Professional Disciplines Research Articles

Multisensory sensitivity in relation to pain: a scoping review of terminology and assessment.

Chronic pain is a debilitating health problem affecting 20 million Americans annually. Most patients with chronic pain report negative impacts on daily function and quality of life, which can result in devastating emotional and financial stress. Although the causes of chronic pain remain elusive, there is increasing interest in sensitivity to everyday sensory stimuli as it relates to chronic pain, potentially serving as an indirect marker of altered central nervous system sensory processing. However, sensitivity to multiple sensory inputs, eg, bright lights, certain fabrics, loud noises, etc, is described using multiple terminologies. The lack of a common vocabulary makes it difficult to find and summarize related discoveries, potentially inhibiting scientific progress. Thus, the purpose of this scoping review was to identify and characterize the terminology used in publications assessing some form of multisensory sensitivity as it relates to pain (eg, a pain cohort or pain sensitivity). Our review of 6 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO+, and Cochrane) comprehensively cataloged peer-reviewed studies published through March 2023 in this domain. Of 12,841 possible studies identified, 92 met all inclusion criteria, with over 80% being published in the last decade. A wide range of terminology has been used for this construct, likely in part a result of the many different professional disciplines represented. These results provide valuable insights for future development of a standardized vocabulary and serve as a resource to aid future investigators of multisensory sensitivity and pain in their study design.

ПІДГОТОВКА ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ХУДОЖНІХ ДИСЦИПЛІН В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Despite military aggression from Russia, Ukraine continues actively develop professional and pedagogical training, which is an important factor in improving the quality of education and professional growth of teachers. Professional and pedagogical training plays a key role in ensuring the quality of education and professional development of teachers. It forms pedagogical competences, provides teachers with the knowledge and skills necessary for effective work with students, including teaching methods, planning and management. Thanks to it, teachers learn the basics of pedagogical ethics and moral values, which helps to create a healthy learning atmosphere and promote the harmonious development of students’ personalities. Methodology. Professional training in higher education institutions is carried out according to various organizational forms, models, systems and programs, the main purpose of which is the formation of positive motivation and involvement in active educational and cognitive activities, which is the basis of the professional self-development of the future specialist. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to analyze modern approaches to the professional and pedagogical training of teachers of professional and artistic disciplines in Ukraine. To identify key problems and challenges in the field of training teachers of artistic disciplines. Outline the main directions and methods that ensure high-quality training of specialists in the field of art teaching. To investigate the role of pedagogical education in the formation of competences of teachers of professional and artistic disciplines. To propose ways of improving the system of training of pedagogical personnel to increase the level of teaching of artistic disciplines. Results. Thanks to professional and pedagogical training, teachers can update their knowledge about modern teaching methods, pedagogical technologies and approaches to education. Professional and pedagogical training allows for a deeper mastering of specific disciplines, which enables teachers to impart special knowledge at a high professional level. In general, professional and pedagogical training is the basis for the creation of qualified and competent teachers, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of education and the success of students in their studies. In our study, we consider the professional and pedagogical training of teachers of professional and artistic disciplines, which is aimed at the formation of pedagogical personnel who have the theory and practice of teaching fine arts in general education, specialized and higher educational institutions, as well as in the system of additional education. Key words: professional and pedagogical training, teachers of professional and artistic disciplines, institutions of higher education, competence, knowledge, skills.

Sociological education in Russia: content diversity and institutional limitations

