Productive Area Of Research Research Articles

148 The equine dermal microbiome: State of the science

Abstract Equine microbiome research has rapidly moved from a fledgling field to a thriving and productive area of research. Impacts to the equine gastrointestinal microbiome have been examined related to travel, antibiotic administration, meal size, fiber type, breed, sex and nutrient level. Although advances in this field are exciting, data related to the dermal microbiota are sorely lacking. Conducting equine microbiome research presents unique challenges and opportunities. Coordination for data collection in conjunction with other studies will be reviewed. Diet is widely recognized as a significant modulating factor to the microbiome and will be reviewed as a potential consideration in equine dermal microbiome research. This presentation will highlight the limited data available on equine dermal microbiota and identify potential areas for further examination. Studies reporting the characteristics of equine dermal measures will be discussed and gaps in current understanding will be identified. Specific conditions including equine pastern dermatitis as well as wound dressing methods will be examined, and a discussion of future works will be included. Dermatological studies of the microbiome in humans and canines will be examined as a potential map for the future of equine dermal microbiome research. As microbiome research continues to evolve, its impact on equine health has become increasingly apparent. The skin functions as a protective organ and is the first line of defense against pathogenic invasion and immune function support. It is home to bacteria, fungi and viruses with many roles similar to those of the gastrointestinal microbiome. This presentation will highlight the critical need for increased understanding of the dermal microbiome in conjunction with current equine gastrointestinal microbiome studies.

Review on Object Identification Using Mobile Camera System

Abstract: Over the past 20 years, object detection has developed into a productive research area and an extensively used task in computer vision. It aims to rapidly and simply find many different things in a given image using specified categories. Based on the training model approach, the algorithms can be separated into two groups: One is the detection single-stage algorithms. The other is the detection of two-stage algorithms. In this study, sample processes for every stage are briefly announced. Following a review and discussion of several fundamental techniques, this article introduces public and proprietary datasets that are often used in object detection. Thus, the challenges in object recognition are noted.

Global Trends in Blue Carbon Research in Mangroves

Objective: To identify the central themes and research trends on blue carbon in mangroves through a bibliometric analysis of the existing global scientific literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: A total of 1,128 scientific documents from the period 1986-2023 were analyzed, obtained from the Scopus database. The Bibliometrix package in R Studio and VOSviewer were used for processing. Results: The results, encompassing 4,602 authors, 94 countries, 64 research areas, and 346 journals, indicated an exponential growth (R² = 0.99) in mangrove carbon research. The most productive author, country, research area, and journal were Lovelock, L. C., the United States of America, environmental sciences, and Science of The Total Environment, respectively. The studies focused on four thematic clusters: carbon storage, sedimentation, carbon dynamics, and climate change and anthropogenic impact. Topics related to blue carbon, carbon stores, climate change, restoration, and remote sensing are currently of significant interest to the scientific community. Study Limitations/Implications: While Scopus covers a vast number of peer-reviewed journals, it may omit some relevant research on the topic. Although the main research themes were identified, more in-depth information on each of them is still needed. Findings/Conclusions: Four globally relevant themes in blue carbon research in mangroves were identified, providing a roadmap for researchers to strategically direct efforts and funding in future scientific investigations.

Expanding information behaviour boundaries: A study with religious leaders

Information behaviour is a very productive research area in information science, although some study contexts are still little explored, such as religious and spiritual practices, particularly related to minority religions. Thus, this study investigated the information behaviour of religious leaders of Santo Daime, a religion originating in the Brazilian Amazon. Exploratory research with a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews with four leaders of the doctrine were carried out. The most used sources of information were documents about the Daime religion, personal experience, contact with other leaders and the institution. Information was sought to guide the participants in their rituals, solve administrative problems, improve their knowledge and strengthen their faith. Used in a critical, reflective and creative way, it seeks coherence with the Daimist principles. The findings may contribute to the understanding of the information behaviour of this little-studied social group and the appreciation of cultural and religious diversity in society.

Development of Digital Platform Economy and Problems of Regulation in European Union

The ongoing growth of e-commerce has been changing the incentives and character of interaction between market participants at different levels of the vertical production chain. During the last 10 years, these trends have been attracting the attention of European antitrust and became a productive area of economic research. The altering nature of competition and the role of market participants influenced by the development of digital platforms have become the reference point for the emerging of new varieties of vertical restraints such as cross-platform parity agreements (across-platforms parity agreements). These types of agreements creates new incentives for firms. This was a challenge for the European Commission in the light of the preparation of the next edition of regulatory documents determining the legality of the application of vertical restrictive agreements, such as Vertical Block Exemption Regulation - "VBER" and Vertical Guidelines – "Guidelines for the Regulation of vertical restrictive agreements". We find it extremely interesting to identify to what extent the final versions of these regulatory documents took into account the opinions of judges, market participants and the academic community, who actively participated in identifying the most complex aspects of vertical interaction between firms and the growing role of digital platforms in this interaction.

