Produce Quality Products Research Articles

Analisis Perhitungan Biaya Produksi Dengan Metode Variable Costing Pada PT. Gudang Garam Tbk. Padang Sidempuan

Variable costing method is a method of determining the cost of production that classifies costs based on cost behavior. The calculation of the cost of production is an important thing to note because of the increasing competition between companies in producing quality products at quite competitive prices. The purpose of this study was to analyze the calculation of the cost of production using the variable costing method for the selling price of Cigarette Clove Filters at PT. Gudang Garam. Based on the calculation of the cost of production using the company method, it is higher than the calculation using the variable costing method. The cost of production using the company method is IDR 100,704,757,320 and the calculation of the cost of production using the variable costing method is IDR 68,304,757,320. Determining the selling price of the method calculatiion of the cost of production using the company method is higher than the variable costing method of IDR 1,510.57/stick. While the calculation of the cost of production using the variable costing method, the unit selling price of the product is IDR 1,024.57/stick. The difference in the selling price of this product unit occurs because the calculation of the cost of production is also different.

Analisis Penerapan Metode Akumulasi Biaya Sebagai Alat untuk Menentukan Harga Pokok Produksi pada Usaha Upiya Karanji Gorontalo

Determining the cost of production is an important thing to pay attention to because of the increasing competition between companies in producing quality products competitively in the Upiya Karanji Gorontalo Business. The aim of this research is to determine the application of the cost accumulation method as a tool for determining the cost of production using the full costing method. The research methads used to collect data are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of determining the cost of production using the full costing method are greater than the calculation of the company's cost of production, this occurs because the company does not calculate all factory overhead costs in detail, therefore it is recommended that Upiya Karanji's business calculate all overhead costs in detail and use the calculation method full costing.

PELATIHAN MEMBUAT LILIN AROMATERAPI DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN LIMBAH MINYAK GORENG

This program aims to introduce an efficient way to manage cooking oil waste in Karangmulya Village through interviews, observations, training, and hands-on practice to housewives. The subjects of this program are housewives of Karangmulya Village who will manage the cooking oil waste by producing aromatherapy candle products. The main objective is to optimize the management of cooking oil waste and produce quality products. This program takes the main raw material of cooking oil available in every home, with the aim of introducing innovative ways to turn it into value-added aromatherapy candles. The implementation method applies socialization and hands-on training in making aromatherapy candles. The results of the service are a better understanding of the right and effective way to utilize cooking oil waste for making aromatherapy candles, so that the participants of the activity can turn household waste into a potential source in creating value-added products and reducing the impact of environmental pollution.

Peningkatan teknologi bagi agroindustri pliek-u sebagai upaya pelestarian kearifan lokal di Aceh [Technology improvement on pliek-u agroindustry as an effort to maintain a local wisdom in Aceh

Pliek-u is a specialty food product in Aceh with local wisdom values that should be preserved. The Program of Community Service Based Product (PKMBP) aimed to improve the pliek-u agro-industry by adapting simple processing technologies so that it could lighten work, produce quality products, and attract the interest of the younger generation as pliek-u entrepreneurs in future. The method applied consist of surveys, preparation of tools and materials, assembly of a solar tunnel dryer type Hohenheim Aceh and a hydraulic press, training and dissemination of technology through field schools, and evaluation of the program with pre-tests and post-tests. Data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon rank test with alpha of 5%. The results of the program were the construction of 1 unit of Hohenheim Aceh tunnel dryer, 1 unit of hydraulic press, and the implementation of training and dissemination activities which have been published in the form of videos on YouTube media and press releases through online media. The results of the Wilcoxon rank test also showed that of the 13 participants whose data were valid, 100% of participants received positive rankings and the pre-test scores were significantly different from the post-test scores. Thus, it can be concluded that the program carried out has contributed to increasing the knowledge, expertise capacity, and interest of participants in pliek-u processing technologies since the profile of conventional agroindustry can be transformed to be better agroindustry by the use of solar tunnel dryer type Hohenheim Aceh and hydraulic press. In addition, the use of technologies will ensure the halal requirement of pliek-u.

