Professional Conflicts Research Articles

Burnout Syndrome In Military Personnel: Risk Factors And Professional Impacts

Background: Burnout Syndrome (BS) has become a frequent psychological concern in daily life. It is believed to be an emotional disorder that affects individuals’ personal lives, prompting them to question their responsibility and personality within the work context. Objective: his study aimed to analyze the relationship between age and burnout levels across the domains of professional achievement, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization in military personnel. Materials and Methods: The methodology was based on a quantitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, using questionnaires and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to identify factors associated with the onset of Burnout Syndrome. Results: The study revealed a positive relationship between age and burnout, showing that older individuals displayed lower levels of depersonalization, while emotional exhaustion did not significantly vary with age. Regarding professional performance, the results indicated that the variable "sedentary lifestyle" showed a significant difference: non-sedentary individuals had higher averages in professional achievement. Additionally, emotional exhaustion was significantly higher in individuals with interpersonal and professional conflicts. Statistical analysis revealed that 10.4% of participants scored high in all burnout domains, confirming a concerning prevalence of the syndrome among military personnel. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of addressing burnout syndrome in the military, highlighting that factors such as a sedentary lifestyle and interpersonal conflicts are associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization

HELLO: a protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial to enhance interpersonal relationships and team cohesion among ICU healthcare professionals

BackgroundMental health symptoms among healthcare professionals (HCP) in intensive care units (ICUs) are a significant concern affecting both HCP well-being and patient care outcomes. Cross-sectional studies among members of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) report up to 50% burnout rates. Determinants of burnout include communication, team cohesion, psychological support, and well-being promotion. We designed the 'Hello Bundle' intervention to mitigate burnout among ICU-HCPs by fostering positive social interactions and a supportive work environment. This justification synthesizes evidence from social psychology, positive psychology, and healthcare communication research to support the intervention. The 'Hello Bundle' aims to enhance interpersonal relationships, improve team cohesion, and reduce burnout rates. The six components include: Hello campaign posters, email reminders, integrating greetings in morning huddles, hello jars, lead-by-example initiatives, and a daily updated hello board in each ICU. This protocol describes a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.MethodsThis protocol describes a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted among ESICM-affiliated ICUs, consisting of at least 73 clusters with in average of 50 respondents per cluster, totaling approximately 7300 participants. Intervention clusters will implement the 6-component Hello Bundle between October 14 and November 10, 2024, while control clusters will be wait-listed to receive the intervention in January 2025 after the RCT concludes. Clusters will be matched based on ICU size (fewer or more than 20 beds), region, and average 2023 mortality. The primary outcome is the proportion of HCPs with burnout between intervention and control clusters at the end of the intervention. Secondary outcomes include comparing the following between clusters: (1) number of HCPs with high emotional exhaustion; (2) number with high depersonalization; (3) number with loss of accomplishment; (4) perception of ethical climate (5) satisfaction at work (VAS); (6) professional conflicts; (7) intention to leave the ICU (VAS); (8) patient-centered care rating; (9) family-centered care rating. The last secondary outcome is the comparison of burnout rates before and after the intervention in the intervention cluster. Outcomes will be based on HCP reports collected within four weeks before and after the intervention.DiscussionThis is the first large trial of healthcare communication, social, and positive psychology intervention among ICU-HCPs. It holds the potential to provide valuable insights into effective strategies for addressing burnout in ICU settings, ultimately benefiting both HCPs and patients.Trial registration: This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.Gov on June 18, 2024. Registration: NCT06453616.

'Sometimes You Have No Choice but to Give Them Medication': Experiences of Nurses Caring for People With Auditory Hallucinations in an Acute Unit.

The aim of this study was to explore psychiatric nurse's experiences of caring for people with auditory hallucinations in an acute unit. A qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis. The study involved semi-structured interviews with 18 acute unit nurses all of whom provided interventions to patients with auditory hallucinations. Overall, participants identified their role in the management of risk within an acute unit, the importance of their therapeutic role and a perceived over-reliance on medication administration as a primary nursing intervention. These findings thus demonstrate the personal and professional conflict that nurses face when working in an acute unit with patients who experience auditory hallucinations. Nurses are in a prime position to provide effective interventions and assistance for people with auditory hallucinations in an acute unit. The findings of this study indicate that mental health nurses may require additional support and education to provide care in a truly recovery-based manner, with training in specific interventions and engagement skills for people who hear voices. Due to an unpredictable environment and sometimes high-risk workplace, nurses may also benefit from organisational assistance in this area.