TYPES OF SPEECH ACTIVITIES AT THE STAGES OF LEARNING THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: DIRECTIONS AND PROSPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

The main directions of scientific research into one of the important parts of the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language as a science – teaching speech activities – are considered. It is proved that the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language at the latest stage of development has a strong scientific theoretical basis and numerous achievements of practicing teachers. The content of the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language covers several links: the basics of teaching methods, methods of teaching phonetics, vocabulary, grammar in a foreign audience. The methodology of teaching speech activities not only completes this structure in the professional and methodological training of teachers of Ukrainian as a foreign language within the specialization “Ukrainian as a foreign language”, but also meets the requirements of the communicative method of teaching. Speech activity is considered as an active, purposeful process of transmitting or perceiving information, which is realized in the types of speech activity – speaking, writing, reading and listening. The article summarizes the scientific problems of productive and receptive types of speech activity, which are the subject of numerous scientific works (dissertations, monographs, scientific articles) by Ukrainian linguists. The author emphasizes the unanimous approval in the scientific field of the principle of interrelated teaching of speech activities. Attention is drawn to the study of general theoretical issues related to each type and specific problems concerning the textual basis of teaching (dialogue/monologue, reading text, audio text, written composition), disclosure of the methodological potential of specific genres of texts, techniques and methods of working with them for foreigners of different age, specialty and native language. The most productive areas of scientific research – speaking and reading – have been identified, which demonstrate the growth of communicative and pragmatic motivation of foreigners in learning Ukrainian as a foreign language and the need for scientific understanding of the teaching process. Prospects for scientific research involving the use of translation as an activity, as well as solving the problem of unifying terms within the methodology of teaching speech activities are outlined. Key words: linguodidactics, methods of teaching speech activities, speaking, reading, listening, writing.

The dynamical analysis of a low computational cost family of higher-order fractional iterative method

Fractional calculus has been more important in many fields of science and engineering in recent years. It has developed into an engaging and productive area of mathematical research. In this article, our goal is to investigate how these derivatives with fractional orders affect how close nonlinear equations zeros are to being true. The present work examines the higher-order family of iterative techniques that use Caputo and Conformable fractional derivatives of at least cubic order to identify the roots of a nonlinear equations. Moreover, the higher-order Conformable fractional iterative methods perform better when the order of derivative lies .

Gate-Tunable Highly Efficient Spin and Valley Quantum Heat Engine in a Magnetic Tunnel Junction Based on Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides

Recently, the nanoscale quantum heat engine (QHE) has become one of the most productive areas of research, due to its role as a conduit for excess heat. Regarding the low thermal conductance and suitable structural properties of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), here, we design a highly efficient spin and valley QHE in a normal-ferromagnetic-normal TMD-based tunnel junction. Spin splitting caused by the exchange field and the huge spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of TMDs leads to a remarkable spin-valley--dependent Seebeck coefficient with a sharp peak at $E\ensuremath{\approx}{E}_{F}$. Application of the gate voltage changes the bands from conduction to valence; thus, a remarkable spin-valley--dependent Seebeck and conductance are observed, leading to a large gate- and exchange-field-tunable spin- and valley-dependent maximum power, which is greatly enhanced compared to other two-dimensional materials such as silicene- and graphene-based QHEs. Additionally, a enormous gate-controllable figure of merit and, consequently, a high efficiency at maximum power are achieved in this device, which confirms the advantage of using TMD-based junctions for highly efficient QHEs. These findings may open the door to the design of spin-valley caloritronics devices based on TMDs.

Russian Publications in Web of Science: A bibliometric study

This article presents a bibliometric study of 1.38 million Russian publications indexed in Web of Science as of May 2022 without any restrictions as to document types, time periods, scientific disciplines, etc. From this perspective, the present analysis reflects Russian research’s true presence and visibility in the most prestigious scientific literature database. The main results obtained are: a) There was a rapid increase in research production in the 2010s, but the share of the Russian output in the global research production is still below 3%. b) International collaborative publications account for about 30% of Russian papers but around 70% of Russian citations. c) Physics, chemistry, and engineering are the most productive Russian research areas, but their citation impact is below the world average in those respective fields. d) The most frequently collaborating countries are the United States, Germany, and France, but Canada and Switzerland consistently contribute to the greatest relative citation impact of collaborative papers in the top ten research areas.

PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF DIGITALIZATION OF LOGISTIC OPERATION: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

This paper aims to analyze the digitalization-logistic operation-related literature from 1995 to 2021 using the bibliometric technique. This article analyses 266 papers from the Web of Science database and the database consisted of peer-reviewed journal articles, reviews, and early accesses articles. Moreover, Bibliometrix R-Package software is used to map the bibliographic material. The research revealed that: the number of publications steadily increased after 2017 and Engineering and Business and Economies are the most productive research areas. China, the USA and Germany are the most productive country based on the total publications and total citations. Indeed, when analyzing the academic collaborative relationships among countries, China is the center of international collaboration and mostly works with the UK and the USA. Furthermore, “Sustainability” is the most productive journal, “International Journal of Production Research” has the highest impact factor and “Annals of Operations Research” has the highest total citation. Besides, Jinan University is the most productive institution and Ivanov D. is one of the most academically influential author in the research area. According to keyword analysis, “logistics”, “management” and “performance” keywords are frequently used by authors.

Coinage Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions of ortho-Alkynylaryl and Heteroaryl Aldehydes and Ketones.

Coinage metals have become the metal of choice due to their excellent catalytic activity in organic transformation processes. Combining various chiral ligands and coinage metals became a productive area of research and access to heterocyclic derivatives according to an efficient and sustainable manner. This review was devoted to the various recently developed coinage metal-catalyzed domino processes of ortho-alkynylaryl and heteroaryl aldehydes and ketones leading to functionalized heterocycles. Various gold chiral complexes were presented, and methods of preparations of chromenes along with indoles were covered. Ag-chiral complexes are also prone to interesting activities such as cyclization followed by reduction and functionalization with enolizable ketones or (diazomethyl)phosphonate. Asymmetric Cu-catalyzed domino cyclization and asymmetric transfer hydrogenation reactions efficiently led to functionalized chromenes. Some remarkable examples involving copper associated with ruthenium in the context of a cyclization and asymmetric hydrogenation process were also presented.

Experimental Measurement and Simulation of Railway Track Irregularities

The study of railway dynamics is still a productive area of research given the rapid technological evolution of this transport system regarding load and speed. Morocco is no exception to this rule, especially after the commissioning of the first high-speed line in Africa. This study describes herein an experiment to measure vertical and transverse accelerations in a locomotive on a railroad line connecting the two cities of Mchraa Ben Abbou and Marrakech. The observed accelerations constitute the vehicle's dynamic responses while running at a constant speed on a track with irregularities (also known as track geometry), which is considered the main driving force of train dynamics and the track system. They are used to evaluate passenger comfort and safety. It can also be observed that body accelerations increase with the introduction of track irregularities as compared to a smoother track. In this study, an analysis of these experimental measurements is performed based on boxplot simulations comparing the distributions of the transverse and vertical components of vehicle acceleration. It was found that the medians and first and third quartiles of both distributions are very close. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-10-014 Full Text: PDF

Potential within hydraulic heritage for facing water-related disasters

These days, with the massive changes in climates, the quantity of ecological issues are on a rapid increase. It is asserted that water-related issues represent an enormous piece of the catastrophic events in various regions of the planet. Finding sustainable solutions for future architectural and urban developments in waterfront spaces is currently an essential need and a productive research area. Studying and exploring different examples of hydraulic heritage, could depict that these types of heritage has shown a great deal of sustainability in facing water-related disasters. By analysing a successful example in Iran, this research introduces hydraulic heritage as a potential for learning in order to face water-related disasters. The type of the research is descriptive-analytical which has a qualitative approach. Using available information and factors like images, surveys, books etc., categorizes this paper in field research.

Enhanced nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater via a novel combined process driven by partial nitrification/anammox (PN/A) and partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) with an ultra-low hydraulic retention time (HRT)

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) is a highly productive research area in municipal wastewater treatment. A novel combined process driven by partial nitrification/anammox (PN/A) and partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) was established in this paper using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and two up-flow sludge beds (USBs). Municipal wastewater after carbon removal pretreatment in SBR entered PN/A-USB. PN/A process was initiated and enhanced by optimizing the intermittent aeration mode under low dissolved oxygen (DO). After enhancing and stabilizing the PD/A process, PN/A effluent entered the PD/A-USB along with raw municipal wastewater at a ratio of 4:1 and the combined system was established. Through this, this study achieved a nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 84.9 % from municipal wastewater at an ultra-low total hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 3.9 h. Candidatus Brocadia (1.8 % in PN/A, 1.0 % in PD/A) was the only functional anammox bacterium in the combined process.

