Processing Of Products Research Articles

Strengthening of the soil base - preparation for the road surface of the existing enterprise

The issue of constructing new and restoring existing complexes for the storage and processing of agricultural products, as well as logistics complexes, holds significant importance in today's conditions as an integral component of ensuring the normal functioning of our economy. Historically, in Ukraine, when developing regulatory documents, the primary requirements were outlined for the design and construction of civil and industrial buildings and structures: residential and administrative buildings, industrial facilities, and objects of transport, energy, and critical infrastructure. These requirements are based on ensuring strength, reliability, durability, safety, and cost-effectiveness. For projects involving the construction of logistics complexes or agricultural facilities, the regulatory documents in Ukraine contain significantly fewer detailed instructions and requirements [1, 2]. Therefore, when implementing this class of projects, design solutions are often based on requirements outlined in construction regulatory documents from other countries, such as Eurocodes (EN) [10], British Standards (BS), or the standards of the United States (ASTM), where considerable experience has already been accumulated in the reliable operation of such facilities. The issue of requirements for the engineering preparation of territories for industrial or agricultural projects during the development of comprehensive building plans is not sufficiently covered in national regulatory documents that establish requirements for the calculation of building structures, road construction, or comprehensive territory planning – these documents are too general and lack the necessary detailed information or clear requirements for the application of reliable design solutions. As a result, there are often cases where deformations of the surrounding surface and access roads to these facilities significantly complicate and/or render their normal operation impossible. This article focuses on the study of soil preparation as the foundation for access roads for a group of buildings and structures in a grain storage complex: assessing the condition of the foundation during the operation of the complex; identifying the causes of significant deformations; selecting methods for strengthening and stabilizing the foundation; and geotechnical quality control of the performed foundation strengthening work.

Prediction model of browning inhibitor concentration and its optimal composition for mass processing of ready-to-eat fresh-cut 'Fuji' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) strains.

In this study, we optimized the composition of the browning inhibitor for apples and established a prediction model for the browning inhibitor concentration in mass-processed fresh-cut apples based on electrical conductivity measurements. The "Fuji" apples that were harvested in Chungju, Korea, were used for this study. Vitamin C mixture (VCM) and trehalose (Tre) were used as browning inhibitors at a 4% ratio. The browning reaction under Δ3 of BI (browning index) for 5 days was defined as the target shelf-life of the apple flesh. The ΔBI of VCM and Tre was lower than that of VCM by 4%. It is revealed that the electrical conductivity of the browning inhibitor was highly correlated with its concentration and the number of soaked apples. Finally, the regression of the conductivity was fitted as Y=-0.0024 (number of soaked apples) + 0.5111 (R2=0.9931). In the validation test, the conductivity must be maintained at 0.4373 S/m or higher to maintain the target anti-browning level of Δ3 or less, which corresponded to ∼80% of the initial qualitative level after manufacture. The conductivity measurement of the browning inhibitor is suitable for monitoring and predicting its concentration in the mass processing of fresh-cut apple production due to the convenience of this method. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The conductivity measurement of browning inhibitors can be applied not only to the mass processing of apple production but also to the anti-browning treatment of other fruits and vegetables, due to the convenience of this method. From these research results, it is expected to derive a formula that can predict the concentration of browning inhibitors through simple experiments for other fruits or vegetables.

