Manufacturing Business Research Articles

Insurtech strategies: a comparison of incumbent insurance firms with new entrants

AbstractInsurtech is closely associated with digital transformation by new entrants that seek to disrupt insurance markets. However, the insurtech concept also includes its use by incumbent insurance companies, which are actively deploying a wide variety of insurtech applications to protect their market positions through innovation of their existing business models, e.g. through improved business processes or new insurance services. A theoretical insurtech business innovation model is developed that captures the effects of digital technology in insurance markets by considering innovation as a multi-dimensional concept that encompasses business processes, novel insurance products and changes to the insurance value chain. This framework is applied to an empirical sample of digital leaders: three incumbents and four new entrants. The results illustrate a variety of insurtech applications that include the transformation of business processes, products and new types of value chain configuration, as well as relatively minor enhancements to existing systems and business practices. It is shown that all the new entrants exploit artificial intelligence, big data and digital technology to build brand-new insurance services that emphasise innovative product features, high customer value and a delightful customer experience. In contrast, the legacy insurance firms tend to use digital technology in a defensive manner, e.g. the enhancement of existing insurance services, distribution channels and market positions. The exception is the launch of a telematics insurance service by an incumbent firm, where the telematics insurance effectively operates as a standalone business within a legacy insurance firm. The theory model is effective at analysing and evaluating both the type and magnitude of innovation. The case studies make an empirical contribution by illustrating state-of-the-art innovation by insurance disruptors and contrasts this with the defensive and sometimes novel digital strategies of incumbent firms. Future trends and research opportunities are outlined.

Place and sense of place in local manufacturing: How local fashion and textile companies in Norway work with and through place-based tensions

The study examines: (1) how place-based organizational tensions arise in the context of local textile and fashion manufacturing, and (2) the strategies employed to address these tensions. Based on interviews with owners and/or managers from Norwegian textile and fashion companies, the study identifies three main categories of place-based tensions: (1) Mission: Belonging vs Performing; (2) Spatial: Belonging vs Organizing; and (3) Competence: Belonging versus Learning. Moreover, the study identifies four interrelated coping strategies used by actors to tackle place-based tensions and strengthen the position of local manufacturing in the global fashion industry. The findings contribute to the existing literature by identifying the key place-based tensions linked to local manufacturing business models and the steps taken by actors to address these oppositional demands in everyday organizational practices. Additionally, the study adds nuance to our understanding of how attachment to place can support organizational change toward practicing sustainability.

THE ROLE OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF BUSINESS PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS IN THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE

Introduction. After Ukraine’s victory in the war, it will be necessary to build a new economy of the country, which will be stronger and more stable than before the war. For this, the quality of business processes and products must be high. The modern trend of the market economy: the product must be made in such a way, which is justified economically, ecologically and socially. In the conditions of the war and post-war reconstruction, ensuring high quality should become a national idea, which will allow the rapid recovery of Ukraine's economy. The purpose of the study is to justify the important role of improving the quality of business processes and products in the conditions of Industry 5.0 and the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Research methods. To obtain scientific results, the historical method, theoretical generalization, induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis were used in the research. Result. In the process of research, the development of approaches to quality management was considered in the historical aspect in the context of industrial revolutions. Industry 5.0 is a concept that seeks to combine human abilities, advanced technologies and care for the environment and bring them back into production. The processes of ensuring the high quality of the company's products, environmentalization of production, and digitization of activities play a decisive role in the transition of enterprises to the principles of Industry 5.0. The primary role is assigned to human resources. Success on the market, victory over competition and sustainable development can be achieved by enterprises that have ensured systematic quality management, which enables the production of high-quality, environmentally safe products in an ethical manner, and have also been able to green, digitize and humanize the process of designing, manufacturing and selling products that issued, or services provided. Quality 5.0 is a combination of comprehensive quality management with the concept of sustainable development, which is based on the trinity of economic, environmental and social spheres. Conclusions. For the post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy, the high quality of business processes and products should become a national idea. This will allow enterprises to switch to the principles of Industry 5.0. Quality management in the conditions of Industry 5.0 should be human-centered and eco-economic. Comprehensive quality management is being merged with methods of greening production and digitalization of activities, which makes it possible to produce high-quality products in a transparent and ethical way and meet the requirements of all stakeholders – consumers, shareholders and the company's own staff, state bodies and local communities. Keywords: Industry 5.0; quality; environmentalization; digitalization; human resources.