Evolution of Interdisciplinary Approaches Among Research-Oriented Universities in Vietnam Toward a Modern Industrial Economy: Exploratory Study.

Vietnam's 2045 development plan requires thorough reforms in science and technology, which underlines the role of research-oriented universities in generating and transforming knowledge. Understanding the current research performance and productivity in Vietnam is important for exploiting future agendas. This study aims to explore the growth patterns and collaborations in the scientific publications of Vietnam. Data on documents in the Web of Science Core Collection database were searched and extracted to examine the research performance in Vietnam. Publication growth patterns in both quantity and quality were examined. The evolution of research disciplines and collaboration networks were also analyzed. Trends in the growth in the number of publications, citations, and average citations per publication between 1966 and 2020 were presented. Temporal tendencies of the 10 most productive research areas in each period were illustrated. VOSviewer software was used to analyze the discipline network, country network, and institution networks. The trends and the geographical distribution of the number of publications and citations were analyzed. A total of 62,752 documents in 8354 different sources from 1966 to 2020 were retrieved. A substantial growth was observed in the Vietnamese scientific output during this period, which was mainly research with international collaboration. Natural sciences such as mathematics, materials science, and physics were the top 3 most productive research fields during 1966-2020 in Vietnam, followed by experimental research fields such as multidisciplinary sciences, plant sciences, public, environmental, and occupational health. In 1966-2020, there was the emergence of multidisciplinary research-oriented universities in both public and private sectors along with a significant increase in the number of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary publications. Although the scientific quality has improved, these publications are still of mostly medium quality as they are concentrated in middle-ranking journals. Our study highlights the notable growth in research performance in terms of both quality and quantity in Vietnam from 1966 to 2020. Building multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research agenda, developing networks of local and international researchers for addressing specific local issues, improving the participation of private sectors, and developing science and technology mechanisms are critical for boosting the research productivity in Vietnam.

A grey zone for bibliometrics: publications indexed in Web of Science as anonymous.

Publications without authorship information have been indexed as anonymous in the Web of Science database over the years. However, discussions on this subject have not been sufficiently addressed in the scholarly literature. Since bibliometrics studies are widely used for bibliometricians, scientific disciplines, science policy, and management, missing significant data as authorship metadata characterizes a gray zone that directly impacts these three components, and by extension, for bibliometrics and scientometrics. With a data collection performed at Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), 1,420,842 documents under “anonymous” authorship from 1900 to 2021 were retrieved, which accounted for 1.5% of the total documents indexed in the WoSCC. The publication data such as yearly growth of research publications, document type, language, productive research areas, and other bibliometric indicators were analyzed. The findings showed that in absolute numbers, a considerable growth of anonymous publications between 1996 and 2009, and there was a downward trend after that. However, this increase has not been proportional to the growth in the total number of publications indexed in the WoSCC. Articles, editorial materials, and news items were the top three document types among the WoSCC-indexed publications as anonymous. This study also finds two main scenarios of indexing publications as anonymous. The first is associated with the historical context of scholarly communication and practices that persist. The second is characterized by indexing persistent problems. This study suggests minimizing the error in databases, enabling an error-free indexing system and accurate bibliometrics studies.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11192-022-04494-4.

INTRODUCTION OF TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINIAN WRITERS OF WESTERN UKRAINE IN EDUCATIONAL EDUCATION

Scientific analysis of the problem of development of pedagogical ideas and educational activities of Ukrainian writers in Western Ukraine (late XVIII - 30s of the XX century) is not only relevant but also a productive area of modern historical and pedagogical research and creative pursuits of educators-practitioners. In the modern educational and pedagogical space of Ukraine there is an active search and testing of effective means of improving the education and upbringing of children and youth in order to develop optimal models of self-realization of the individual. Purposeful activities in this area of schooling also contribute to meeting the creative needs and requests of teachers and the study, systematization and promotion of best pedagogical experience. In order to gain students - future teachers - knowledge of trends in pedagogical ideas and educational activities of Ukrainian writers in Western Ukraine in the late XVIII - 30's of the twentieth century. The main tasks should be singled out - an objective analysis of the retro-experience of trends in pedagogical ideas and educational activities of Ukrainian writers of Western Ukraine in the period under study, coverage of the practice of this process in education, extracurricular, public education. Pedagogical reality dictates a change in views on the content and features of education and competencies that must be mastered by future teachers, taking into account the tasks of the school in understanding the content characteristics of education, upbringing and development of students, as well as systematizing pedagogical ideas and generalizing the experience of Ukrainian writers. - the first third of the twentieth century to highlight the educational potential of their creative heritage in the context of reforming the Ukrainian education system.
 Keywords: competence, pedagogy, tendencies, education system, Western Ukraine, education, upbringing, schooling.