The Current State of Role Conflict Among Rural Teachers: Causes, Impacts, and Coping Strategies

Currently, rural teachers are facing multiple role conflicts, including the social role conflict of being an insider versus an outsider, the professional role conflict of being an educator versus an administrator, and the community role conflict of being a teacher versus a guardian. Exploring the current state of these conflicts, clarifying their specific manifestations, causes, and countermeasures, is of significant practical importance for enhancing rural teachers professional identity, promoting their professional development, and modernizing rural education.

Triggers of intensive care patients with palliative care needs from nurses’ perspective: a mixed methods study

PurposeTriggers have been developed internationally to identify intensive care patients with palliative care needs. Due to their work, nurses are close to the patient and their perspective should therefore be included. In this study, potential triggers were first identified and then a questionnaire was developed to analyse their acceptance among German intensive care nurses.MethodsFor the qualitative part of this mixed methods study, focus groups were conducted with intensive care nurses from different disciplines (surgery, neurosurgery, internal medicine), which were selected by convenience. Data were analysed using the “content-structuring content analysis” according to Kuckartz. For the quantitative study part, the thus identified triggers formed the basis for questionnaire items. The questionnaire was tested for comprehensibility in cognitive pretests and for feasibility in a pilot survey.ResultsIn the qualitative part six focus groups were conducted at four university hospitals. From the data four main categories (prognosis, interprofessional cooperation, relatives, patients) with three to 15 subcategories each could be identified. The nurses described situations requiring palliative care consults that related to the severity of the disease, the therapeutic course, communication within the team and between team and patient/relatives, and typical characteristics of patients and relatives. In addition, a professional conflict between nurses and physicians emerged. The questionnaire, which was developed after six cognitive interviews, consists of 32 items plus one open question. The pilot had a response rate of 76.7% (23/30), whereby 30 triggers were accepted with an agreement of ≥ 50%.ConclusionIntensive care nurses see various triggers, with interprofessional collaboration and the patient's prognosis playing a major role. The questionnaire can be used for further surveys, e.g. interprofessional triggers could be developed.

The Perspective of Brazilian Women Orthopaedic Surgeons on Gender Discrimination: Initial Insights to Understand Gender Bias in the Brazilian Healthcare System.

Despite the societal progress made in recent years, gender discrimination is still common in healthcare, especially in some surgical specialties such as orthopaedics. In Brazil, where the participation of women in the medical profession has been increasing, little is known about women's perceptions on the issue of gender discrimination. This study aims to examine women orthopaedic surgeons' experiences in dealing with conflict in the workplace and contextualize the impact that gender discrimination has had or currently has on their careers and well-being. As a secondary objective, the work seeks to understand whether there are differences in the perception of the issue among practicing women orthopaedic surgeons and those in training. For a cross-sectional qualitative study, a survey was distributed exclusively to 300 practicing orthopaedic surgeons and orthopaedists in training (residents and fellows). A total of 99 women participated in the survey, of whom 66 were practicing orthopaedic surgeons and 33 were orthopaedists in training. The study showed that women orthopaedic surgeons in training in Brazil have a lower number of publications and a moderate level of involvement in academic society activity. In addition, orthopaedic surgeons in training experience a statistically significantly higher number of conflicts in the workplace. The comments from the questionnaires highlighted the physical and psychological consequences arising from these situations of professional conflict, most frequently occurring with orthopaedic surgeons who are men. Our findings indicate that respondents expressed a feeling of inequality towards women in the workplace, ultimately reducing the level of job satisfaction among female orthopaedic surgeons, which may contribute to disinterest and abandonment of the specialty. The results of this work support recent evidence that there is an implicit and often overlooked bias against the participation of women and ethnic minorities in the orthopaedic community in Brazil.

The formalism of governance on the performance of family SMEs in chad

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of family SME governance on their performance. Thus, the concern of this work is to present the most relevant agency relationships for analyzing the governance of family SMEs and the family factors that can be analyzed from the theoretical framework of agency and stewardship, given the limitations of agency theory for the study of family SME governance. The study is based on a sample of 182 Chadian family SMEs from a variety of sectors. The investigation is based on a hypothetico-deductive method, and the research results show that the impact of governance on performance is significant. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out to identify specific factors for the three groups of variables: governance, altruism and family traits. Factor regression by respective degree of significance and importance of the factors shows that the factors governance formalism, relationships and delegations, internal relationships, training and experience and professional conflicts are the main drivers of SME performance. Finally, the impact of the altruism variable on performance is insignificant. In conclusion, the theoretical and managerial implications are discussed, along with the main avenues for future research.

