Professional Literature Research Articles

Development of Psychological Support Programs for Military Personnel Considering Combat Experience (Ukrainian Case)

Introduction: Russian aggression against Ukraine has revealed the need not only to counter direct military aggression, but also in the development of effective programs for psychological support of those soldiers who directly performed their duties on the contact line. The purpose of the article is to explore approaches to the development of psychological support programs for military personnel (on the example of Ukraine).Methods: To realize this goal, the method of content analysis of professional scientific literature and the method of comparison were used, that allowed us to trace changes in the understanding of the ways of reintegrating veterans of into society and peaceful life.Results: It was found that the inclusion of educational elements in psychological support programs will contribute to accelerate the recovery process and allow for the partial involvement of servicemen to their rehabilitation. The main components of psychological support programs psychological support programs include individual and group psychotherapy, psychotherapeutic interventions, reintegration programs, educational activities, and accessibility of assistance. The experience of Ukraine has shown that the use of collective support and active involvement of specialists in the development and testing of reintegration programs has a positive impact.Conclusions: To further implement effective programs of psychological support and reintegration psychological support and reintegration programs, it is necessary to provide additional social guarantees to help servicemen find their place in civilian life after completing their service.

EXPRESS: Buy! Buy! Buy!—How Multi-Level Marketing Companies Pressure Their Participants to Buy Their Products

Despite the popularity of multi-level marketing (MLM) companies and their ability to attract many distributors worldwide with the promise of an income opportunity, the financial outcomes for these participants are often unfavorable. Many distributors invest more money in internal products and business expenses than they earn. Drawing upon the professional and business ethics literature, this paper develops a conceptual framework to understand how organizational characteristics (collectively) create a pressure on distributors to overspend on internal products. The framework integrates legal, financial, and social dimensions, emphasizing the dual roles of MLM distributors as both victims and potential offenders. Utilizing this framework, the paper discusses the limited effectiveness of current safeguard policies in preventing the problematic effects of the MLM industry, including the operation of some MLMs as pyramid schemes. It proposes new directions for research on MLMs and other distinct areas within marketing and public policy, particularly addressing the broader category of deceptive income opportunity providers (DIOPs).

Legacy of the Ancestors: Revitalization of the ‘Scythian Animal Style’ in Altaian Arts and Crafts

This study examines the so-called ‘Scythian animal style’, which has experienced a revival, particularly in contemporary Altaian arts and crafts, where it serves as a symbolic expression of ethnic identity and the Altaians' identification with the ancient Pazyryk culture of the Iron Age. The animal motifs from the Pazyryk culture, originating in the Altai region, are widely incorporated by Altaian artisans today and are used to represent and promote Altaian culture. The paper focuses on the role of this art style in Altaian crafts, exploring its interpretation and the reasons for its use from the Altaians' perspective. Alongside professional literature, the study draws primarily on data gathered during the author's field research conducted in 2018 and 2019 in the Altai Republic, Russian Federation. The theoretical framework of the study is grounded in ethnosymbolism.

Tax knowledge in connection with tax compliance in Hungary

During the examination of tax education, a significant part of the professional literature defines taxpayers as a homogeneous group, however, among others, the level of educational attainment and the digital skills of taxpayers are also important. This research investigates the role of knowledge in connection with tax compliance. The article is based on the statements from the professional literature and analysis of secondary data from national and international authorities and institutions. It also includes some comparisons of the components of the COM-B model on the data of nine European countries and sets up a model of tax behaviour based on Hungarian conditions. According to the classification based on the comparison, the performance of Hungary is at the lowest level among nine examined countries. Considering the complexity of the tax system, the knowledge of taxpayers is incomplete in Hungary. A developed version of the COM-B model points out that there is a close connection between capability and opportunity as well and these components can reinforce each other. With the adequate motivation and literacy as well as the knowledge of procedures can facilitate tax compliance. It can be concluded that successful tax education recognises and targets various groups of taxpayers. The Hungarian tax authorities treat taxpayers as a homogeneous group, however, there are slight developments by using several communication channels. In the current situation, the most important is to find the forms and levels of tax education to make the taxpayer able to comply.

