Processing Tools Research Articles

Is nutritional status a new indicator to use in clinical practice for colorectal cancer patients?

In this editorial we comment on the interesting article by Liu et al . The topic of discussion is the need for a cost-effective and easy-to-use scoring system for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. In this context, nutritional assessment plays a crucial role in the multimodal evaluation of patients. In particular, the controlling nutritional status score was found to be an effective tool in the clinical decision-making process, in order to customize treatment strategies and to improve patient outcomes.

MEMBANGUN DESA MANDIRI ENERGI MELALUI PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH PLASTIK MENJADI BBM ALTERNATIF DI DESA HANURA KECAMATAN TELUK PANDAN PESAWARAN

The market in Hanura Village faces serious problems related to rubbish, especially because it is located close to the main beach tourist route which is busy during holidays. Increased activity in markets produces more waste, which is usually simply transferred to landfill, but this method is less effective. Plastic waste is the second biggest problem after organic waste and is difficult to decompose naturally, so other solutions are needed to reduce waste accumulation. To tackle this issue, the Unila community service team proposes a more efficient plastic waste management system. Drawing from Bahri et al., (2019), their research demonstrates that plastic waste can be converted into alternative fuel through a pyrolysis process, utilizing a device known as a pyrolizers. With an abundant supply of plastic waste and Hanura Village’s strategic location, the development and application of this process are being implemented through a community service program based on research dissemination. The result of this activity is a plastic waste processing tool that converts waste into alternative fuel in the form of a pyrolyzer with three condensers. The fuel produced from the pyrolysis of plastic waste is characterized by its chromatogram profile using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), and its calorific value is measured using a bomb calorimeter, while the octane number is determined using an Octane Number Tester. The results of the community service activity in Hanura Village cognitively show that the residents of Hanura Village were highly enthusiastic about receiving the training, especially related to the processing of plastic waste into fuel, with an overall achievement of specific instructional objectives reaching 53%.

Intelligent Identification of Cryptographic Ciphers using Machine Learning Techniques

This research work demonstrates cipher-type identification methods using machine learning algorithms. Cipher-type identification is a recent research interest to do better cryptanalysis of an encryption algorithm in a minimal time. Along with the increased security issues, obfuscation is being used with encryption algorithms to keep them hidden. This is when the ciphertext identification challenge came into play. The ciphertext classification challenge was performed using both image processing and natural language processing methods. For image processing purposes, CNN was utilized; whereas text-CNN, transformers and BERT models were used as natural language processing tools. In order to train the proposed machine learning based classification models, two types of datasets were generated: image data and text data. This study compares the experimental outcomes derived from various architectural CNN, Transformer, and BERT models. We also present a comparative study of our research work with another research works which are done in the recent past. The proposed BERT model is found to be the most efficient model for the correct classification of ciphertext over other transformer and CNN-based classification models. This work will surely help the cryptanalyst to perform cryptanalysis of an encryption algorithm in a minimal time.

PERAN PINJAMAN PERBANKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI BALI

Sustainable economic growth reflects increased economic activity, which ultimately contributes to improving people's welfare. Economic growth in Bali Province has experienced fluctuations over the past five years, one of the causes is the covid-19 pandemic which has shaken the regional economy. One of the instruments needed to support post-pandemic economic recovery is the use of financial instruments, namely bank lending. This research is focused on discussing the description of bank loans associated with economic growth in Bali Province. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of working capital loans, investment loans, and consumption loans partially and simultaneously on economic growth in Bali Province. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach. This study uses secondary data obtained from BPS Bali Province. The data used in this study are time series data for each regency / city in Bali Province in 2019-2023. This research uses data processing tools, namely Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The results showed that: (1) working capital loans and consumption loans have a partially positive effect on economic growth, while investment loans have a partially negative effect on economic growth in Bali Province; and (2) capital loans, investment loans, and consumption loans simultaneously affect economic growth in Bali Province.