Integrating Six Sigma Principles towards Multi-Objective Production Planning for Enhanced Quality in the Al Kharj Manufacturing Sector

Effective production planning and creating high-quality items are two of the most critical factors in establishing long-term success in the manufacturing business. This study presents Goal Programming (GP), a Multi-Objective Optimization technique for decision-making issues, incorporating Six Sigma concepts to tackle the industrial sector's complex production planning problems. The aim is to provide a systematic framework for decision-making, ensuring a comprehensive approach to quality engineering in manufacturing processes. The current study entails considerable practical implications regarding the fridge industry in specific practical ways. Production planning was enhanced by evaluating market demand, manufacturing costs, and sales data using LINGO. Deploying Six Sigma to find the limits on demand, helped reduce production costs while making additional revenue from sales. Sensitivity analysis revealed that by the following year, the firm is expected to have decreased manufacturing costs by 13.13% to minimize expenses, while it is also anticipated to have reduced sales by 1.12% to maximize revenue. The GP technique demonstrated that the Al Kharj fridge industry could optimize sales revenue and costs. The suggestions provided based on these findings are actionable and have the potential to be effectively implemented in the industrial sector.

Apakah Financial Behavior dan Intellectual Capital Memengaruhi Kinerja dan Sustainability UMKM di Kabupaten Pasuruan?

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have been recognized in the world view because they have a vital role in economic development in developed and developing countries. According to Law Number 20 of 2008 which defines that MSMEs or Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are productive businesses owned by individuals or groups which have met certain criteria set by this law. Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (Kemenkop UMKM) in 2023, there will be positive growth of MSMEs with 8.71 million units and Indonesia's GDP will reach 19,588 trillion rupiah in 2022. Therefore, optimal performance of MSMEs is necessary for sustainability and economic growth. The aim of this research is to determine and measure the influence of financial behavior and intellectual capital on the performance and sustainability of MSMEs in Pasuruan Regency. The sample selection in this study used purposive sampling of 64 fostered MSMEs in Pasuruan district. For statistical tests and data processing, use SmartPLS 4.0 by looking at the outer model and inner model values.

Human Capital and the Upward Occupational Mobility of Rural Migrant Workers in China

Research on the human capital and occupational mobility of Chinese rural migrant workers often focuses on how formal education is linked to upward mobility, and rarely accounts for the heterogeneity in the origin occupations. Conditioning on origin occupations, this study uses multivariable logistic regression models to explore the relationship between four human capital factors including formal education, professional training, professional certificates and the knowledge of foreign languages, and the likelihood of upward occupational mobility among rural migrant workers in the urban labor market in China. The findings confirmed the overall positive associations between human capital and upward occupational mobility, net of family background and demographic characteristics. Nevertheless, heterogeneous marginal effects exist for different human capital factors. Formal education is associated with the upward mobility of migrant workers whose first occupations are professional technicians. Foreign language proficiency is associated with the upward mobility for those with an origin occupation of industrial production personnel or business and service personnel. There is evidence for cohort differences, that foreign language proficiency is associated with the upward mobility of the older cohort with an occupational origin of industrial production personnel, and of the younger cohort with an occupational origin of business personnel, whereas high school degree only matters for the older cohort. This study contributes understanding to the mobility and stratification literature by: 1) distinguishing between four human capital factors including formal education, professional training, certificates, and foreign language proficiency, and revealing the heterogeneity in their relationship with upward mobility; 2) providing an innovative empirical approach to understand the relationship between human capital and occupational mobility that accounts for the origin and destination occupations of mobility; 3) contributing a life course perspective by revealing the link between origin and destination occupations, between education and employment, between the younger and older cohort, and between structural barriers (or incentives) and individual agency for human capital investment.

