Professor Tadeusz Research Articles

Profesor Tadeusz Szymański jako badacz leksyki prasłowiańskiej

The preliminary part of the study presents a scientific profile of Professor Tadeusz Szymański in the initial (over twenty years) period of his research activity at the Institute of Slavic Studies (Slavistics) of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In the article the particular attention was paid to the participation and researcher’s contribution to the Proto‑Slavic lexicon which is archival these days. The initial versions of the PSL vocabulary words *medvědь, *mešьka (*mečьka) and *mekati developed by Tadeusz Szymański became the starting point to present them in a broader research perspective (not only etymological, but also ethno‑ and geolinguistics), more than 50 years after being developed. It is worth emphasizing that, despite the significant progress on the work on PSL lexicology, these unique dictionary materials can still serve as a starting point for further detailed research and verification of existing findings.

Historia edukacji osób autystycznych w Polsce na tle zmian zachodzących wokół zaburzenia ze spektrum autyzmu

The text is an attempt to organize the knowledge about the history of education of autistic persons in Poland, and to present this process against the background of changes taking place around the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The three most important events in this area are: the new conceptualization of this disorder in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, the implementation to the standard of education of teachersmajoring in the education and therapy of persons with the autism spectrum disorder, and the demise of Professor Tadeusz Gałkowski, a researcher and activist who was the first to recognise this disorder in Poland.

Nephrology Before Nephrology in Poland.

It was in the 1950s that nephrology crystallized as an independent specialty out of internal medicine. However, references to modern nephrology appeared in the works of doctors much earlier. Some researchers consider Hippocrates to be the father of clinical nephrology, while John Merrill is widely regarded as a specialty founder of modern nephrology. The situation is similar in Poland, where early references to urinary tract diseases appeared in medieval works of Polish authors. Poland's first clinic of nephrology, established in Wrocław in 1958, was managed by Zdzisław Wiktor. During the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association and International Association for the History of Nephology congresses, Polish authors presented precursors of nephrology, including Thomas of Wrocław, Simon Sirenius, Samuel Goldflam, Józef Dietl, Jędrzej Śniadecki, Marceli Landsberg, and Witold and Tadeusz Orłowski. This article focuses on late 19th and early 20th century giants who contributed to the development of nephrology in Poland. The period discussed covers memorable milestones in the history of Poland, ranging from the long-term Russian, Prussian, and Austro-Hungarian annexation through World War 1, after which the country regained its independence, to World War 2. These scientists represented clinical medicine and basic sciences, such as pathologic anatomy, physiology, and physiologic chemistry, and came from 3 different regions of Poland. Professor Tadeusz Browicz was associated with the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Professor Anastazy Landau worked in Warsaw, and Stefan Dąbrowski represented the University of Poznań. Although based on the cooperation with European universities, their works were published in Polish, preventing them from gaining wide recognition in the European medical community of the time. Therefore, presenting their achievements to a wider group of historians after such a long time seems justified.

Russian Diplomat Vasily Nikitin and Polish Oriental Studies. Nikitin’s letters to Professor Tadeusz Kowalski

Vasily Nikitin (1.1.1885–6.6.1960) – a former Russian consul in Urmia, Iranian studies researcher and Kurdologist – corresponded with professor Tadeusz Kowalski for over a quarter of a century. His letters sent to Krakow in the years 1922–1948 are held in the Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) and Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (PAU). The aim of this article is to present the relationship of Vasily Nikitin with Polish Oriental studies and Orientalists on the basis of an analysis of the letters sent by him to Tadeusz Kowalski. The correspondence changed during this time. At the beginning, Nikitin sought help from Kowalski in finding a job at the Jagiellonian University. With time, when his financial situation in Paris – where he was in exile – stabilized, he was interested in working with Polish Orientalists at a distance. Due to Kowalski’s efforts, Nikitin became a foreign member of the Polish Oriental Society and the PAU’s Oriental Commission. Thanks to this, he received publications issued by these organizations. He also published in the oldest Polish Oriental journal – the Yearbook of Oriental Studies (Rocznik Orientalistyczny) – and in other journals.