Rapidly developing NLP applications for content curation

AbstractTime and again we are faced, in a number of collaborative research projects, with the challenge of interconnecting various language processing tools to implement certain industry-driven use cases focusing, for the most part, upon digital content curation processes. In this paper we first describe several of the relevant projects and their technology platforms, followed by a description of the corresponding use cases and their requirements. The content curation platform we focus upon in this article and which has been implemented as a prototype makes use of a large number of NLP services, which we also build upon for other use cases and prototypes. In addition to the implemented NLP services, the article presents a workflow manager for the flexible creation and customisation of processing workflows that make use of the above mentioned NLP services. Based on the four key principles of generality, flexibility, scalability and efficiency, we present the first version of the workflow manager by providing details on its custom definition language, explaining the communication components and the general system architecture and setup. The paper also addresses challenges in interoperability across different NLP tasks and hardware-based resource use.

The Influence of User-oriented Design Research on Framing

The concept of framing has been used as a creative and constructive tool in the design process. This study provides new insights into frames and framing as a tool for understanding disciplinary differences in multidisciplinary collaborations where design research is included. With an increasing focus on patient participation in the design of health and assistive technology, the importance of considering the users' perspectives cannot be overstated. However, bridging the gap between different disciplinary practices of framing problems that incorporate user experiences and values is a challenge. A case study of the (project name)(xxxx) research project was selected to investigate the practical implications of insights on mobility from a focus group interview with lower-limb prosthetic users. A follow-up ideation workshop with an interdisciplinary group of researchers from the project xxxx was used as the starting point for exploring different disciplinary perspectives. The research contributes to the concept on framing by demonstrating how examining relevant perspectives from the literature provides valuable insights into different ways of framing in the design process.

How to use DIALS to process chemical crystallography 3D ED rotation data from pixel array detectors.

The DIALS package provides a set of tools for crystallographic data processing. The open-source nature of the project, and a flexible interface in which individual command-line programs each have a dedicated job, have enabled the adaptation of DIALS to a wide range of experiment types, including electron diffraction. Here we present detailed instructions for the use of DIALS to process chemical crystallography diffraction data from continuous rotation electron diffraction experiments. We demonstrate processing and structure solution from three different samples from three different instruments, including two commercial instruments dedicated to electron diffraction. Each instrument has a pixel array detector, allowing low-noise data to be obtained, resulting in high quality structures. Various new features were added to DIALS to simplify the workflow for these use cases. These are described in detail, along with useful program options for electron diffraction work.

Illegal ship identification system based on trajectory similarity measurement

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) relies on the identification code (MMSI) of a vessel to identify it and records its trajectory data, which is an important technical means for modern maritime management. However, there are some vessels that violate regulations by opening multiple AIS transponders, resulting in multiple location trajectory records for the same vessel. This behavior is difficult to distinguish through traditional means and has a negative impact on the accuracy and effectiveness of maritime management, thereby threatening the safety of navigation. This system uses big data processing tool Spark to efficiently process and analyze large amounts of AIS data and detects the similarity of vessel trajectories to automatically identify the violating vessels that open multiple AIS transponders. In this way, the system not only improves the detection efficiency of violations, but also provides more reliable evidence for maritime management departments to ensure the safety and order of navigation routes.

Process Parameters and Tool Design in Friction Stir Extrusion: A Sustainable Recycling Technique

ABSTRACTFriction stir extrusion (FSE) is a versatile technique that plays a dual role in sustainable recycling and shaping of materials. This method involves a rotating mandrel and a fixed matrix within a mold, where compressed waste metal chips or primary bulk materials are introduced. The rotating mandrel exerts continuous axial pressure, generating frictional heat that softens and bonds the materials together. As the mandrel advances, the materials are reshaped and extruded through the cavity inside the mandrel or the space between the mandrel and the matrix, resulting in the desired product, such as wires or pipes. FSE finds applications in recycling machining wastes, improving powder metallurgy products, producing wire raw materials, creating structures with fine microstructures, and developing new alloys and composites. The resulting materials exhibit refined grains, leading to enhanced mechanical and metallurgical properties. This review article compiles experimental studies exploring the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of samples manufactured using FSE for recycling, reshaping, alloying, or bilayer production. Additionally, it discusses various tool, mold, and machine designs proposed by researchers. Beyond its unique properties, FSE is highlighted as an energy‐efficient, sustainable, and eco‐friendly process.