Professional Conflict in Athletic Training and Nursing Environments: A Commentary on Comparisons and Solutions

The athletic training and nursing professions have similar characteristics regarding workplace environment and challenges with interdependence. Professionals in both fields often face conflict with stakeholders while fulfilling their job responsibilities. Although sources and antecedents of conflict differ somewhat between the professions, the consequences of conflict are nearly identical. Job-related stress, depression and burnout, and interpersonal conflict can take a toll on clinicians’ mental and physical health. Greater efforts must be made to better prepare clinicians to diffuse and resolve conflict. Compared with athletic training, nursing has placed a greater emphasis on developing students’ conflict resolution skills in the professional curriculum. Therefore, athletic training educators and preceptors can learn from nursing education and adopt similar educational experiences for athletic training students. Providing students with tools early on can give them confidence to address conflict promptly and constructively, which may mitigate negative impacts of the conflict on patient care.

Looking at the other side: working conditions in Portuguese courts

Abstract QUALIS is a research project that studies ‘the other side of courts’ by looking at the working conditions of judicial professions in Portugal and their impacts on the profession, health, family and personal life. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the results obtained, based mainly on the interviews and the online questionnaire administered to the Portuguese judicial professions (judges, public prosecutors and court clerks). The questionnaire was sent to all professionals (more than 10,000) working in the courts and had a good response rate; the interviews were conducted among the three judicial professions. The article focuses on three main dimensions of working conditions, namely physical environment, working time and work intensity, and work/social environment of professionals working at first instance courts. It will make then a further analysis of their impacts in the health and well-being and in the work-family conflict of the judicial professionals.

Industry Sponsorship in Dentistry: An Ethics Scoping Review

Evidence to guide dentistry on conflict of interest (COI) and professional-industry relationships is limited. To determine the breadth of literature regarding ethics in dentistry and COI relating to sponsorship. A scoping review following the PRISMA extension was performed. Medline/PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were used to identify peer-reviewed sources, published 2013-2023. Titles, abstracts, and full-text reviews were conducted by two independent reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. The remaining studies underwent critical appraisal. Key findings were extracted and analyzed. Adjusted for critical appraisal thresholds, we evaluated a total of (n=9) studies associated with dentistry, COI, and sponsorship (industry and non-profit research funding). The majority of evidence demonstrated a significant correlation with disclosure of COI and professional ethical conflict. More than 32% of publications demonstrated no clear disclosure or failed to report COI. Sponsored studies demonstrated significantly greater scrutiny of disclosure practices, whereas industry/dentist-reported payments were prevalent but varied widely (19% to 62%). Regardless of funding or influence, dental professionals are likely to disclose industry conflicts when presented with policies to guide transparency, thus strengthening patient trust and professional code of ethics.

The Level of Performance Anxiety among New Educational Counselors in Zarqa Governorate and its Relationship to Professional Competence and Conflict Management

The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between performance anxiety, vocational competence and the ability to resolve conflicts among new educational counselors. The sample consisted of 30 male and female counselors from the education directorates in Zarqa Governorate. Correlational studies methodology was used. Measures of performance anxiety, vocational competence and conflict resolution were developed. The validity and reliability of the measurements were confirmed. The results of the study indicated that the performance anxiety was at medium level among educational counselors, and as for vocational competence, the results concluded that vocational competence was at a medium level, and as for the ability to resolve conflicts, it was at a medium level too,. There was also an inverse relationship with statistical significance between performance anxiety, vocational competence and the ability to resolve conflicts, and there was a predictive relationship between performance anxiety and both vocational competence and the ability of conflict management. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education involves counselors to more training courses that help them overcome performance anxiety problems and develop vocational competence and the ability of conflict management.

"Control Freaks": Evaluating Concerns of Ableism in the Perinatal Environment.

This essay explores the relationship between the modern era's impulse toward control and the practices of family planning and disability-selective abortion. Drawing from experiences as a pediatric palliative care physician working within a busy fetal care program, as well as the social theory of sociologist Hartmut Rosa, the author argues that there is an unresolved cultural and professional conflict within perinatal medicine between maximizing control of the future and maximizing a culture of anti-ableism.

