Sugar Processing Research Articles

Avaliação do conforto térmico em instalação de processamento de rapadura por meio do índice IBUTG

ABSTRACT The production process of non-centrifuged cane sugar (NCS) involves a significant release of steam and heat due to the evaporation of cane juices in saucepans over a solid fuel oven. This results in a warm and moisture-saturated environment, which can be suffocating for workers. This study aimed to evaluate the bioclimatic behavior of an NCS processing facility, based on the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index. In addition, solutions are suggested to mitigate possible adverse effects of heat stress. This evaluation utilized computational simulations to determine the thermal comfort perceived by the workers. The accuracy of simulations was verified against temperature and relative air humidity data collected from the facility. Bioclimatic simulations encompassed twelve treatments, involving modifications to the enclosure on the walls and lantern window, incorporating three types of roof material. The WBGT index was determined by considering the effects of the radiant heat generated by the oven and the natural ventilation area on the facility’s temperature and relative air humidity. This helps to assess the comfort experienced by the workers. The thermal zone of the oven presented heat stress conditions; therefore, rest periods and mechanical ventilation were suggested when dissipating heat and steam through natural ventilation is not possible. For workers exposed to high temperatures and thermal radiation, the use of an aluminized apron and infrared goggles for eye protection was recommended.

Technical-economic evaluation of application scenarios of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) as a solution to the cogeneration deficit in a sugar plant

There is currently a cogeneration deficit at a sugar plant near Nepeña, Ancash, Peru, where the exhaust steam from the milling area is at approximately 235°C. The steam should be at a temperature close to 120°C, which is the temperature required by the sugar processing area. However, it should be at a temperature close to 120°C, which is the temperature required by the sugar processing area. Therefore, the heat is dissipated without being utilized or recovered. The low-temperature waste heat can be utilized in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC).Three systems are proposed: ORC with exhaust gas system, ORC with unified system and ORC with total unified system. For this reason, six scenarios will be analyzed in which the electrification of the mills and the direct sale of energy to the power grid will be proposed, with the objective of optimizing mill production and determining which are technically and economically feasible. The results obtained are: the increase in plant´s overall efficiency of the plant is between 6.58 and 14.67%, the annual CO2 saving emissions are between 914.65 and 2631.77 Ton CO2/year, the exergy efficiency between 60.93 and 65.4% and the LEC (Levelized Electrical Cost) is between 35.73 and 58.05 $/MW.h.

Processing of Ant Sugar as a Natural Sweetener for Coffee Flavor Variants in Latanza Banyuwangi

Processing of Ant Sugar as a Natural Sweetener for Coffee Flavor Variants in Latanza Banyuwangi

Production and Characterization of Porous Anorthite Ceramics Using Sugar Process Solid Waste, Chamotte and Coal Powder Additives

Press filter cake is a solid waste produced during sugar production process and includes carbonates and organic components. In this study, coal powder in different percentages (from 10 wt.% to 50 wt.%) was mixed with 35 wt.% press filter cake and 65 wt.% chamotte composition to produce porous anorthite ceramic products with different apparent porosity percentages. The anorthite phase was observed as the dominant crystalline phase in all fired samples. The firing shrinkage values sharply increased after adding higher than 40 wt.% coal powder to composition. In addition, apparent porosity values were changed from 49% to 70%. Compressive strength values reduced from 18 MPa to 1.73 MPa while percentages of ground coal were increasing. Microstructural analysis also showed that the porosity values of the sintered samples showed important changes depending on the amount of coal additive. The thermal conductivity values showed a reduction from 0.113 W/mK to 0.064 W/mK while increasing the percentage of ground coal. Micro-computed tomography (Micro CT) analysis was performed for 40wt. % coal powder added composition and the total porosity value was found as 60.2%.

Bioconversion of sugar beet molasses into functional exopolysaccharides by beet juice-derived lactic acid bacteria