Аналіз сучасного стану логістичної ефективності України

Agro-industrial complex (APK) belongs to the system-forming, strategically important industries. It ensures the country’s food security, makes a significant contribution to ensuring employment of the population, preserving socio-economic stability, and increasing export potential. In recent years, the development of the domestic agricultural industry has had positive dynamics. However, the industry faced many problems related to hostilities: destruction of infrastructure, congestion of alternative routes, difficulties with exports, etc. Military operations significantly affect all aspects of the logistics chain, including transport, storage, processing and export of products. It is noted that the domestic agro-industrial complex not only meets the domestic needs of the country, but also exports agricultural products abroad. Logistics plays a key role in export operations, and it is through effective management of logistics processes that companies can achieve better results in foreign economic activity. The hostilities greatly complicate export logistics by blocking seaports and disrupting rail routes, posing a threat to the country’s economic stability and food security in many countries. Although the volume of transportation remained significantly lower than the pre-war level, the positive dynamics of the indicators is maintained. The commodity structure of the export of agricultural products and indicators of the freight transportation index were analyzed. The value of the logistics efficiency index was considered and it was noted that there is a significant deterioration of the specified indicator for the country, which is why there is a need to analyze logistics processes, identify problems in the logistics industry and take measures to improve indicators. The main problems of logistics, which create serious challenges for business and the country’s economy, are highlighted. It was noted that the logistics of agricultural products in wartime conditions faces numerous challenges that require rapid adaptation and the search for new solutions. Restoration of logistics infrastructure is one of the key directions for ensuring Ukraine’s competitiveness on the global market. Keywords: logistics, agricultural products, export, costs, efficiency.

Evaluating the accuracy of automated processing of child and adult language production in preschool classrooms.

Young children's language and social development is influenced by the linguistic environment of their classrooms, including their interactions with teachers and peers. Measurement of the classroom linguistic environment typically relies on observational methods, often providing limited 'snapshots' of children's interactions, from which broad generalizations are made. Recent technological advances, including artificial intelligence, provide opportunities to capture children's interactions using continuous recordings representing much longer durations of time. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Interaction Detection in Early Childhood Settings (IDEAS) system on 13 automated indices of language output using recordings collected from 19 children and three teachers over two weeks in an urban preschool classroom. The accuracy of language outputs processed via IDEAS were compared to ground truth via linear correlations and median absolute relative error. Findings indicate high correlations between IDEAS and ground truth data on measures of teacher and child speech, and relatively low error rates on the majority of IDEAS language output measures. Study findings indicate that IDEAS may provide a useful measurement tool for advancing knowledge about children's classroom experiences and their role in shaping development.

Research advances on the hard seededness trait of soybean and the underlying regulatory mechanisms.

Soybean is one of the world's most economically significant crops and is widely utilized as an essential source of vegetable protein and edible oil. Cultivated soybean is domesticated from its annual counterpart, wild soybean, which is considered valuable germplasm for soybean breeding. However, wild soybean accessions generally produce seeds with impermeable coats, a trait known as hard seededness (HS), which is beneficial for long-term seed survival but is undesirable for the uniform water absorption and germination of seeds, thus limiting the utilization of wild soybeans in breeding. In addition, moderate HS can isolate the embryo from the surrounding environment and is thus beneficial for long-term seed storage and germplasm preservation. The HS trait is primarily associated with the structure and chemical composition of the seed coat. Moreover, its development is also influenced by various environmental conditions, such as water and temperature. Genetic analysis has revealed that HS of soybean is a complex quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes or minor quantitative trait loci (QTL), with many QTLs and several causal genes currently identified. Investigating the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying this trait is crucial for soybean breeding, production, and food processing. For this article, the literature was reviewed and condensed to create a well-rounded picture of the current understanding of internal and external factors, QTLs, causal genes, and the regulatory mechanisms related to the HS of soybean, with the aim of providing reference for future research and utilization of this trait.

Impact of Thermosonication Treatment on Parsley Juice: Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Thermosonication (TS), also known as ultrasonic-assisted heat treatment, is gaining attention in liquid product processing due to its ability to improve quality parameters and can serve as an alternative to thermal treatments. The parsley juice (TS-PJ) was subjected to thermosonication treatment (frequency: 26 kHz; power: 200 W; amplitude 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%; temperature: 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 °C; time: 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 min) and was compared with untreated control parsley juice (C-PJ) and pasteurized treated (P-PJ) (85 °C/2 min) parsley juice samples. The objectives of the research work were to determine the effect of thermosonication on the quality attributes such as total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid of parsley juice using particle swarm algorithm (PSO), multiple linear regression (MLR), and response surface methodology (RSM). Thermosonication enhanced the bioactive compounds of parsley juice. The results showed that 15 phenolic compounds were detected in the samples. There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in gallic acid contents in ultrasound-treated TS-PJ. There was no significant difference in total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid content between C-PJ and TS-PJ samples. Na and K from macro minerals and Fe and Zn from micro minerals were high in PJ samples. While K contents were increased, P contents were lower in the TS-PJ sample. RSM modeling provided superior prediction compared to MLR. PSO, on the other hand, made good predictions intuitively. Thermosonication enriched parsley juice's bioactive components and had positive health effects.