Optical Remote Sensing Methods for Floating Marine Debris Detection – Review and Bibliography Analysis

In the last several decades, the disposal and accumulation of debris in the marine and coastal environment has been one of the biggest and fastest-growing threats to the health of the world's oceans. Marine debris is present in all marine habitats and represents a great danger to global environmental and human health. Therefore, this paper aims to support efforts to achieve Good Environmental Status with respect to marine debris in all oceans and seas. The application of optical remote sensing methods for floating marine debris detection was briefly reviewed and the bibliometric analysis of the professional and scientific literature elaborated upon. In the overview part, previously used marine debris detection methods have been listed. The WoSCC (Web of Science Core Collection) and Scopus databases were considered, and the R Studio Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny software tools used for bibliometric analysis. 209 documents that can be classified into 43 research fields were identified in the two databases. Approximately 20% of the documents were published in two journals: the Marine Pollution Bulletin and Remote Sensing. Marine debris research was mainly published in the USA, Portugal, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, and China. A total of 54 countries participated in the publication of documents and it should be emphasized that all countries have shown great interest in international cooperation during the scientific research on marine debris. Scientific research on marine debris was found to have increased significantly since 2017, which is highly important for the protection of the environment and human health.

Motivations Behind Dreams: Its Linguistic Concept And Behavioral Impact

Dreams are a precious window into the human soul, where all the waves of minds, emotions, and cultures are concentrated. On this basis, this study deals with phenomena that affect general human consciousness and even the daily life of Arab students. Therefore, this study used the scientific and professional literature on dreams to identify their relationship to Arab students' engagement in dreaming during sleep and wakefulness and how this influences dream content. The sample for this study is selected from among the undergraduate students of Prince Sattam University, Al-Kharj, after obtaining approval from the university ethics committee. The sample was selected from male and female college students, including the College of Education and Business Administration. A total of 79 students participated in the study. The participants were men and women. The structured questionnaire consists of several derived sleep components, including dream motivation, dream recall, and the effects of dreams on behavior. The researcher obtained a correlation coefficient, proving that the questionnaire's scale and internal consistency are very high for these items. Most dreams were forgotten, and reports of these dreams reflected waking experiences in particular. Based on this data, the researcher concluded that "students' dreams had little impact on academic and general decisions," meaning that dreams did not have much impact on students.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTERNAL AUDIT STAFFING PRACTICES: NECESSITATING A DIFFERENT SKILL SET FROM AUDITORS

A decade ago, no machine matched human skills in many areas, but now AI surpasses humans in at least some skill sets. Internal auditors' effectiveness and value addition to organizations hinges critically on their possession of essential skills like risk management, independence, and deep knowledge of internal controls, along with their professional training and ability to align audit plans with organizational goals. Thus, it is important in the literature to highlight the need to understand the relative importance of internal auditor skills, their practical application in the selection, hiring, training, and promotion processes, and the consideration of additional skills or factors that may impact the application of these skills. However, the necessity for auditors to adapt and acquire new skills to meet the evolving requirements of technology, particularly AI, has not been discussed before. There are two main skill sets that are important for internal auditors: perceived behavioral, sometimes called soft, and cognitive, sometimes called hard, skills. Consequently, this text will discuss the changing skill sets and sub-categories of competent internal auditors according to AI. The study’s findings contribute to professional practice and literature by understanding and improving internal auditors’ skills, elevating performance, and streamlining risk assessment processes.

