Indonesian Coffee Research Articles

Analysis of Production Results of Clear Coffee Streamer Machines

Indonesia is the fourth coffee producer in the world after Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia. However, in the 2018-2021 period, the value of Indonesian coffee exports experienced a decline, which was in line with the low volume of Indonesian coffee exports in that year compared to the previous period, so that Indonesia's position fell from fourth to fifth as a coffee exporting country in the world. These various things could be due to the lack of downstream processing in coffee processing in Indonesia. The current problem is that there is no tool for the process of separating coffee into clear coffee, this tool is available abroad and the price is quite expensive. This research tries to make a clear coffee streamer and analyzes the production results of a clear coffee streamer. The results of the design of a clear coffee streamer tool using stainless steel material can be used with a capacity of 20 liters and a maximum heating temperature of 100oC, while testing the production capacity of the clear coffee streamer tool produces data using a material volume of 1500 ml resulting in a production volume of 850 ml in a time of 75 minutes. Meanwhile, using a volume of 200 ml of material produces 950 ml with a time of 75 minutes.

Analysis of current and future bioclimatic suitability for C. arabica production in Ethiopia.

The coffee sector in Ethiopia is the livelihood of more than 20% of the population and accounts more than 25% of the country's foreign exchange earnings. Climate change is expected to affect the climatic suitability of coffee in Ethiopia, and this would have implications for global coffee output, the national economy, and farmers' livelihoods in Ethiopia. The objective of this paper is to assess the current and future impacts of climate change on bioclimatic suitability to C.arbica production in Ethiopia. Based on the current distribution of coffee production areas and climate change predictions from HadGEM2 and CCSM2 models and using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) bioclimatic modeling approach, future changes in climatic suitability for C. arabica were predicted. Coffee production sites in Ethiopia were geo-referenced and used as input in the MAXENT model. The findings indicated that climate change will increase the suitable growing area for coffee by about 44.2% and 30.37% under HadGEM2 and CCSM2 models, respectively, by 2080 in Ethiopia. The study also revealed a westward and northwestward shift in the climatic suitability to C. arabica production in Ethiopia. This indicates that the suitability of some areas will continue with some adaptation practice, whilst others currently suitable will be unsuitable, yet others that are unsuitable will be suitable for arabica coffee production. These findings are intended to support stakeholders in the coffee sector in developing strategies for reducing the vulnerability of coffee production to climate change. Site-specific strategies should be developed to build a more climate resilient coffee livelihood in the changing climate.

The Competitiveness and Export Performance of Indonesian Coffee in The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)

Since its establishment in 1969, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has served as a platform for Islamic countries worldwide to cooperate in various sectors, including economic, social, and cultural. One longstanding form of economic cooperation among OIC countries is in the field of trade. Indonesia, as one of the major producers and exporters of coffee, has engaged in coffee trade with OIC countries, and this cooperation has continued to the present day. This research aims to assess the competitiveness and export performance of Indonesian coffee to OIC using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS) methods. The results show that Indonesian coffee exports to OIC are competitive but have a declining growth rate. Meanwhile, the export performance of Indonesian coffee to OIC demonstrates good performance in following market distribution trends but shows shortcomings in meeting market preferences. Therefore, enhancing internal trade cooperation within OIC, partnering strategies with competing countries, and measures such as improving technology accessibility and evaluating responsive export policies are necessary.

Analysis of the Biennial Productivity of Arabica Coffee with Google Earth Engine in the Northeast Region of São Paulo, Brazil

Numerous challenges are associated with the classification of satellite images of coffee plantations. The spectral similarity with other types of land use, variations in altitude, topography, production system (shaded and sun), and the change in spectral signature throughout the phenological cycle are examples that affect the process. This research investigates the influence of biennial Arabica coffee productivity on the accuracy of Landsat-8 image classification. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and the Random Forest algorithm were used to process the annual and biennial mosaics of the Média Mogiana Region, São Paulo (Brazil), from 2017 to 2023. The parameters evaluated were the general hits of the seven classes of land use and coffee errors of commission and omission. It was found that the seasonality of the plant and its development phases were fundamental in the quality of coffee classification. The use of biennial mosaics, with Landsat-8 images, Brightness, Greenness, Wetness, SRTM data (elevation, aspect, slope), and LST data (Land Surface Temperature) also contributed to improving the process, generating a classification accuracy of 88.8% and reducing coffee omission errors to 22%.