Sociological education in Russia continues to develop under the conditions of constant changes occurring both on its external contour and within the sociological educational community. Statistical data allow us to assert that the decline in SCC and the number of students has stopped in the last five years; moreover, there has been an increase in the contingent of sociology students. There has been a sharp decline in sociological education in non-state universities, the share of students studying on a part-time and contractual basis. The ratio of full-time and part-time education in Bachelor’s degree amounted to 86 and 14%, respectively, in Master’s degree 88 and 12%. Special attention is paid to the most acute problem related to the development of draft FSES HE 4 and the probable transition to it in the near future. In the most unfavorable forecasts, sociology education is seriously threatened by the loss of identity. In order to understand the most acute problems that prevent sociological education from being positioned as an integral, established educational process, the curricula of 49 universities that implement sociology training programs were studied. The sample included universities from the RAEX ratings — the subject rating for sociology and the top-100 best universities in Russia, as well as from the Interfax rating of the top-100 universities in Russia. Correlation of the profiles declared by universities with their subject content, as well as blocks of general sociological and special sociological disciplines with blocks of selected instrumental disciplines, practices, socio-humanities and general professional disciplines allowed us to identify a number of features and trends in the implementation of educational programs for training sociologists. As a result, two tendencies were revealed: one is the emergence of signs of the emerging unification of educational programs in sociology, which occurs in the implementation of the profile “Sociology” in classical universities, and the other is the mass implementation of unbalanced educational programs that contain obvious bias towards a certain block of disciplines and do not provide a full-fledged implementation of the declared profile.

Medical Board Discipline of Physicians for Spreading Medical Misinformation.

False medical information disseminated dangerously during the COVID-19 pandemic, with certain physicians playing a surprisingly prominent role. Medical boards engendered widespread criticism for not imposing forceful sanctions, but considerable uncertainty remains about how the professional licensure system regulates physician-spread misinformation. To compare the level of professional discipline of physicians for spreading medical misinformation relative to discipline for other offenses. This cross-sectional study analyzed and coded publicly reported medical board disciplinary actions in the 5 most populous US states. The analysis included data from January 1, 2020, through May 30, 2023, for California, Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania and from January 1, 2020, through March 30, 2022, for Texas. Medical board disciplinary proceedings that resulted in some form of sanction were analyzed. Codes were assigned for the different types of offenses relied on by medical boards for imposing physician discipline. Among 3128 medical board disciplinary proceedings in the 5 most populous states, spreading misinformation to the community was the least common reason for medical board discipline of physicians (6 [0.1%] of all identified offenses). Two reasons tied for third least common: patient-directed misinformation (21 [0.3%]) and inappropriate advertising or patient solicitation (21 [0.3%]). The frequency of misinformation conduct was exponentially lower than more common reasons for discipline, such as physician negligence (1911 [28.7%]), problematic record-keeping (990 [14.9%]), and inappropriate prescribing (901 [13.5%]). Patient-directed misinformation provided a basis for discipline 3 times as often as spreading misinformation to the community. The frequency of disciplinary actions for any reasons related to COVID-19 care, even if not about misinformation, was also quite low (10 [0.2%]). Sanctions in misinformation actions tended to be relatively light. The frequency of discipline for physician-spread misinformation observed in this cross-sectional study was quite low despite increased salience and medical board warnings since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic about the dangers of physicians spreading falsehoods. These findings suggest that there is a serious disconnect between regulatory guidance and enforcement and that medical boards relied on spreading misinformation to patients as a reason for discipline 3 times more frequently than disseminating falsehoods to the public. These results shed light on important policy concerns about professional licensure, including why, under current patient-centered frameworks, this form of regulation may be particularly ill-suited to address medical misinformation.

Research of opportunities for the ecosystem approach to career planning by students at the State University of Management

The article presents the results of studying the possibilities of an ecosystem approach to career planning by students at the State University of Management (hereinafter referred to as SUM). At first, the gap between the level of practical training of graduates of Russian universities and the requirements of employers has been actualised. Then, the need for joint efforts of all interested labour market participants to create conditions for students’ conscious planning of career growth at all stages of education is emphasised. The experience of intra-university cooperation using the STC (student team consulting) method between the marketing department and practical training department in 2022–2023 has showed that solving this problem involves integrating, on an ecosystem basis, activities for the study of professional academic disciplines, project-based learning, practical training, and employment. As an experiment, 6 student consulting teams have solved a set of interrelated tasks, including the creation and ongoing maintenance of the Career Centre page in the VK social network, advertising campaigns and interviews at “Career Day in Transport and Logistics”, surveys on the employment of graduates and assessment of student satisfaction with practical training, analytical review of the labour market in Russia in 2020–2023 with a report at the All-Russian scientific and practical conference, examination of 5 ideas for marketing research projects in the field of career planning by students of the SUM with testing in social networks and assessments of the influence of actors in its ecosystem. In conclusion, based on the results of the research, the directions for the ecosystem approach to career planning by students at the SUM are formulated.