THE INFLUENCE OF RUSSIA (PERMANENT MEMBER OF THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL) ON THE THREAT TO WORLD PEACE AND SECURITY-WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON THE WESTERN BALKANS

The United Nations Organization is a global organization emerging from the aftermath of the Second World War, which, according to the Organization's Charter, its main purpose is the preservation of peace and security in the world; the development of friendly relations between nations; achieving international cooperation for solving economic, social, cultural humanitarian problems, etc. and the intention that the UN itself becomes a center for harmonizing actions to achieve common goals. The Security Council is the body that within the Organization has the main and direct responsibility for maintaining global peace and security. In the framework of the Security Council, the permanent members are the countries with the most political and diplomatic influence in the world, but at the same time they have the greatest responsibility for the implementation of the provisions of the UN Charter. The behavior of these states is of essential importance for world peace. Often the member states of the Security Council, due to their interests, not only do not adhere to the main principles when it comes to preventing any member state from jeopardizing stability and peace by protecting the interests of certain aggressor states, but it also happens that with provocation and direct participation in wars and armed conflicts endanger world peace. From the founding of the UN to today, the most blatant case of starting a very dangerous war conflict is Russia. Precisely because of this fact, in this paper the object of research will be Russia, which uses the position of a permanent member of the Security Council, not only for the protection of its political interests, but also by participating in armed conflicts and by declaring war on sovereign states. Since the end of the Second World War, and especially during the Cold War, but also after 2008, Russia has either participated in many armed conflicts or caused them. Objectively, within the framework of this research, it is impossible to include all cases, therefore we will focus only on the Russian influence and endangering peace in the Western Balkans. The paper deals with the indirect and direct Russian influence in some of the countries of the Western Balkans, emphasizing the concrete circumstances and characteristics of each country in particular. For this research, the professional literature, the most relevant international juridical act, the media that inform about actual events in Russia is a direct destabilizing factor, etc. The research relies mainly on the method of analysis of juridical acts, defense doctrines highlighted above, facts of real political events, diplomatic disputes and military conflicts. Based on the analyzed information, we come to the conclusion of research results, conclusions and suggestions for the future political, military, economic, development measures that should be taken by the international community, including NATO, EU, OSCE and other international organizations in which democratic and peacekeeping states adhere, with the aim of maintaining peace, stability and preventing Russia from extending its influence to a dominant size, since as an authoritarian state that it is, as a result, there would be various long-term wars and conflicts in the Western Balkans.

Research and Professional Literature to Inform Practice for September/October 2024

Research and Professional Literature to Inform Practice for September/October 2024

Spirulina/Arthrospira/Limnospira-Three Names of the Single Organism.

Recent advances in research techniques have enabled rapid progress in the study of spirulina, an ancient edible cyanobacteria. Nowadays, spirulina species are classified into three genera: Spirulina, Arthrospira, and Limnospira. The latter now refers to industrially manufactured spirulina strains. Whole-genome sequencing revealed gene clusters involved in metabolite production, and the physiology of spirulina. Omics technologies demonstrated the absence of hazardous compounds in spirulina cells, confirming the safety of this biomass as a food product. Spirulina is a good source of different chemicals used in food manufacturing, food supplements, and pharmaceuticals. Spirulina's enrichment with inherent biologically active substances makes it a potential supplier of natural products for dietary and pharmaceutical applications. Spirulina is also a prospective component of both terrestrial and space-based life support systems. Here, we review current breakthroughs in spirulina research and clarify fallacies that can be found in both professional literature and public media.

Անուղղակի ծախսումների մասին տեղեկատվության կառավարման մեխանիզմների կատարելագործումը շինմոնտաժային աշխատանքներ կատարող կազմակերպություններում / Improving indirect cost allocation in construction organisations

The issue of the indirect cost allocation is not new, but it is becoming more relevant due to the increase in the relative weight of indirect cost in the production cost in organizations. This is due to automation of production processes and other reasons. Often, a single basis is used for the indirect cost allocation in organizations, but the choice of a single allocation basis for all resources and calculation objects cannot accurately reflect all causal relationships, that is why the process is conditional. Based on the professional literature and in accordance with the characteristics of the studied organizations, an indirect cost grouping was made for the organizations performing construction works and an approach of costing based on Activity-Based Costing was proposed. According to the author, the proposed approach can improve the financial information management mechanisms, and especially information about indirect cost, therefore also cost, and other indicators calculated based on it, in organizations.