Tadeusz Dzierżykray-Rogalski – w siedemdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin

The author presents the scientific output of professor Tadeusz Dzierżykray-Rogalski on his seventieth birth anniversary. The celebrator of the jubilee was for many years a chairman of the Polish Anthropological Society, the editor of the Polish Anthropological Review, a worthy scientist of the Polish Anthropology and organizer of the scientific life.

Aktualność założeń przygotowania zawodowego w zakładzie pracy – przykład rzemiosła

This article is referring to main challenges identified during the 40 th anniversary conference of labour pedagogy. The author made an attempt to verify topicality of issues in the aspects of craftwork apprenticeship being realised today in the workplace. Professor Tadeusz W. Nowacki has always highly valued social-occupational group of craftsmen and pointed to their role in the field of development of upbringing systems, and by showing patriotic traditions, he also exposed their capabilities for adaptation. The results of the author’s own research and the review of lately examined topics in the field of vocational education require direct us to undertake some reflection on upgrading and dissemination of apprenticeship system in Poland – especially on the basis of the Copenhagen Process achievements and works conducted by European research centres. This issue seems to be of particular importance in the context of such areas as international comparison and discourse on the possibilities of development and perspectives of the work pedagogy in the eve of its 50 th anniversary. Craftwork apprenticeship also in the sphere of contemporary challenges (e.g. common lack of social trust) shows that the main message of this discipline, expressed in the examination of relations human – upbringing – work, still remains actual.

Listy akademika Aleksandra Nikołajewicza Samojłowicza do profesora Tadeusza Kowalskiego

Professor Tadeusz Kowalski (1889–1948) corresponded with scholars from practically all over the world. He was interested in the developments of Oriental studies in the Soviet Union. He valued the publications he received from the USSR, as well as all contacts he had with Russian researchers. He sought to cooperate with Alexander Samoylovich (1880–1938) – one of the most eminent Turkologists in the Soviet Union. This goal had been partially achieved. The archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków now hold, catalogued under ref. No. KII-4, j. 174, just three letters from the Russian Turkologist. Despite their small number, these materials are an engrossing source of knowledge on the state of Soviet Turkish studies in the mid 1920s and the Soviet Oriental studies community. These letters are all the more precious – as the author managed to determine – as the branch of the archives at the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, where the legacy of professor Samoylovich is kept, has no copies. It is interesting that there are no surviving copies of the letters from professor Kowalski to the Russian Turkologist. The article’s purpose is the edition of the letters of Alexander Nikolaevich Samojłowicz – a Soviet turkologist – to Professor Tadeusz Kowalski, including their translation into Polish. These documents constitute a certificate of international academic relations development between scientists from Poland and the Soviet Union in the interwar period.

A page from the history of the University of Vilnius: selected biographical threads

The article concerns the scientific path of the employees and authorities of the University of Vilnius, who had the courage to to hold a repeat official presentation of a dissertation of prof. Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov in 1978 (the previous presentation took place in Moscow in 1955, but the documentation was “lost”) and to award the title of doctor honoris causa to Vladimir Nikolaevich Toporov in 1994. Biographical threads also concern employees who moved to Warsaw after WWII, primarily Professor Maria Renata Mayenowa. She was an assistant in the Stefan Batory University and participant in the seminar of professor Manfred Kridl. As a person of Jewish nationality, she lived in hiding near Bracław under the name of Szadziewicz during the occupation and survived thanks to the help of the university community. The following names appear on further pages: Professor Tadeusz Czeżowski, Janina Zienowicz, Stefan and Lidia Wołoszyn, Feliks and Maria Wolscy. The atmosphere of mutual support and help is noteworthy. The milieu of the period is overviewed on the basis of correspondence of Professor Mayenowa to Professors Kridl and Elzenberg. As defined by Professor Zygmunt Saloni, Professor Mayenowa was “Polish by choice”.

Professor Tadeusz Stanisław Gałkowski (1936-2020) – A human being and a psychologist

This article is devoted to the life and work of Prof. Tadeusz Gałkowski - an outstanding representative of world psychology, who was able to harmoniously combine various manifestations of scientific, instructional, and social activities, focusing them especially on the rehabilitation of people with serious developmental disorders and difficulties in communication. His great merit was the initiation of research on the diagnosis and treatment of children with hearing impairments and autism in Poland - so important for extending the knowledge of special education, supporting the development of people with disabilities, and shaping appropriate social attitudes towards them.