The Use and Development of Artificial Intelligence in Architectural Design Processes

Artificial intelligence is widely used as an interactive technology in various professional disciplines. The widespread use of these technologies, which we benefit from in most areas of our lives, in the education sector will provide important developments in the field of education. The main purpose of this study is based on analysing the existing studies in which the use of artificial intelligence helps in architectural design processes. In the study, identification, screening, eligibility, inclusion and data analysis processes were carried out in three search engines such as Web of Science, ScienceDirect and ULAKBIM. While reporting the research, ‘Systematic Literature Review’ and ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analysis’ protocols were followed and a total of 35 relevant articles were identified. In the research, three popular Artificial Intelligence applications used in architectural design processes were identified as Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), Machine Learning and Data Mining. In addition, Systematic Literature Review (SLR) outputs show that most researchers are supported by artificial intelligence applications in architectural design processes. As a result of the research, it was determined that artificial intelligence is widely used in architectural design processes, however, it has positive effects in 3D and animation parts.

Research on Craftsmanship Spirit Cultivation for Students of Big Data Technology Major in Higher Vocational Colleges based on Integration of “Position, Course, Competition, Certification”

In the context of modern vocational education, the spirit of craftsmanship is embodied in the integration of the pursuit of excellence, innovation and creativity, and continuous learning. Higher vocational colleges are the main battleground for cultivating blue-collar talents in big data technology. However, the students cultivate generally suffer from issues such as a lack of independent problem-solving skills, weak communication skills, insufficient professional technical abilities, and a weak sense of professional ethics and discipline, which severely impact their employability. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen the quality of education and improve employment capabilities by cultivating the spirit of craftsmanship among students, thereby promoting the development of higher vocational education from the supply side. The proposal of the four-in-one integration concept of "Position, Course, Competition, Certification" provides new impetus and development direction for the reform and innovation of talent cultivation models in vocational education. Jiangsu Maritime Institute leverages the integration of "Position, Course, Competition, Certification" to enhance the adaptability and quality of vocational education and talent cultivation. By closely aligning the curriculum system with job demands, deeply integrating practice with theory, promoting teaching and learning through competitions, and facilitating school-enterprise cooperation and industry-education integration, the college has effectively promoted the cultivation of the spirit of craftsmanship among students specializing in big data technology in higher vocational education.

11.Q. Round table: A Guide for creating a code of ethics for public health professionals and institutions

Abstract The professional discipline of public health is driven by its values. Public health professionals face decisions that have far-reaching ethical implications. Our norms, values, beliefs and the way we see the world, as individuals, communities and institutions which serve us, do matter and fundamentally affect our decisions, behaviours, policies, and practice. The ability to be aware and reflect on norms and values when taking decisions, is a decisive professional virtue in public health practice. The World Health Organisation (WHO) and Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) Roadmap for the professionalisation of the public health workforce, has highlighted ethics as an essential pillar for professionalisation, a core competency, and the need for a Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct for good public health practice. In order to further advance the issue the Global Network for Academic Public Health (GNAPH), ASPHER, the European Public Health Association (EUPHA), the UK Faculty of Public Health and other partners set up an expert international joint working group on public health ethics and law (PHELWG). The PHEL expert working group - which includes senior public health professionals, ethicists, lawyers and academics - has been working to carry out research and develop a guide for creating a Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct for public health professionals and institutions. This has included consideration of the competencies, principles and values for good public health practice. The project has involved literature review, research and the wide professional experience of the international group of experts who have been working on the issue.The development of a guide for creating a code of ethics for public health professionals and institutions is part of the overall objective of the PHELWG to build a ethico-legal competency, capacity and resilience of public health workforce. The proposed Guide and related resources will be a timely resource, practical tool and support for public health professionals, organisations, or regulatory bodies to develop their own local country code of ethics and build further ethico-legal capacity of their public health professional workforce and institutions. Purpose of the roundtable workshop will be to: - present the guide on creating a code of ethics for public health public health professionals and institutions, which will be launched at that time - Share the proposed ethical competencies/skills, principles and values for good public health practice, with particular consideration of Indigenous knowledge and world views - reflect and consult with the workshop participants around the guide and the proposed pilot sites for implementing the Codes in various centres. Key messages • Development of Code of ethics and professional conduct is a key requirement for public health professionalization. • The Guide for creating code of ethics by international expert group provides significant resource for development of codes locally. Speakers/Panelists Kasia Czabanowska Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards heath, UK Paul Athanasopoulos Public Health Department, Stirling, UK