Parasitological Examination of the Digestive System of Wild Boar from a Practical Point of View-Endoparasitological Sampling under Field Conditions.

From 2015 to 2023, we conducted a comprehensive study in the 11,893-hectare hunting area managed by the Marcal-Bitvaközi Hunting Company, characterised by its substantial wild boar population. The research was carried out across various settings, including a free-range wild boar garden during large-scale hunts and free-living areas during individual hunts. We examined 216 wild boars in total, with 173 individuals from free-living areas and 43 from free-range areas. Throughout the sample collection process, we encountered numerous technical challenges that are infrequently detailed in the professional literature, often mentioned only tangentially. This oversight in existing publications neglects the significance of addressing field sampling difficulties, which are crucial for ensuring the precision and accuracy of research. This paper details the equipment requirements, sampling methodologies, and practical solutions to streamline fieldwork. While our primary focus was on endoparasitic infections of the stomach and small intestine, the described methodologies and findings are broadly applicable to research involving all internal organs.

Читательские практики студентов гуманитарного вуза

The need to study student reading practices in the information society is due to a number of new phenomena of socio-cultural life. The structure and content of the reading has a significant impact on the professional and spiritual development of modern humanities students. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of influence of the structure and content of reading on the professional and spiritual development of modern students in the process of their education at a regional humanitarian university. The survey of students in grades 1–5 was carried out in the “Google Forms” environment, data processing using SPSS. Frequency analysis method and regression analysis were used in this work. As a result of regression analysis, analytical dependences of changes in the main characteristics of reading practices during the entire period of study in the real educational environment of a regional humanitarian university were obtained. The most popular in the student environment literary genres, attitudes to reading both fiction and professional literature, as well as models of the dynamics of reading practices of students, which form the basis for the development of social technologies to manage the reading process.

From Scout Boy to Pioneer. An Example of Political Misuse of the Concept of a Youth Organization of Scout Boys in Slovakia

The Scout Boys, which had the original name Junák in Czechoslovakia, began official activity on our territory in 1914. Their promisingly developing membership base and attractive activity were disrupted by the events of World War II. Even before the coup in 1948, the Communists began massively building their party structures. One of the goals was to build a single and unified youth organization under the control of the Communist Party. Between 1945 and 1949, they gradually “united” all children’s and youth organizations that resumed their activities after World War II. One of them was Junák, which before the war had the largest membership base in Czechoslovakia and a welldeveloped system of working with children. The goal of our research was to find out how the children’s organization Junák was incorporated into the Czechoslovak Youth Union after the communist coup in 1948 and how its gradual transformation into the children’s Pioneer organization. In our research, we used periodical professional literature and periodical press, archival sources in the Slovak National Archives and the archive of the Slovak Youth Institute (IUVENTA) in Bratislava, as well as unpublished memories of Mr. Jozef Mikloš, chairman of the Historical Commission of Slovak Scouting.

Odborné školstvo a technické vzdelávanie dievčat na Slovensku v rokoch 1918–1945 (optikou štúdia dievčat na priemyselných školách)

The study focuses on researching the possibilities of education for women and girls at technical schools in Slovakia from 1918 to 1945. With the aim of equal representation of eastern, central and western Slovakia, materials from three technical schools (Košice, Banská Štiavnica and Bratislava) were used in the research, because the technical schools in question existed throughout the period under review. The article was prepared based on school annual reports, statistical yearbooks, archival materials, contemporary literature, as well as professional literature related to the subject under investigation. The conclusions of the study provide summary findings on the number of girls in schools in the individual historical periods as well as an explanation of the socio-political conditions influencing the girls’ education.