Molecular Characterization and Antibacterial Resistance Determination of Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Raw Mussels and Ready-to-Eat Stuffed Mussels: A Major Public Health Concern.

Our study focused exclusively on analyzing Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination in fresh raw mussels and ready-to-eat (RTE) stuffed mussels obtained from authorized and regulated facilities. However, it is critical to recognize that such contamination represents a significant public health threat in regions where unauthorized harvesting and sales practices are prevalent. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence, molecular characteristics, and antibacterial resistance profiles of E. coli in fresh raw mussels and RTE stuffed mussels. E. coli counts in fresh raw mussel samples ranged from 1 to 2.89 log CFU/g before cooking, with a significant reduction observed post-cooking. RTE stuffed mussel samples predominantly exhibited negligible E. coli presence (<1 log CFU/g). A phylogenetic analysis revealed a dominance of phylogroup A, with variations in the distribution observed across different sampling months. Antibacterial resistance was prevalent among the E. coli isolates, notably showing resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, and cefotaxime. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL) production was rare, with only one positive isolate detected. A variety of antibacterial resistance genes, including tetB and sul1, were identified among the isolates. Notably, virulence factor genes associated with pathogenicity were absent. In light of these findings, it is imperative to maintain rigorous compliance with quality and safety standards at all stages of the mussel production process, encompassing harvesting, processing, cooking, and consumption. Continuous monitoring, implementation of rigorous hygiene protocols, and responsible antibacterial drug use are crucial measures in mitigating food safety risks and combating antibacterial resistance. Stakeholders, including seafood industry players, regulatory agencies, and healthcare professionals, are essential to ensure effective risk mitigation and safeguard public health in the context of seafood consumption.

Управління відходами упаковки: європейські стандарти та законодавство України

The article is devoted to the study of the current state and prospects of implementation into national legislation of the normative provisions of the European Union in the field of waste management, in particular the Directive of the European Parliament and the Council “On packaging and packaging waste” (1994, December 20) No. 94/62/EU. Ukraine undertook to implement a number of Directives in the field of waste management. After the enactment of the Law of Ukraine “On Waste Management”, which takes into account European approaches based, in particular, on the provisions of the Framework Directive of the European Parliament and the Council No. 2008/98/EU of November 19, 2008 “On Waste and Repeal of Certain Directives”, a draft law on packaging and packaging waste has been developed. This draft law is aimed at determining the legal, economic and organizational principles in the field of handling packaging and packaging waste. The main European approaches involve significantly reducing packaging waste, adopting mandatory re-use targets, limiting unnecessary packaging and minimizing packaging, restricting certain types of packaging and using reusable packaging etc. Compliance with European standards in the field of packaging and packaging waste management means not only the adoption of a special law, but also the implementation of an effective mechanism, tools that ensure the organization of the system for preventing the generation of packaging waste, their processing and reuse. Packaging waste management is an important and complex area of waste management that requires the implementation of various measures, including development of infrastructure for separate collection of packaging waste, carrying out information and educational campaigns to raise public awareness of handling packaging waste, implementation of scientific research work in the field of progressive technologies of processing and production of products from secondary raw materials, introduction of a system of obligations and incentives for business entities and citizens that contribute to the prevention and minimization of packaging waste generation, prosecution for violations of packaging waste management rules.

Research Progress and Production Status of Edible Insects as Food in China.

