Product Subcomplex Research Articles

Экономическое регулирование отношений в агропромышленном молочно-продуктовом подкомплексе

The article examines current issues of inter-industry economic relations using the example of the dairy and product subcomplex as the most problematic in the agro-industrial complex. Based on a systemic analysis, it was revealed that the violation of cost proportions between technologically interconnected agricultural organizations, processing enterprises and the trade sector is the main reason for the crisis in dairy cattle breeding, a sharp decrease in the number of cows and, as a consequence, a shortage of milk and dairy products in our country. Therefore, the regulation of economic relations in order to create equal (equal) business conditions for all participants in the reproduction process and, first of all, agricultural dairy organizations in this study is presented as the main imperative for the effective functioning of the entire agro-industrial dairy and food subcomplex of Russia. All this is aimed at increasing the milking population of cows and increasing the volume of domestically produced milk, which will ultimately fill the Russian market with its own dairy products at the level of quantitative parameters adopted by the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКОНОМИКИ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЗЕРНА В ПЕРМСКОМ КРАЕ

The scientific article, a theoretical review of domestic literature on issues and peculiarities of managing grain production, as well as enhancing the efficiency of the grain product sub-complex within the framework of agro-industrial production, has been conducted. An analysis of grain production was carried out. Issues related to increasing yield and gross harvest, which depend on many factors of both controllable and uncontrollable genesis, were examined. The development of the livestock industry and enterprises of the processing industry, the introduction of abandoned lands into circulation, based on the program for the development of the agricultural complex (APK) and the grain sector of the Perm Krai, as well as their mutual dependence, were identified. Management of the structure of sown areas, costs, based on developed agrobiotechnologies adapted to competitive grain crop production, will allow increasing the industry's efficiency. The targeted use of wheat grain in terms of industrial sectors was considered, and indicators of yield increase and costs affecting winter wheat were presented. A model assessment of the economic efficiency of winter wheat production was made based on the proposed influencing factors.

Identification of transport and technological problems in the grain product subcomplex

The study focuses on the grain-product subcomplex within the Republic of Kazakhstan, aiming to dissect and address the prevalent issues plaguing this sector. It identifies several challenges, including technological deficiencies, inefficiencies, and increased production risks. There was a notable decrease in fixed capital investment in the agricultural sector in 2023, suggesting a shift in investment strategies or priorities, particularly with a significant reduction in food production investments. Agricultural exports in 2023, while showing a decrease compared to 2022, still represent a substantial economic activity. The capacity and utilization of grain storage facilities indicate a robust infrastructure capable of supporting the nation's grain production, with a considerable portion of storage capacity currently utilized and a significant amount of grain released in 2023. Furthermore, the research delves into cross-border rail transport of crops, with Uzbekistan emerging as a regional leader in exports. This analysis, along with the examination of export activities and grain storage capacities, emphasizes the role of innovation and technological advancements in enhancing the agroindustrial sector's efficiency and competitiveness. Optimization methods for modeling transport processes in agribusiness, such as digital technologies and intermodal transport, are proposed to address existing shortcomings. The study's findings are distinguished by their complex approach to addressing the problems within the grain-product subcomplex. This approach, highlighting the practical application under local conditions, makes the results uniquely tailored to Kazakhstan's context, offering a pathway towards improved agricultural practices and sectoral growth

Production of meat and processed products in the conditions of technological modernization of agro-industrial complex of the East Kazakhstan region