PLASTIC WASTE, WOOD WASTE, ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE PRODUCTS

This community service program aims to develop creative products with economic value from processed plastic waste and wood waste by students in the school environment. This initiative was implemented to overcome environmental problems due to the increase in plastic waste and wood waste as well as to hone students' skills and creativity in the field of handicrafts. This activity involves collecting, sorting and processing plastic and wood waste available around the school. Plastic waste is transformed into various products, namely various models of decorative flowers and plant pots, while wood waste is processed into functional items such as pen racks and aesthetic baskets. Product evaluation is carried out to ensure quality and market appeal. The results of this activity show that students are able to produce quality products that have marketability for consumers. This program not only provides economic benefits for schools and students, but also increases environmental awareness, waste management skills and student creativity. Apart from that, this program succeeded in fostering a sense of social responsibility and concern for the environment among students. Thus, this community service activity in the school environment succeeded in utilizing plastic and wood waste into creative products with economic value, supporting waste reduction efforts, and making a real contribution to sustainable education that focuses on practical skills and environmental awareness.

Penerapan Fungsi-Fungsi Manajemen Pada Proses Penerimaan Bahan Baku Ikan Lemuru di PT. Sarana Tani Pratama Jembrana-Bali

The process of receiving raw materials is the initial activity of a production process, the quality of raw materials can affect the quality of the final product, quality control must be carried out so that the raw materials to be used comply with industry specifications to produce quality products. For example, the raw material for frozen fish at PT Sarana Tani Pratama Jembrana, Bali, whether local frozen fish or imported frozen fish, is thawed using the water immersion method. The difference in the Thawing process or melting process between local frozen fish and imported frozen fish is the thawing time, where local frozen fish takes ±2 hours for the Thawing process while imported frozen fish only takes ±30 minutes for the melting process. The difference in thawing time is caused by local frozen fish being sent by the supplier frozen per block, which consists of several fish in one block. Meanwhile, imported frozen fish is sent by the supplier frozen per fish.This research aims to determine the Application of Management Functions in the Process of receiving raw materials at PT.Sarana Tani Pratama Jembrana-Bali. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques including observation, interviews and literature study. The data analysis used is descriptive/qualitative data analysis.

Rise, Rise and Rise for the Solar Industries: What Legacy SAMC and MOGI Companies can Learn from it (Part-2)

In the 1st part of the article, we learned about the progress of solar explosives from a medium quality explosive manufacturer to a major defense armaments manufacturer in India. We discussed: consolidation of the business with high value customer accrual, diversification of the business - from mass mine explosives to blasting accessories to ammunition, alignment with multiple foreign partners, sourcing cheap investments from various countries, understanding Indian defense imports were rising leading to currency issues and finally the early mover advantage in to the defense sector. The learning of the SAM and MOGI companies is that they have to seize with new opportunities and persist with them as vigorously as possible. In this conclusive part we discuss what Solar did differently: their achievements, the timing, the alignment, keeping the operations keyed to share market moves, the organizational moves and total productive maintenance to produce quality products.

Modeling, optimization and control of a ceramic tunnel kiln for consistent product quality under changing production demands

This study presents a detailed physics-based model focusing on an industrial tunnel kiln under feedback control. Initially, an empirical sintering model is integrated into the kiln model to accurately predict the product outlet density, a quality-defining parameter reflecting firing process efficacy. Afterwards, the initial steady-state burner valve positions are determined using industrial temperature data. Subsequently, the interactions between gas temperatures and burner valve positions are quantified through the investigation of the Relative Gain Array. A systematic derivation of optimal set-points for different production rates is then carried out, aiming at minimizing energy consumption while meeting end-product quality specifications. The PID controllers are tuned using a dynamic optimization approach, which involves the minimization of integral criteria. Finally, a case study is conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the optimal set-points under varying production rates. The results demonstrate exceptional system response, thus indicating that firing curves should adapt to production rates for consistently producing quality products.

Improving Lead Time through Lean Manufacturing: A Case Study

Lean manufacturing is a well-established methodology aimed at optimizing production by eliminating waste, enabling industries to thrive in a globally competitive environment. This paper presents a case study of a well-known automotive manufacturing industry on the axle process. This article aims the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) methodology was used in the axle process to reduce lead time by producing quality products with a reduction in non-value-added activities. The current state of the axle process was created using industry data from the past six months. Significant improvements were realized following the successful implementation of VSM, including a reduction in the lead time from 89.50 hours to 50.55 hours. The new state map was also created after implementing the improvements. The results illustrated that the VSM increased the effectiveness by 56.48% in the axle process.