CREATIVE LAW: SINGERS, ROLES, AND LEGAL DISPUTES AT THE PARIS OPÉRA DURING THE ANCIEN RÉGIME

This article argues that the legal institutions governing the operation of the Paris Opéra since its establishment in 1669 were not merely applied hierarchically from above. To some extent, performers participated in defining the legal terms of the Opéra’s business. Challenging the prevailing creative practice of the time, these performers deployed legal rhetoric particularly in resolving disputes relating to casting. Casting decisions proved particularly salient insofar as the combination of personal prestige and financial success at stake produced both professional competition and social conflict. After demonstrating the main principles at work behind performers’ challenges to the administrative and legal conditions of the Paris Opéra, this article presents a series of case studies that illustrate the ways in which performers attempted to use legal strategies to alter the institutional setting as it related to casting.

Training future veterinarians for the english professional communication by means of situa-tional tasks

The article examines the possibilities and effectiveness of using the method of solving professional situations in the process of preparing future doctors of veterinary medicine for professional English-language communication. The expediency of the formation of professional communication for future veterinarians is substantiated. The essence of foreign language professional communication, which is an integral component of the professional competence of a modern specialist, is clarified. It is emphasized that a powerful potential for the development of professional English communication has the application of professional situations (situational tasks or problems that a veterinarian may face in his/her practice). Situational tasks are aimed at the implementation of such functions as the organization of cognitive and independent activities, effective and corrective functions. The requirements for the situational tasks are characterized by: a real professional situation, emerging professional conflict (controversial issue), tension of the situation (perhaps the urgency of the solution), complexity and ambiguity of the problem, clarity of description of the subjects of the problem or situation, multivariate solutions, limiting conditions. Examples of professional situations that can be used in the preparation for professional English communication of future veterinarians in English language classes are offered. It was found that the use of situational tasks develops professional English-speaking communication skills and the ability to perceive verbal information from a professional point of view, to independently interpret, make decisions and determine optimal ways of its implementation.

НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ УНІФІКАЦІЇ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ АДВОКАТІВ, ПРОКУРОРІВ, СУДДІВ: ЕТИЧНІ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ

The purpose and tasks of the activities of lawyers, prosecutors, judges in the field of professional development are outlined, as well as the main approaches to ensuring the process of professional development in various legal professions. The development of established approaches to improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges, taking into account current practice, was evaluated. The prospects for the development of a unified approach to improving the qualifications of lawyers, its advantages and disadvantages have been determined. The common principles of improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges were analyzed. Some problems that may arise in connection with the development of a unified approach to improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges and its possible advantages are outlined. A number of general scientific and special scientific methods of cognition are applied, such as: analysis, synthesis, dialectical, formal-logical, normative-dogmatic methods. A review of case studies and experience of foreign, in particular European, states in the field of professional development of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges was carried out. The requirements for the organizational and legal provision of a unified approach to improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors and judges were considered. Intermediate conclusions have been made about the extreme difficulty of implementing a unified approach to improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges due to the different organizational and legal forms and legal status of the Bar of Ukraine, the Prosecutor's Office of Ukraine, and the judicial system of Ukraine. The need to develop general principles for improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges in connection with the commonality of ideas and directions of their professional activity, as well as in the conditions of multi-vector interaction of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges in the process of justice is emphasized. It has been proven that a unified approach to improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges should be started in the field of professional ethics with the help of joint training events with the aim of minimizing professional conflicts. It has been established that the use of unified ideas for improving the qualifications of lawyers, prosecutors, and judges corresponds to common law values.

The Professional Conflict Pertaining to Confidentiality—The Obligation of Disclosure for Intermediaries of Financial Transactions

The present study aims at providing an overview of the international, European, and national legal frameworks relating to the obligation of intermediaries of financial transactions to report to tax authorities, and the professional secrecy which applies to their professions, as well as the conflict between the two. The authors address these topics from theoretical and jurisprudential perspectives, both at national and European levels, using doctrinaire, documentary, and comparative approaches. The analyses pointed out that the focus is placed on lawyer–intermediaries’ activities and liabilities when their activity is covered by confidentiality and legal privilege. Specific attention was revealed to be necessary when the conditions under which an exemption from the reporting obligation applies, and the particularities of the effects of the regulation in these scenarios. The topic of observing the legal framework and solving the possible conflicts generated by the divergent regulation of the law enforced has been the subject matter of recent European case laws that impact all the legal systems of the European Union’s member states, which has necessitated an examination of the hierarchy of law systems within the European Union member states and to emphasize the practical jurisprudential effects.