Goal - the current situation and promising directions for the development of meat industry in the East Kazakhstan region are considered, and limiting factors for its growth are identified. During the research process, in the context of a comprehensive analysis, calculationconstructive, statistical-economic, expert, and monographic methods were used. Results – an assessment of the main parameters of livestock complex and meat processing sector in the Eastern region over the past five years is presented. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that there are positive changes in meat sector, but overall production is not efficient enough. The authors note the lack of raw materials and high cost of raw materials. Food imports occupy a significant place, and small-scale production of farms leads to decrease in the competitiveness of goods produced. Conclusions – the results of the study made it possible to substantiate the most optimal directions for increasing the volume of meat product subcomplex and expanding meat products market through effective government regulation, development of cooperative and integration relations between agricultural producers and processing industry enterprises, allowing the creation of cooperatives that contribute to increasing the size of production and processing of meat products. As economic measures, it is advisable to stimulate supply and demand for food products, preferential lending throughout the entire cycle of obtaining products and selling them on domestic and foreign markets. The authors focus on the need to find options for reducing costs of production processes, implementing innovative projects and forming cluster-type associations. The creation of new enterprises (meat processing plants, poultry farms) will create new jobs and increase the income of the population.

Исследование рационального функционирования и развития предприятий пищевой промышленности – потенциальных участников кластера масложирового подкомплекса региона

Numerous scientific studies of clusters in the agricultural economy are devoted to assessing the general trends in the indicators of individual industries, methodological approaches to creating integrated structures within them. But the issues of applying a systematic approach to the study of regional processes occurring in a group of industry enterprises within one product subcomplex remain insufficiently developed. The purpose of the work is to select, form into a system and test economic and statistical indicators that allow assessing the rationality of functioning and the level of development of food industry enterprises, potentially or actually forming a specialized cluster in the oil and fat subcomplex of the region. Indicators for analyzing trends in the field of processing, rational functioning and development processes for oil extraction plants and a fat plant are proposed. Analysis of structural shifts, the study of consolidated natural and financial indicators of production and economic activity made it possible to determine the trends occurring in the industry. By means of consolidated specific and relative economic indicators, the rationality of the functioning of enterprises of the subcomplex is assessed. Conclusions about development processes were made based on quantitative indicators of qualitative changes, innovative areas of improvement, and involvement in government development programs. The analysis of diverse indicators characterizing the current state of rationality and the pace of business development, illustrating the transformation of the economy of enterprises in connection with the scale-up of production, is presented. The proposed research system was tested on official statistical materials recorded in the annual accounting reports of enterprises in the Saratov region. The practical significance of the work lies in the use of the results to make decisions on the rationalization of production and economic processes and development strategies. The author’s idea seems to be universal and can be applied in the study of economic processes and development of cluster participants in other subcomplexes of the national economy.

Методические подходы к оценке устойчивости и эффективности развития продуктового подкомплекса

The article considers the stability of the subcommittee as a complex system of economic entities included in its co-establishment. The existing methodological approaches to the assessment of sustainability at the level of the organization and the subcommittee, which teach them differences and similarities, are sum-marized. The factors affecting the resistance of the functional zoning of the subcommittee as a whole and its individual organizations are systematized, approaches to assessing their impact on the stability of the subcommittee are shown. Indicators of evaluation of the efficiency of the product sub-complex at the level of production and consumption are proposed.

Modeling of production processes in grain sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan: new solutions

The Republic of Kazakhstan is considered one of the countries with the highest potential for grain production in the world, since it has the appropriate infrastructure, the necessary sown areas, harvesting technologies, and human capital. At the same time, high competition and the tasks of ensuring food security of the state require a constant search for ways to improve the effectiveness and rationality of management decisions in crop production. The goal is to determine directions and trends for increasing the effective functioning of grain farming in Kazakhstan. During the research, methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical modeling and comparison were used. Results - analysis of the volumes of wheat grown in 2010-2022. showed a positive vector of development, the average harvest increases annually by 228 thousand tons, in 2022 22 million tons were harvested in the Republic of Kazakhstan, this is the highest figure in the last 10 years. Of course, this is a satisfactory dynamic, but there are untapped reserves in the industry. Based on the production indicators of the regions of the republic cultivating this crop, the most effective of them were identified. For these purposes, the DEA method was used. Conclusions - the main target function of grain sector is to maximize the satisfaction of the population's needs for grain products. Other, no less important, its functions: creating a balanced market for grains and raw materials for the processing industry; more complete use of production capabilities in all areas of the grain product vertical of the AIC; reduction of losses at the junctions of production - transportation - processing - grain trade. Structural proportions in the development of the grain product subcomplex become a significant factor ensuring its sustainable functioning.