The Relationship between Commercial, Technological, Research (Multidimensional) Complexity Indices and Financial Development

The source of economic growth is the supply-demand balance. Demand refers to consumption and supply refers to production. Producing quality products plays an important role on the production side of this balance. The country, which has a wide range of qualified products called sophisticated products, continues to grow with financial development. The concept of economic complexity refers to product diversity. This concept has taken its place in the literature by being expanded into commercial, technological, and research complexity indices as the content of the multidimensional complexity index. In this study, the relationship between multidimensional complexity indices and financial development indicators of E7 (Emerging) countries (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, Turkey) is analyzed with Gengenbach, Urbain, and Westerlund Cointegration Test and Mean Group Estimator applied in case of cointegration. It has been determined that these variables are cointegrated, and this relationship between the commercial and technological complexity index and financial development is significant. As a result of the analysis with the mean group estimator, it was concluded that the technological complexity index has a greater impact on financial development than the commercial and research complexity indices.

ANALISIS PENERAPAN COST OF QUALITY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PRODUK PADA PERUSAHAAN TAHU BULAT PD JEMPOL DI KABUPATEN CIAMIS

Competition in the business sector requires that every company needs to produce quality products. This can be done by always checking and standardizing product quality. The costs incurred for these needs are often called quality costs or quality costs. The purpose of this research is to find out the extent of the quality of quality carried out by the round tofu company PD Jempol located in Ciamis Regency to improve the quality of its products. The method used by the author is a descriptive qualitative method. The data sources used are primary and secondary data sources obtained from interviews, observations and literature studies. The results of the research show that from the components taken, it can be concluded that the PD Jempol Round Tofu Company has implemented quality costs but needs to maximize the Cost of Quality in the business carried out.

PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN KATALOG PRODUK PADA UMKM MITRA POLINEMA DI DESA DUWET KECAMATAN TUMPANG KABUPATEN MALANG

This community service aims at training and assistance in making product catalogs for polynema partner MSMEs in Duwet Village, Tumpang District, Malang Regency, which at that time there was still no porduk catalog available, so that marketing activities were still not optimal. The creation of this product catalog is expected as a means of promotion to introduce products made by Duwet Village residents to the wider community. This community service activity in the form of training and assistance in making product catalogs is divided into two stages, the first is that the Duwet village community will be given photography training to produce quality product images and the second stage is training on making layouts for photographic product catalogs. With this community service activity, it is hoped that the assisted villages can create product catalogs both print and digital for promotional facilities to increase sales volume so that the impact will be on improving the welfare of Duwet Village. Keywords:MSMEs, Promotions, Product Catalogs

Peran Brand Management Terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen Untuk Perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) : Suatu Kajian Literatur

The role of brand management on consumer loyalty for the development of micro, small and medium enterprises is that brands build a good image among the public. The process is the goal of developing brand identity. This shows that the product offered is a unique product. In addition, it also talks about what kind of identity a brand wants to display. The identity that is displayed will later be attached as the personality of a brand. If the brand has been well received, MSME business actors automatically get the opportunity to improve the quality of their products. This must be done with flexible, effective, efficient, and sustainable planning. Thus, the products produced are guaranteed quality. With guaranteed product quality, consumer loyalty will also increase. After achieving customer satisfaction, the brand must continue to guarantee the improvement and improvement of product quality. The goal is to maintain customer satisfaction. Small businesses get the opportunity to make closer observations and research. This means that MSME business actors get easier and wider access to information. Finally, MSME players are able to produce quality products in accordance with consumer expectations.

Comparative Analysis of Cost of Goods Production Determination Methods at MSME Café Bs Coffeespace

The main objective that requires special attention is the Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGS), especially in the midst of MSME competition in producing quality products but having affordable sales prices. This research aims to compare methods of calculating the cost of goods manufactured that are accurate to ultimately produce the appropriate sales price. The research that has been carried out uses a quantitative descriptive method and a comparative approach to be able to compare the two methods, namely full costing and variable costing. As for the results of the research that has been carried out, making 450 chocovado blend drinks, 400 mint ginger honey drinks and 370 redvelvet signature drinks there is a difference of Rp. 2,139.25 for chocovado blend, Rp. 2,448.5 for mint ginger honey drinks and Rp. 2,602.17 for redvelvet signature. This means that the COGS obtained by the full costing method tends to be high when compared to the variable costing method. The reason is the different treatment of factory overhead costs (BOP). The full costing method includes all variable and fixed cost elements, while the variable costing method includes variable costs only. It is hoped that the company can consider what method or method is suitable for the company, be it the full costing or variable costing method, always looking for and learning about scientific developments in relation to the method of determining COGS so that it is always in line with applicable regulations.

