Profitable Crop Research Articles

Exploration of Strawberry Fruit Quality During Harvest Season Under a Semi-Forcing Culture with Plants Nursed Without Chilling

Strawberry, a profitable crop, adapts well to diverse environments. This study evaluated the stability of fruit quality in different strawberry varieties produced as green plants without chilling during the harvest season in northern Uruguay. The focus was on understanding the impact of harvest date versus agricultural practices (different orchards and growers) on key fruit quality variables such as color, firmness, sugars, and acidity. Results indicated that the INIA Yrupé variety showed greater stability in external coloration and sugar content across harvest dates, suggesting that standardizing fruit coloration is viable under challenging conditions. INIA Guapa consistently met minimum requirements for soluble solids and ratio, with stable acidity and red coloration. Firmness was positively correlated with ratio (r = 0.81) and negatively impacted by rainfall 2–3 days before harvest. The findings suggest that harvest date has a more significant impact on INIA Yrupé fruit quality than growing conditions or practices, with variability observed in firmness and ratio but minimal variation in fruit coloration. These insights highlight the importance of harvest timing for maintaining stable fruit quality traits, which is crucial for breeding programs and ensuring consistent sensory quality and crop profitability.

Profitability of Vegetable Cultivation under Groundwater Condition in Karnataka, India

The study assessed the profitability and water use efficiency of vegetable crops, specifically cabbage and cauliflower, in comparison to cereal crops like ragi and maize in Karnataka during 2020-2021. Data were collected from 120 farmers using a multistage purposive sampling design. The results indicated that vegetable crops had significantly higher gross and net returns than cereal crops. Additionally, the water use efficiency of cabbage and cauliflower was superior, meaning they utilized water more effectively to generate economic returns. The benefit-cost ratio also favoured the vegetable crops, demonstrating that they were more profitable compared to ragi and maize. Overall, the findings highlighted that under groundwater conditions, vegetable crops performed better in terms of profitability and water efficiency, suggesting that promoting vegetable cultivation could enhance farm incomes and optimize water use in Karnataka.

Trend and Pattern of Costs and Varying Profitability and Determinants of Paddy Crop in Eastern India: A Fixed Effect Approach Using Cost of Cultivation Data

Trend and Pattern of Costs and Varying Profitability and Determinants of Paddy Crop in Eastern India: A Fixed Effect Approach Using Cost of Cultivation Data

Study Report on Optimum Utilisation Plan of Ngoma 22 Irrigation Scheme

The study was conducted in Ngoma 22 irrigation scheme located in Remera and Rurenge sectors of Ngoma District in Eastern Province of Rwanda between November 2018 and January 2019. It was recommended by RAB Board of Directors. The methodology used encompasses the study area, sampling procedures, data collection and analysis tools. The main data collection tool used was FGD which targeted site agronomists and household head farmers producing rice, fruits and vegetables as high value crops in the scheme area. Through pair wise ranking technique most profitable cash crops in the scheme were ranked as follows: (1) tree tomato, (2) maracuja, (3) egg plants, (4) water melon, (5) tomato, (6) irish potatoes, (7) french beans, (8) onions, (9) carrots, (10) cabbages, (11) beetroots. From this point of views, findings from the study show only two most profitable crops: maracuja with 696 Frw/kg followed by tree tomato with Frw 249 Frw/kg. The third ranked cash crop being Irish potato (with a loss of -40 Frw/kg), the fourth is egg plant with a loss of- 177 Frw. The existing paddy rice production has shown a loss of – 270 Frw inspite the water availability all the year-round. Maize and bush bean show respectively losses of -543 Frw/kg and -1743 Frw. Hence it is understandable why farmers in the scheme area have already abandoned maize and beans cultivation. Findings show also water fees (20,000 Frw/season) determined based on maintenance costs and farmers income. For capacity building model, more than one thousand beneficiary farmers in Ngoma 22 Irrigation Scheme need strong farmer organisation for ownership of the scheme and increased profitability. To that effect, they need continued capacity building as stated in the tripartite IMTA: administrative and financial management, record keeping, and conflicts resolution management, integrated water management, operation and maintenance of irrigation infrastructures, best agricultural practices for sustainable farmers’ organisations and commercial farming. Key recommendations include fixing minimum prices for agricultural products in relation to costs of production- or setting subsidy prices, increase yield for each crop by meeting all requirements: lime, fertilisers and improvement of irrigation technologies in order to reach automatically increased yield. Farmers should continue to leave out traditional crops and adopt profitable cash crops identified in this study (e.g maracuja and tree tomato). They should also increase the ownership spirit through IWUA and cooperatives performance. They should adopt collective marketing of their products and pay water fees per season.