Based on the background of the exacerbating food shortage in the world, it is particularly important to diversify food resources in every possible direction. Among the choices available, edible insects have become an important alternative source of animal food with their high nutritional and functional (pharmacological) values, partially replacing normally consumed animal and livestock protein food sources. The utilization of edible insects has been an ancient custom since the dawn of civilization, attributed to their rich nutrition, alternate protein source, medicinal values, and presence of diverse secondary metabolites and alkaloids. This review provides an introduction to three key aspects of edible insects as food: freshness, long-term preservation, and medicinal value. It also provides details on the food source and products of edible insect species, their detailed nutritional composition and medicinal values, and their potential in producing alternative protein sources. Additionally, the review also encompasses rearing and producing technologies, resource utilization, and industrial development in China. Simultaneously, the problems and challenges faced in the artificial rearing and production development of edible insects, the production advantages over traditional livestock, and the farming evaluation and prospects of edible insects, as well as the lack of specific legislation on edible insects in China, are discussed. This review will be helpful in scientific knowledge propagation regarding edible insects for the public, guiding consumers to establish a diverse perception of sustainable agriculture and food sources in the world that has, as yet, been thwarted by food insecurity. Moreover, though edible insects could potentially serve as part of a commercial and industrial agri-enterprise that could generate a huge income, artificial rearing technology and edible insect product manufacturing and processing have not received sufficient attention from the government on a policy level, thereby leaving an open space for extensive research on edible insects as an alternate food source as well as an examination of the industrial prospects of edible insect products.

Electrohydrodynamic processing in biodiesel production from waste cooking oil

In this paper we describe the design, creation, and development of immobilizing calcium oxide (CaO) catalysts onto degradable polymeric mats for environmentally friendly biodiesel production. The polyethersulfone (PES) fiber mats was prepared by electrospinning technique, in which immobilized CaO particles were physically entrapped on the fibers. Immobilized and free-flowing CaO catalysts were later successfully used in the transesterification of fresh and waste canola oil into biodiesel. Entrapped CaO particles in the PES fibers were able to be re-used up to six times in the conversion of triglycerides from fresh canola oil into biodiesel, while transesterification process of waste oil was successfully repeated with immobilized CaO for four times. The use of electrospinning technique allows the creation of a degradable, easily separable and reusable catalysts, which provides a sustainable method for future transesterification reactions of waste oil.

Оценка воздействия гербицида на основе глифосата на культурные однолетние растения и микробиоту почвы при его внесении на почву по результатам двух вегетационных опытов

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of herbicide and its metabolites on cultivated annual plants (dill, mustard, spinach, coriander) and soil microorganisms collected during two vegetation experiments on the same soil samples. The research was conducted in 2023 and 2024 on the basis of the laboratory of the Department of Agrotechnology, Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products of the I.A. Bunin Yelets State University. Soil samples were collected earlier in 2023 in the marketing consumer cooperative «Timiryazevsky» of the Dolgorukovsky district of the Lipetsk region. Keywords: GLYPHOSATE, SOIL, CHERNOZEM, DILL, MUSTARD, SPINACH, CORIANDER, MICROORGANISMS

Optimal Ratio Determination of Tembang Fish Meal Addition (Sardinella Fimbriata) in Biscuit Making Through Organoleptic Quality and Moisture Content Evaluation

Purpose: This study aims to determine the optimal ratio of tembang fish flour addition to enhance the nutritional value of biscuits while maintaining their quality. Methodology: The research was conducted from June to July 2022 at the Applied Marine Product Processing Technology Laboratory and the Basic Laboratory of Politeknik Palu, Central Sulawesi Province. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for moisture content tests, and a Randomized Block Design (RBD) was used for organoleptic tests with five treatments of tembang fish flour addition: P1 (0 g), P2 (10 g), P3 (15 g), P4 (20 g), and P5 (25 g), each repeated three times. Results: The study found that the best addition of tembang fish flour in biscuits was P4, with a preference level of 'Like' (score 4) and moisture content below the maximum standard for biscuits (3.5% per 100 grams). Findings: Tembang fish biscuits are economical and significantly cheaper than other brands. Novelty: This research explores the use of tembang fish flour to diversify and enhance the nutritional profile of biscuits. Originality: The study offers detailed analysis and evidence of the nutritional and economic benefits of adding tembang fish flour to biscuits. Conclusions: Adding tembang fish flour improves the nutritional value and quality of biscuits, making them a viable and economical alternative. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Article