Antenatal care practices for gestational weight gain: a cross sectional survey of antenatal care providers reported provision and barriers to providing recommended care.

Implementation of recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) care by antenatal care providers is poor. It is unclear whether practice implementation and barriers differ between antenatal care provider profession or experience. This study aimed to assesses the provision of and barriers to guideline care for GWG and examine associations with professional discipline and years of experience. A cross sectional survey was conducted with antenatal care providers working in three public maternity services in a regional city in Australia. Data were collected on the provision of and barriers (informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework) to recommended GWG care. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics. Associations between health profession characteristics (professional discipline and years providing antenatal care) and GWG care practices and barrier outcomes were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. 117 antenatal care providers completed the survey (75% participation rate). One quarter (25%) reported that they routinely provided recommended GWG assessment at the first antenatal visit, and 9% at subsequent visits. Only 7% routinely provided recommended advice on GWG, healthy eating and physical activity. Professional discipline or years of experience were not associated with higher odds of GWG practices. Skills, belief about capabilities, belief about consequences and environmental context and resources were barriers to providing care. Medical professionals had higher odds of agreeing that they have been adequately trained to address GWG (OR = 9.14, 95%CI:3.10-26.90) and feel competent in having sensitive conversations with pregnant women about GWG (OR = 8.60, 95%CI:2.29-32.28) than midwives. Midwives had higher odds of agreeing that there are services they can refer pregnant women to for further support (OR = 2.80, 95%CI:1.13-6.91). The provision of antenatal care for GWG was low, inconsistently provided and did not differ by professional discipline or years of experience. Antenatal care providers report numerous barriers including skills, belief about capabilities, belief about consequences, and environmental context and resources. Barriers to GWG care provision differed by professional discipline, but not years of providing care. The findings demonstrate that the type and prioritisation of practice-change implementation strategies may need to be tailored to address the differential barriers faced by professional groups.

Introduction to perspectives on developing geospatial expertise symposium

ABSTRACT Geospatial expertise draws on and recognizes a vast array of seemingly unrelated interconnections allowing the geographer to find solutions to otherwise incomprehensible problems. Geospatial thinking involves both time and space, acknowledges cause-and-effect relationships of geographic phenomena at multiple scales, and recognizes the impact of spatial and temporal scale on processes. The complexity of geographic thinking necessitates an equally complex set of learning experiences that collectively are characterized by the professional geographer. Due to the inherent complexity of geospatial expertise, its nuanced relationship to spatial thinking, and a lack of research on how individuals attain geospatial expertise, we organized an interdisciplinary group of experts to present their perspectives on developing geospatial expertise in this special edition. In this introduction, we review geospatial expertise and distinguish it from spatial thinking, review research on developing geospatial expertise, and end with recommendations for future research. Through these reviews and recommendations, this introduction provides background context for the articles in this special edition and elucidates their connections. Given the complexity of geospatial expertise, it is only through connecting researchers and educators across multiple disciplines that the nature of one of the most integrative professional disciplines – that of the geographer – can be fully understood.