A comparative study of yield components and their trade-off in oilseed crops (Brassica napus L. and Brassica carinata A. Braun)

Canola (Brassica napus L.) and carinata (Brassica carinata A. Braun) are two oilseed crops that have seen a surge in demand in recent years. However, current yields achieved by farmers are inconsistent and significantly lower than those achieved in research experiments. Therefore, a better understanding of the trade-off between yield components is crucial to help breeders develop new high-yielding cultivars and for farmers to manage their crops more effectively. Unfortunately, scientific literature focused on trade-offs between yield components in rapeseed is scarce for canola and lacking for carinata. To address this issue, we conducted field experiments in Uruguay over three consecutive seasons (2016–2018) using the cultivars “Rivette” and “Avanza 641” for canola and carinata, respectively. Our goal was to study yield compensation and determine the comparative performance of canola and carinata across a wide range of sowing dates. Our results showed that carinata yields ranged from 854 kg ha−1 to 7283 kg ha−1, while canola yields ranged from 1152 kg ha−1 to 4489 kg ha−1. Higher biomass production was linked to increased yields in carinata, while an increase in biomass did not necessarily result in higher yields in canola due to a harvest index reduction. Carinata yield was positively correlated with grain number, silique number, and grains per silique. In canola, moderate to large yield changes were primarily influenced by grain number and grain weight, as silique number had a negative trade-off with yield, while grains per silique had a neutral relationship with yield. Our study revealed a distinct yield building process in canola and carinata, despite the general belief that they share physiological similarities and can be managed alike. These findings enhance our understanding of crop knowledge and management, potentially leading to increased crop productivity, and generate more effective breeding programs. Enhancing the yield performance of canola and carinata will position them as economically profitable crops, allowing for greater crop diversification and meeting the growing global demand for biofuels.

Can repellent crops reduce the abundance of the common vole (Microtus arvalis) as a way to reduce crop damage?

The common vole is one of the most damaging rodents in agriculture. A number of methods are used to suppress its numbers and limit damage. One option is growing crops that are not suitable for voles; this might limit their numbers and distribution. Through long-term monitoring of common voles throughout the Czech Republic, their abundance in eleven crop types (annual, biennial and perennial crops) was evaluated through active burrow counts. Reference crops were selected from perennials and biennials and annual crops were selected as potential repellents. The perennial crops were clover with alfalfa, which serve as the primary habitat for voles. These crops are where voles are found in their highest densities, and from which they spread to the surrounding crops during periods of high abundance. The biennial winter rape was selected because it provides favourable conditions for voles to overwinter and multiply rapidly in the spring. Compared to perennial crops and winter rape, significantly lower numbers of voles were found in onions, poppy seeds and maize. Additionally, fewer voles were also found in mustard compared to perennial crops. Onion and poppy were the only crops to show a significantly lower abundance of voles in comparison to wheat. The annual crops tested are unattractive to voles and due to the cultivation practices used, they do not even have enough weeds as food. As profitable crops they can be cultivated over sufficiently large areas to potentially prevent the spread of voles to surrounding crops, especially during outbreak years.

INTERRELATION OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN COTTON (Gossypium hirsutum L.) GENOTYPES

Cotton is regarded as a profitable crop that gives people fiber and shelter. Research focuses on how yield, its components, and related attributes work together to enhance cotton. During the Kharif season of 2022, the present study was completed, implementing a randomized complete block design with ten genotypes and three replications. The study took place at the Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), located in Tandojam. This work aimed to examine the correlation and regression between upland cotton genotypes and heritability estimates for traits associated with yield. The outcomes showed that all of the parameters in the mean square of the ANOVA were significant. In contrast to the remaining genotypes, genotype FH-142 displayed the most favorable performance; it had the tallest plants, more sympodial branches, more bolls per plant, an improved seed index, and the longest staple length. The genotype CRIS-342 came in second, exhibiting good plant height, sympodial branches, a good number of bolls per plant, a ginning outturn, and the highest boll weight among the other genotypes. The findings of the correlation and regression indicated that the number of bolls per plant-1 had a highly significant and positive relationship with monopodial branches plant-1 (r = 0.73*) and (b = 2.45) and that the number of bolls per plant had a strong relationship with seed cotton yield plant-1 (r = 0.83**) and (b = 3.29). Staple length and seed cotton yield plant-1 had a negative correlation (-0.77*) with regression (b = -4.58). The highest heritability estimates in the broad sense are for monopodial branch plants (84.61), ginning outturn% (97.03), bolls plant-1 (93.96), plant height (90.70), staple length (79.31), and seed index (71.42). However, the boll's weight showed a low heritability (23.71). Further breeding programs can utilize genotype FH-142 to increase the number of sympodial branches, increase the number of boll plants, and improve the staple length. Genotype CRIS-342 can be utilized for medium-stature plant height, boll weight, and better ginning outturn. However, genotype NIA-BT-40 can be utilized for short-strategy plants with the highest ginning output.