Evaluation of material and technical resources of the grain cluster

The object of the study is the process of functioning of enterprises of the grain products subcomplex. In the course of the study, the problem of growth rates and the peculiarities of the functioning of enterprises of the grain products subcomplex was solved. The article notes that the provision of material and technical resources plays an important role in improving the efficiency of the subcomplex of grain products. Given the importance of this branch of agriculture for the national economy, it is advisable for the state to intensify measures to support it as one of the main mechanisms for breaking negative trends characterizing the current state of agriculture. The development of a subcomplex of grain products requires its transformation, adequate to the conditions of demand for products produced in foreign and domestic markets. The fact that technical support is one of the key factors in the efficiency of agricultural, including grain, production is also indicated by the fact that in today's developed countries, the costs of maintaining, operating and updating the fleet of machinery and equipment form 40-60% of production costs.The projected level of grain production in the future should provide for a stable volume of its consumption, as well as an increase in the consumption of this valuable product for industrial processing, in particular, meeting the needs of livestock in concentrated feed, export "requests". To solve these archival tasks, it is necessary to carry out a structural reconstruction of the sown areas of grain crops in accordance with the needs of the country.

Models, forms and mechanisms of public-private partnership for the creation of competitive enterprises in agricultural sector

Issues and prospects of relations between the state and business have always been in the spotlight. They acquire particular relevance and significance when many sectors of economy need state support. The revision of the principles of agribusiness is fundamentally changing the approach to creating competitive enterprises in agricultural sector. One of the effective mechanisms is public-private partnership (PPP), which has not yet been fully studied, its potential has not been revealed. Successful implementation of PPP projects in grain products subcomplex requires an indepth study, generalization and systematization of the experience of their use by national and foreign companies that have achieved high results in this area. A detailed analysis of the directions for increasing the competitiveness of domestic grain industry, primarily targeted investment in the development of production, is needed. The goal is a comprehensive study of theoretical and methodological foundations for creating models of public-private partnership in the agro-industrial complex. Methods – synthesis, systematization of scientific views to determine the potential of PPP in agriculture. Results – essence and various interpretations of the concept of "public-private partnership" are shown, foreign experience in improving existing and emerging new forms of PPP as an institution for stimulating entrepreneurial activity is considered, the advantages of society, the state and business in the framework of public-private partnership are identified, as well as problems that constrain its development. Conclusions – based on the interpretation of the data, it has been established that discussions on PPP issues in the republic are due to the specifics and high risks in agricultural production, however, in a number of economically developed countries, this type of partnership has proven practical effectiveness and has become an important element in ensuring food security, attracting long-term investments in the agro-industrial complex, increasing its profitability, obtaining high quality products and their availability.

Development of a method for assessing the functioning of a grain product sub-complex using mathematical modeling

The object of the study is the process of functioning of enterprises of the grain product subcomplex. In the course of the study, the problem of the growth rate and the peculiarities of the functioning of enterprises of the grain product subcomplex were solved. An assessment of the functioning of the grain product subcomplex was carried out Republic of Kazakhstan using mathematical modeling, for which a methodology has been developed that allows considering factors with a heterogeneous metric, which includes the following steps: 1) index analysis twenty-one indicators, divided into groups; 2) development of formulas for calculation and integral indicators characterizing their dynamics; 3) determining the pace of functioning of the grain product subcomplex for 2011–2021. Graphs were made and a forecast of the performance indicators of the subcomplex until 2024 is presented for one of each group with the maximum coefficient of determination R2. According to three scenarios: optimistic, probabilistic and pessimistic. R2 is an indicator of the quality of forecasts: than the closer its value is to one, the higher the probability of execution. For eleven charts, the coefficient of determination is in the range from 0.9003 (pessimistic forecast for other industrial use of grain) to 0.9838 (optimistic forecast for the number of granaries). For ten, from 0.8025 to 0.8702, and for nine, from 0.705 to 0.7932. This means that the reliability of the calculations for twenty-nine forecast options is in the range from 70 to 98 %. This indicates fairly objective predictive values of the subcomplex performance indicators until 2024. Based on the results of the studies, optimistic and pessimistic scenarios are more likely to be implemented.