Enhancing Farm Household Income Through Efficient Arabica Coffee Cultivation In Simalungun, North Sumatera

North Sumatera is the largest producer of arabica coffee in Indonesia with 29%. However, coffee farmers are always faced with various field problems such as high fertilizer prices, declining production and various traditional cultivation practices that cause low productivity levels. So that in maintaining overall cropping it is necessary to know the efficiency of farm management with efficient coffee management it can increase farmer income, improve the quality of life of farmers, absorb labor, reduce costs and create a sustainable system. The method used in this research is to use the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to determine the efficient value and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model to determine the efficient influence. The results of this research with the DEA model show that from a total of 133 respondents, the inefficient value is 51%, low efficient 25%, medium efficient 13%, and low efficient 11%. While the OLS model shows that the total cost and total income of farmers can significantly affect the efficiency value, the total production of farmers has no influence on the efficiency value. The research findings imply that improving efficiency requires modernizing technology to overcome traditional management such as the use of superior seeds and fertilizer inputs to increase land production. It also requires the support of relevant policies and institutions that are able to guarantee the availability of production facilities such as superior seeds and fertilizers that are easily available to farmers at affordable prices.

Towards a sustainable coffee supply chain: the role of digital platform capability in increasing organisational agility

ABSTRACT The increasing demand for coffee in Indonesia and abroad, accompanied by value creation from applying sustainability principles for coffee brands or outlets, leads to potential opportunities for coffee product entrepreneurs. Through the development of an online platform that entrepreneurs can directly access to eliminate links in the supply chain, coffee entrepreneurs have the opportunity to compete through national and international markets. Therefore, this study examined the effectiveness of digital platform applications in increasing the supply chain competitiveness of agricultural micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) products in Indonesia, especially coffee products. The conceptual model in this study examines the relationship between digital platform capability and organisational agility, specifically addressing when and how digital platform can help MSME exporters increase their organisation’s agility. This research uses theory of capability dynamism and the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method to test the proposed model and estimate the relationship between constructs. Consequently, this research develops strategies for the supply chain stakeholders using the why-how-laddering method for managerial implications. The study’s findings show that organisational agility can be supported by improving digital platform capability, and nine strategic recommendations can be applied to increase coffee exporters’ digital platform capability and organisational agility, respectively.

Insect community structure in young and productive coffee farms under leucaena shade of Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia

The developmental phase of Robusta coffee plantations with agroforestry systems exhibits varying ecosystem characteristics (biotic and abiotic), therebyinfluencing the dynamics of insect community composition within them. One of the major coffee-producing centers in East Java is Jember Regency, where coffeecultivation commonly employs agroforestry systems with various shade trees. Understanding the abundance of insect species in agroforestry coffee plantations is important for determining insect pest control measures. This research aims to study the insect community structure in young coffee and productive coffee farms. Insect sampling was conducted in young coffee farms and productive coffee farms at the Kaliwining Experimental Station, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), by using road sampling methods with insect nets and pitfall traps. Both types of plantations utilize Leucaena sp. var L2 as shade trees, forming agroforestry coffee plantation systems. Data analysis was performed by calculating the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) to assess insectdiversity and the independent sample t-test to determine differences in insect abundance based on functional roles between the two farms. The results indicatethat the composition and abundance of insects in productive coffee farms are higher than in young coffee farms, resulting in a higher insect diversity index valuefor productive coffee farms (categorized as high), while young coffee farms fall into the moderate category. Furthermore, based on their functional roles, productive coffee farms positively influence the abundance of herbivorous, predatory, parasitoid, and detritivorous insects.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PILIHAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP KOPI TOMORO DIBANDINGKAN MEREK LAIN (STUDI PENELITIAN GROUNDED THEORY)