The 75th birthday of Professor Tadeusz Kudra

This year marks the 75th birthday of Professor Tadeusz Kudra, a well-recognized distinguished scientist in chemical engineering with over fifty years of academic and practical experience in drying ...

„Gawędy o utraconym gnieździe – Boży Rok”. Wspomnienie Anny Jałbrzykowskiej z Ujazdu

“The Stories of a Lost Nest – The Year of God”. The Memory by Anna Jałbrzykowska from Ujazd The paper contains an excerpt of a manuscript by Anna Jałbrzykowska (1908–1990) titled: “The Stories of a Lost Nest – the Year of God”. The text was written in 1972 and soon afterwards it was bought to be added into the manuscript collection of our Library, in which the author used to work for a short time before the outbreak of War. It comprises of a description of pre-war economics, daily life and house practices present in the manor house in Ujazd, located 14 km from Kraków, owned by the Jałbrzykowscy family since 1884 until 1945, when it was taken from them by the Polish communists. After this confiscation, the author, who studied humanities, was for many years working in the Jagiellonian Library, where she was accepted as an employee despite her then improper social background and a close family relationship between her and a prominent priest, archbishop of Vilnius Romuald Jałbrzykowski. The value of the presented source is both its recollective nature and interesting persons who visited the Jałbrzykowscy’s manor (priest professor Tadeusz Kruszyński, Tetmajerowie, Jan Bisanz) as well as the nostalgic, literary nature of the memories: the image of the world and lifestyle typical for the nobility living in a manor house which are gone, not so much due to natural economic development but because of the Polish communists rule.

Forensic Tactics by Tadeusz Hanausek as a Method for Detecting Perpetrators of Crime

The aim of the article is to present the views of a classic forensic scientist prof. zw. dr hab. Tadeusz Hanausek, the founder of Cracow school of forensic science, who has shaped the Polish foundations of forensic tactics, which is currently one of the disciplines of forensic science. The presentation of professor Hanausek has been reflected in the implementation of his dogmatic point of view in the practice of law enforcement agencies and the justice system both during his life and after his death. Professor Tadeusz Hanausek determined the reasons for the initial underestimation of the role of forensic tactics despite the acceptance of this term, built a definition of forensic tactics and developed scientific research that allowed him to indicate a growing role of forensic tactics in the implementation of the functions of forensic science and the criminal procedure. The article presents the fundamental issues of Tadeusz Hanausek’s creative scientific interests, which he first defined and then consistently pursued and developed in his scientific and research activities. The pioneering scientific and research issues in question were passed on by professor Tadeusz Hanausek to the representatives of his Cracow school of forensic tactics and then developed, presented and widely discussed on the national, European and international forum. The subject matter of the article is also focused on the examples of practical application of the professor’s ideas in an effective detection of perpetrators of crime. In addition, the publication is based on the research findings of the judicial and prosecutorial records of one of the authors of this article, who is an active representative, popularizer and, above all, a continuator of professor Hanausek’s Cracow school of forensic tactics.

Listy Włodzimierza Zajączkowskiego do profesora Tadeusza Kowalskiego

Włodzimierz Zajączkowski (1914–1982), who prior to WWII had been a graduate student in the Institute of the Middle East Studies at the Jagiellonian University, returned in the autumn of 1946 to Cracow in order to complete his Ph.D. thesis on the Gagauz Turks. Published in this paper are nineteen of his letters addressed to Professor Tadeusz Kowalski, the first four of which date from his years as a doctoral student, while the latter fifteen were written during WWII (VII 1940 – V 1944). Sending those letters was not easy, as on the wayfrom Vilnius to Cracow they had to pass through Kaunas and Königsberg. This correspondence is currently stored in the Archive of Science of PAN and PAU in Cracow under the signature K-III-4, 178, pp. 25–70.
 The first four letters describe the events of a holiday he spent with family in Trakai and Vilnius and explain when he plans to return to Cracow. In the latter letters W. Zajączkowski describes life in Vilnius under German occupation, his work and living situation. He also writes about his Karaim family and friends. He replies to the professor’s questions regarding certain people and events, including Seraya Shapshaland his efforts to establish the Karaim Museum. The letters are a great source of knowledge on the Karaim community in Vilnius and Trakai and how they coped with the German occupation.