Assessment of Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ecballium Elaterium (L.) Seeds Grown in Natural Environment

In this study, Several essential physical and mechanical properties of the seeds of the Ecballium elaterium (L.) plant, which grows naturally in Balıkesir province of Turkey and has some medicinal properties, were determined for product processing and similar processes. All properties were evaluated at different moisture states ranging from 11.48% to 22%, and the changes of these properties according to moisture were observed. At an initial moisture content of 11.48%, Ecballium seeds had a length of 4.72 mm, a width of 2.85 mm, a thickness of 2.09 mm, an arithmetic mean diameter of 3.22 mm, a geometric mean diameter of 3.04 mm, a sphericity of 64.45%, and a thousand grain weight of 13.61 g. As a result of measurements conducted on Ecballium seed re-wetted to moisture levels between 11.48% and 22%, it was observed that its bulk density decreased from 501.00 kg m-³ to 468.5 kg m-³ its true density decreased from 965.67 kg m-³ to 870 kg m-³ its projected area increased from 10.60 mm² to 11.51 mm², its rupture strength decreased from 5.08 N/mm-² to 2.98 N/mm-², and its terminal velocity increased from 2.69 m s-1 to 3.06 m s-1.

Dairy factory milk product processing and sustainable of the shelf-life extension with artificial intelligence: a model study

This study models milk product processing and sustainable of the shelf-life extension in a dairy factory using artificial intelligence. The Cappadocia dairy factory was used to study chemical processes and computational system modeling and simulation. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm was used to create an artificial neural network model from real-time data. An AI-based method utilizing a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was employed to precisely analyze productivity data in dairy factories. There are 9 product types and production quantities used as input parameters, and 90 datasets of actual dairy products used as output values. The model was trained using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm on 62 datasets for training, 14 for validation, and 14 for testing. The accuracy of the model is affected by the optimal data segmentation. The model showed how AI algorithms can improve processes and industrial production by increasing dairy production efficiency from 20 to 40%. Model efficiency values were compared to observed values to determine prediction accuracy. Model mean squared error was 4.02E-06, and coefficient of determination was 0.99984. Model efficiency predictions and observed values differed by −0.04% on average. This study investigated using artificial intelligence to optimize salvage processes and systems to increase energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. The results show that a neural network model trained with real data can predict dairy plant productivity.

Multiobjective flexible job-shop scheduling optimization for manufacturing servitization

PurposeWith the development trend of China’s service-oriented manufacturing moving toward intelligence and personalization, the deep integration of manufacturing and service has become a synergistic challenge for enterprises.Design/methodology/approachAn improved migratory bird optimization (IMBO) algorithm is proposed to solve the multiobjective FJSP model. First, this paper designs an integer encoding method based on job-machine. The algorithm adopts the greedy decoding method to obtain the optimal scheduling solution. Second, this paper combines three initialization rules to enhance the quality of the initial population. Third, three neighborhood search strategies are combined to improve the search capability and convergence of the solution space. Furthermore, the IMBO algorithm introduces the concepts of nondominated ranking and crowding degree to update the population better. Finally, the optimal solution is obtained after multiple iterations.FindingsThrough the simulation of 15 benchmark studies and a production example of a furniture enterprise, the IMBO algorithm is compared with three other algorithms: the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, the global and local search with reinitialization-based genetic algorithm and the hybrid grey wolf optimization algorithm. The experiment results show the effectiveness of the IMBO algorithm in solving the multiobjective FJSP.Practical implicationsThe study does not consider the influence of disturbance factors, such as emergency interventions and equipment failures, on scheduling in actual production processing. It is necessary to further study the dynamic FJSP problem.Originality/valueThe study proposes an IMBO algorithm to solve the multiobjective FJSP problem. It also uses three initialization rules to broaden the range of the solution space. The study applies multiple crossover strategies to avoid the algorithm falling into local optimality.