The research aims to capture the voices of Indonesian coffee consumers and develop a nuanced understanding of their preference for Tomoro Coffee. This will contribute valuable knowledge to the existing body of research on consumer behavior in the Indonesian coffee market and provide actionable insights for Tomoro Coffee's future marketing strategies. The approach utilized in this research employs a qualitative method based on grounded theory principles, enabling researchers to develop constructs and theories directly from data collected firsthand, rather than relying on pre-existing theories. Furthermore, the classification of categories into broader themes was carried out to identify the relationships among the compiled categories. Based on the study results, three major themes emerged from interviews with three business actors: Product Characteristics, Brand Image and Marketing, and Price and Value Perception. It can be concluded from the study results that the factors influencing consumer choice of Tomoro Coffee over other brands include the price and the value of the service and products obtained from Tomoro Coffee. Brand image and marketing also influence consumer choice because attractive marketing and promotions draw consumers to purchase Tomoro Coffee. Meanwhile, the variety of the menu, although not dominant, still serves as a reference for consumers to purchase Tomoro Coffee, particularly due to the delicious coffee flavors and affordable prices for consumers. In summary, the research highlights that the key factors driving consumer preference for Tomoro Coffee are competitive pricing, perceived value, effective marketing, and the quality of the product offerings. These insights can help Tomoro Coffee refine its marketing strategies and product development to better meet the needs and preferences of Indonesian coffee consumers. Keywords: Indonesian Coffee Market; Tomoro Coffee; Marketing Strategies; Qualitative Research; Grounded Theory.

Analisis Faktor Penentu Ekspor Kopi di Indonesia

International trade includes export and import activities that take place globally between countries. Export is the act of selling goods abroad to generate more foreign exchange for a country. When a country has excess income, it can engage in export-related activities. Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producer in the world, and is an important contributor to the country's economy. Indonesian coffee is also one of the most popular in the world, and is one of Indonesia's main agricultural export commodities, besides oil and gas. This study aims to see if there is a significant impact through production variables, land area, exchange rates, inflation, prices, consumption on the volume of coffee exports. For this study, the data collection used is secondary data, where secondary data is obtained through the central statistics agency and BI. The data analysis method is used to calculate all data that has been obtained using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS. The results of this study are that simultaneously production, land area, exchange rates, prices, consumption affect the volume of Indonesian coffee exports. While the inflation variable does not affect exports in Indonesia.

Efficacy of biofertilizers in improving the productivity of Arabica coffee in Andisols

Efficacy of biofertilizers in improving the productivity of Arabica coffee in Andisols

The Effect of Land Area and Labor on Production of Coffee in Indonesia

Indonesia is an agricultural country where most of the population works in the agricultural sector. Therefore, the agricultural sector contributes significantly to its economic growth. This study aims to determine the effect of land area and labor production of coffee in Indonesia. The study uses secondary data. Data analysis technique in this study is multiple linear regression with data panels in 32 provinces of high production coffee in Indonesia from 2017 until 2021. Dependent variable is coffee production and the independent variables are land and labor. Results show that land area has a positive and significant effect on coffee production. It means that raising the land area significantly increases the coffee production. However, labor has a positive but not significant effect on coffee production. This study is expected to help Indonesian policy-makers for drafting policies to increase coffee production in Indonesia. Keywords: coffee production, land area, labor, panel

Mitigasi Penyebab Risiko Usahatani Kopi Arabika (Studi Kasus pada Kelompok Tani Hutan Giri Senang, Kampung Legok Nyenang, Kecamatan Cilengkrang, Kabupaten Bandung)

The Giri Senang Forest Farmer Group (KTH) has experienced a significant decline in arabica coffee production over the past few years. This indicates the existence of risks that need to be addressed immediately. The research was conducted with the aim of identifying the causes of risks in arabica coffee farming, understanding the mitigation actions that have been taken by KTH Giri Senang, and proposing mitigation actions that can be implemented to overcome these problems. The research was carried out using descriptive qualitative analysis with a case study research technique. The causes of risk were identified using a Fishbone Diagram and analyzed with the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. Based on the results of the research, there are 7 priority risk causes out of 26 total causes: unfavorable weather, leaf rust disease, insufficient or excessive rainfall, leaf spot disease, coffee berry borer pests, weather changes due to the La Nina-El Nino phenomenon, and lack of pruning. Mitigation actions that have been taken include making a holding pond, using pesticides, traps, pest control agents, harvesting spoils, and sanitation to eradicate pests and diseases, as well as forming a Pest Control Team. Proposed mitigation actions that can be implemented include organizing agricultural insurance, subsidizing insurance premiums, making holes or roraks, switching to organic farming, using spare harvest bags, collaborating with educational or research institutions, holding discussion forums for farmers, and creating video tutorials and educational content as alternative extension activities.

