection through medical records of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 who were treated at Kebayoran Lama Hospital from October 2020 to September 2021.Results: Chi-square statistical test between among women with COVID-19 on prognostic profiles obtained probability value p-value = 0.001 (p-value &lt; 0.05) and Chi-square statistical test among pregnant women with COVID-19 on prognostic profiles in infants obtained a probability value of 0.0001 (p-value &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Aspects of severity and duration of treatment in cases of pregnancy with COVID-19 are positively related to the prognostic profiles in pregnant women at Kebayoran Lama Hospital. Aspects of COVID-19 exposure in infants, length of treatment, and complication status in cases of pregnancy with COVID-19 are positively related to the prognostic profiles in infants at Kebayoran Lama Hospital.Pengaruh Kehamilan terhadap PrognosisWanita dan Bayi dengan Covid-19AbstrakTujuan: Menganalisis hubungan kehamilan dengan COVID-19 terhadap profil prognosis pada ibu dan bayi.Metode: Analitik observasional dengan pendekatan studi potong lintang. Pengambilan data melalui rekam medis ibu hamil yang terinfeksi COVID-19 yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Kebayoran Lama sejak Oktober 2020 sampai dengan September 2021.Hasil: Uji statistik Chi-square antara ibu hamil dengan COVID-19 terhadap profil prognosis mendapatkan nilai probabilitas p-value = 0,001 (nilai p &lt; 0,05) dan uji statistik Chi-square antara ibu hamil dengan COVID-19 terhadap profil prognosis pada bayi didapatkan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0,0001 (p value &lt; 0,05).Kesimpulan: Aspek derajat keparahan dan lama perawatan dalam kasus kehamilan dengan COVID-19 berhubungan positif terhadap profil prognosis pada ibu hamil di Rumah Sakit Kebayoran Lama. Aspek paparan COVID-19 pada bayi, lama perawatan, dan status komplikasi pada kasus kehamilan dengan COVID-19 berhubungan positif terhadap profil prognosis pada bayi di Rumah Sakit Kebayoran Lama.Kata kunci: kehamilan, COVID-19, prognosis, ibu, bayi

Effect of Pregnancy towards Prognosisof Women and Babies with COVID-19

Objective: Analyzing the relationship of pregnancy with COVID-19 towards the prognostic profiles in mothers and babies. Method: Observational analytics with cross sectional study approach. Data collection through medical records of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 who were treated at Kebayoran Lama Hospital from October 2020 to September 2021. Results: Chi-square statistical test between among women with COVID-19 on prognostic profiles obtained probability value p-value = 0.001 (p-value &lt; 0.05) and Chi-square statistical test among pregnant women with COVID-19 on prognostic profiles in infants obtained a probability value of 0.0001 (p-value &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Aspects of severity and duration of treatment in cases of pregnancy with COVID-19 are positively related to the prognostic profiles in pregnant women at Kebayoran Lama Hospital. Aspects of COVID-19 exposure in infants, length of treatment, and complication status in cases of pregnancy with COVID-19 are positively related to the prognostic profiles in infants at Kebayoran Lama Hospital.

Circulating oxysterols and prognosis among women with a breast cancer diagnosis: results from the MARIE patient cohort

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, and underlying mechanistic pathways associated with breast cancer-specific and non-breast cancer-related deaths are of importance. Emerging evidence suggests a role of oxysterols, derivates of cholesterol, in multiple chronic diseases including breast cancer and coronary artery diseases. However, associations between oxysterols and survival have been minimally studied in women diagnosed with breast cancer. In this large breast cancer patient cohort, we evaluated associations between a panel of circulating oxysterols and mortality and recurrence outcomes.MethodsConcentrations of 13 circulating oxysterols representing different pathways of cholesterol metabolism were quantified using liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry. Associations between baseline levels of oxysterols and cause-specific mortality outcomes and recurrence following a breast cancer diagnosis were assessed in 2282 women from the MARIE study over a median follow-up time of 11 years. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and competing risks models.ResultsWe observed no associations for circulating oxysterols and breast cancer-specific outcomes. Higher levels of six oxysterols were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease death, including 24S-hydroxycholesterol (alternative bile acid pathway, HRlog2 = 1.73 (1.02, 2.93)), lanosterol (cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, HRlog2 = 1.95 (1.34, 2.83)), 7-ketocholesterol (HRlog2 = 1.26 (1.03, 1.55)), 5α,6α-epoxycholesterol (HRlog2 = 1.34 (1.02–1.77)), and 5a,6β-dihydroxycholestanol (HRlog2 = 1.34 (1.03, 1.76)). After adjusting for multiple comparisons, none of the associations were statistically significant.ConclusionWe provide first evidence on a range of circulating oxysterols and mortality following a breast cancer diagnosis, contributing to a better understanding of associations between different pathways of cholesterol metabolism and prognosis in women with a breast cancer diagnosis. The findings of this study suggest circulating oxysterols may be associated with cardiovascular mortality among women diagnosed with breast cancer. Further studies are needed to evaluate these oxysterols as potential markers of risk for cardiovascular mortality among women with a breast cancer diagnosis as well as their clinical potential.