PRINCIPLES FOR LEADING REFORMS AND POLICY CHANGE IN EDUCATION SYSTEMS (The Israeli case)

The increasing processes of globalization and competitiveness, and the increasing complexity of organizations and the goals they promote, make changes necessary in the last decades to adapt the public systems to internal and external changes. Therefore, promoting organizational changes and performing change moves are the main part of modern organizational activity, policy, and leading reforms, and considerable resources are allocated for them. This article presents and analyses various innovative opinions and perspectives of approaches to educational policy and focus on principles for implementing educational policy reforms in the countries. this analysis is made through a critical literature review, which analyzes professional literature based on empirical research in education, national policy approaches, and organization management. The analyses mainly present pragmatic aspects that influence on a day-to-day basis strategy characteristic from a macro and micro point of view in educational policy management. The global McKinsey report (from 2018) is deeply reviewed and so are the sources from the OECD international library. This expanded mix is integrated with the researcher's approach and accumulated experience, which will be reflected in an interdisciplinary analysis of the proposed reform, emphasizing the Israeli case. The summarizing part includes a comparative discussion, divided into conclusions between the McKinsey report conclusions and the required operation for implementation in Israel and a final summary

Sitting with the Data: Experimenting with Meditative Thematic Analysis

While qualitative researchers have turned to non-traditional forms and methods to collect and analyze data, including contemplative and mindfulness approaches to inquiry relatively little has been written in the professional literature about how to specifically use meditation techniques as a qualitative data analysis method. In this article, I describe how I engaged in meditation and used mindfulness to code data and derive thematic patterns during the completion of my dissertation at the University of South Florida. I explore the notion of practicing meditation to foster a creative silence, which may encourage insights and thematic findings to emerge more spontaneously.

Is it True That "There are no Right or Wrong Ways to Grieve"?

This article explores some of the implications of the often-heard saying that, "There are no right or wrong ways to grieve." In order to do so, this article offers some reflections on the key phrases that are involved implicitly or explicitly in this advice: loss, bereavement, grief, grieving, and mourning. On that basis, this article examines a series of claims: Are there actually no right ways to grieve?; Is there no single right way to grieve?; Are there no wrong ways to grieve? These analyses are enriched by incorporating some of the new understandings of loss, grief, and mourning that have emerged in the professional literature in recent years from research and scholarship. The conclusion offers lessons that should be learned and that should not be learned from the advice that, "There are no right or wrong ways to grieve".

Examining the professional development of hungarian teachers in Romania

This study presents the partial results of a comprehensive research on the professional development of Hungarian teachers in Romania which were gained through adapting and complementing the questions related to the professional development of the 2018 OECD TALIS (Teaching and Learning International Survey). From 15 counties of Romania, 500 Hungarian primary and secondary school teachers completed the online questionnaire. The forms and topics of professional development were studied on a 5-year research period, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2017–2021). The results show that the most popular forms of professional development were attending training courses, reading professional literature, and visiting online professional social networking sites. Among the topics of professional development activities subject-specific knowledge and the development of competences necessary for the teaching of the subject were dominated. Teachers found those training courses the most efficient that were coherent and provided opportunities for the practical implementation of new ideas, for active learning and cooperation. In only a few cases were found differences between the opinions of primary and secondary school teachers, and between groups according to teaching experience.

Enlightenment and Freemasonry in the Life and Work of the Physician Joannis Baptistae Lalangue

Data on the educational and Freemasonry activities of Doctor Joannis Baptistae Lalangue have been relatively modestly represented in the scientific literature until now. Based on recent research, we have come to the realizations that give us a new context for the life and work of Lalangue, especially from the aspect of his social activity. All of the above had very significant repercussions on his entire public health work and especially on his journalistic and publishing work. John the Baptist Lalangue was a successful physician. During his medical studies in Vienna, he was recognized by Baron van Swieten, the first name in medicine of the Habsburg Monarchy. Recent knowledge speaks of his very notable Enlightenment and Freemasonry work, which largely determined his life and work. Lalangue has created a truly impressive literary work, which is closely related to his active Enlightenment and public Masonry engagement. The mentioned progressive Enlightenment engagement is also responsible for the fact that thanks to Lalangue, we already had printed medical original professional literature in the Croatian language in the second half of the 18th century. This directly changed the conditions in society, primarily in the field of public health, for the better, not only in Croatia but also throughout the Habsburg Monarchy.