Leveraging Cloud and Distributed Computing for Enhanced Precision Agriculture: A Yield Mapping Perspective

Abstract: This article explores the transformative impact of cloud and distributed computing technologies on precision agriculture, with a specific focus on enhancing yield mapping capabilities. Yield mapping, a critical component of modern farming, faces challenges such as data accuracy issues, data loss, edge effects, and temporal variability. The integration of cloud-based solutions and distributed computing addresses these challenges by facilitating the storage, processing, and analysis of large-scale agricultural datasets. Real-time processing and advanced analytics, powered by machine learning algorithms, enable farmers to gain deeper insights into spatial and temporal variations in crop performance. The article discusses the development of user-friendly interfaces and reporting tools that aid in yield map interpretation, as well as the integration of yield data with farm management systems for optimized decision-making. Furthermore, it examines the impact of these technologies on promoting sustainable farming practices, improving crop profitability, and reducing environmental footprints. The article also delves into future directions, including emerging technologies and potential obstacles to widespread adoption. By leveraging cloud and distributed computing, yield mapping evolves from a mere data collection tool to a sophisticated decision support system, paving the way for more efficient, profitable, and sustainable agricultural practices in the face of growing global food demand and environmental challenges.

Economic Importance of Frontline Demonstrations on Groundnut Production Technology in Nagarkurnool District, India

The present investigation was conducted in the rabi, 2019-20 in Nagarkurnool District. A total of 25 demonstrations were conducted in Peddur and Uppununtala villages of Telkapally Mandal and Nagarkurnool District. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the improved crop management practices in groundnut to increase the productivity and profitability of groundnut crops. The study revealed that Improved Crop Management practices enhanced groundnut pod yield (2338 kg ha-1) by up to 9.4% over farmer's practice (2116 kg ha-1). The technology gap ranged from 300-900 kg ha-1 and the extension gap ranged from 200-350 kg ha-1 with an average technology Index of 22.1%. The ICM practices have reduced the cost of cultivation (Rs.46,775/-) and increased the gross returns (Rs.1,41,890/-), net returns (Rs.95,115/-) and B: C ratio (2.05) over farmer's practice (Rs.46,775/-, Rs.128102/-, Rs.78475/- and 1.59 respectively).

Rootstock Effects on Tomato Fruit Composition and Pollinator Preferences in Tomato

Food security is threatened by climate change and associated abiotic stresses that affect the flowering stage and the biochemistry of flowers and fruits. In tomato, managed insect pollination and grafting elite tomato varieties onto robust rootstocks are widely practiced commercially to enhance tomato crop profitability, particularly under suboptimal conditions. However, little is known about rootstock–pollinator interactions and their impact on the chemical composition of fruit. In this study, a commercial tomato F1 hybrid (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was self-grafted and grafted onto a set of experimental rootstocks and cultivated under optimal and saline (75 mM NaCl) conditions in the presence of managed bumblebee pollinators (Bombus terrestris). The number of visits (VN) and total visiting time (TVT) by pollinators to different grafted plants were monitored through an RFID (radio-frequency identification) tracking system, while targeted metabolites (hormones, sugars, and organic and amino acids) and mineral composition were analyzed in the fruit juice by UHPLC-MS and ICP-OES, respectively. Pollinator foraging decisions were influenced by the rootstocks genotype and salinity treatment. Experimental rootstocks predominantly increased pollinator attraction compared to the self-grafted variety. Interestingly, the pollinator parameters were positively associated with the concentration of abscisic acid, salicylic acid, malate and fumarate, and tyrosine in salinized fruits. Moreover, a high accumulation of sodium was detected in the fruits of the plants most visited by pollinators, while rootstock genotype-specific responses were found for nitrogen and potassium concentrations. In addition to the known effect on yield, these findings underscore the synergic interactions between rootstocks, pollinators, and environmental stressors on tomato fruit composition.