Profesor Tadeusz Malinowski i Jego spotkania z Rzeszowem

Professor Tadeusz Malinowski, an outstanding Polish archaeologist, died in December 2018. He has left an enormous scientific legacy, particularly studies devoted to the funeral rite in the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age (Lusatian and Pomeranian cultures). He was a pioneer of Polish archeomusicological research. In his works he also touched upon broader issues related to cultural and ethnic relations, museology, experimental archaeology and others. For many years his contacts with Rzeszow archaeological centre were shaped by his sincere interest and even friendship. This article is devoted to these relations.

Tolerance and patriotism in the educational process of shaping civil society

The author analyzes the concept of tolerance and patriotism, drawing attention to the ideas, principles and attitudes of these categories. Presenting various views in this in this field, he refers to the biography and position of Professor Tadeusz Pilch. Patriotism is treated as an effect of following the principles of tolerance and the attitude of tolerance shaped in the educational process. The author formulates numerous questions related to the difficult process of shaping civil society and suggests that education faces increasingly difficult challenges related to the elimination of ideologization of the nation. He draws attention to tolerance and patriotism as a special value in shaping civil society, implementing the principles of heterology.

Profesor Tadeusz Skulina – historyk języka i onomasta

Professor Tadeusz Skulina (1929–1992) was born in Katowice but from the Second World War he was connected with Great Poland. Also in Poznań, he studied Polish Studies and following his graduation became employed at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań where he completed the consecutive stages of his scholarly career. As a disciple of Professor Władysław Kuraszkiewicz he conducted research on the Polish language of the Old-Polish era and of the 16th century. His doctoral thesis (1964) was devoted to historical phonetics and historical dialectology but soon he changed his scholarly interests and entered the field of Slavic studies, especially East-Slavic languages. In his habilitation thesis he discussed the question of the Old-Ruthenian anthroponymy. This thesis, published in 1973, was the first original, so extensive and detailed thesis about the Old-Ruthenian names. As we know, in the period following the receipt of his habilitation degree Professor Tadeusz Skulina had plans to prepare a monograph about Polish feminine onomastics. He had pursued this for years, however, unfortunately, never managed to prepare a synthesis. He only left an unfinished editorial draft of this book. Apart from research activities, Professor Skulina was involved in didactics and also performed responsible administrative functions at the Institute of Polish Philology, was a member of numerous scholarly societies. For his achievements, he received many awards and honours. Professor Tadeusz Skulina died in 1992 after a long and emaciating illness. The scholarly achievements he has left inspire the successive generations of researchers. He also left unfinished written works and ideas which he never managed to realize.

HISTORY AND PRESENT-DAY REALITIES OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF DANYLO HALYTSKY LVIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Botanical gardens play an important role in saving and enriching biological diversity of urban areas in Lviv, The Botanical Garden of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University with its narrow specialization in medicinal plants in particular. But there are still some figures and facts that require thorough study. Therefore the study aims at examining of the background and history of foundation and also describing the features of operation of the Botanical Garden of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University. The authors' purpose was also to study the figure of Professor T.F. Wilchynskyi and his contribution to the development of science and Botanical Garden; identify the reasons of creating the "garden of medicinal plants", changes and amendments of modern botanical garden, especially of its territorial location and the uniqueness of the facility; explain the difficulties in the work. The study has got certain results. Firstly, the figure of Professor Tadeusz Wilchynskyi and his contribution to the creation and development of the Botanical Garden of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University as a whole are described. Modern tasks of botanical garden activity are also described. On the base of the cartographic method of research scheme of regressive dynamics area "garden of medicinal plants" are presented, its territorial location is characterized. The basic elements of uniqueness object are described; difficulties in his work are clarified and the ways of their solution are presented. These difficulties are considered to be as follows. First of all, the absence in the staff of scientific employers makes it impossible to fully organize the conduct of research work. Secondly, the use of grown medicinal plants in the botanical garden and harvesting of medicinal plants in the experiments prevents the use of herbicides and crop protection chemicals. Thirdly, complete absence of mechanized equipment requires significant manual labour and reduces the efficiency of working time. Thus, the authors have concluded that despite the certain difficulties in the work the staff of the Botanical Garden, we should continue the work of T.F. Wilchynskyi on the preservation and enrichment of his collections. In comparing with the initial objectives that were treated to the "garden of medicinal plants" modern tasks enable an introduction of new medicinal species and develop agricultural techniques of cultivation. The Botanical Garden is an example of creating collections of medicinal plant species.