Yield of Bunches of Fresh Oil Palm Fruits (Elaeis Guineenses JACQ.) Grown in Pará: Barrier to Illegal Transport

Objective: The goal of this study was to generate technical and scientific information to support the inspection of transportation of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm in the state of Pará and to estimate the average yield curve (AYC) of FFB of varieties of oil palm cultivated in the municipalities of Pará. Theoretical framework: Theories about limited rationality and asymmetric information was applied to production and commercialization negotiations of FFB oil palm in the state of Pará. Econometric modelling and statistical tests were used to estimate the AY curve and to compare the sample averages among the business production, family farming, and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Results and conclusion: The maximum AY of FFB oil palm were estimated for the state of Pará, Brazil (16.27 ± 1.46 t/ha), and to the most productive variety, Compacta-Nigeria (23.86 ± 2.24 t/ha). It was evident that AY of FFB for the Family farmers (average 22.63 ± 3.17 t/ha) was higher than that obtained by companies (average of 17.10 ± 4.05 t/ha) and that reported by IBGE (average of 15.98 ± 1.25 t/ha). The IBGE data are not different or superior to those of companies. Research implications: The study estimated the FFB oil palm AY curve by variety cultivated in the state of Pará to enable the traceability of FFB oil palm production and transportation. It validates IBGE data as a mechanism for monitoring the transit of CFF. Originality/value: The CFF yield curve adds unprecedented scientific knowledge to support the traceability of oil palm production. The data provided by this research contributes to reduce the information asymmetry, and to improve the efficiency of chain Governance.

Sustainable Entrepreneurship Development Training for Sindangheula Community in Utilizing Village Potential

Sindangheula Village is one of the villages in Indonesia that has great local economic potential, especially as a center for producing broomsticks. However, although broomstick production in Sindangheula Village has great market potential, business management and development still face various challenges, especially in terms of product innovation, business management, and effective marketing strategies. Based on these potentials and challenges, this study aims to measure the extent to which this training has an impact on improving the economic and social welfare of the village community. The community service method used in sustainable entrepreneurship training in Sindangheula Village consists of initial observation, theory and practice training, business mentoring, and evaluation. The implementation of the community service program in the form of sustainable entrepreneurship training for the Sindangheula Village community has had a positive impact, namely increasing community understanding of entrepreneurship, technical skills, product innovation, and digital marketing strategies. With the formation of business groups, collaboration occurs between community members in the production process, distribution, and product marketing.

Productivity and growth decomposition: a novel single-index smooth-coefficient stochastic frontier approach

Abstract Our paper investigates productivity, output growth and total factor productivity (TFP) growth using a novel single-index smooth-coefficient stochastic frontier approach and two firm-level datasets respectively from the high technology (high-tech) manufacturing and Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) sectors in Norway. The approach considers input productivity and technical inefficiency to be flexible functions of production environmental variables indexed with unknown parameters for more precise estimation of marginal effects of these variables on the frontier and inefficiency. Output growth is decomposed into technical change (TC), input-driven component (IDC) and efficiency change (EC), while TFP growth is decomposed into TC, scale component and EC. The primary objective is to (i) maximise output through the frontier and efficiency channels and (ii) enhance productivity growth through such channels as technical progress and efficiency improvement, specifically tailored for the manufacturing and services industries. The empirical results reveal substantial heterogeneity in technology across firms. Overall speaking, geographical industrial concentration, export intensity and urbanisation positively influence output in both sectors. Technical progress contributes to TFP growth in both sectors; however, TC is biased towards capital in the high-tech sector and driven by labour in the KIBS sector. In addition to TC, TFP growth in the high-tech and KIBS sectors also benefits from EC and IDC, respectively.