Simulating farm structural change dynamics in Thessaly (Greece) using a recursive programming model

Although the policy impacts on farms accumulate year by year, most farm decision models focus on short-term decisions, evaluating policies based on snapshots. Structural changes are gradually built; therefore, farm decision models should consider the sequences within the period under study. Multiyear data from the arable sector in Thessaly, Greece, have fed a newly developed recursive programming model mainly to simulate farm structural change dynamics. The proposed model incorporates new evidence on the strategic decision of arable crop farms regarding their remaining in the production system and farm expansion. Results reveal an evident gradual farmland concentration in relatively large farms, accompanied by a gradual expansion of the most profitable cropping activities, verifying the real-world survival strategy of farms.

Evaluation of chemical weed management strategies for enhanced yield and profitability of Mentha crops in Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh

Evaluation of chemical weed management strategies for enhanced yield and profitability of Mentha crops in Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh

Evaluation of Alternative Break Crops in Rotation with Bread Wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in South-Eastern Ethiopia

Crop rotation could be a possible intervention to resolve multifaceted problems of monoculture. In recent years, there is a concern about soil depletion caused by intensive farming. In crop rotation legume crops, which capture atmospheric nitrogen and “fix” it into forms available to plants will increase soil fertility. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), oat (Avena sativum L.) and vicia (Vicia dasycarpa Ten.) forage mixture were considered as a break/precursor crops. The result showed that most profitable cropping sequence was faba bean grown in a 3 year cycle with 2 crops of wheat (Amanuel et al., 1994). Thus, searching for promising and alternative break crops for wheat based rotation could increase productivity and maximize profit. Adaptaion trial around Bekoji showed that sweet lupine seems an option in tolerating acidity where faba bean is found susceptible. Thus, the objectives of this study was to evaluate alternative break crops on yield and yield components of the succeeding wheat and soil fertility maintenance in the rotation scheme. Thus, this study was executed for three consecutive years from 2017- 2019 main cropping seasons at Kulumsa, Bekoji and Asasa Arsi zone, South-Eastern Ethiopia to evaluate advantage of alternative break crops on yield and yield components of the succeeding wheat and its effect on soil fertility maintenance in the rotation scheme. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with five replications. The treatment include: wheat-sweet lupine-wheat-wheatwheat in year one (2017), sweet lupine-wheat-wheat faba bean-Ethiopian mustard in year two (2018) and wheat-wheat-wheat-wheat-wheat in the third year (2019). These leguminous crops have improved physico-chemical properties of soil. Plant nutrients of soil on which legumes were grown were increased. This improvement of soil properties by leguminous crops has resulted in higher yield of wheat than plots on which wheat was grown after wheat. Although non-significant, the third year Bekoji and Asasa combined analysis of variance revealed that the highest wheat grain yield (4197kg/ha) was obtained at sweet lupine-wheat-wheat followed by wheat-faba bean-wheat (4003kg/ha). However, plant height was significantly (P<0.05) affected by rotational crops effect. The tallest plant height of wheat (105.0cm) was recoded from wheat-Ethioian mustard-wheat treatment. From this study, sweet lupine-wheat-wheat followed by wheat-faba bean-wheat with proper agronomic packages could be forwarded as a temporary recommendation in Asasa, Bokoji and Kulumsa areas and in areas with similar agro ecologies.

Phenology and performance of okra (Abelmoschus spp.) morphotypes from Benin

Okra is currently a highly profitable crop for the farming community because of its high consumption potential across rural and urban areas. Thus, it is important to evaluate the yield of various morphotypes of the three species grown in Benin. Assessing the production yield will enable efficient selection of the best morphotypes for the benefit of the population. A total of 53 morphotypes, characterized from okra species cultivated in Benin, were sown in a field at the University of Abomey-Calavi. For each morphotype, 5 plants were selected, and data were collected from germination until the fruits reached total senescence. Among the three species of okra cultivated in Benin, A. moschatus has the longest vegetative phase (68 ± 3 days). The average flowering time ranges from 51 days in A. caillei to 71 days in A. moschatus. The longest average fruiting time was also observed in A. moschatus (48 days). The analysis of variance showed that the duration of fruit set varied significantly among the species (p = 0.003). In terms of production yield, A. esculentus is the most productive species, yielding 10.50 tonnes of fruit per hectare. It is followed by A. moschatus and A. caillei, which yield 5.9 tonnes and 5 tonnes of fruit per hectare, respectively. Morphotype M25 of A. esculentus is the most profitable among the 53 morphotypes of the three species, producing 520.23 grams per stem, or 20.8 tonnes of fruit per hectare. Through this study, an annual sowing calendar was developed, enabling producers to plan okra cultivation for the entire year.

