Production Of ZnO Nanoparticles Research Articles

Ionic Liquids as an Efficient Reaction Medium in the Robust Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles

Aim:: Ionic liquids belong to the class of green solvents and are distinguished by their simple yet distinctive physical properties that are related to their structure. These properties include their remarkable thermal stability, exceptional thermal conductivity, and negligible vapor pressure. Additionally, they are suitable and inert for a wide range of catalytic applications. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have been considered a cost-effective choice that requires modest reaction conditions to provide a high yield of the required products with remarkable selectivity in a short amount of time. Consequently, an investigation into the synthesis of ZnO-NPs in an ionic liquid medium has been attempted in the current work. Background:: The synthesis of metal nanoparticles using highly tunable ionic liquids is being investigated for many pharmacological applications and their usage in catalysis. Objectives:: In this context, the current work has used the co-precipitation approach to synthesize ZnO-NPs. The production of ZnO nanoparticles with a range of morphologies utilizing an imidazolium ionic liquid system has been the main topic of discussion. Methods:: The co-precipitation method has successfully been administered for the synthesis of morphologically diverse nano-crystalline ZnO particles using different ionic liquids, such as 1-propyl- 3-methylimidazolium bromide (pmim)(Br), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([bmim][Br]), and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (hmim)(Br) as an additive Results:: Modern analytical tools, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and FT-IR absorption spectroscopy have been employed to confirm the structure of these ZnO nanoparticles. The IR absorption peak below 480 cm-1 and the XRD pattern showed all the peaks in the diffraction diagram, revealing the formation of ZnO-NPs. FE-SEM images showed various morphologies of ZnO-NPs and they have been found to be separated from the agglomerated clusters. Conclusion:: The characteristic results have revealed ionic liquids to have substantial effects on the size of the zinc nano-species as well as provide the appropriate environment for the growth of the nanoparticles.

Novel Chitosan-ZnO nanocomposites derived from Nymphaeaceae fronds for highly efficient removal of Reactive Blue 19, Reactive Orange 16, and Congo Red dyes

The primary aim of this investigation was to synthesise novel adsorbent by incorporating greenly synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles into chitosan matrix (G-ZnO-Cs). The production of ZnO Nanoparticles via a green approach involved the utilization of extracts derived from Nymphaeaceae fronds. This assertion was substantiated by the application of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analytical techniques. Several Analytical methods such as Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), FESEM, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), XRD, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and point-of-zero charge determination were used to characterize G-ZnO-Cs. Further study investigates the impact of five key processing parameters, namely pH, interaction duration, G-ZnO-Cs dosage, temperature, and initial concentration of dyes, on the removal of three organic dyes Reactive Blue 19 (RB 19), Reactive Orange 16 (RO 16), and Congo Red (CR) The adsorption process of Reactive Blue 19 (RB 19), Reactive Orange 16 (RO 16), and Congo Red (CR) dyes on G-ZnO-Cs were determined to comply to the pseudo-second-order (PSO) and Langmuir models, as determined through equilibrium and kinetic experiments. The highest adsorption capabilities for RB 19, RO 16 and CR dye were revealed to be 219.6 mg/g, 129.6 mg/g, and 118.8 mg/g, respectively. The elimination success rate of the fixed-bed column approach for treating huge volumes was highlighted in the conducted research. Moreover, the G-ZnO-Cs composite exhibited significant reusability due to its ability to undergo elution and simultaneous regeneration processes.

A Study on the Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Activities of Chitosan–ZnO Nanocomposites

ZnO nanoparticles can have their size, crystalline phase and aggregation inhibited by the biocompatible polymer chitosan. The production of ZnO nanoparticles with chitosan assistance was carried out using Sol-gel methodology. The nanoparticles have been studied using XRD, TGA, Surface analysis and HR-TEM. According to the findings, ZnO nanoparticles have a hexagonal shape and a particle size of roughly 91 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibit improved photocatalytic activity for reactive dyes for Congo red when exposed to sunlight. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model revealed that the kinetics followed a pseudo-first-order. Additionally, the antibacterial activity was tested against the gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria.

Short Communication: Characterization and biological synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by new strain of Bacillus foraminis

Abstract. El-Ghwas DE. 2021. Short Communication: Characterization and biological synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by new strain of Bacillus foraminis. Biodiversitas 23: 548-553. The production of ZnO Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) has gained a lot of interest because of its wide antibacterial and eco-friendly activity. This work was performed for the biosynthesis of ZnONPs using isolated bacteria strains. A new bacterial strain isolated from farm soil in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, was identified by molecular identification using 16S ribosomal RNA. The isolated sequence had the highest similarity (99 %) with Bacillus foraminis. On the other hand, the appearance of white precipitate at the end of incubation time confirms the production of ZnONPs. Also, UV, TEM, and FTIR were used to investigate the stability and structure of ZnONPs. The absorbance of ZnONPs was measured at 386 nm in a UV experiment. TEM result revealed that the particles were polydisperse and usually spherical, with maximum particles in the 5.40 - 6.79 nm range. In addition, FTIR confirms the reduction of zinc ions by bacteria. This is the first report on the biosynthesis of ZnONPs by B. foraminis.

Economic Evaluation on Production of ZnO Nanoparticles from Laboratory Scale to Industrial Scale

ZnO nanoparticles are used to obtain inorganic antibacterial and UV-blocking properties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the increase in the production of ZnO nanoparticles from the laboratory scale to the industrial scale. Economic evaluation is carried out from an engineering and economic perspective. From the engineering evaluation, the results show that the production of prospective ZnO nanoparticles uses modern methods and technology. From an economic point of view, the results show that the production of ZnO nanoparticles on an industrial scale can benefit from certain conditions of raw materials, certain conditions of selling prices, and certain conditions of income tax. All evaluation parameters give a positive price. The development of this project needs to be added especially regarding additional strategies to increase profits and to attract investors, this study provides sufficient promise for the production of ZnO nanoparticles in developing countries.