15th Anniversary of the Molecular Techniques Unit at the Department of Forensic Medicine at Wroclaw Medical University.

Molecular Techniques Unit at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University has been operating since December 2003. Soon it will be 15 years since its establishment. This anniversary become an inspiration to write down the story of this institution whose origins illustrate the immense changes that have taken place in forensic genetics. The aim of our work was also to consolidate the professional achievements of Professor Tadeusz Dobosz, chief of the Unit, one of the pioneers of introducing DNA testing technology into Polish forensic medicine. The most important achievements of the Unit include participation in two EU research projects, the development of a non-destructive method of extraction of genetic material, research in field of gene therapy and certification of the Laboratory of the Molecular Techniques Unit by the Polish Accreditation Center (PCA) confirming compliance with the requirements of the PN-EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standard.

Professor Tadeusz Poklewski-Koziełł and the Research on the Development of the Agriculture Technology in Medieval and Modern Poland

One of the specializations at the Łodź Center of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology PAS is research on agricultural techniques in Middle Ages and in modern times. The research was initiated in the sixties of the 20th c. by Professor Tadeusz Poklewski by excavations in the region of Spicymierz, in central Poland. During the excavations he discovered traces of plowing with a moldboard plow dated to the 8th-10th c. Furthermore, on the basis of pottery scattering, he demarcated fields measuring around 5 ha each. The pottery found its way to the fields together with the compost, with which the fields were fertilized. It helped to determine the chronology of 7 fields to the 10th-12th c. and of 8 other ones to the 12th -14th c. In later years Professor did not lead any excavations of his own, which would relate to research on the history of agriculture, but he showed interest in such excavations, helped interpreting them. The archaeological material was analyzed under his guidance. On the route of the future highway, in Piaski-Nowa Wieś near Łowicz, Piotr Strzyz discovered 5 ditches, all parallel to each other. It was Professor Poklewski, who pointed to their similarity with the discoveries of Wladyslaw Filipowiak in Dobropole, Pomerania, and helped this way to interpret them as traces of plowing with a one-sided moldboard plow. Also on the route of another future highway, in Pomorzany near Kutno, the expedition of the Łodź Center examined the remains of a grange, which functioned there from the 14th c., geared towards animal husbandry. In the beginning of the 19th c. the grange was relocated and in its place arable fields were established. The analysis of grange excavations was prepared and published under the editorship of Professor T. Poklewski. Research on agricultural techniques carried out by Professor T. Poklewski at the Łodź Center of IAE PAS allow to learn and understand not only the development of technology, the discoveries and inventions, but also the work of an ordinary man – the producer

About Research on Medieval Kalisz

Professor Tadeusz Poklewski-Koziell together with his team conducted in the years 1981-1987 excavations of medieval Kalisz, the capital city of south Great Poland. The excavations concerned the chartered town area enclosed within the defensive walls. Recreated was also the scope of the bailey in the 14th century Kalisz, which belonged in the first line to the sacral objects and was church property, but also to the royal castle and the Jewish district –these creating the so called “non-urban area”. In contrast, as it has been stated, the urban utility area – for trade, handcraft and dwellings – constituted only 40% of the chartered land. A particularly important discovery of Professor Poklewski-Koziell was finding the topographic location and examining the relics of the Kalisz castle destroyed in a fire in 1537. It has been ascertained, that the castle – built as a royal residence – and the adjoining defensive town walls were constructed at the same time: in the 30s and the beginning of 40s of the 14th c. on the initiative and from foundation of Casmir the Great. An important element while determining the dating of particular objects of stone architecture were the pioneer examinations of brick regarded as an new compound of archaeological sources