Product Development Resources Research Articles

Elderberry Hydrolate: Exploring Chemical Profile, Antioxidant Potency and Antigenotoxicity for Cosmetic Applications

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) hydrolate, derived from domestic steam distillation, holds promise as a multifunctional ingredient for skincare and cosmetic applications. This study investigates the chemical composition and biological activities of elderberry hydrolate obtained through steam distillation. Despite the growing interest in elderberry hydrolate, there has been a lack of comprehensive studies elucidating its chemical composition and potential bioactive constituents. To address this gap, we conducted a detailed analysis of elderberry hydrolate’s composition, antioxidant activity, and antigenotoxicity. Genotoxic evaluation and antioxidant assays (ABTS, DPPH) were conducted to assess its biological properties. We obtained elderberry hydrolate with a notable transfer of aromatic compounds through the steam distillation process, highlighting its efficacy and sustainability. The chemical characterization identified vital compounds, including phenylacetaldehyde, 2-acetyl-pyrrole, and an unidentified major component, collectively contributing to the hydrolate’s aromatic and biological properties. The genotoxic evaluation using the Comet assay demonstrated the hydrolate’s protective effects against DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and streptonigrin. The optimal DNA protection was observed at 10% (w/v), attributed to the antioxidant activity of the identified compounds. The hydrolate exhibited significant antioxidant potential, demonstrating concentration-dependent responses and correlating higher concentrations with increased antioxidant activity. These findings underscore the multifaceted attributes of elderberry hydrolate, positioning it as a promising natural ingredient for skincare. This study supports elderberry hydrolate as a valuable natural and sustainable product development resource.

Strengthening Puspa Lebo Sidoarjo Development Through Pentahelix Collaboration: A Qualitative Analysis


 
 
 
 
 
 This study analyzes the development of Puspa Lebo Sidoarjo by employing the pentahelix approach, fostering cooperation among government, industry, academia, society, and the media. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation, the study demonstrates that the pentahelix approach effectively enhances the area's development. The local government provides policy and regulatory support, enabling East Java agribusiness growth, while industry contributes to product development and marketing networks. Academics play a role in product research, development, and human resource improvement. Communities offer support and active involvement in product development and marketing, while the media provides positive coverage and promotions. The implications of this research underscore the significance of collaborative efforts among multiple sectors in regional development, showcasing the potential of the pentahelix model in fostering sustainable growth.
 Highlight:
 
 Pentahelix Collaboration: The study explores the effectiveness of the pentahelix approach, emphasizing the cooperation between government, industry, academia, society, and the media in advancing the development of Puspa Lebo Sidoarjo.
 Multisectoral Contributions: The research highlights the significant contributions of different sectors in the development process, including the local government's policy support, industry's involvement in product development and marketing, academics' role in research and human resource improvement, community support, and the media's positive coverage and promotions.
 Sustainability and Growth: The implications suggest that collaborative efforts among multiple sectors are vital for achieving sustainable regional development, showcasing the potential of the pentahelix model in fostering continued growth in the area.
 
 Keyword: Puspa Lebo Sidoarjo, Pentahelix Approach, Regional Development, Collaboration, Qualitative Analysis
 
 
 
 
 

ការប្រើប្រាស់រុក្ខជាតិក្នុងស្រុកសម្រាប់ដោះស្រាយបញ្ហាកង្វះអាហារូបត្ថម្ភនៅកម្ពុជា

• Nutritional deficiency can cause a serious problem for human health. This paper aims to explore and predict the nutrition status in Cambodia, as well as provide recommendations for addressing the burden of malnutrition via the utilization of local plants as part of a plant-based diet. • Data on childhood stunting, thinness, and anemia among women from 2000 to 2019 were used to explore the nutrition status and projecting forward to the next decade using R statistical software. • Results showed that one out of five children aged under 5 years old had stunting, whereas one out of ten children (5-19 years old) had thinness, and one out of two women, particularly those in rural areas, had anaemia. • Relevant national policies and evidence from recent research are discussed and used to support the idea proposed for the utilization of local plants. These plants can serve as resources for new product development, such as snacks and sweetened beverages for the specific nutrition needs (e.g., Fe, Zn, and vitamins A, B, C) of children and women. They can also support other healthy food functions such as antioxidants, antiaging, high fibre, etc. • These local plants should be prioritized to support their development and use to address the nutritional issues in Cambodia.