Mixing of Crude Oil with Organic ZnO Nano-Particles from Rice Bran to Improve Physical Properties of Crude Oil: A Novel Agent for Enhanced Oil Recovery

In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were modified with rice bran. Synthesis and production of ZnO nano-particles is highly important due to the use of rice bran. In addition, XRD and SEM analyses were used to ensure the production quality of the nano-particles. The images clearly showed surface uniformity of the synthesized organic ZnO nano-particles. Afterward, the modified nano-particles were injected into crude oil in different weight percentages according to their properties (heavy and light crude oil). The injection was done at a temperature range of 30–150 °C with operating pressures varying from 10 bar to 300 bar. The adhesion force created between heavy or light crude oil molecules and organic ZnO nano-particles was modified with rice bran. Furthermore, an increase in the operating temperature increased the thermal conductivity of oil samples from 0.21 to 2.54 W/m °C for the light crude oil sample and 1.56–6.3 W/m °C for the heavy crude oil sample. The results showed that the percentage of the asphaltene precipitation decreased with the increased API of the crude oil. In addition, the percentage of asphaltene precipitation for nano-light and heavy crude oil was considerably better than the simple light and heavy crude oil samples, respectively. The nano-particles improved the crude oil recovery from reservoirs. The results indicate that the probability of asphaltene precipitation in the case of light crude oil nano-particles is less than the simple light crude oil by 28.3%. This is 8.1% for the heavy crude oil compared to the simple heavy crude oil.

Statistical analysis of the photocatalytic activity of decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes with ZnO nanoparticles

In this paper we investigate for the first time the statistical analysis of photocatalytic activity of decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with ZnO nanoparticles. For this purpose, MWCNTs are oxidized using mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 to functionalize with oxygen containing groups. Therefore, functionalized groups act as active site for introducing the ZnO nanoparticles on the outer surface of MWCNTs. The acid treated MWCNTs, synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and MWCNTs–ZnO are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD results confirm that the structure of synthesizd ZnO nanoparticles is hexagonal wurtzite and the production of ZnO nanoparticles in the hybrid is successfull. Transmission electron microscopy image show that the outer surface of MWCNTs can be successfully decorated with ZnO nanoparticles. The photocatalytic activity investigation of all studied photocatalysts demonstrate that increasing the UV irradiation time and weight fraction lead to the removal efficiency of methy orange (MO) pollutant. Also, the results reveal that the photocatalytic activity of MWCNTs–ZnO is higher than that of acid treated MWCNTs and ZnO nanoparticles. The statistical parameters of proposed models clarify that all of models can predict the photo degradation of MO.

Methods of ZnO nanoparticles synthesis

Zinc oxide nanostructures are interesting nanomaterials with a wide range of applications. Since the physical and chemical properties of ZnO nanoparticles are influenced both by their shape and size, a control of morphology of ZnO structures is needed for their commercial usage. Different chemical, physical, and biological methods used to produce ZnO nanostructures can be found in the literature. The production of ZnO nanoparticles using so-called green methods, using, for example, plant extracts or living organisms, is being investigated as these methods are environmentally friendly and of low-cost. This review also discusses the trends in the biological synthesis of semiconducting nanoparticles.

Manipulation of ZnO/Polymer Nanocomposites Generated by Nanosecond Laser Ablation in Organic Liquid

We present experimental results on the production of ZnO nanoparticles with second harmonic of pulsed nanosecond Nd:YAG laser (λ = 532 nm, pulse duration = 5 ns) in tetrahydrofuran with 0.0 wt% and 0.8 wt% concentrations of polystyrene by high (200 mJ pulse energy) and moderate (80 mJ pulse energy) pulse energies. The produced colloids were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption, transmission electron microscopy, room temperature photoluminescence emission and dynamic light scattering. The mean size of nanoparticles decreased from 40 nm to 22 nm by adding polymer (0.8 wt%) and increasing the pulse energy. The colloidal nanocomposites showed a shoulder at 360 nm in ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra and were found very stable for one month. We observed two photoluminescence emission peaks in UV region at 380 nm and 400 nm attributed to exciton transition. Dynamic light scattering indicated that the size and aggregation of nanocomposites were controlled by polymer concentration and pulse energy.

A Novel Approach to Synthesis and Characterization of Biocompatible ZnO Nanoparticles

AbstractZinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) being biocompatible and chemically stable have great potential for bio-medical applications that includes anti-bacterial and mold prevention, air ventilation and purification, water purification, self cleaning and photosynthesis, and disease detection. Also ZnO is a wide band gap semiconductor and exhibits piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties, which makes it a perfect candidate for building electrochemically coupled sensors and transducers. With all these unique properties, ZnO has the potential to be very important nanomaterial in material research area. Therefore, research, development, and production of ZnO nanoparticles would make notable contributions to the field of nanotechnology. In this paper we report a novel approach for the fabrication of ZnO nanoparticles suspension in deionized water at room temperature using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Particle size was controlled by the number of shots of the laser beam used. Characterization of the nanoparticles has been done using UV-Visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). UV-Visible study confirmed the existence of ZnO nanoparticles showing a peak at around 300 nm which is consistent with the absorption spectra of standard ZnO nanoparticles. Presence of ZnO was reconfirmed by the excitation and emission spectra obtained from fluorescence spectroscopy. The excitation and emission peaks were found at 305 nm and 410 nm respectively, strongly suggesting the characteristic peaks for ZnO nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) photographs established that we have successfully prepared ZnO nanoparticles suspension with particle size ranging from 6 nm to 90 nm.