Analisis Pendapatan dan Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Tanaman Hias pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Toko Bunga Nararya Garden di Desa Ajung Kecamatan Kalisat Kabupaten Jember)

Currently the world is shocked by the emergence of COVID-19 which has forced the government to adopt policies to minimize transmission of the virus, by reducing activities outside the home. In the midst of this pandemic, many people are starting to try something new or an interesting side, to relieve fatigue at home. One of them is a side interest in collecting various ornamental plants. A new hobby during this pandemic, many people buy various types of ornamental plants, for example in Ajung Village, Kalisat District, many people care for and buy ornamental plants. The purpose of this research is to find out what income or strategy is used by the ornamental plant business in sales at the Naraya Garden flower shop. The selection of the research location was carried out purposively, or at least deliberately considering the pre-survey being led. And based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the average income before and during the pandemic. And the strategy that must be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy. The strategies that will be carried out are: Conduct socialization/training to attract the younger generation. To produce quality products, land expansion is carried out to increase the number of workers.

Implementation of Operational Management at the Manufacturing Company (Pt Nippon Indosari Corpindo, Tbk) Sari Roti

Operational management is very important for all types of industries, one of which is manufacturing. Manufacturing companies are concerned with production processes on a large scale that use equipment and machinery to manage raw materials into finished goods. PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk “SARI ROTI "is one of the leading bread manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This Journal discusses how SARI ROTI applies operations management concepts to achieve competitive advantage and meet growing market demand. Based on these objectives, researchers use qualitative research with qualitative analysis methods in which research is conducted by analyzing data using theoretical foundations as the basis of analysis. The data analyzed is secondary data, which is data that comes from existing sources and is not self-processed data The results showed that this company is a company that successfully runs the overall operations management concept, so that the company is able to produce quality products and ensure the cleanliness of all its products, as well as efficient in terms of the production process and distribution of products produced with a wide marketing area coverage.

Thermogravimetry as a research tool for the development of an ammonium sulphate roasting process for selective metal extraction from minerals

AbstractThe ammonium sulphate roasting process involves reacting mineral-bearing materials with ammonium sulphate via a solid–solid roasting process and subjecting the resulting roast residue to aqueous leaching. This process enables the simultaneous, non-selective co-extraction of strategic metals from the starting materials. However, effective separation of the extracted metals is often mandatory to produce quality products of high purity. In this study, the combined application of thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry confirmed the non-selectivity of the process when applied to a South African diamond mine residue residue roasted with ammonium sulphate in a 1:2 mass ratio (m/m) at 450 °C for 2 h, with magnesium, iron and aluminium being co-extracted into water-soluble metal sulphates. Thermogravimetry was then applied to develop a multi-step, multi-temperature selective roasting process using mixtures of pure commercial metal sulphate salts. The first step of the modified process successfully separated iron and aluminium sulphates from magnesium-sulphates in the roast residues by thermally decomposing soluble iron and aluminium sulphates into insoluble oxides via calcination at 750 °C for 2 h. This temperature was lower than the one at which magnesium sulphates convert into magnesium oxide. In the second and final step, iron and aluminium were recovered from the oxide minerals via solid–solid re-roasting with ammonium sulphate at 450 °C for 1 h, causing the oxides to revert back to their water-soluble sulphate forms. The effectiveness of the modified process was subsequently verified using a diamond mine residue, showing that the soluble iron and aluminium contents in the magnesium-bearing leachate could be reduced by over 90%.