Abstract 15744: Worse Impact of Diabetes on All-Cause Mortality in Women Following CABG

Introduction: Women referred for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have worse metabolic disorders. The latter are associated with adverse cardiovascular (CV) events and bear a worse prognosis in women. Yet, our understanding of the sex-specific impact of metabolic disorders on mortality after CABG is limited. Aim: To evaluate the interaction of sex with metabolic abnormalities on mortality after CABG, with the hypothesis that they would lead to higher mortality in women. Methods: In a prospective cohort (2006-19), we selected patients who underwent elective isolated CABG, excluding early (&lt;48h) mortality, atrial fibrillation/flutter, pacemaker/defibrillator or heritable dyslipidemia. Sex-specific predictors of all-cause mortality after CABG and their interaction with sex were assessed with Cox proportional hazard models (stepwise selection for each model). Diabetes was defined as per Canadian Diabetes Association Guidelines. Results: We included 6,177 individuals (17% women) in this analysis. All-cause mortality incidence was 438 (9%) and 119 (11%) in men and women respectively (p=0.01) over a median of 5.7 yrs. Compared to men, women were older (67 ± 9 vs 65 ± 9 yrs), more likely to have hypertension (85% vs 78%), diabetes (40% vs 34%), abdominal obesity (82% vs 51%), chronic kidney disease (27% vs 15%), LVEF ≥40% (94% vs 92%) and had higher LDL-cholesterol (72 [17-238] vs 67 [10-221] md/dL) (all p&lt;0.05). Prior myocardial infarction was similar in both sexes (11%, p=0.48). Predictors of mortality are in Figure 1. An interaction between sex and diabetes was found (p=0.03), suggesting worse impact of diabetes in women after CABG. Conclusion: Women undergoing CABG have worse CV risk factors and metabolic risk profile, including diabetes which significantly increased mortality risk vs men. Studies are needed to evaluate which sex- or gender-related factors, like poorer diabetes management or reduced participation in cardiac rehabilitation, may be involved.

Follow-up analysis of sex hormone levels and prognosis in women after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Objective: To investigate the levels of sex hormone and fertility in female patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), as well as their correlation with conditioning regimens, and analyse the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in young women after HSCT. Methods: Retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 147 women who underwent HSCT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2010 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The sex hormone levels were measured and followed-up, and the survival, menstrual fertility and the use of HRT of the patients were also followed-up. The sex hormone levels were measured after transplantation, and the ovarian function was evaluated. Independent sample t test and χ2 test were used for comparison between the two groups. Results: The median age of the 147 patients was 26 (range, 10-45) years. Of them, 135 patients received allogeneic HSCT and 12 patients received autologous HSCT. Furthermore, 129 patients received myeloablative conditioning, and 18 patients received reduced conditioning dose. The median follow-up time was 50 months (range, 18-134 months). Five patients died of disease recurrence during follow-up. Of the 54 patients with subcutaneous injection of zoladex, three recovered menstruation spontaneously after transplantation, and all of them were myeloablative conditioning patients, one patient gave birth to twins through assisted reproductive technology. Ninety-three patients did not use zoladex before conditioning, two patients with aplastic anemia with non-myeloablative transplantation resumed menstruation spontaneously, and conceived naturally. The level of follicle stimulating hormone after transplantation in patients receiving myeloablative conditioning regimen was significantly higher than that in patients receiving reduced-dose conditioning regimen [(95.28±3.94) U/L vs. (71.85±10.72) U/L, P=0.039]. Among 147 patients, 122 patients developed premature ovarian failure, 83 patients received sex hormone replacement therapy after transplantation, and 76 patients recovered menstruation and improved endocrine function. Conclusions: The incidence of premature ovarian failure is high in female patients after HSCT, and patients have a chance at natural conception. Reducing the dose of conditioning regimen and the application of zoladex before transplantation can reduce ovarian of conditioning drugs. HRT after transplantation can partially improve the endocrine function of patients.