Assessment of the industry segments functioning of the grain products sub-complex

The solution of the national food problem largely depends on the intensive development of the subcomplex of grain products of the backbone segment of the agro-industrial complex. The priority of this sector of the agro-industrial complex is due to the strategic importance of grain, due to the constant need for it of various agro-food structures and on its basis of food products of the population. In this regard, there is an objective need to substantiate promising directions for the development of the grain products subcomplex, taking into account modern principles of achieving targets. Given the complexity of the socio-economic conditions of the current period, the subcomplex of grain products in the most popular sectors of the national economy is included in the agricultural cluster. In this regard, the priority direction of the national policy is not only to prevent a recession in various sectors of the agricultural sector, but also to ensure an increase in output both to fully meet domestic needs and to increase exports. Such an approach requires the combined efforts of all subjects of the agro-industrial complex, coordination of activities and a purposeful focus on achieving a high final result. The article notes that the development of production in the sectors of the economy of Kazakhstan requires the search and use of new, more effective forms of production and economic activity. One of the main methods of solving this problem is the integration of commodity producers, which allows combining all the links of the reproduction cycle in a single complex in the technological chain “processing of raw materials – production of finished products”.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ НИВЕЛИРОВАНИЯ УГЛЕРОДНОГО СЛЕДА В ЗЕРНОПРОДУКТОВОМ ПОДКОМПЛЕКСЕ

Trends in digitalization and leveling the carbon footprint predetermine priority areas for the grain product systems development. The role of sustainable development of such systems, which covers the entire chain of agro-industrial enterprises, is growing, since 25% of the entire carbon footprint is formed in agriculture and related industries. The energy profile of the world economy is undergoing fundamental structural changes under the influence of the emerging global climate policy, on the one hand, and under the influence of massive technological innovations, on the other hand. Currently, there are no single schemes for reducing the carbon footprint and its impact on the efficient production of large economic systems in the agro-industrial complex. The scientific novelty of the research will lie in the application of deductive, inductive and traductive reasoning in the study of the problems of reducing the carbon footprint and its impact on the efficient production of large economic systems using the grain product subcomplex as an example. Assessment of the impact of the carbon footprint on the economic efficiency of the economic mechanism of the grain product subcomplex, including its innovative and investment component is a problem that does not have an unambiguous solution. In modern economic conditions, grain product subcomplexes are complex social and economic systems that have diverse hierarchically structured connections. The analysis of the impact of the distribution of the carbon footprint in conjunction with the assessment of the economic efficiency of the economic mechanism of the agro-industrial complex of the region, its innovative and investment component in the context of the digital path of economic development is among the most relevant and significant for the national economy of the country. The theoretical significance of the study lies in combining the concept of ecologization of the economy (carbon footprint) with the concept of determining the economic efficiency of hierarchically complex economic systems. The practical scientific significance lies in the development of a methodology for evaluating the performance of hierarchically complex economic systems in the context of a digital path of economic development. The scientific problem is to identify patterns in the distribution of the carbon footprint throughout the chain of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of grain, as well as in an objective and systematic assessment of the economic efficiency of the economic mechanism of the grain subcomplex (including the innovation and investment component), including in the possibility of assessing and non-economic activities (social, environmental, etc.).