Analisis Organizational Culture dan Communication Terhadap Employee Engagement Melalui Job Satisfaction Pada Karyawan Bank Swasta di Jawa Tengah

This study investigates the influence of work satisfaction, organizational culture, and communication on employee engagement within private banks in Central Java. The study's population comprised 150 private bank employees in Central Java, categorized as millennials aged 27 to 41, representing the most significant workforce demographic. Utilizing a non-probability sampling strategy through purposive sampling methodology. Data gathering uses a questionnaire method, with each item evaluated using a Likert scale. The study employed the SEM-PLS technique for data analysis, utilizing the SmartPLS 4.1.0.3 tool for data processing. The research findings indicate that communication positively and significantly influences employee engagement and job satisfaction, while organizational culture also positively and significantly affects both employee engagement and job satisfaction. The mediation test revealed that job satisfaction does not mediate substantially the connection between organizational culture and communication about employee engagement in private banks in Central Java.

Type synthesis of a new class of 4-3T1R(y) parallel mechanisms for parallel machine tools design

Unlike previous design procedures for parallel machine tools (PMTs), this paper first analyzes the path and posture requirements of the tools in universal processing, then proposes and constructs a new class of PMs that can provide the required path and posture. This opens up new ideas for the design of PMTs. Based on the reciprocal screw theory, a type synthesis process of asymmetrical lower-mobility PMs was proposed. Through this process, a novel class of four-limbed parallel mechanisms (PMs) providing three translations and one rotation around a horizontal axis (y-axis), denoted as 4-3T1R(y) PMs, was successfully proposed and constructed. Such PMs can be applied to the design of PMTs, especially the design of micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) PMTs. The structural design of a new 2RRC-2CRU PM, which was a member of 4-3T1R(y) PMs, was performed, and its mobility was analyzed in detail to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed type synthesis process. The inverse, forward, and velocity kinematics problems of the 2RRC-2CRU PM were solved for further applications.

Examining the views of primary school teachers on the use of artificial intelligence in education

In today's rapidly advancing world, science and technology impact every aspect of our lives. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the views of primary school teachers on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in education, which are rapidly gaining popularity and leading to competition among major companies and countries. In this study, the basic qualitative research design, which is part of the qualitative research paradigm, was adopted. For this purpose, the study group consisted of 16 primary school teachers working at the Board of Education. The data intended to be collected within the scope of the research was obtained through a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers after obtaining expert opinion. The data obtained in the study were analyzed using content analysis in the MaxQDA 2020 program. The findings of the research were coded by two different researchers, and inter-coder reliability was calculated according to the Miles and Huberman formula. As a result of the calculation, the reliability of the research was found to be 92%. The findings of the study revealed that while the views of primary school teachers on the use of AI in education are generally positive, it is emphasized that these technologies should not replace teachers but should be supportive tools in the teaching process. Another finding of the study is that primary school teachers' views on the advantages of using AI in education include providing personalized learning experiences, rapid feedback, individual performance evaluation and monitoring, time saving, practicality, preparing effective and engaging learning materials, and increasing student motivation during the learning process. On the other hand, it was found that primary school teachers' views on the disadvantages of using AI in education include making students lazy, data privacy and ethical issues, reducing social interaction, and making human minds lazy. Based on the findings of the research, teachers' opinions considering the potential positive impacts of AI-supported education suggest that AI-supported tools should provide feedback by identifying students' strengths and weaknesses and focus on individual learning differences and needs. According to teachers' opinions considering the potential negative impacts of AI-supported education, such as causing laziness, ready-made solutions, reduced socialization skills, decreased interaction both in and out of the classroom, and suppression of research, exploration, and creativity skills, it is recommended to allocate time for emotional and intellectual sharing in teacher-student relationships, support and encourage students' creative thinking and artistic talents, and organize activities that provide opportunities for socialization.