Digitalization of manufacturing for implanting value, configuring circularity and achieving sustainability

PurposeThis paper explores the relationships between Industry 4.0-driven technologies and the circular economy-driven business model (CEDBM) components of value creation, delivery and capture along manufacturing processes.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature, a research model is developed in which the three CEBDM components are represented by five components: product service system (PSS), product design, industrial symbiosis (IS), consumer interaction and pay-per-use/rental. For each of these five components, enabling Industry 4.0 technologies are identified and vague interdependence relationships were assessed using a fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method.FindingsThis paper contributes to the literature by exploring the relationships of the CEDBM components of value creation, value delivery and value capture with Industry 4.0-driven technological enablers. In addition, causal relationships between Industry 4.0 technologies and their relevance for facilitating CE-enabled manufacturing processes are identified, and finally, Industry 4.0-driven technological enablers of CE are categorized as base and front-end technologies.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that value delivery-based differentiation provides new avenues for value creation and innovative forms of value capture in CEDBMs.Practical implicationsPractitioners can use the findings to develop a roadmap for Industry 4.0-driven technological solutions for CE.Social implicationsCE-driven processes of manufacturing provide not only opportunities for value capture, creation and delivery but also avenues for customer-centric product and service development and effective resource utilization.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to identify value creation, delivery and capture processes along with Industry 4.0-enabled manufacturing processes.

High Road Strategy in the Era of Eco-friendly Car Paradigm - Making of Korean Production System Version 4.0

R&D enables car manufacturers to remain innovative and competitive. For example, producing eco-friendly cars in light of environmental concerns. Professor Hyung Je Jo, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ulsan University, South Korea, has studied the development process of the Korean automobile industry for more than 30 years and is conducting research to help this industry transition to the ‘green car’ paradigm and overcome interrelated challenges. A current research focus for Jo and the team is how internal combustion and electric vehicle production systems are impacted when this is transferred to a different country. The researchers have performed a case study looking at Hyundai’s motor plant in Alabama, US for which Jo visited the plant for a week in July 2009, during which time he conducted interviews and performed participant observation and then published a paper. He revisited the plant in July 2012 for a complementary study. The team also compared German and Korean automotive manufacturers in Central-Eastern Europe, discovering that the disparate strategies and labour-management relations of the mother company have different effects on the product development and human resource management methods of local factories in Slovakia. Now, the researchers are working on a ‘high road strategy’ in the era of the eco-friendly car paradigm.

Reducing the Total Product Cost at the Product Design Stage

Currently used decision support systems allow decision-makers to evaluate the product performance, including a net present value analysis, in order to enable them to make a decision regarding whether or not to carry out a new product development project. However, these solutions are inadequate to provide simulations for verifying a possibility of reducing the total product cost through changes in the product design phase. The proposed approach provides a framework for identifying possible variants of changes in product design that can reduce the cost related to the production and after-sales phase. This paper is concerned with using business analytics to cost estimation and simulation regarding changes in product design. The cost of a new product is estimated using analogical and parametric models that base on artificial neural networks. Relationships identified by computational intelligence are used to prepare cost estimation and simulations. A model of product development, production process, and admissible resources is described in terms of a constraint satisfaction problem that is effectively solved using constraint programming techniques. The proposed method enables the selection of a more appropriate technique to cost estimation, the identification of a set of possible changes in product design towards reducing the total product cost, and it is the framework for developing a decision support system. In this aspect, it outperforms current methods dedicated for evaluating the potential of a new product.