Strengthening the Culture of Learning Outcome Assessment in LIS Programs through Student Self- Assessments

Self-assessment empowers students to take ownership of their learning by assessing strengths and weaknesses in each area of competence they expect to achieve. This poster will illustrate perspectives gathered from a comprehensive examination and literature review to explore how LIS programs employ self-assessments, empowering students to understand their learning and competencies. Additionally, it aims to determine what lessons LIS programs can learn from other disciplines when creating an effective platform for facilitating student self-assessment. The review revealed that LIS programs use self-assessment tools such as self-reflective essays and journals, often combined with other direct assessment methods. Other professional disciplines, such as Medicine and Engineering, employ technology-based personalized self-assessment tools, aiding students in self-assessing at different program milestones. However, literature and best practices emphasize that self-assessment should not be individualistic but should be collaborative, involving peers and instructors. In addition to self-assessment methods, the review highlighted the importance of metacognitive awareness to ensure the accuracy of self-assessments and help students become more mindful of their learning. Many professional programs support students by facilitating rubric-guided judgments, self-rating, self-efficacy inventories, and metacognitive awareness inventories. LIS programs can adopt best practices from other disciplines to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of student self-assessment practices.

Analysis of the Midwifery Profession According to the Fields of Philosophy: Qualitative Study

Objective: Philosophy contributes to the formation of new strategies by affecting the development of questioning ability. Philosophy should be utilized to question the current situation and develop new strategies in midwifery. The study analyzes the midwifery profession according to the fields of philosophy, ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Methods: The qualitative type of research is conducted between May 20, 2021, and August 30, 2021. The research is carried out with 12 participants who were selected by the maximum diversity sampling technique. The data are collected face-to-face with the participant information form and the semi-structured interview form. The data recorded during the interview is evaluated thematically through content analysis. Results: In the research, three themes are identified: professional health discipline from an ontological point of view; development of midwifery knowledge and practices from an epistemological point of view; and professional and individual values from an axiological point of view. Conclusion: In this study, it is stated that the midwifery profession is essential and sacred, that it should have professional knowledge and updated literature, and that women should be with them every period since birth.

How Other Specialists See Palliative Care Uncovering Their Deep Metaphors to Improve Our Initial Outreach Strategies.

Many patients who could benefit from palliative care (PC) do not access it because of the timing and tenor of the introduction provided by their specialist. A barrier to improving specialists' (from disciplines other than PC) engagement with PC services may be an inadequate understanding of how those specialists view PC. As part of a larger project to develop public messaging for advance care planning, PC, and hospice, we conducted a qualitative market research study aimed at identifying the "deep metaphors" held by specialists about PC to provide an empirical foundation for more effective outreach and messaging. To identify deep metaphors, we used the qualitative Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique to uncover thought patterns from participants' images and interview responses, revealing deeper emotional meanings and unconscious mental orientations. We enrolled 20 provider-level clinicians from a variety of professional disciplines and specialties to participate in a one-hour semi-structured interview that required prework. The interviews were videorecorded and transcribed and were analyzed along with images brought by participants using a variation of the constant comparative method. The themes included: Having to tell patients the "right" information and path; Not allowing myself to make mistakes; Depending on algorithms so I can give my patients the best care; Putting the patient in charge can challenge clinical algorithms; Observing that PC seems to lack an objectively "right" decision; Consulting PC invites subjectivity best contained at the end of the algorithm. These themes can inform strategies for outreach and messaging to other serious illness specialist clinicians to lower reluctance to consult PC, increasing patient access.

Fantasy composition as a means of forming the artistic culture of architecture students

The article deals with the problem of the formation of the artistic culture of architectural students in the process of performing a fantasy composition. The authors consider the possibilities of developing these qualities when mastering the main professional disciplines of Drawing and Painting and coloristics in accordance with the standard of higher education. During the analysis of the literature, the authors consider the concepts of fantasy and composition, clarify the concept of fantasy composition, identify effective ways to form the artistic culture of architecture students using effective methods such as associative exercises, exercises for the transformation of forms and images, stylization and creation of a decorative image; creative tasks and projects to create fantasy compositions on various topics.