The Effect of Business Location and Product Diversity on Consumer Intention to Purchase

<p>This study aimed to determine the effect of location of business and product diversity on purchasing intention. The population was all customers of the Lokapita Semarang Knitting Business Group. The research sample was set at 100 people. The determination of sample members used the Purposive Sampling technique, while the data collection technique used a questionnaire. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regressions. The results showed that location and product diversity can explain consumer purchasing interest. The further finding showed that location and product diversity had a positive effect on purchasing intention statistically acceptable. The managerial implication of the study is a better product and business location should be developed so that consumers will view buying products at the corporate.</p>

SELECTION OF TOOLS AND MACHINING PARAMETERS FOR PIPE WALLS

This review paper examines the techniques and factors involved in pipe wall processing, with a focus on the essential technologies utilized in this field. The study revealed crucial elements, such as ASTM A350-LF2 Class 1 carbon steel, renowned for its exceptional mechanical qualities and ability to withstand low temperatures. An exhaustive analysis has been conducted on the chemical makeup of this steel to comprehend its capacity to adjust and endure in various operational environments. The study focused on examining several particle separation processes, including as turning, milling, drilling, and grinding, in order to determine the exact equipment and criteria needed for each technique. The cooling and lubricating process received particular emphasis, with thorough investigation of several agents, including CASTROL HYSOL T15, and their impact on surface quality and tool longevity. The utilization of these compounds has been discovered to substantially decrease tool temperature and enhance machining quality. Upon closer examination of the processing techniques specified in section A-A of the tube wall, it was determined that advanced procedures such as floating plug drawing and micro-sized spiral tube hydroforming were discovered. These techniques allow the attainment of superior surface quality and precise dimensions, which are crucial for guaranteeing the structural integrity of the pipe. Cutting tools, processing equipment, and coolants and lubricants are essential components in the manufacturing of pipe walls. Nanoparticulate cooling and lubrication systems, which are advanced technologies, have demonstrated their effectiveness in minimizing friction and heat during machining. As a result, these systems enhance productivity and prolong the lifespan of tools. According to the article, the essential components for attaining high-quality manufacture of pipe walls are cutting tools, processing equipment, and coolants and lubricants. Additional study is advised to enhance processing parameters, create eco-friendly coolants and lubricants, and utilize artificial intelligence for predictive modeling and optimization of processing. This establishes the groundwork for future research and innovation in the pipe wall production business, with the objective of attaining enhanced efficiency and sustainability in production processes.

Data and contemporary economics: role, paradox and development

PurposeA more accurate comprehension of data elements and the exploration of new laws governing contemporary data in both theoretical and practical domains constitute a significant research topic.Design/methodology/approachBased on the perspective of evolutionary economics, this paper re-examines economic history and existing literature to study the following: changes in the “connotation of production factors” in economics caused by the evolution of production factors; the economic paradoxes formed by data in the context of social production processes and business models, which traditional theoretical frameworks fail to solve; the disruptive innovation of classical theory of value by multiple theories of value determination and the conflicts between the data market monopoly as well as the resulting distribution of value and the real economic society. The research indicates that contemporary advancements in data have catalyzed transformative innovation within the field of economics.FindingsThe research indicates that contemporary advancements in data have catalyzed disruptive innovation in the field of economics.Originality/valueThis paper, grounded in academic research, identifies four novel issues arising from contemporary data that cannot be adequately addressed within the confines of the classical economic theoretical framework.

NEO-INDUSTRIALIZATION AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN BRAZIL

Neoindustrialization represents a significant evolution of traditional industry, marked by the adoption of disruptive technologies that transform production processes and business models geared towards Industry 5.0. The concept of Neoindustrialization has gained relevance in contemporary economic and technological debates. This term refers to a new phase of industrial development characterized by the advanced integration of digital technologies, automation, artificial intelligence and sustainable innovation. At the same time, intellectual property emerges as a crucial pillar, playing a central role in protecting and promoting the innovations that drive this transformation. These changes bring significant benefits, such as increased productivity, reduced costs and the creation of new markets. However, they also present challenges, such as the need to retrain the workforce and adapt existing infrastructures. The methodology used to conduct the research was the qualitative, quantitative and bibliographic method. The objective of this research was to identify which actions within the NIB are geared towards Intellectual Property policy.