Penerapan Strategi Pemasaran Pada Produk UKM Keripik Pare di Kecamatan Pasekan Kabupaten Indramayu

The need for healthy food is increasing along with population growth and increasingly limited agricultural land. However, many snack foods on the market contain additional ingredients that can be harmful to health. Therefore, healthy and nutritious snack products are increasingly needed. One interesting alternative is bitter melon chips, which are a snack product made from bitter melon, a plant that has high nutritional value. In an effort to publicize and market bitter melon chips, a business called Keripik Pare was founded by a group in West Java. The business proposal includes business ideas, capital, production planning, and marketing strategies to increase product competitiveness and business profitability and uses structured and effective implementation methods to produce quality products. By implementing SWOT analysis and the canvas business model, it is hoped that you will be able to identify business strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and design the right business strategy. In addition, the marketing strategy used includes market segmentation, determining market targets, and appropriate product placement. Through this effort, it is hoped that it can increase public awareness of the importance of consuming healthy food, create new jobs, and increase the income of local farmers.

Determining Critical Points in Fish Distribution and Calculation of Income UD. Sumber Rezeki Laut, Tuban Regency

This study aims to evaluate the fish distribution activities in UD. Sumber Rezeki Laut, alongside the fish handling during distribution, and critical points of fish quality decline during distribution. This research uses descriptive analysis, critical point analysis, organoleptic tests, and income analysis. Distribution handling is divided into two types, namely direct distribution handling and indirect distribution handling. The most important handling of both types of distribution includes maintaining the right temperature during the process, transferring fish to UD. Sumber Rezeki Laut, changing fish containers, cleaning and soaking fish, and distributing fish to Balekambang Market. However, the long travel distance required to distribute the fishes has the potential to reduce the quality of the fish, as evidenced by the decrease in fish quality observed during the distribution trials. Organoleptic test results showed that the quality of the fish decreased from when it was purchased until it reached the wholesaler. Meanwhile, when calculating distribution costs, the highest result for direct distribution was IDR1,335,987, and the lowest was IDR372,995. The highest income from indirect distribution was IDR1,544,001, while the lowest was IDR399,993. To ensure good fish quality, UD. Sumber Rezeki Laut needs to improve its human resource capabilities to become more efficient and produce quality products for consumers.

Quality by design (QbD) approach-based development of optimized nanocarrier to achieve quality target product profile (QTPP)-targeted lymphatic delivery

Background. Insulin, commonly used for diabetes treatment, needs better ways to improve its effectiveness and safety due to its challenges with poor permeability and stability. Various system has been developed for oral peptide delivery. The non-targeted system can prevent gastric and enzymatic degradation of peptides but cannot increase the bulk transport of peptides across the membrane. However, the non-selectivity is the limitation of the existing system. Numerous carbohydrate-binding receptors overexpressed on intestinal macrophage cells (M-cells) of gut-associated lymphoid tissue. It is the most desirable site for receptor-mediated endocytosis and lymphatic drug delivery of peptides. Objective. The prime objective of the study was to fabricate mannose ligand conjugated nanoparticles (MNPs) employing a quality-by-design approach to address permeability challenges after oral administration. Herein, the study’s secondary objective of this study is to identify the influencing factor for producing quality products. Considering this objective, the Lymphatic uptake of NPs was selected as a quality target product profile (QTPP), and a systematic study was conducted to identify the critical formulation attributes (CFAs) and critical process parameters (CPP) influencing critical quality attributes (CQAs). Mannosylated Chitosan concentrations (MCs) and TPP concentrations were identified as CFAs, and stirring speed was identified as CPP. Methods. MNPs were prepared by the inotropic gelation method and filled into the enteric-coated capsule to protect from acidic environments. The effect of CFAs and CPP on responses like particle size (X) and entrapment (Y) was observed by Box-Behnken design (BBD). ANOVA statistically evaluated the result to confirm a significant level (p < 0.05). The optimal conditions of NPs were obtained by constructing an overlay plot and determining the desirability value. HPLC and zeta-seizer analysis characterized the lyophilized NPs. Cell-line studies were performed to confirm the safety and M-cell targeting of NPs to enhance Insulin oral bioavailability. Results. The morphology of NPs was revealed by SEM. The developed NPs showed a nearly oval shape with the average size, surface potential, and % drug entrapment were 245.52 ± 3.37 nm, 22.12 ± 2.13 mV, and 76.15 ± 1.3%, respectively. MTT assay result exhibited that MNPs safe and Confocal imaging inference that NPs selectively uptake by the M-cell. Conclusion. BBD experimental design enables the effective formulation of optimized NPs. The statistical analysis estimated a clear assessment of the significance of the process and formulation variable. Cell line study confirms that NPs are safe and effectively uptake by the cell.