Sugar beet molasses, a sugar-rich byproduct of sugar beet industry, have great potential as a biorefinery feedstock for the production of value-added bio-products by microbial fermentation. The production of functional exopolysaccharides (EPS) by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represents a promising strategy for valorizing sugar processing waste. This study screened and identified high-efficiency EPS-producing LAB isolates from beet juice. Among the 32 isolates, six LAB strains including Limosilactobacillus fermentum YL7, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YL4, TC10, and CJ10, Leuconostoc mesenteroides TCT3 and TCT4, exhibited efficient bio-conversion of beet molasses to LAB-EPS, with yields varying from 13.96 to 22.26 g/L. Antioxidant activity analysis revealed that EPS from these strains displayed significant scavenging activities against ABTS+, DPPH, and -OH radicals. Notably, EPS produced by L. plantarum TC10 and L. fermentum YL7 exhibited superior ABTS + scavenging capacity, with rates up to 99.48% and 95.89% at 4 mg/mL, respectively. Additionally, EPS from strains YL4, YL7, TCT3 and TCT4 showed significant antibiofilm activity against S. aureus and E. coli, with EPS-YL7 inhibiting S. aureus biofilm formation by up to 90.49% at 8.0 mg/mL. Furthermore, EPS from strains TCT4 demonstrated great tolerance to digestive fluid compared to EPS from other strains, with a retention rate of 72% at the end of intestinal digestion. These findings suggest that EPS-producing LAB strains from beet juice can efficiently convert beet molasses into valuable EPS utilized as functional food ingredients.

Comparison Of Functional Groups in Green Tea Kombucha (Camellia sinensis) and Lavender Flower Kombucha (Lavandula angustifolia L) Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

Kombucha is a fermented beverage produced through the fermentation process of tea and sugar by SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast). Kombucha can be produced from various raw materials such as green tea (Camellia sinensis) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.), which have different chemical compositions. The aim of this study is to compare the functional groups of green tea kombucha and lavender kombucha. The method used is Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of this study indicate that both green tea kombucha and lavender kombucha show the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Additionally, both have the same functional groups, namely O-H (alcohol), C=C (alkena), and C≡C (alkuna). The FTIR results of lavender kombucha also show the presence of C-H (alkana) groups, indicating the presence of nonpolar compounds such as terpenoids and steroids.

KONTRIBUSI USAHATANI GULA AREN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DI DESA TANGKENO KECAMATAN KABAENA TENGAH (Contribution of palm sugar farming to family income in Tangkeno village, central Kabaena subdistrict)

Sugar palm is a type of palm plant that is almost spread throughout Indonesia. All parts of this plant can be used, starting from the sap which can be processed into sugar, and the stems can be processed into palm flour, the unripe fruit can be processed into palm fruit, and the fibers can be processed into crafts. The aim of this research is to find out how much palm sugar farming contributes to family income in Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District. Meanwhile, the benefit of this research is to provide information regarding how much palm sugar processing contributes to family income in Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District. The method used in this research is the interview method. The types of data used to conduct research are primary data and secondary data. The results of research from 38 respondents show that the average contribution to palm sugar farming income in Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District for one year is IDR 22.934.210 with an average amount of palm sugar production of 4.323 kilograms, so the annual contribution of palm sugar farming is by 55%. The amount of income from palm sugar farming is quite large and is able to help the family to meet their needs. Keywords: Contribution, Income, Palm Sugar Farming Business, Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the influence of the feed product Vinassa on milk productivity and rumen indicators of cows during the period of increasing the milk yield

By-products of processing of various industries in the agro-industrial complex with an optimal level of their introduction into the ration of farm animals make it possible to increase the productivity of farm animals by optimizing ruminal digestion. The purpose of the research was to assess the eff ectiveness of the infl uence of the feed product Vinassa on milk productivity and rumen indicators of cows during the period of increasing the milk yield. In order to conduct the experiment lactating fresh cows were selected during the period of increasing the milk yield (n=45), which were divided into three groups of 15 heads in each according to the method of pair-analogs. The introduction of diff erent levels of sugar processing products and domestically produced yeast production into the ration of cows in the 1st experimental group in the amount of 500 g/head/day and in the 2nd experimental group 1000 g/head/day has been examined in the work. The introduction of the feed product Vinassa in the amount of 1000 g/head/day as part of a totally mixed ration contributed to the optimization of rumen pH. The level of volatile fatty acids increased in the rumen contents of cows of the 2nd experimental group by 2.27 mmol/l, and the concentration of ammonia decreased by 4.48 mg% compared to the control group. Improving indicators of ruminal contents contributed to the growth and development of bacteria and ciliates. Thus, in cows of the 2nd experimental group the number of dry matter of ciliates was higher by 0.7 g/100 ml of dry matter of rumen contents. It was found during the experiment that optimization of ruminal digestion leads to increased milk productivity. Thus, in cows of the 2nd experimental group during the period of increasing the milk yield, the increase in the gross milk yield of milk with 4 % fat content for the period of increasing the milk yield was found to increase by 7.1 % and the increase in the gross yield of milk fat by 7.1 % (p < 0.05).