Bio responsive block: The performance of bio waste material with reduced environmental impact

The key purpose of this research is to establish guidelines on how to manage Bio Waste Material. A field study was performed to examine the environmental problems caused by Bio Waste Material that is made up of Perna Viridis (PV) shells, the latter of which is a common type of mussel found in Bang Ja Kreng Community, Samut Songkhram Province. This area is a fishery location and experiences vast quantities of shell waste, which ultimately impacts community pollution. It is not possible to dispose of this waste in a traditional manner and there are no specific locations where the shells can be dumped. Consequently, most people secretly dispose of them in mangrove forests or along public roadsides. Thus, in order to facilitate future use, the researcher conducted an analytical investigation to examine material performance. The temperatures at which mussel shells were burned were 400, 800, and 1200 °C. An X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a device that examines X-ray diffraction through layers of atoms or molecules in materials or sample substances, was Utilised to Analyse their elements. Furthermore, this analytical investigation also included X-ray fluorescence (XRF) as a tool to examine the elemental compositions. It was discovered that burning altered the chemical structure at different temperatures. Portland cement contained the same components. It was revealed that CaO constituted as much as 80.14 % of the weight below 1200 °C. In general, CaO was discovered to constitute up to 64.73 % of the weight when comparing cement. It is a substance that is used to research cement reduction when manufacturing Bio-Responsive Blocks. In order to compare lower costs and larger profits, the compound was divided into different ratios. An ANSYS simulation was used to Analyse the material properties and create three models: one for a single concrete Block and another for an 80 × 80 cm wall. The experiments did not involve the use of columns or beams. Instead of using the wall as a load-bearing wall, the goal was to add value to the product processing of mussel shell waste and determine how it can be recycled and reused beneficially (i.e., to improve sustainability or create a pleasant community environment.

Review of Solar Greenhouse Drying Systems in Conjunction with Hybrid Technological Features, Designs, Operations, and Economic Implications for Agro‐Food Product Processing Application

This review reports recent developments in solar greenhouse drying systems in conjunction with hybrid technological features and their designs, operations, and economic implications as well as application in agro‐food product processing. Solar energy is one of the most efficient renewable energy sources to be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. This form of energy is the finest option for space heating and electricity generation among the available renewable energy sources. Solar energy can be used directly or indirectly for dehydrating agricultural and nonagricultural products. However, the products are susceptible to natural disasters such as rain, insects, and animals in open‐air sun drying. Solar greenhouse drying systems in conjunction with hybrid technological features are one of the most recent applications used in the agro‐food processing sectors. The review shows that the quality of products dried in conservatories is superior to that of products traditionally dried under the sun. Further, higher sustainability of the solar greenhouse‐oriented hybrid drying system in terms of embodied energy, energy return time, CO2 emission, net CO2 mitigation, and carbon credit can also be observed with the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis, i.e., strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of solar dryers. This shows the framework for abundant real‐world applications.

Operation risk assessment of Flexible Manufacturing Networks subject to quality-reliability coupling

In flexible manufacturing network (FMN), the growth of product types increases the diversity of interacting behaviors between machine reliability and product quality, and the product diversity and machine flexibility promote the explosion of processing routes and processing sequences, increasing the gap between current risk evaluation of manufacturing systems and engineering practice. To fill this gap, a novel operation risk assessment framework is constructed for the complex FMN. In detail, to model the reliability-quality interactions, a mathematical framework describing a complete manufacturing process involving "feedstock quality (Q1) - machine degradation (R) - product processing quality (Q2) - quality inspection status (I)" is proposed for complex FMN, solving the measurement of interacting behaviors between machine reliability and product quality in an FMN that suffers from both multiple process routes and multi-type products. Then, an effective evaluation framework is proposed to evaluate the connectivity risk of multiple process routes and the quality risk of multiple product types in a complex FMN, providing a concurrent solution for risk evaluation under both complex system structures and complex quality-reliability interrelationships. At last, a simulation experiment verifies the effectiveness of our proposed methods and reveals differences in the operation risk of different product types in an FMN.