Perbandingan Ekspor Kopi Indonesia Pada Tahun 2021 Dan 2022

This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the comparison of the amount of capacity (kg) of Indonesian coffee exports between 2021 and Indonesian coffee exports in 2022. The data used in this study were gathered through library research, which allowed us to collect data from literature related to the object of our research, such as documents or archives containing data on coffee production, coffee plantation area, total capacity (kg) of Indonesian coffee exports, and the behavior of Indonesian coffee prices. The data sources were kindly provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Center for Agricultural Data and Information Systems of the Secretariat General, Ministry of Agriculture. In this research, we employed two data analysis techniques: the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Wilcoxon test. The results of these tests indicate a comparison between Indonesian coffee exports in 2021 and 2022. This comparison is characterized by a decrease and also an increase in mean rank and sum of rank.

The Influence Of Marketing Mix (7PS) To Customer Satisfaction Customer Loyalty And Customer Retention At Coffeshop

This study delves into Indonesia's coffee shop industry, investigating the interplay between the 7P Marketing Mix elements and customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention. Leveraging a quantitative methodology, data was gathered from Google form to construct a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. The findings underscore the significant impact of price, people, process, and physical evidence on customer satisfaction, while revealing that product, place, and promotion exhibit nuanced effects within this context. Importantly, the research confirms the robust relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty, elucidating the pivotal role of loyal customers in bolstering sustained retention. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on strategies imperative for businesses within the competitive Indonesian coffee market, emphasizing the need to prioritize customer satisfaction and loyalty to ensure enduring success.

Projected rising temperatures and vapour pressure deficit threaten Arabica coffee production Tanzania's burgeoning coffee region: Empirical insight from Mbinga district, Tanzania

Tanzania is emerging as a key coffee producer, but climate change poses a serious threat to coffee production in the country. While extensive literature addresses climatic variables’ trends and variability in coffee-growing regions globally, elevation, a crucial factor in coffee cultivation, is often overlooked. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the future trends and variability of climatic variables identified in previous studies being crucial for Arabica coffee (rainfall, temperature, and vapor pressure Deficit (VPD)) during different phenological stages of Arabica coffee growth across three elevation zones (lowland, midland, and highland). We study the Mbinga district, now a major Arabica-producing area and the forefront of hopes for expanding production in Tanzania. We used a Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) of two Global Circulation Models (GCMs) to estimate the future trends and variability of rainfall, temperature, and VPD under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios from 2023 to 2064. We analyzed these data using non-parametric trend analysis (Mann-Kendal and Sen's slope test estimation) and standardized anomalies. Our results suggest that both temperatures (minimum and maximum) and VPD during critical flowering and growing seasons are projected to increase significantly over the next 42 years across all elevation zones under both emission scenarios. The mean annual temperatures across elevation zones in Mbinga are projected to surpass the optimal temperature envelope (23 °C) for producing quality Arabica, challenging the notion that the highlands might serve as a refuge for future production. The mean annual VPD in the lowlands are projected to surpass the optimal envelope (0.82 kPa) for Arabica productivity from 2023 to 2064 under both emission scenarios, while midlands are projected to surpass the optimal VPD envelope from mid-2040s onwards. In constrast, the highlands are projected to stay within the optimal VPD envelope for Arabica productivity from 2023 to 2064 under both emission scenarios. Nevertheless, as highlands are projected to get more warmer in the future because of rising temperatures, this hope might not be feasible in the post-2064. To secure Mbinga's future in global coffee value chains, the Tanzanian government and stakeholders must support adaptation measures, enhancing smallholders’ resilience against climate-induced disruptions.