FOSIC2020: Science and Technology in Combating Current and Future Global Challenges (LASU Virtual Conference, 2- 4 December 2020)

The Lagos State University 7th bi-annual Faculty of Science International Conference 2020 tagged LASU FOSIC2020 was held virtually from 2nd-4th December, 2020. The theme of the conference was Science and Technology in combating current and future global challenges. To justify the theme, different sub-themes were combined cutting across biological/medical, chemical and physical sciences including: global ecology and challenges of combating infectious human and zoonotic diseases, emerging perspectives on epidemiology of infectious diseases, post COVID-19 effects on fisheries and aquaculture, molecular approaches in curtailing the scourge of diseases, chemistry of natural resources for sustainable product development, medicinal plants as antidotes, dynamical system analysis, modelling and optimization, artificial intelligence in the 4th industrial revolution, and demystifying 5G technology: the role of physics in tackling global health challenges. This summary therefore presents some of the observations raised at the conference. Topical models and practical strategies at flattening the curve of COVID-19 pandemic in African most populous city, Lagos was presented by the Deputy Governor of Lagos State, while Director General of the Nigerian Institute for Medical Research delivered the keynote address followed by the special guest speaker from Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General hospital, USA amongst others. To the best of our knowledge, FOSIC2020 was the first free and 100% virtual international conference organised by any Nigerian University to date. Overall, a total of 130 papers were presented by researchers out of the 334 registered participants representing 36 institutions from 14 countries across the world. FOSIC2020 was declared closed with a free technical workshop focusing on V2V global partnership from vulnerability to viability project by the team leaders from the University of Waterloo Canada and Lagos State University with members of panel as postgraduate students across different countries. Free electronics book of abstracts and certificates were given to all the participants.

Construction of Enterprise Management Business Model Based on Internet of Things RFID Technology

This paper proposes a new tag anticollision algorithm. On the basis of the common query tree algorithm, this algorithm increases the number of query bits, so that the algorithm has a faster tag identification amount in the state of full time slots. Collision bit and total response bit are used to estimate the number of tags, and combined with the highest collision bit to determine whether it is continuous, the number of query crosses is adaptively adjusted, and a variable bit dynamic query tree tag anticollision algorithm is designed. In conjunction with the settlement environment, improvements have also been made in the status of the identified tags. The new algorithm has improved progress in reducing idle time slots and reducing search depth. Under the premise of ensuring stability, the recognition efficiency of the algorithm is improved. From the perspective of different dimensions of corporate network and marketing dynamic capabilities, based on the strength of network relationships and product development processes, it can promote value creation model innovation in business model innovation. That is, when the network partners communicate very frequently, they can provide new ideas and resources for enterprise product development and creation and then can better integrate innovation through product innovation, quality improvement, product development cycle shortening, and development advance management. Typed products and resources are put into the operation process of the industrial chain of product output to better create new products for customers and lay the foundation for realizing the innovation of corporate value creation models. Based on the network density and customer relationship process, it can promote the value proposition model innovation in the business model innovation. Enterprise business model innovation should not only pay attention to the collaborative innovation between different elements within the enterprise but also pay attention to the overall coordination mechanism of the company’s external interest network, pay attention to the different value propositions of stakeholders through the enterprise network, and cultivate the enterprise’s rapid response to market changes. Network centrality has the greatest positive impact on the supply chain process. The company develops new products, manages customer relationships across departments, and implements supply chain management across departments.

Resource sharing method of new product development in the digital market based on blockchain

In order to overcome the problems of long query time and low efficiency in the process of new product development resource sharing in digital market, this paper proposes a new resource sharing method for new product development in digital market based on blockchain. Based on the blockchain technology, this method constructs the knowledge sharing system of new product development in digital market. This paper analyses the faults existing in the system shared data, and introduces the contents of these faults in the technical part into ontology, constructs the knowledge sharing model, promotes the resource sharing mechanism of new product development, and completes the resource integration and sharing of new product development according to the ontology knowledge base. The experimental results show that the query time is controlled within 80 s, and the time efficiency is higher.