Multi-Objective Optimization of Friction Stir Processing Tool with Composite Material Parameters

Compared to base aluminum alloys, the surface composites of aluminum alloys are more widely used in the automotive, aerospace, and other industries. The ability to yield enhanced physical properties and a smoother microstructure has made friction stir processing (FSP) the method of choice for developing aluminum-based surface composites in recent times. In this work, the Goal Programming (GP) approach is adopted for the Multi-Objective Optimization of FSP processes with three Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based metaheuristics, viz., Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Teaching–Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO). Three parameters, copper percentage (Cu%), graphite percentage (Gr%), and number of passes, are considered, and multi-factor non-linear regression prediction models are developed for the three responses, Tool Vibrations, Power Consumption, and Cutting Force. The TLBO algorithm outperformed the ABC and PSO algorithms in terms of solution quality and robustness, yielding significant improvements in tool life. The results with TLBO were improved by 20% and 14% compared to the PSO and ABC algorithms, respectively. This proves that the TLBO algorithm performed better compared with the ABC and PSO algorithms. However, the computation time required for the TLBO algorithm is higher compared to the ABC and PSO algorithms. This work has opened new avenues towards applying the GP approach for the Multi-Objective Optimization of FSP tools with composite parameters. This is a significant step towards toll life improvement for the FSP of composite alloys, contributing to sustainable manufacturing.

The application of remote monitoring tools in the educational process on the example of the research of the content of water vapor in the atmosphere

The application of remote monitoring tools in the educational process on the example of the research of the content of water vapor in the atmosphere

Exploring Magnetic Fields in a Merging Galaxy: Comparing Polarization and Velocity Gradient in the Centaurus Galaxy

In this study, we apply the velocity gradient technique to the merging Centaurus galaxy. We compare gradient maps derived from the PHANGS-Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array survey using CO emission lines with magnetic field tracings from dust polarization data obtained via the HAWC+ instrument. Our analysis reveals a strong correspondence between the directions indicated by these two tracers across most of the galactic image. Specifically, we identify jet regions as areas of antialignment, consistent with previous reports that gradients tend to rotate 90° in outflow regions. Statistically, we find that the alignment of magnetic fields, as revealed by polarization, is most accurate in regions with the highest signal-to-noise ratios. Our findings underscore the utility of velocity gradients as a valuable complementary tool for probing magnetic fields and dynamical processes in merging galaxies. This proves the general utility of velocity gradients for mapping magnetic fields in astrophysical objects with complex dynamics.

Development and evaluation of a nontargeted electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) screening method applied to forensic seized drug casework samples

Screening tests in forensic laboratories are a critical step in ensuring an efficient and effective analytical scheme for presumptive identification. Electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) represents a novel workflow that can be applied both in the laboratory and on-site as a fast, inexpensive, and selective approach to seized drug screening. Using cyclic voltammetry and a 785 nm Raman spectrometer, a nontargeted screen was developed using silver screen-printed electrodes and tested on a panel of common drugs of abuse and adulterants. Following characterization of the analyte panel, in-house binary and tertiary mixtures were assessed and the effectiveness of the developed EC-SERS method was tested using common score-based algorithms including correlation, hit-quality-index, spectral angle mapper, and correlation of the 1st derivative. For in-house blind samples, this approach allowed for positive identification of at least one compound in 100 % of samples. Identification of all compounds was lower at 52 %. Seized drug samples from adjudicated casework were tested on-site at the Maryland State Police laboratory as a fit-for-purpose study. EC-SERS provided an accurate screening result of 86 % using the 1st derivative correlation. Applying knowledge of both the local drug landscape and the prevalence of specific adulterants, this value improved to a positive screening of 93 % for the authentic samples. EC-SERS represents a novel approach to drug screening that could impact forensic laboratories, customs and border patrol, public health, and scene investigations. Future work should focus on improved data processing and chemometric tools for data generated in EC-SERS methods.