Efforts to Improve Product Quality and Marketing of Palm Sugar Through Branding and E-Catalog in Karang Bayan Village, Lingsar District, West Lombok Regency

The purpose of implementing this activity is to help improve the quality of palm sugar production in Karang Bayan Village and to be able to expand market share, both local and modern markets by marketing through social media. This study used a descriptive method, namely UNRAM KKN students in Karang Bayan Village, Lingsar District, West Lombok Regency for the 2023 period conducted a survey directly to the location of palm sugar production. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the production process of solid palm sugar includes the preparation of tools and materials, the processing process which includes tapping, boiling, filtering, printing, as well as packaging and branding. Marketing is done through branding and e-catalogs. Branding is an effort to build and enhance the identity of a brand/brand with a very broad scope, while branding efforts include making a business name, logo and business location. While the E-catalog is data on various products that are designed with an editing application. E-catalog creation efforts include a list of business products as well as product information such as prices, product photos, cellphone numbers and addresses. The benefits of e-catalog itself are that it is easier to access by various parties, information on goods and services is more transparent and more effective in improving the performance of goods procurement

Gouqi-derived nanovesicles (GqDNVs) inhibited dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy associating with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway

With the increasing trend of global aging, sarcopenia has become a significant public health issue. Goji berry, also known as “Gou qi zi” in China, is a traditional Chinese herb that can enhance the structure and function of muscles and bones. Otherwise, previous excellent publications illustrated that plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles can exert good bioactive functions in different aging or disease models. Thus, we issued the hypothesis that Gouqi-derived nanovesicles (GqDNVs) may also have the ability to improve skeletal muscle health, though the effect and its mechanism need to be explored. Hence, we have extracted GqDNVs from fresh berries of Lycium barbarum L. (goji) and found that the contents of GqDNVs are rich in saccharides and lipids. Based on the pathway annotations and predictions in non-targeted metabolome analysis, GqDNVs are tightly associated with the pathways in metabolism. In muscle atrophy model mice, intramuscular injection of GqDNVs improves the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps muscle, grip strength and the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α pathway expression. After separately inhibiting AMPK or PGC1α in C2C12 cells with dexamethasone administration, we have found that the activated AMPK plays the chief role in improving cell proliferation induced by GqDNVs. Furthermore, the energy-targeted metabolome analysis in the quadriceps muscle demonstrates that the GqDNVs up-regulate the metabolism of amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, autophagy and oxidative phosphorylation process, which indicates the activation of muscle regeneration. Besides, the Spearman rank analysis shows close associations between the quality and function of skeletal muscle, metabolites and expression levels of AMPK and SIRT1. In this study, we provide a new founding that GqDNVs can improve the quality and function of skeletal muscle accompanying the activated AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. Therefore, GqDNVs have the effect of anti-aging skeletal muscle as a potential adjuvant or complementary method or idea in future therapy and research.Graphical

The creative–destructive force of hurricanes: evidence from technological adoption in colonial Jamaican sugar estates

AbstractWhile in the early part of the nineteenth-century Jamaica was one of the world’s leading sugar producers, the abolition of slavery, the flooding of sugar markets with cheap European beet sugar, and the equalization and finally elimination of sugar import duties across the British empire led to a need for more efficient ways to produce sugar. However, it has been widely noted that Jamaica sugar estates were late in adopting more efficient production techniques, arguably due to inadequate financing. This paper investigates what role the destructive forces of hurricanes may have played in inducing Jamaica to finally modernize its sugar production. To this end, we combine a geo-referenced exhaustive data set of Jamaican sugar estates with a measure of localized hurricane damage constructed from historical hurricane tracks over the period 1882 to 1930. Our econometric analysis shows that hurricane strikes increased the probability that a surviving estate upgraded its sugar processing technology, particularly when the price of sugar was high and the price of the other main exporting crop (bananas) was low. Additionally, while a government hurricane loan programme working through local loan banks did help plantations to adopt new machinery, this depended on the damage not being too large.

A comparative evaluation of energetic and exergetic performance parameters in syrup purification and evaporation lines