The National Institutes of Health Chemical Countermeasures Research Program (NIH CCRP): A collaborative opportunity to develop effective and accessible chemical medical countermeasures for the American people.

The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) leads the nation in preventing, preparing for, and responding to the adverse health effects of public health emergencies and disasters. In addition to biological, radiological and nuclear agents, the risk of a high consequence public health emergency due to the intentional and/or accidental release of chemical agents is a major growing concern of the US government. As such, the federal government is fully committed to address public health security threats posed by chemicals. To enhance chemical emergency preparedness and response, HHS oversees the interdepartmental research, advanced development, regulatory review and approval, procurement, and stockpiling of medical countermeasures (MCMs). Within the National Institute of Health (NIH/HHS), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is responsible for the fundamental research and early development of MCMs to prevent deaths and/or treat injuries during and after emergencies due to large scale chemical exposure. This commentary provides an overview of the NIAID/NIH Chemical Countermeasures Research Program (CCRP) and resources to facilitate the research, discovery, and early development of chemical MCMs. Available product development resources include research funding opportunities, expert advice from the NIH, and preclinical and efficacy service support cores to reduce opportunity costs and entry barriers for prospective developers interested in entering or accelerating the development of chemical MCMs.

Microstructural characterization, applications and process study of various additive manufacturing process: A review

Advancement in manufacturing technology, prototyping, machining etc. are concerned with material optimization, process optimization, financial optimization and sustainable development. The current review on characterization, applications and process study of various additive manufacturing (AM) processes deals with the systematic use of resources in product development. The comprehensive description on additive manufacturing techniques, its applications and needs are illustrated. The attempt is to diagnose the research gap in the process study and to forecast the new methodology and applications in the all the field like automobile, aerospace, biomedical etc. through AM. The tool making for friction stir welding purpose, complex geometries, etc. were fabricated without increasing the overall cost through AM techniques. The applications of AM techniques in composite based materials are also characterized. The comparative analysis between subtractive and additive manufacturing are highlighted and future scope is tried to identify.

A framework of practices supporting the reuse of technological knowledge

Technology-intensive companies invest considerable of resources in product development to bring competitive products to market. Since market demand is continuously changing, the capability to renew offerings quickly and at low cost is an important source of competitive advantage. Even if components and designs may need to be updated when releasing new products, their underlying technologies and designs can usually be reused to enable fast and cost-efficient development. To be proficient in practices that support reuse of technologies thus constitutes an important organizational capability, but identifying and assessing these practices has not been a straightforward task for technology developers and managers. This paper presents a literature review regarding technology reuse in four main dimensions; Strategy, Process, Culture, and Information Technology. The dimensions are further decomposed into a framework with twelve principles that supports this technology reuse capability, including technology platform strategy and reusability assessment. Besides providing a theoretical overview of practices supporting the reuse of technology, the framework can also be used in practice to facilitate the assessment of the current reuse capability of an organization. Industrial cases, illustrating real technology development issues, are used to highlight the principles of the framework. Further, a self-assessment scorecard is demonstrated with data from two companies that develop and manufacture high-tech products.

WIPO Re:Search: Catalyzing Public-Private Partnerships to Accelerate Tropical Disease Drug Discovery and Development.