Integrating plasmasphere, ionosphere and thermosphere observations and models into a standardised open access research environment: The PITHIA-NRF international project

The PITHIA-NRF project “Plasmasphere Ionosphere Thermosphere Integrated Research Environment and Access services: a Network of Research Facilities” aims at building a European distributed network that integrates observations from space and ground, data processing tools and models to support scientific research on the Plasmasphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere system. PITHIA-NRF is designed to provide formalised open access to experimental facilities, data and models, standardised data products, and training services. Participating organisations that operate these facilities, formed twelve nodes in eleven European countries. These nodes work on optimising their observing facilities and offer trans-national access to scientists and engineers. The PITHIA-NRF e-Science Centre is a core element of the project. Its design and evolution are controlled by a systematic ontology which governs the collection of scientific observations and research models, jointly termed data collections, which are registered with the e-Science Centre. Several tens of data collections are being registered. Data collection registrations adhere to FAIR principles and transparent quality measures to a large extent. The e-Science Centre facilitates the execution of research projects proposed by researchers from inside and outside the PITHIA-NRF consortium which require trans-national access to and understanding of data collections (observations and models) residing at one or several PITHIA-NRF nodes. Upon completion of the project a comprehensive collection of observations and models will have been gathered by the e-Science Centre for the benefit of efficient scientific research which relies on Europe-wide collaboration.

Analysis of vaccination policy in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

This study aims to reflect on the pattern of vaccination policies implemented by the Indonesian government and to analyze public sentiment (pro/con) towards vaccination policies and the government's strategy in formulating democratic policies, prioritizing the aspirations of those affected by the policies adopted. This paper uses qualitative research methods with NVivo 12 Plus as a data processing tool. This study's results indicate that vaccination policies tend to be mandatory in Indonesia with an indirect compulsory application polarization. Hence, the government still uses a coercive and restrictive approach to vaccination programs. In Indonesia, vaccination policy intersects with ethical aspects, especially religious values, resulting in diverse public sentiments.

Interactive Teaching Media Design for Past Tense Lesson Material Using VB.NET

The development of information technology has influenced the use of various types of media, as a tool in the learning process. So teachers are expected to be able to use these tools or equipment effectively classroom learning. In this article, we design teaching media or applications for English subjects. This teaching media is designed using the Microsoft Visual Studio 2022/VB.Net programming language with Past Tense subject matter. The aim of this teaching media design is to increase students' understanding through a visual and interactive approach. This application provides a menu including simple past tense, past continuous tense, past perfect tense, past perfect continuous tense, and is equipped with quiz questions. With this, it is hoped that students will be more involved in the learning process so that they can master the use of past tense effectively and have fun.

Use of Modellus as a didactic strategy for teaching-learning kinematics in students of the Fiscomisional Educational Unit “Cinco de Mayo”

The research focused on the use of Modellus as a didactic strategy for the teaching-learning of kinematics in second-year high school students at the Cinco de Mayo Fiscomisional Educational Unit. The results obtained from surveys are presented, which demonstrate the benefits of this tool in the educational process. The main problem was how to facilitate the understanding of kinematics concepts in the teaching-learning context. A classification of the themes of uniformly accelerated and varied rectilinear motion was made. The objective was to propose a teaching strategy based on the Modellus simulation program to facilitate the understanding of these topics. The technique applied was a questionnaire that allowed analyzing and interpreting the use of Modellus in the classroom. The results of this study conclude that Modellus is an effective tool that optimizes the teaching of kinematics and promotes more dynamic and effective learning.