Mannooligosaccharide production from açaí seeds by enzymatic hydrolysis: optimization through response surface methodology.

Recognized for its bioactive compounds, açaí has become a functional food, but it has a low pulp yield, and the seeds are the main waste. This study investigates the potential of açaí seeds (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) to produce mannooligosaccharides (MOS) through enzymatic hydrolysis. Using response surface methodology (RSM), the research optimizes MOS extraction while minimizing mannose production and reducing processing time, achieving MOS production of about 10g/L, a value within the range of similar investigations. The RSM quadratic models establish correlations between MOS production (M2-M5) and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions, with R2 values ranging from 0.6136 to 0.9031. These models are used to emphasize MOS performance (M2-M5) while reducing mannose production, which also promotes profitability by reducing time. Experimental validation agrees with model predictions, highlighting optimal conditions near 40°C, intermediate enzyme loading, and basic pH that effectively promotes MOS generation on mannose within an accelerated processing time frame. With predictions of experimental results within a margin of error of < 9%, the validity of the models was acceptable. This research contributes to the advancement of the understanding of the enzymatic hydrolysis of açaí seeds, which is a step toward the sustainable use of resources with a focus on process engineering aspects.

ORGANISATIONAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT FOR FOOD SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF EXTRAORDINARY CHALLENGES

The theoretical and methodological basis of the research presented in the scientific paper is based on the solution of the problem of the effective functioning of the market environment, agricultural market infrastructure in Ukraine, problems and prospects that Ukrainian agrarian modernity has today in the development of global food markets. An important block of issues is also the role of the state in building new mechanisms of restrictions and incentives, implementation of the whole set of regulatory policies during the war in the context of global political, economic, food and financial challenges. The purpose of the study is to improve scientific approaches and practical recommendations for solving the problem of ensuring the organisational and economic foundations of the functioning of the agrarian market in Ukraine under martial law. In order to achieve this goal, a wide range of research methods was used, the most important of which were the methods of generalisation and synthesis, scientific abstraction, analytical diagnostics, descriptive statistics. The methodical basis of the research were general and special methods, namely: system analysis - in order to comprehensively characterise the strategic potential of agricultural development; statistical analysis (method of standard deviation) of the dynamics of gross production by main types of agricultural products, generalisation and synthesis - in order to examine the legislative and regulatory bases in the direction of diagnosis of the potential of the agricultural sector to ensure the sustainability of national food security. The dialectical method of understanding socio-economic processes, the formal-logical method and the method of system analysis have been applied in order to better understand the processes of the country's food supply, the formation of food independence from imports, the identification of the regularities of the processes of food self-sufficiency, as well as to take into account the influence of macroeconomic factors on the improvement of the level of national food supply and food security. The main set of indicators and factors (conditions) of national food security and the set of indicators of national food security were formed to address important issues of food supply in accordance with the country's potential capabilities in the production, storage, processing of agricultural products to provide food for all categories of the population with appropriate levels of consumption, as well as food of adequate quality and safety. The study determines that the economic focus of regulatory measures on the food sector, on the protection of domestic consumers, will lead to the provision of agricultural producers with the necessary and optimal level of income, and will help to increase the competitiveness of the agricultural sector as a whole. It has been proved that solving the problem of improving the organisational and economic foundations of functioning of the agrarian market of Ukraine under martial law will generally contribute to ensuring the level of national food security, which will further give a powerful impetus to the State-building in Ukraine under martial law.