Replacing Tobacco with Hemp in the Beqaa Is Financially Rewarding for Farmers and Government in Lebanon

Lebanon has been grappling with severe financial and monetary crisis since 2019. In this context, minimizing losses and finding additional revenue sources to sustain state operations have become imperative. One potential solution is to replace subsidized tobacco farming, which has no economic value, with hemp farming for industrial and medicinal purposes. This shift not only ensures economic efficiency but also provides farmers with a moral and profitable crop. However, until now, there has been no scientific study examining the economic impact of hemp cultivation in Lebanon’s Beqaa area. To address this gap, we conducted a Cost-Benefit Analysis within a Business Plan framework to assess the benefits of replacing tobacco with hemp and to provide decision-makers with data-driven strategies. For this analysis, we obtained accurate data on tobacco farming from the state-owned Tobacco Monopoly (Regie), while data on hemp was sourced from existing literature and adapted to Lebanon. Our findings indicate that tobacco farming currently generates USD 828 per dunam for farmers but results in a net loss of USD 317 per dunam to the economy, a shortfall subsidized by the Regie. In contrast, hemp yields a net profit of USD 2405 per dunam, equating to an overall gain of USD 19,240,000 in the Bekaa Valley area. This stark contrast in profitability underscores the potential of hemp as a more lucrative and sustainable alternative to tobacco.

How does module tracking for agrivoltaics differ from standard photovoltaics? Food, energy, and technoeconomic implications

Module tracking can be an effective approach for spatial-temporal sharing of sunlight between solar modules and crops in agrivoltaics (AV). For desired food-energy yield across various seasons and crops, tracking needs to be customized based on factors including crop type, module array density, economics and social preferences, and policy. Here, we explore customized tracking (CT) along single axis for AV to meet the desired food-energy yield and economic performance for a variety of module configurations and crop types. CT is implemented through a time multiplexing of standard tracking and anti-tracking along the day to balance sunlight between modules and crops, respectively. Module energy and spatial-temporal shading are modeled using the view factor approach while the crop response to shading is modeled empirically. Economic factors including module hardware/soft costs and crop profit are explored to model the economic performance using price-performance ratio. A case study done at Punjab, Pakistan shows that 5 hours of daily standard tracking around noon can ensure 80 % of the typical energy yield targets while maintaining 40 % and 80 % relative biomass yield for crops having high and moderate shade sensitivity, respectively. When module row spacing is increased 2–3 times relative to a typical ground mounted photovoltaic (GMPV) system, biomass yield for crops having high shade sensitivity can be substantially recovered while also improving economic performance. Due to a higher capital cost, 30–40 % increase in feed-in-tariff could be required to make the tracking AV economically competitive to a typical GMPV. The proposed approach can be highly effective for customized module tracking design and economic analysis for AV.

Socioeconomic impacts on Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) farming in Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, Mexico

O Objective: To analyze the socioeconomic impacts on Valencia orange farming in Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, Mexico. Methodology: A study was carried out using semi-structured surveys applied to a sample of 40 Valencia orange producers during the 2023 agricultural cycle. Convenience sampling was carried out, considering demographic, agronomic, socioeconomic and environmental variables. The methodology included the analysis of production costs, profits and profitability. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships between the variables, using the statistical SPSS software version 29.0. The variables considered were profitability of the crop (dependent variable), and the independent variables: sowing density, age of the crop, yield, and production cost. Results: The coefficients of regression show a direct relationship with the dependent variable, which is why the model as a whole is useful to explain the variability in the profitability of the Valencia orange crop. Conclusions: The current production model highlights key challenges and opportunities for the producers. It is considered that the socioeconomic, agronomic, commercial and environmental variables drive the sustainability and competitiveness of the crop in the region.