Comparison of the clinical characteristics and prognosis between clear cell carcinomas and high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas.

To compare the clinical characteristics and prognosis of women with clear cell versus high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 50 cases patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) and 103 cases with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), who were initially treated and completed standardized therapy in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2013 to December 2017. There were significant differences in age, gravidity (G > 1), chief complaint, with ovarian endometriosis, tumor diameter, unilateral or bilateral, cystic and solid tumor, CA125, HE4, CA199, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and FIGO stage between the two groups. The differences in the prognosis between OCCC patients and HGSOC patients with early stage (FIGO I-II) were not statistically significant. The 5-year overall survival and progression-free survival of OCCC patients were significantly worse than those of HGSOC patients with advanced stage (FIGO III-IV) (p < 0.05). FIGO stage and non-R0 resection were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma, screening by Cox regression analysis. FIGO stage, the lowest value of CA125, and non-R0 resection were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of OCCC are different from those of HGSOC. Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) patients have a significantly worse prognosis than those with HGSOC in the advanced stage (FIGO Ⅲ-Ⅳ). Satisfactory tumor resection is an essential factor related to the prognosis of patients with OCCC and HGSOC.

Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor: a clinicopathological analysis in a comprehensive, national cohort

IntroductionSertoli–Leydig cell tumors are rare tumors of the ovary. Moderate and poorly differentiated tumors can metastasize and have a poor outcome. A pathogenic variant in DICER1 is associated with an...

Enhanced antitumour immunity following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy mediates a favourable prognosis in women with resected pancreatic cancer

BackgroundThis study investigates sex disparities in clinical outcomes and tumour immune profiles in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who underwent upfront resection or resection preceded by gemcitabine-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy...

Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated APOC1 silencing to inhibit MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathway and suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality and poor prognosis in women. There is an urgent need to discover new therapeutic targets for breast cancer metastasis. Herein, we identified that Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) was up-regulated in primary tumor of breast cancer patient that recurrence and metastasis by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Kaplan-Meier Plotter database showed that high levels of APOC1 in breast cancer patients were strongly associated with worse overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Mechanistically, APOC1 silencing significantly inhibits MAPK/ERK kinase pathway and restrains the NF-κB to decrease the transcription of target genes related to growth and metastasis in vitro. Based on this regulatory mechanism, we developed these findings into potential therapeutic drugs, glutathione (GSH) responsive nano-particles (NPs) were used for systemic APOC1 siRNA delivery, NPs (siAPOC1) silenced APOC1 expression, and subsequently resulted in positive anti-tumor effects in orthotopic and liver metastasis models in vivo. Taken together, GSH responsive NP-mediated siAPOC1 delivery was proved to be effective in regulating growth and metastasis in multiple tumor models. These findings show that APOC1 could be a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients and NP-mediated APOC1 silencing could be new strategies for exploration of new treatments for breast cancer metastasis.

Impact of chronic kidney disease and diabetes on clinical outcomes in women undergoing PCI.

For women undergoing drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, the individual and combined impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) on outcomes is uncertain. We sought to assess the impact of CKD and DM on prognosis in women after DES implantation. We pooled patient-level data on women from 26 randomised controlled trials comparing stent types. Women receiving DES were stratified into 4 groups based on CKD (defined as creatine clearance <60 mL/min) and DM status. The primary outcome at 3 years after percutaneous coronary intervention was the composite of all-cause death or myocardial infarction (MI); secondary outcomes included cardiac death, stent thrombosis and target lesion revascularisation. Among 4,269 women, 1,822 (42.7%) had no CKD/DM, 978 (22.9%) had CKD alone, 981 (23.0%) had DM alone, and 488 (11.4%) had both conditions. The risk of all-cause death or MI was not increased in women with CKD alone (adjustedhazard ratio [adj. HR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-1.61) nor DM alone (adj. HR 1.27, 95% CI: 0.94-1.70), but was significantly higher in women with both conditions (adj. HR 2.64, 95% CI: 1.95-3.56; interaction p-value <0.001). CKD and DM in combination were associated with an increased risk of all secondary outcomes, whereas alone, each condition was only associated with all-cause death and cardiac death. Among women receiving DES, the combined presence of CKD and DM was associated with a higher risk of the composite of death or MI and of any secondary outcome, whereas alone, each condition was associated with an increase in all-cause and cardiac death.