EDUCATION ON TEMPE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AS PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION AT TEMPE RADJA, JABAL NUR MOSQUE, SENTUL, BOGOR

Tempeh is a fermented food that is typical of Indonesian culture. Tempeh is produced from the fermentation process and is produced using soybeans which is the most popular source of vegetable protein in the world. The development of tempeh products in various MSMEs needs to be carried out further to increase the potential of tempeh. The partner of this activity is Tempe Producer with the Radja Tempe brand. Radja Tempe is a tempeh production business unit managed by the Tahfiz Qur'an Islamic Boarding School, Sentul City Muslim Foundation located at the Jabal Nur Sentul City Mosque, Jl. MH. Thamrin, Cijayanti. The activity will be held in May 2024. This PKM stage consists of 1) Identification of Partner Needs, 2) Review materials according to Partner needs, 3) Preparation of Educational Materials, 4) Educational Activities, 5) Evaluation of Program Knowledge, Attitudes and Benefits. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out, it was found that there was an increase in the average knowledge of participants who in the pre-test had a knowledge value of 80.42±10.83, which increased during the post-test with a knowledge value of 85.83±8.81. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the results of the study show that there is a significant difference in participants' knowledge before and after educational activities (p<0.05). This significant difference shows that the knowledge value of participants after educational activities is higher than the value of participants before educational activities are carried out.

Business Process Clustering in Small and Medium Manufacturing Industries Based on Enterprise Resource Planning Concepts: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract Business process management has become increasingly important in the manufacturing sector, playing a vital role in fostering productivity and facilitating organizational adaptability to technological advancements. Although each company’s business process models vary in uniqueness and complexity, certain similarities can be identified from these differences. This study employs a systematic literature review to aggregate and summarize findings on business process models, modeling languages, clustering techniques, and foundational clustering principles. Results demonstrate the dearth of research on the grouping of business process models in the manufacturing industry. Several studies have focused on sectors such as services, trading, and insurance. Research specifically addressing clustering in the manufacturing sector is limited. Existing clustering efforts in manufacturing revolve around groupings related to product defects, industrial locations, business ecosystems, and similar factors. Analysis of the methods, scope, and criteria used in grouping business process models in the manufacturing industry indicates that most approaches rely on structural or graphic similarities. Follow-up research is lacking once these business process clusters are identified. This study proposes a novel approach to grouping, integrating business process modeling with the implementation of a management information system. Business process management relies on integrating departments within the company through an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. The next step involves proposing a conceptual framework to categorize business processes and assess the comparability of models in the manufacturing sector. Future research directions are also delineated.

Environmental management and its effect on innovation and export performance: Empirical research in Chinese manufacturing companies

This study investigates the role of Chinese manufacturing firms in implementing Environmental Management Systems (EMS) to understand how these practices impact export performance and the mediating and moderating effects of innovation. Using structural equation modeling on data from 226 Chinese manufacturing businesses, our findings indicate that EMS indirectly enhances export performance through innovation. This research provides significant contributions to general management by integrating EMS and innovation within the strategic framework of manufacturing firms, offering insights for enhancing competitive advantage and sustainability in global markets. The findings also present practical implications for managers to leverage EMS and innovation for improved business outcomes and sustainable practices.