Profitability Analysis of Long Coriander Crop Share by Small-Scale Producers in Battambang, Cambodia

This paper is intended to introduce Long Coriander, the best-known leafy vegetable in Southeast Asia. It is a member of the Coriander family. It has a strong coriander scent and adds flavor to common ingredients in Central and Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly in soups, curries, and noodle dishes. Beyond its culinary uses, Long Coriander also has many benefits in medicine. To meet the criteria of this study, researchers seek to investigate the profitability of the Long Coriander crop for small-scale producers in Cambodia's Battambang Province. It weighs the revenue from producing Long Coriander against the costs of planting and harvesting its crop. The study also illustrates the estimated total revenue and costs for each planting. Producing Long Coriander may beneficially result in large sums of earnings for farmers, with a profit margin of approximately 57%. Furthermore, according to an economic efficiency (EE) analysis, the cost-to-revenue ratio is higher than 1. This proves that the total amount of revenue made from the sale of Long Coriander outweighs the costs of planting and harvesting, so small-scale producers are convincingly supposed to earn more money from this crop. This research study, through dedication and commitment, aims to address the profitability potential of Long Coriander production by integrating the fundamental economic analysis methods to gather rich data that may enhance and influence further agricultural research.

ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CROPS IN PAKISTAN: EVIDENCE FROM BALOCHISTAN PROVINCE

Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan in terms of area, and most of its population depends on agriculture. It has an arid/semi-arid climate with frequent drought and dry spells. Almost half of the cultivated area is irrigated, and the primary source of irrigation is groundwater. Indus water available in Balochistan remains underutilized. Drought and tube well subsidy and other factors have resulted in over-exploited groundwater and unsustainable groundwater table. This situation affects agriculture, hence the livelihood of the residents. The study focused on analyzing the impact of using groundwater for irrigation on agricultural productivity and farmer’s livelihood in the Balochistan province of Pakistan. For this purpose, five villages were randomly selected from the district Quetta, where groundwater was the only source for irrigation. In each village, 20 farmers were interviewed through well-structured and pre-tested questionnaires. For each significant crop cultivated in the area, ‘Water Productivity’ was measured as Yield ⁄ Volume of water required in cubic meter/acre, ‘Crop Profitability’ was analyzed using ‘Benefit-Cost Ratio’ and ‘Impact of Groundwater Use on Gross Value Product’s was estimated using double log model. Results revealed that the net revenue generated from cropping was Rs. 32168 per month, whereas the monthly household expenditure of the farmers was Rs.33960, on average. Cropping alone cannot sustain the households’ livelihoods. With net income from livestock and non-farm income, farmers can meet their monthly household expenditure. Results of BCR show that all the crops are profitable, but this profitability is at the expense of over-fetching scarce groundwater. Wheat is the only crop with more than 1.19 kg/meter water productivity. Crops’ water productivity may decline if the water table keeps reducing. GVP of wheat and maize is negatively affected by the cost of groundwater. Cost sensitivity can be decreased if cost-efficient methods of irrigation are available. The government should regularize groundwater use through proper legislation and provide infrastructure/incentives for using other sources of water for irrigation as well. Availability of good quality seed to farmers should be ensured to enhance crop yield.

Beet sugar enterprises in Kazakhstan: balanced management, reserves

The goal is to analyze production indicators of sugar beets and sugar for 1990-2023, to recommend measures to increase volume of sugar industry products. Methods - statistical, on the basis of which primary data on production of beet raw materials and sugar, its consumption per capita, export and import, and foreign trade turnover are collected. Results - the authors note that development of beet-sugar subcomplex is accompanied by stable decrease in quantity of this product, resulting in reduction in acreage and decrease in yield. The deterioration of parameters is due to high cost and low profitability of crop produced, outdated technical base, the use of lowquality seeds, problems with irrigation, and insufficient capacity of sugar factories. The current situation has a direct impact on the demand for sugar, which is met through imports and raw sugar obtained from processing. State measures aimed to increase sugar from domestic raw materials, set out in the Comprehensive Plan for the Development of Sugar Industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2022-2026, were considered, in the framework of which it is provided to ensure the enterprises with unused agricultural land suitable for cultivating sugar beets within a radius of 150 kilometers to ensure their own raw materials taking into account the requests of the processors. Conclusions - the implementation of the set tasks will reduce sugar import dependence and saturate the domestic market with own products. At the same time, logistics issues, reducing cost of transporting finished products, and financing construction of railways need to be worked out.