Ethical Considerations in Working with Roman Catholic Seminarians and Men and Women in Religious Formation

There are many ethical challenges when mental health professionals work clinically with Roman Catholic seminarians as well as with men and women in religious formation. This article highlights several of the most prominent ethical issues and challenges confronted by mental health professionals working with these clients. These topics include issues of competence in evaluating, treating, and consulting with seminarians, those in religious life, or those applying to enter religious life. Issues of informed consent must also be considered so that seminarians, religious life clients, applicants, and their religious superiors have clarity about the limits of confidentiality and who maintains the privilege of accessing client information. In addition, professional conflicts can arise when Church expectations may seem challenging to satisfy for professionals trained in a predominantly secular environment. Cultural understanding and appreciation are needed to work with clients from different ethnic and racial groups as well as different religious orders and branches within the Catholic Church. Finally, the role of mental health professionals in the determination of acceptance or rejection into religious life and for ordination is discussed.

Challenges in the Implementation of Judges' Professional Ethics and Conflicts of Interest that Affect Integrity

The judicial profession is a profession that has a very important role in carrying out the law enforcement process. To enforce the law, a judge is required to make a decision that will be the settlement of a case that occurs. In its implementation, the judge upholds the code of ethics that is owned to carry out a fair and correct judicial power. The implementation of professional ethics as a judge is certainly faced with many challenges. Not a few members of the judges are unsteady in upholding the code of ethics that should be followed. Integrity is needed so that there is no violation of the code of ethics.

Rudeness or Professional Competence: Negative Communication in the Information and Political Field

Introduction. The article presents the results of an empirical study, the main purpose of which was to consider communication between politicians and journalists, which can be characterized as negative. The main objectives of the study were to accumulate a database of typical conflict situations between politicians and journalists, their structural and role analysis; characterization of professional achievements and risks due to negative communicative actions. Methodology and sources. The method of data collection was the case study. Focused on the in-depth study of the uniqueness of the object, in particular, a specific video document (a television story or a television interview), this method uses included observation and subsequent qualitative analysis of a specific situation, which reveals the possibility of identifying communicative scenarios and procedures that are difficult to identify by other methods. The article describes situations of interaction between politicians and journalists, published in the form of a media text and containing various types of conflicts. The conducted research is based on the ideas and positions of practice-oriented theories of social activity, set out in the works of P. Bourdieu, M. Weber, I. Hoffman, M. Castels, J. Habermas. Situational analysis is carried out within the framework of the so-called interpretive sociology, which considers social communication as a constitutive factor of people's behavior and activity. Results and discussion. The selected situations are divided into categories, namely as situations that problematize informational, communicative and socio-role aspects of professional conflict interaction. Each designated category is considered from the point of view of negative communication techniques used by participants to solve their professional tasks.Conclusion. The conceptual conclusion in the context of the research results suggests the total nature of conflicts between government officials and the mass media, which can be interpreted as an everyday reality in which the risk of c

“Teachers as conflict managers”: mapping novice and experienced Iranian EFL teachers’ professional identity conflicts and confrontation strategies

Teacher professional identity has been widely investigated in second/foreign language (L2) research in the past decade. However, the identity conflicts that English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers with various teaching experiences face in their profession has been mostly neglected. Moreover, the way such conflicts shape L2 teachers’ identity and are resolved is yet under-explored. To fill these voids, this study scrutinized novice and experienced Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions of professional identity conflicts, their influence on identity construction, and confrontation/management strategies. To this end, 30 EFL teachers (15 novice, 15 experienced) were recruited to attend a semi-structured interview and complete a narrative frame. The results of content and thematic analysis obtained by MAXQDA software revealed that both novice and experienced teachers mostly faced identity conflicts because of “teaching philosophy/ideology mismatch” and “mismatch between personal and professional self”. Novice teachers also recurrently posed interference with “clothing and physical appearance” as a source of conflict, while experienced teachers believed “unequal power relations at work”, “imposed policy mandates”, and “traditional syllabus and testing” had produced conflicts. These conflicts affected teachers’ identity construction by influencing novice teachers’ emotional and inner world, but experienced teachers’ pedagogical performance and interpersonal communication. To confront the conflicts, the participants suggested different strategies such as “negotiating conflicts with others”, “avoiding conflicts”, and “suppressing conflicts”. The study discusses the findings and their implications for L2 teachers and educators regarding common identity conflicts and resolutions.