Study of decaffeination and business risk feasibility: Arabica and Robusta Arjuno coffee beans by anaerobic fermentation using Rhizopus oligosporus

Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producer in the world. However, coffee is generally sold in its original form, even though the diversification products of coffee, such as decaffeinated coffee, have a higher selling price. One of the coffee-producing areas in Indonesia is Malang-East Java which has superior coffee commodities and does not yet have diversified products, such as Arjuno coffee (Arabica and Robusta) originating from the Mount Arjuno area. In this work, the decaffeination of Arabica and Robusta Arjuno coffee was conducted through anaerobic fermentation by Rhizopus oligosporus. An analysis of the business feasibility and production risk was also carried out. The results showed that caffeine content in the coffee significantly decreased with fermentation time. The caffeine content in Arabica and Robusta Arjuno coffee beans after 72 hrs of fermentation declined by 19.9% and 57.8% to 2.3% and 1.7%, respectively. Fermentation did not significantly change the physical of the beans but enriched the taste of coffee, where the flavor was strongly affected by the fermentation time. The analysis of the business feasibility and production risk showed that the decaffeinated Arabica and Robusta Arjuno coffee business provides a profit seven times higher than the existing coffee business.

Analisis Social Media Marketing dan Sales Promotion Terhadap Minat Beli UMKM Sweet Ice

The development of technology and social media has accelerated rapidly, it is not wrong if this condition is an opportunity for business actors to use it as a marketing medium for their business products to reach more consumers. Sweet Ice Tempuran is an MSME in the culinary sector that implements social media platforms as an effort to attract and reach more consumers. This study intends to analyze the influence of social media marketing and sales promotion on purchasing interest. This study involved 96 consumers from MSME Sweet Ice. The data collection technique used was through the use of a questionnaire; and data analysis was carried out by applying hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS 25.0. The results of this study show that partially, the variables social media marketing (X1) and sales promotion (X2) have a positive and significant influence on purchase interest (Y). And simultaneously the variables social media marketing (X1) and sales promotion (X2) have a significant effect on purchase interest (Y) by 52.6%, while other results are influenced by other variables.

ANALISIS PENERAPAN AKAD MUDHARABAH DAN WADI’AH PRODUK HAJJ BUSINESS DI CIMB NIAGA SYARIAH SURABAYA

Purpose– Sales Representatives play a vital role in the sales of Hajj Business products at CIMB Niaga Syariah. Their duties include promoting the products, explaining them to potential customers, and ensuring compliance with mudharabah and wadiah contracts throughout the sales process. Understanding how well Sales Representatives comprehend and apply these contracts in their sales practices is crucial for maintaining the integrity and success of Hajj Business products. Design/methodology– This study employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Primary data was obtained through direct observation and documentation of the sales process conducted by the sales team. Three data collection techniques were used: observation, case studies, and documentation, to gain a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the Hajj package sales process. Findings - The findings indicate that one key factor contributing to the stability of Hajj investments is the well-planned and meticulous management of funds. this study emphasizes the significant role of Sales Representatives in promoting and selling Hajj Business products and ensuring adherence to mudharabah and wadiah contracts at every stage of the sales process.

CO-CREATION VALUE AS A TOOLS TO FACILITATE AND A GUIDELINES TO ENHANCE INNOVATION DESIGN LEARNING THROUGH CLASSROOM TEACHING AND LEARNING

This research conducted to explore and understand more about involvement of co-creation value approach towards innovation learning process. Though, teaching and learning conducted with effective pedagogy, however co-creation value have been introduced to enhance student capacity towards innovation design process. Alternatively, a few known techniques have been introduced to students, which further theyre capability to create innovative template. The techniques mentioned above borrowed from service design method which included User Journey Mapping and User persona. Though, co-creation techniques which involve customer centric such as Unique Value Propositions have been introduced. These known techniques have been borrowed from Alexander Osterwalder theory on innovative concept and competitive strategy for business. This techniques and skills were introduced due to its capability to involve customer in the production process. Hence similar concept to co-creation approach theoretically, the proposed techniques and skills borrowed from Alexander Osterwalder is the key point for innovative design and competitive business study.Whereby, student is instruct to imagine company future direction by interact with the client. Somehow, it is necessary for students to communicate with client in regards of mapping the existing system of their business and company production. Results of client inside knowledge together with information require student embark into journey of User Journey Mapping by creating User persona/ profiles at first.