Sugar industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan: current state and modernization reserves

The goal is to investigate the state and problems in the sugar industry in Kazakhstan. Methods – analysis of industry information from publicly available open sources, scientific literature, official materials of territorial administration, the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, industry experts and business entities. Results – the baseline is a conceptual model of a closed project for the northern and/or eastern regions of the country, which are characterized by significant acreage, cold autumn and winter periods, which contribute to a longer storage of sugar beets (with proper stacking of piles using forced ventilation systems). The necessity of a cluster approach to ensure sustainable d evelopment of sugar industry in the formation of a financial model is justified. Conclusions – the article presents material on world sugar production in 2019/2020, an overview of sugar product sub-complex in the republic, main beet-growing zones and their climatic conditions. Considering the problems of ensuring food security in Kazakhstan, it is noted that sugar market in Kazakhstan does not provide the industry and the population of the country with the necessary volumes. The proposed concept of the project for the northern and northeastern regions is visualized in the form of a block diagram. The authors note that there is experience in growing this crop in the North Kazakhstan and Pavlodar regions with more severe climatic conditions, in comparison with usual southern regions (Almaty and Zhambyl regions), which cannot be an obstacle to obtai ning products following the example of the Canadian company LanticRogers (Taber, Canada, Alberta).

IMPROVING STATE SUPPORT FOR MEAT PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF FOOD SECURITY FOR THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE

Introduction. Formed inter-branch connections in the meat product sub-complex are characterized by complexity and variety of forms and methods, increasing influence on the final results of the functioning of organizations of the meat product sub-complex in general. In addition, the existing inter-industry relations affect the rates of economic growth and prospects for the development of the country's economy. Therefore, the formation of a new system of economic relations in modern conditions necessitates the development of inter-sectoral cooperation in the structure of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Methods. The research was conducted using general scientific methods and techniques: logical and qualitative analysis and synthesis – when substantiating theoretical approaches to the functioning of the meat product sub-complex, system and structural analysis – when analysing the current state of operations of enterprises of the meat product sub-complex; comparative analysis – when comparing foreign and domestic experience of conducting activities in the specified field; the method of cause-and-effect analysis – to identify problems in the development of enterprises of the meat product sub-complex and the industry; logical generalization – for the formation of conclusions and proposals. Results. We believe that the implementation of measures for the development of family livestock farms will contribute to the creation of new permanent jobs. For greater positive dynamics in this direction, it is necessary to develop special credit programs for the creation of both family farms and workshops for the processing of livestock products, which is a measure of the “green basket” and is not subject to restrictions under the terms of Ukraine's membership in the WTO. In our opinion, the amount of grant support for the development of family livestock farms should be directly related to the obligations of the recipients for a certain amount of produced products of the appropriate quality. Only in this case can we talk about the effectiveness of state funds directed to support small businesses. Discussion. Ukraine's membership in the EU will require the development of effective methods of state support for Ukrainian meat producers in order to ensure their competitiveness both on the domestic and global agri-food market in terms of quality and cost indicators, which is the perspective of our further research. Keywords: state support, business entities, meat products, grant support, meat products complex.

The experience of public-private partnership in Kazakhstan: modern approaches

The goal is to identify the features of public-private partnership (PPP) as an effective tool for solving the problems of economic, social and environmental development of various sectors of AIC of the republic, including grain product subcomplex. Research methods – analytical, allowing to study the processes of strengthening the PPP mechanism, increasing the efficiency of public support, which had a positive impact on growth in cost of gross crop production, new approaches to the relationship between the state and rural producers; observation and selection of facts, establishing links between them; and synthesis. Results – the prerequisites and incentives for expanding public-private partnerships are considered; industry specifics and national peculiarities of using this tool are shown; priority areas and risks of using PPP projects are identified, taking into account the experience of foreign countries; factors and conditions that ensure effective solutions to socially significant tasks of agricultural sector and stability of development of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan based on the implementation of the parity of national interests and private entrepreneurs are substantiated. Conclusions – based on the analysis of a representative information base, the authors state that in order to maintain positive trends in the growth of innovative sectoral structures that ensure the country's food security, it is necessary to improve existing ones and develop new forms of interaction between the State and representatives of agribusiness, including replacement of the system of subsidizing agricultural entities which is not always effective with their indirect support, with an emphasis on the most promising areas of PPP, more rational use of available resources and attracting private investment. One of the motives for the use of public-private partnership in agro-industrial production is the need to introduce advanced technologies, the lack of own resources.