Tropical diseases, including malaria and a group of infections termed neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), pose enormous threats to human health and wellbeing globally. In concert with efforts to broaden access to current treatments, it is also critical to expand research and development (R&D) of new drugs that address therapeutic gaps and concerns associated with existing medications, including emergence of resistance. Limited commercial incentives, particularly compared to products for diseases prevalent in high-income countries, have hindered many pharmaceutical companies from contributing their immense product development know-how and resources to tropical disease R&D. In this article we present WIPO Re:Search, an international initiative co-led by BIO Ventures for Global Health (BVGH) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), as an innovative and impactful public-private partnership model that promotes cross-sector intellectual property sharing and R&D to accelerate tropical disease drug discovery and development. Importantly, WIPO Re:Search also drives progress toward the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through case studies, we illustrate how WIPO Re:Search empowers high-quality tropical disease drug discovery researchers from academic/non-profit organizations and small companies (including scientists in low- and middle-income countries) to leapfrog their R&D programs by accessing pharmaceutical industry resources that may not otherwise be available to them.

Impacts of innovation type SME’s R&D capability on patent and new product development

PurposeThis study aims to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of corporate technology innovation activities.Design/methodology/approachThis study empirically analyzes the effects of research and development (R&D) capability on patent and new product development achievements on innovation-type small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by using the “Report on Korean Innovation Survey 2010: Manufacturing Sector” data released by the Science and Technology Policy Institute.FindingsThe results of the study indicate that staffing of the concentration of R&D human resource team and efforts toward open innovation are essential factors for the creation of corporate performance.The number of persons of the concentration R&D team in particular makes up essential resources for patent acquisition and new product development. In addition, in case of an SME’s with relatively poor resources, it is necessary to acquire resources, both material and immaterial, learn from the external R&D activities and internalize those into key corporate capabilities rather than step up the R&D activities on their own.Originality/valueThe results of this study indicate that innovative small enterprises need to secure the number of R&D human resource members for maintaining sustainable competitiveness and securing market share. Therefore, a strategy is needed that would enable employing and raising excellent human resource in the quantitative and qualitative aspects. However, in the circumstances that small enterprises suffer difficulty in securing professional human resource for R&D compared to large enterprises, as there is a limitation for securing human resource for R&D from only the dimension of enterprises, governmental and political support is thought to be necessary for securing good-quality human resource for R&D. Accordingly, the results of this study provide many implications for the necessity of detailed methodology on how to expand professional human resource for R&D among supporting policies for technical innovative enterprises and to establish innovative strategies of enterprises.

Sustainable human resource management as a driver in tourism policy and planning: a serious sin of omission?

ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on the neglect of an employment or workforce focus in policy engagement and planning for sustainable tourism. Tourism is of interest here because there is an established role for government and the private sector in policy engagement and strategic planning with respect to product development, infrastructure, marketing and human resource capacity and the focus has increasingly emphasised sustainable goals within this process. The discussion addresses the central role of people and work within concepts of sustainability and sustainable communities and questions why this has been, substantially, ignored in tourism. The paper starts by recognising the interconnectedness of employment in tourism and its workforce concerns with a wide range of inter-linked policy and operational considerations. This, in turn, points to the utility of the sustainable HRM model as a means by which to frame tourism work. Thereafter, this paper introduces new approaches through the proposal of sustainability indicators that have both theoretical and practical policy formation value in relation to the workforce. These sustainable employment capacity, service delivery capacity and service quality capacity with which policy-makers can gauge their readiness for sustainable growth in tourism employment. The research and application implications for this approach are discussed.

Enhancing creativity for development of automation solutions using OTSM-TRIZ: A systematic case study in agronomic industry

The article describes a method to stimulate users’ creativity within constraint-based scenarios and OTSM-TRIZ, which allows to define the problems and partial solutions to be solved during the design process in an appropriate manner. The proposed method aims to overcome constraints and problems defined within product development and related organization resources. Indeed, if these constraints are not properly taken into account, the risk of generating unsuccessful and even ineffective solutions can be high. In this work, a method has been defined, based on the OTSM-TRIZ theory: it guides the users toward the problem solution through a mapping of both the problem to solve and the relationships existing among the problems and constraints. A step-by-step approach is used to describe and propose a systematic structure, allowing to link the conceptual solution with specific solution criteria in the automation field. The validation of the proposed method corresponds to a real case study, that is, the necessity of increasing the productivity of an operational plant for the palletizing process has been selected to discuss the method implementation. Finally, the results of the case study were considered successful, because it was not necessary to introduce high investments for solution development and implementation.