Simplifying Small Area Estimation With rFIA: A Demonstration of Tools and Techniques

The United States (US) Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program operates the national forest inventory of the US. Traditionally, the FIA program has relied on sample-based approaches—permanent plot networks and associated design-based estimators—to estimate forest variables across large geographic areas and long periods of time. These approaches generally offer unbiased inference on large domains but fail to provide reliable estimates for small domains due to low sample sizes. Rising demand for small domain estimates will thus require the FIA program to adopt non-traditional estimation approaches that are capable of delivering defensible estimates of forest variables at increased spatial and temporal resolution, without the expense of collecting additional field data. In light of this challenge, the development of small area estimation (SAE) methods—estimation techniques that support inference on small domains—for FIA data has become an active and highly productive area of research. Yet, SAE methods remain difficult to apply to FIA data, due in part to the complex data structures and survey design used by the FIA program. Herein, we present the potential of rFIA, an open-source R package designed to increase the accessibility of FIA data, to simplify the application of a broad suite of SAE methods to FIA data. We demonstrate this potential via two case studies: (1) estimation of contemporary county-level forest carbon stocks across the conterminous US using a spatial Fay-Herriot model; and (2) temporally-explicit estimation of multi-decadal trends in merchantable wood volume in Washington County, Maine using a Bayesian multi-level model. In both cases, we show the application of SAE techniques offers considerable improvements in precision over FIA's traditional, post-stratified estimators. Finally, we offer a discussion of the potential role that rFIA and other open-source tools might play in accelerating the adoption of SAE techniques among users of FIA data.

Bir Bibliyografik Analiz: 1980'den 2021'e Rüzgar Enerjisi Araştırmalarının Gelişimi ve Evrimi

This paper examined the wind energy literature from 1980 to 2021 using bibliometric technique on the Web of Science database Social Science Citation Index (SSCI). Of 2531 publications, 85.89 % are journal articles, and about 99.17 % are published in English. In addition that, the “Environmental Sciences & Ecology” is the most productive research area. The USA is the most productive country based on the total publications, H-index and total citation. Indeed, when to analyze the academic collaborative relationships among countries, the USA and UK are the center of international collaboration and mostly work with China, Spain and Denmark respectively. Furthermore, “Energy Policy” is the most productive journal and “Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews” journal has the highest impact factor. Institution performance analysis is to reveal that the Holland, America, England and China universities are more active in the wind energy researches. Moreover, Devine-Wright P. is the most academically influential author in the wind energy. The article with the highest total citations is titled “Beyond NIMBY’ism: towards an integrated framework for understanding public perceptions of wind energy.” According to keyword cooperation analysis, “power”, “wind energy” and “renewable energy” have the highest link strength among other keywords.

Crack Initiation and Propagation in Dual-phase Steels Through Crystal Plasticity and Cohesive Zone Frameworks

Ferrite-martensite dual-phase (DP) steels have become popular in weight-reduced automotive components due to their straightforward thermomechanical processing and excellent mechanical properties. Even though it has been a popular and productive area of research, there are still many open questions related to their interesting microstructure. Being composed of brittle martensitic clusters dispersed in a ductile ferrite matrix, DP steels benefit from the properties of both phases, which induce interesting failure mechanisms at the same time. The microstructural parameters such as martensite volume fraction, grain size, carbon content, martensite/ferrite morphology, ferrite grain size, and texture, as well as micro and mesoscale segregation, make them difficult to analyze. However these aspects have to be studied in order to link the underlying microstructural influence to macroscopic behaviour. Therefore, the modelling techniques at the microstructure scale should be utilized for physical understanding. In this work, a multi scale modeling strategy is followed for the analysis of plastic deformation and failure in DP steels. A rate-dependent crystal plasticity framework and the isotropic J2 plasticity model are employed for the simulation of the plastic deformation in ductile ferrite phase and in the hard martensite phase respectively at the RVE scale. Moreover, the intergranular cracking is studied by the incorporation of a cohesive zone model at the ferrite-martensite grain boundaries and the failure in martensite phase is addressed through a ductile failure model. The effect of microstructural parameters on both plastic and fracture behaviour is analyzed under axial loading conditions.