Agriculture as the main factor of food security in Russia

The leading role in the issue of ensuring the food security belongs to the agricultural sector, which, in the context of the introduction of anti-Russian economic sanctions, was forced to mobilize in a short time and begin to accelerate the production of those types of agricultural products, the deficit of which was previously filled by importing food products from abroad. The main and important thing for the development of all branches of the agro-industrial complex is the increase in the gross grain harvest. Grain production is one of the most important foundations of the crop industry and all agricultural production. There is a close relationship between grain production and certain sectors of the agro-industrial complex and industry. And the main strategic importance in the production of grain and ensuring the food security of our country is to solve a number of important issues - increasing and improvement of the efficiency of grain production, improvement of the gross yield of various grain crops, as well as expansion of sown areas in agriculture. According to many experts the importance of development of a strategy in agricultural production shall rely on its main feature - all production facilities and divisions of this industry are connected with the production of agricultural products as with the main specialization. An important principle, which shall be followed by the formation of a strategy for the development of the grain product sub-complex of the agro-industrial complex, is the mandatory processing of its strategic goals with various factors that are determined by its natural and economic potential. The agrarian policy of modern Russia shall be comprehensive, based on sufficient funding and a stable legislative framework. Also it shall take into account the significant regional differentiation in the levels of agricultural development.

Intersectoral economic relations in the field of storage of grain and grain products

The problems of improving intersectoral economic relations in the current conditions of economic development of Kazakhstan are determined by market forms of selling grain and grain products. The goal – one of the main tasks to be solved - to provide a set of measures to overcome the imbalance in the relationship between agricultural and processing enterprises, since the organizational and economic relations between them are one of the bottlenecks in the grain product subcomplex. Methods – comparative analysis, statistical and economic, system analysis, logical generalization. Results – an increase in grain production requires the expansion of the capacities of enterprises in the elevator industry, mainly through new construction. Enterprises in modern conditions are characterized with increased capacity and more modern equipment in comparison with elevators in the territory of the CIS countries. As the main type of intersectoral interaction, the economic relations of agriculture and the elevator industry for the sale of grain are singled out. Conclusions – in any form of ownership, the expensive fixed assets of elevators created over decades should be used rationally, in the interests of the entire food system of the country. In addition to the types of services, such as exchange operations, assistance in the preparation of varietal seeds of grain crops, elevators and grain-receiving enterprises should form commodity lots of grain for its producers, carry out commercial transactions on market on their behalf, and also engage in mortgage transactions. In conditions of limited material and financial resources for commodity producers, joint use of the capacities of large elevators, grain-receiving and processing enterprises acquires importance. Elevators and other grain-receiving enterprises, being the main participants in grain market of the Republic of Kazakhstan, are designed to ensure the promotion of grain from commodity producers to processors and directly to consumers, the main task of these enterprises is to give the grain a marketable appearance to maximize consumer demand.