Keunggulan Komparatif Ekspor Kopi di Indonesia

Indonesia has a significant comparative advantage in the coffee export sector, supported by high product quality, diversity of coffee types, and ideal natural conditions for coffee cultivation. The unique taste of coffee in Indonesia, such as Arabica and Robusta, is recognized and appreciated in the international market. Nonetheless, Indonesia's coffee industry faces several challenges such as price fluctuations, climate change, inadequate infrastructure, limited access to funding, and intense global competition. To overcome these challenges and strengthen its position in the global market, a comprehensive strategy is needed. These strategies include improving product quality and consistency, developing infrastructure, diversifying and innovating products, increasing funding, and strengthening marketing and promotion. The implementation of these strategies is expected to improve the welfare of coffee farmers and producers, maximize Indonesia's coffee export potential, and maintain its comparative advantage in the global market. In addition, it is also important to increase collaboration between the government, private sector, and farming community in facing the challenges. With strong synergy, Indonesia's coffee industry can continue to grow and compete in the international market, and contribute significantly to the national economy.

Optimizing coffee yields in agroforestry systems using WaNuLCAS model: A case study in Malang, Indonesia

Agroforestry systems have significant potential for development in increasing coffee production in Indonesia. Besides providing economic benefits, agroforestry can also have ecological impacts, such as improving soil structure, reducing erosion, and other environmental services. There is a complex interaction between trees, soil, and crops in agroforestry systems, making modeling a valuable approach to unraveling these processes. We utilized the spatial and temporal explicit model WaNuLCAS to (i) evaluate the model's performance in depicting actual events (through coffee production and soil water content), (ii) assess the dynamic processes influencing coffee production and the environmental impact of management patterns, (iii) formulate and simulate optimal scenarios for coffee production optimization. Data from a one-year period involving five agroforestry management patterns for coffee-pine in UB Forest were used as input for the model. The model validation results showed satisfactory and acceptable outcomes for coffee production and groundwater dynamics. WaNuLCAS simulation results indicated that pruning and thinning management are crucial factors in increasing coffee production and are related to creating optimal conditions for coffee plants (light, humidity, and inter-plant competition). Additionally, fertilization management can be combined as a supporting factor to meet the nutritional needs of coffee plants. WaNuLCAS simulation results also suggested that pruning and thinning can improve soil physical properties, but thinning increases surface runoff within the system. This research provides insights into how modeling can be used as a decision-making tool.

Indonesian Coffee Exports in The Global Market and The Variables That Affect Them

The aim of this research is to analyse the situation of Indonesian coffee exports in the short and long term and the reasons why Indonesian coffee exports are able to compete in the global market. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of numerical data with time series data type over a period of 72 months (January 2016 - December 2021). The analytical method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM) using the dependent variable the volume of Indonesian coffee exports and the independent variables, namely coffee production, exchange rate, inflation, international coffee prices and substitute prices. The research results show that there are no variables that significantly influence Indonesian coffee export volumes in the short term. In the long term, only coffee production has a significant positive effect, and the exchange rate has a significant negative effect, while the other variables have no significant effect. There are several reasons for the demand for coffee exported from Indonesia, namely the type, taste quality, aroma and uniqueness of the coffee produced in Indonesia.

The Effect of Online to Offline (O2O) Services Through Mobile Apps in Indonesian Coffee Shop towards Consumers Purchase Decision

The Effect of Online to Offline (O2O) Services Through Mobile Apps in Indonesian Coffee Shop towards Consumers Purchase Decision

Analisis Rantai Pasok Kopi Pada Kelompok Tani Kopi Rejo Di Desa Wisata Gombengsari Banyuwangi

The supply chain of the tourism industry and the creative economy is very closely related through efforts to develop industrial ecosystems including business partnerships from upstream to downstream. One of the culinary sub-sectors that is growing rapidly, and has even become a new lifestyle for the people, is Indonesian coffee. The increase in the amount of national coffee consumption is of course followed by the level of archipelago coffee production. Banyuwangi Regency has strategic coffee-producing locations, one of which is located in Gombengsari Village. This study aims to analyze the coffee supply chain in the Gombengsari Coffee and Tourism Village, so that the authors can determine the priority of development recommendations in order to improve the performance of coffee supply chain management in the Gombengsari Coffee and Tourism Village. The research method used is descriptive analysis using case study research techniques with data testing, namely using marketing analysis, marketing margins, farmer's share, and marketing efficiency. The results of this study indicate that there are three patterns of coffee flow. Farmers can apply partnerships and creative economy concepts to increase tourism development in the Gombengsari Coffee and Tourism Village, Banyuwangi Regency.