AbstractConsidering the global challenges of environmental destruction, limited fossil reserves, and the reduction of the share of energy in the final price of the product, a detailed evaluation of energy‐intensive systems is needed to improve performance. The syrup heating process is one of the basic processes in sugar factories. In this study, the syrup heating system in the purification and evaporation lines, located in the Urmia sugar plant, was evaluated, analyzed, and compared with energy and exergy analysis. Also, the subsystems of the syrup heating process were evaluated with thermodynamic analysis. Mass, energy, and exergy balances were carried out by coding in EES software, and energetic and exergetic operational parameters were extracted. The heat loss rate and exergy destruction rate in the syrup heating system of the purification line were calculated as 121.29 and 404.36 kW, respectively, and in the syrup heating system of the evaporation line as 112.70 and 238.62 kW, respectively. The recovery potential rate was 134.99 kW for the purification line and 37.70 kW for the evaporation line. The stability index and exergy efficiency for the purification line were calculated as 3.03% and 67.01% for the purification line and 6.54% and 84.71% for the evaporation line. The results of the thermodynamic analysis showed that the syrup heating process in the purification line has weaker performance from the energetic and exergetic point of view, is accompanied by large losses, and imposes a greater environmental burden. Accordingly, it is suggested that the improvement of the syrup heating performance in the purification line should be prioritized for engineering optimization and redesign in sugar processing plants.Practical applicationsMonitoring the operational state of the systems and determining system losses are critical steps in food thermal processing. A practical and accurate method to evaluate the purification and evaporation lines is required to improve the thermal efficiency. According to exergy analyses, the performance of the syrup heating process in the purification line is low due to large losses and imposes a greater environmental burden. Therefore, the improvement of the syrup heating performance in the purification line should be prioritized for engineering optimization and redesign in sugar processing plants.

Adaptative comfort modeling for a typical non-centrifugal cane sugar processing facility

The production of non-centrifuged cane sugar in Colombia takes place in post-harvest facilities that generate significant heat and steam resulting from the evaporation of cane juices during the process. This study aimed to improve the comfort conditions of a facility of this type in the municipality of Pacho, Cundinamarca, Colombia, through bioclimatic simulation, where the enclosure on the walls and the lantern window were modified. The evaluation of adaptative thermal comfort revealed that configurations with open perimeter and lantern window demonstrated the best bioclimatic behavior. This is attributed to the increased ventilation area and chimney effect, which optimizes the transfer of heat and mass. Likewise, it was observed that there is a generalized behavior of thermal discomfort for workers in the thermal zone of the oven, due to the high emissions of heat and steam in this specific area.

The Significant Role of Organizational Size on the Level of Non-Financial Performance Among Livestock and Poulrty Agribusiness Firms in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

This study assessed the level of Non-Financial Performance among livestock and poultry agribusiness firms in Northern Mindanao, Philippines and ascertained the significant role of organizational size. The study employed complete enumeration and used the responses of 307 farm workers in the provinces of Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental, Misamis Occidental and Camiguin Island. Descriptive-correlational research design was employed to accomplish the research objectives. Pre-tested questionnaire with Cronbach alpha of 0.979 was used to gather the data through personal interview. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the organizational size measured in terms of the number of employees and the level of non-financial performance among agribusiness firms. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) plus a post hoc test was performed using the Tukey test to assess the significance in the difference of the level of non-financial performance with respect to organizational size. Results revealed that the level of non-financial performance is high. Non-financial performance of livestock and poultry agribusiness firms significantly differs when grouped according to organizational size. It is recommended that multigroup comparison can also be made between micro, small, medium and large firms and between other agribusiness sub-sectors (cereal crop, fruit crop and vegetable crop production and processing; cooking oil production, sugar, starch and coffee production and processing).

Determination of Flocculant Concentration to Increase Quality of Dilute SAP in Sugar Mills

The quality of the sugar produced at a sugar factory depends on the dilute sap from the refining station process stages. The quality of the diluted liquid is influenced by the amount of impurities present. The more impurities contained in the diluted sap, the lower the rate of the diluted fluid obtained. To separate the contaminants present, process aids are needed, and one of them is flocculant. The concentration of flocculant used must be precise to maximize the separation process of sugar and impurities. The determination of flocculant addition has traditionally been based on visual observations of the dilute sap obtained. The results of the research show that the addition of flocculant that has the most influence in improving the quality of diluted sap is a flocculant concentration of 3 ppm, which has a turbidity of 28.69 NTU, pH 7, pol 10.82%, brix 12.88%, and a purity value of 84.01%.

Perceived Factors affecting Sugarcane Production Among Small-Scale Farmers in Kilombero District, Morogoro, Tanzania

This study investigates the nuanced perspectives of small-scale sugarcane farmers around the Kilombero Sugar Company in the Kilombero District, Morogoro, regarding the effects of weather variability, climate change, extension services, and support from sugar processing companies on sugarcane production. Cross-sectional research design was employed to gather information using a questionnaire survey from 128 farmers who were obtained through a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. The findings elucidate climate change and altered weather patterns are influencing agriculture, in this case, impacting the cultivation of sugarcane such that that changes in temperature and rainfall patterns have indeed resulted in unpredictable flowering and maturity cycles in sugarcane crops. Furthermore, the study highlights the significant role of extension services in enhancing agricultural practices and adequate pest and disease management practices contributes to the overall health and vigour of their sugarcane crops. It is concluded that weather variability, climate change, extension services, and support from sugar processing companies on sugarcane production are important factors influencing sugarcane production. The study emphasises the necessity of tailored education and outreach programs to bolster farmers' understanding and adoption of effective pest and disease management practices essential for sustainable sugarcane production in the Kilombero District