Toward a Process Approach of Orchestrating Resources in New Product Development

In order to be competitive on the market, firms need to create value for their customers by using resources. While resource-based theory assumes the possession of valuable and rare resources as crucial to value creation; more recently scholars have devoted further attention to the process of resource orchestration, investigating how managers structure, bundle and leverage resources in order to create value for customers. Although this framework has started shedding light on the mechanisms of using resources, empirical research has scantly adopted the processual approach so far, missing the opportunity to investigate how firms and organisational actors enact the “orchestrating” process. Among organisational processes, innovation - triggering resource renovation, technological and creative capabilities development, and creation of innovative outputs - emerges as salient to investigate resource orchestration. By implementing multiple cases, this study explores how firms orchestrate resource in product innova...

IDENTIFYING THE ‘RIGHT’ SUPPLIER FOR MODULE DEVELOPMENTS — A CROSS-INDUSTRIAL CASE ANALYSIS

Relational view argues that buying companies should integrate supplier resources in new product development (NPD) projects to realise competitive advantages. Due to decoupling of modules and the associated opportunity to allocate development activities to upstream suppliers, modular product architectures are considered to be a driving factor for the integration of supplier resources. Module developments are associated with substantial investments, long-term orientation and risks across product families for the buying firm. Therefore, supplier integration for module development is highly critical. Regardless of the relevance, research has not yet analysed, which supplier competence are considered as antecedents for successful module developments with suppliers. To close the identified gap, this paper analysed case companies from the automotive, agriculture equipment and rail vehicle industry. Technical, organisational and relationship aspects are identified as critical success factors. The results contribute to theory by adding to relational view the finding that competences for successful collaborations differ in accordance to the level of interaction between suppliers and buying firms. Moreover, this study provides a model and an evaluation scheme that helps practitioners to allocate the best suitable development role to suppliers within module developments.

Usaha Meubel Jedong Sekarputih Balongpanggang Gresik

In this program partner SMEs are SMEs whose products are handicrafts Furniture in Jedong Sekarputih Balongpanggang Gresik.UKM involved partner there are 2, namely: UD. Future Furnituredan UD.Kharisma Meubel. The main problem is the difficulty in finding potential markets, partner SMEs do not have human resources specialized in marketing. Besides, the supply of raw materials from regions in East Java began to be small. This makes the problem because the price of raw materials becomes expensive because coupled with transportation costs. Approved issues for easing within 3 years: Marketing, management, production, product development, and human resources. The priority of solutions offered is on marketing issues, more specifically, will be optimized use of IT (internet) to advance the market. Strategies in 4P Mix (Product, Price, Promotion, and Place).

The Potential of Butterflies in Tourism Diversification Product: Case Study at Coban Rais Waterfall, Batu, East Java

The diversity of Butterfly in Coban Rais is one of the potential resources for tourism product diversification and development. The aims of this paper are to determine the magnitude of the butterfly potential as a form of tourism products diversification and development in a sustainable tourism industry. There are 107 species of butterfly that come from six families was found in Coban Rais waterfall. Some species have a very large population in a specified activity, such as mud-puddling and mating. Udara akasa has the highest potential to make colony and Cyrestis lutea is a species that have the potential as a major attraction in the mud-puddling activity. Sector 3, the location of riparian with sand and gravel, is the site of the largest butterfly visits. The dry season is the highlight of a butterfly visit in Coban Rais. Development of human resources is important for the tourism products diversification in Coban Rais, i.e. the butterflies observer and visitors services. We recommend establishing a breeding center for butterfly population recovery and educational goals for visitors. Keywords: butterflies, Coban Rais, product diversification.