ЕКСПОРТНО-ІМПОРТНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ЗЕРНОПРОДУКТОВОГО ПІДКОМПЛЕКСУ АПК

The article analyzes the export-import potential of the grain product sub-complex of the agro-industrial complex. A positive trend in the development of Ukraine's international trade and economic relations has been established, and the strengthening of the EU country's role in bilateral trade of products of the grain sub-complex, the share of which is increasing not only in exports but also in imports, has been substantiated. An analysis of the export of cereals, legumes (with products of their processing), and flour from Ukraine was carried out. In the process of writing the article, various general scientific and unique research methods were applied: economic analysis and comparison for the study of parts of individual types of products of the product subcommittee of the agricultural industry in Ukraine in export and import from EU countries; graphic method - for a visual representation of the results of data analysis of export and import activity; abstract-logical method - for theoretical generalizations and formation of conclusions; a process of analogies, tabular - for substantiation of the leading importer countries of domestic grain, economic and statistical - search and analysis of export and import activity of Ukraine during the war period. It is substantiated that during the last period, there was a strategic reorientation of the domestic export of grain and its processing products from the markets of the CIS countries and the Russian Federation to the needs of the countries of Asia and the European Union. It has been established that the preponderance of export volumes of products of the grain product sub-complex of the agro-industrial complex over the books of its volume is significant, which partially proves the import of the proposed hypothesis. The Russian-Ukrainian war stimulated problems with the stability of logistics chains that ensured the export of the grain product sub-complex, which in turn led to increased prices for agricultural products. It has been proven that the blockade of Ukrainian ports in the Black Sea makes trade over such a long distance somewhat problematic. The results of this study are of interest to higher education institutions seeking to improve agricultural supply chains; practices of the farm sector, which are aimed at the optimal cost of transportation of agricultural products. The author's research emphasizes the importance of the export-import potential of the products of the grain product sub-complex. It ensures the systematization of the problem of food supply chains.

Economic aspects of the formation of the innovative development of waste-free production of livestock products

The article is devoted to the economic aspects of the formation of innovative development of waste-free production of animal husbandry products. The purpose of the study is to develop, based on the generalization of research by scientists, practical recommendations for stimulating the waste-free production of animal husbandry products. During the research, general scientific and special methods of economic research were used, in particular: systemic approach, dialectical and abstract-logical, etc. We believe that in order to minimize losses and effective use of by-products by the subjects of the meat product sub-complex, it is necessary to implement: optimization of the sales cycle: rejection of the existing concept of "clogged shelves" in retail chains, transfer of edible food products to charity, use of by-products in secondary food production; waste processing: the use of food waste and secondary raw materials of the food industry and agriculture for the production of animal feed, processing of organic waste into soil and fertilizers, obtaining thermal energy due to the burning of organic waste, as well as the industrial release of associated gases from them (biofuel production). Today, in the business environment, priority is given to initiatives to optimize business processes in order to increase profits and reduce financial costs. Estimating the points of occurrence of losses at all stages of the production and sales chain, determining the cause-and-effect relationships of their formation, keeping statistics and monitoring are complex, interdisciplinary and expensive processes, their economic benefit for an individual enterprise is not obvious. At the same time, for small and medium-sized businesses, many practices for reducing food losses remain inaccessible due to their high cost or the complexity of legislative procedures. In connection with this, Ukraine needs business stimulation from the state to reduce food losses along the entire production and sales chain: in rural economy, food industry, retail trade and public catering. It has been established that efforts aimed at reducing food waste must be considered from the point of view of rational use of resources and obtaining certain value from the various participants involved. For manufacturers, the advantages may be as follows: increase in economic efficiency due to the use of unsolicited by-products, their implementation by interested market participants, improvement in the quality of food products; creating reputational advantages and added value in the eyes of investors and consumers. The interests of consumers are related to increasing the availability of food products, as well as improving their quality. State authorities are interested, among other things, in reducing food losses in terms of: strengthening the country's food security; reduction of social tensions (thanks to increasing availability of food products); reduction of ecological load on the environment; preservation of land and water resources.

FORMATION OF EFFECTIVE INTEGRATIVE RELATIONS IN THE MEAT SUBCOMPLEX THROUGH THE PRISM OF INCLUSION

The strengthening of international competition and the processes of globalization of the world economy are becoming an objective condition for managing the competitiveness of pig farming products. Therefore, important factors in achieving and maintaining an advantage over competitors are not only innovation and professionalism, education and science, but also the introduction of new production organization systems based on the use of the advantages of specialization, integration and cooperation, among which new organizational and economic relationships between enterprises stand out. organizations, companies that provide conditions for the creation of network structures – clusters. The article examines the essence of the integration association in the agro-industrial complex. The effectiveness of creating associations between enterprises of the meat product sub-complex and organizations engaged in construction, education, and finance is substantiated.