Influence temperature to Flavonoid stability of palm sugar ( Arenga pinnata Merr .) as antioxidant

Palm sugar is the resulting liquid from flower tree sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr . ) through a thickening process . One of Content main are Flavonoids as antioxidant . Research purposes This is set flavonoid levels in various type temperature making brown sugar . Method used in study This is AlCl3 that is formation complex color on difference temperature in making palm sugar . Temperature used in study This is 55; 65; 75; 85; 100 0 C. Materials used is roomie palm oil , methanol , AlCl 3 , potassium acetate and equipment used is spectrophotometer. Accuracy results Flavonoid levels in sugar processing at a temperature of 55 0 C were obtained flavonoid content 1.72 ± 0.013; at a temperature of 65 0 C is 2.46 ± 0.023; at 75 0 C 1.32 ± 0.031; at a temperature of 85 0 C 1.18 ± 0.012; at 100 0 C 0.88 ± 0.012 mg QE/g sugar. Research conclusions This based on determination flavonoid levels in the process of making brown sugar, then along with increase temperature can make sugar lower Flavonoid levels in brown sugar

Spatiotemporal Trends of the Carbon Footprint of Sugar Production in China

Sugar is the main nutrient source of human beings and the basic raw material of the food industry. It is of great practical significance for China to find out the current situation and future trend of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from sugar production, and explore measures for reducing GHG emissions from sugar planting and processing. The IPCC GHG emissions accounting method is applied to analyze the carbon footprint of sugar production based on planting management and industrial development data, in which the GHG emissions per unit of sugar product are calculated and analyzed. According to Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality targets, the total GHG emissions of China's sugar industry in 2030 and 2060 are predicted and discussed. The results show that: (1) The average GHG emissions per unit yield of sugar show a downward trend from 2004 to 2021. The total GHG emissions of sugar production in China have reached 1319.9 × 104 t CO2eq in 2021, which has not yet reached its peak due to the growth of consumption demand. (2) The average GHG emissions per unit of Beet Sugar (1.477 tCO2eq/t) is higher than that of Cane Sugar (0.825 tCO2eq/t). It is more meaningful to enlarge the planting area of sugarcane than that of sugarbeet in the future. (3) Overall, in 2021 the GHG emissions of sugar production reached 0.91 tCO2eq/t in China, which would decline 15 %–87 % until 2030 and 2060. There is great potential for sugar production to reduce GHG emissions in the future.

Planctoellipticum variicoloris gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Planctomycetaceae isolated from wastewater of the aeration lagoon of a sugar processing plant in Northern Germany

In the present study, we characterise a strain isolated from the wastewater aeration lagoon of a sugar processing plant in Schleswig (Northern Germany) by Heinz Schlesner. As a pioneer in planctomycetal research, he isolated numerous strains belonging to the phylum Planctomycetota from aquatic habitats around the world. Phylogenetic analyses show that strain SH412T belongs to the family Planctomycetaceae and shares with 91.6% the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Planctopirus limnophila DSM 3776T. Its genome has a length of 7.3 Mb and a G + C content of 63.6%. Optimal growth of strain SH412T occurs at pH 7.0–7.5 and 28 °C with its pigmentation depending on sunlight exposure. Strain SH412T reproduces by polar asymmetric division (“budding”) and forms ovoid cells. The cell size determination was performed using a semi-automatic pipeline, which we first evaluated with the model species P. limnophila and then applied to strain SH412T. Furthermore, the data acquired during time-lapse analyses suggests a lifestyle switch from flagellated daughter cells to non-flagellated mother cells in the subsequent cycle. Based on our data, we suggest that strain SH412T represents a novel species within a novel genus, for which we propose the name Planctoellipticum variicoloris gen. nov., sp. nov., with strain SH412T (= CECT 30430T = STH00996T, the STH number refers to the Jena Microbial Resource Collection JMRC) as the type strain of the new species.

Enzyme-Assisted Osmosis Process of Functional Sugar to Improve the Quality Characteristics of Cherry Tomatoes

Enzyme-Assisted Osmosis Process of Functional Sugar to Improve the Quality Characteristics of Cherry Tomatoes