Einarbeitung in der Intensivmedizin

As staff shortage in intensive care medicine increases, sustainable recruitment and retention of qualified professionals becomes increasingly crucial. Current surveys indicate that sufficient onboarding is a key element to success in this context. The recommendations outlined in the position paper "Onboarding in intensive care medicine" aim to address this issue by guiding towards comprehensive, structured onboarding of professionals. The primary goal of providing such structured onboarding is to increase employee satisfaction, ensure the well-being and safety of both care providers and patients, and guarantee long-term supply of intensive care medicine for the population. This paper was developed under the leadership of the Junge DIVI, a multidisciplinary and multiprofessional initiative of young professionals, within the German Interdisciplinary Association of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI). It was based on a systematic literature research and consensus-building among various professional groups and disciplines, offering - for the first time - uniform, standardized, practical guidance for implementing structured onboarding for different professionals in intensive care units in Germany.

A scoping review of Deaf awareness programs in Health professional education.

Deaf awareness aims to promote understanding about Deaf and hard of hearing people, with the goal of reducing barriers between Deaf and hearing populations; and is particularly pertinent for health professional students as they need to learn to communicate effectively with a range of population groups. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of literature examining Deaf awareness programs provided to health professional students during their initial training. We searched four medical and public health databases and registers using terms related to Deaf awareness. We used the PRISMA-ScR reporting standards checklist for scoping reviews. We identified 10,198 citations, with 15 studies included in the final review. Searches were performed during August to September 2022, and April 2023. Studies were included provided they examined Deaf awareness content or programs within health professional education. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers who screened all abstracts using Rayyan software, followed by discussion to achieve knowledge synthesis and agreement. In all, a total of 15 articles from six countries were identified across health professional student disciplines including pharmacy, nursing, audiology, inter-professional and medical programs. The review found sparse evidence of research into Deaf awareness programs delivered to health professional students, with delivery often solely to small groups of students, indicating why so few students can access information about how to communicate effectively with Deaf and hard of hearing patients during their initial training programs. This scoping reviewed showed evidence of promising benefits for health professional students undertaking Deaf awareness programs during their undergraduate education. The importance of communicating with Deaf and hard of hearing patients and attaining Deaf cultural competencies for health professional students should be investigated in future research.

Disciplinary digital capabilities of professionals

This paper is concerned with the digital practices of professionals, and the ways in which educators can support higher education (HE) students with successfully transitioning into professional life by developing relevant digital capabilities according to their disciplines. Digital capabilities have received significant attention in recent years, with various attempts made to develop digital frameworks to support curriculum design in HE. However, few studies have articulated these generic capabilities in terms of specific disciplines. This paper addresses the gap of disciplinary conceptualisations of digital capabilities by exploring how they are planned in HE curricula in two professional disciplines, engineering and management. Originality of the study is achieved in part through a conceptual framework that weaves together Shulman’s notion of signature pedagogies with JISC’s Digital Capability Framework (DigiCap). The study employed a multiple-case study methodology with each discipline as a case, and four undergraduate/postgraduate modules as the units of analysis, drawing on documentary sources, and academic, professional and student perspectives via interviews and focus groups. The research design section presents a practical manifestation of this conceptual framework in the form interview questions, which is one main outcome of this study. The study offers insight into the digital capabilities in engineering and management education, as well as the digital practices of engineers and managers. Findings report on which digital capability elements are prioritised, and how, in the two professions, followed by a discussion of their most distinct, 'signature digital capabilities'. These indicate that the development of digital capabilities is aligned with the respective discipline’s signature pedagogies. In engineering, digital problem-solving and collaboration/communication, followed by data and information literacy, appear to be most prominent. In management, data and information literacy overlap with problem-solving, and, together with digital content communication, form its prominent digital capabilities. The study also identifies management’s overarching signature digital capability. The paper argues that simply just using a descriptive, typological framework (e.g. DigiCap) is not sufficient to identify signature digital capabilities of a subject without tending to their disciplinary aspects. It is the combination of a typological digital capability framework through the lens of signature pedagogies, which can be effective in identifying disciplinary digital capabilities.

Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Pengawasan, dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine: 1) Which variable in the salary range of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal is the most dominant factor. 2) Partial analysis of the employment conditions of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal. 3) Partial analysis of the effect of work assignments on employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal. 4) Application of strict professional discipline to the employment situation of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal. 5) The influence of leadership style, supervision, and work discipline so far on the performance of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal employees. 325 people are the sample population in this study, and 76 people are taken from rumpus slovin using incidental sampling technique as a sample. The results of the research and hypothesis testing are as follows: 1) Responsibility is the most important indicator of a strong leadership relationship, followed by integration and accuracy in supervision, adherence to standard operating procedures for work, and quality in working alone. 2) Partial leadership is positive and significant to the employment of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal. 3) Partial positive and significant suggestions about the staffing of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal. 4) Professional discipline has a positive and significant effect on the employment status of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal. 5) Leadership, supervision, and professional discipline are all simultaneously significant to the working conditions of employees of PT Palmaris Raya Kebun Batahan Mandailing Natal.

Developing a Consensus Statement to Target Oral Health Inequalities in People With Severe Mental Illness.

Oral diseases are more prevalent in people with severe mental illness (SMI) compared to those without mental illnees. A greater focus on oral health is needed to reverse unacceptable but often neglected oral health inequality in people with SMI. This provided the impetus for developing 'The Right to Smile' consensus statement. We aimed to develop and disseminate a consensus statement to address oral health inequality, highlighting the main areas for concern and recommending an evidence-based 5-year action plan to improve oral health in people with SMI. The Right to Smile consensus statement was developed by experts from several professional disciplines and practice settings (mental, dentaland public health) and people with lived experience, including carers. Stakeholders participated in a series of online workshops to develop a rights-based consensus statement. Subsequent dissemination activities were conducted to maximise its reach and impact. The consensus statement was developed to focus on how oral health inequalities could be addressed through a set of 5-year improvement targets for practice, policyand training. The consensus was reached on three 5-year action plans: 'Any assessment of physical health in people experiencing SMI must include consideration of oral health', 'Access to dental services for people with SMI needs to improve' and 'The importance of oral health for people experiencing SMI should be recognised in healthcare training, systems, and structures'. This consensus statement urges researchers, servicesand policymakers to embrace a 5-year action plan to improve oral health for people with SMI. The team included people with lived experience of SMI, their carers/family membersand mental and dental health service providers. They were involved in every stage of developing the consensus statement, from conception to development and dissemination.

Study of the rolling wetting behavior of droplets on surfaces with T-shaped microstructures

The regulation of droplet wetting behavior encompasses multiple professional disciplines, and the surface microstructure has become the preferred approach for controlling droplet wetting behavior. Bionic studies have revealed that springtails can effortlessly move in water because of the T-shaped microstructures on their skin, which prompted the design of various T-shaped microstructures to effectively regulate droplet wetting behavior. Although the static wetting theory for T-shaped microstructure surfaces is well understood, the dynamic wetting theory regarding droplet rolling remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the rolling behavior of droplets on inclined surfaces with T-shaped microstructures through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. By analyzing the comprehensive energy transformation and gas-liquid interface morphology during the tilting processes, we revealed the mechanism by which the geometric parameters of the T-shaped microstructures influence the droplet rolling behavior and constructed an energy prediction analysis model for the final droplet morphology. The results showed that reducing the cantilever height, increasing the structural spacing, and enlarging the droplet size facilitated continuous rolling of the droplets. Additionally, we discovered that the driving energy for droplet rolling on inclined surfaces with T-shaped microstructures originates from the surface free energy. The maximum surface free energy of a droplet often occurs when the droplet begins to roll.