Problems Of Resettlement Research Articles

Construction and Development of the Kohl Dam Hydroelectric Project

Kol Dam Hydroelectric Project is one of the major historical projects of Himachal Pradesh which has been constructed between Harnora village, District Bilaspur and Kyan village, District Mandi. The project was identified in the 1960s when Himachal Pradesh was not a full - fledged state. To study the rehabilitation and resettlement works in the Kol Dam Hydroelectric Project, development works in the project affected area, environmental changes in the affected area due to construction and development, to understand the actual field conditions of the Kol Dam Hydroelectric Project, and the concepts of rehabilitation and resettlement. It is necessary. Development indicates a better standard of living of the individual, society and community, in which improvement in the quality of life and living of the entire society and nation is considered important rather than giving importance to any particular individual. Hydropower projects are built after identifying a specific area, which is an aspect of development projects due to which problems of displacement, rehabilitation and resettlement arise. Displacement is the result of development projects which demand resettlement and consider resettlement important for development. Development projects without proper rehabilitation and resettlement raise questions about development. Resettlement means resettlement of a person from one place to another as a result of construction and development of a project.

The Construction and Development of Dam Hydropower Project

Kol Dam Hydroelectric Project is one of the major historical projects of Himachal Pradesh which has been constructed between Harnora village, District Bilaspur and Kyan village, District Mandi. The project was identified in the 1960s when Himachal Pradesh was not a full - fledged state. To study the rehabilitation and resettlement works in the Kol Dam Hydroelectric Project, development works in the project affected area, environmental changes in the affected area due to construction and development, to understand the actual field conditions of the Kol Dam Hydroelectric Project, and the concepts of rehabilitation and resettlement. It is necessary. Development indicates a better standard of living of the individual, society and community, in which improvement in the quality of life and living of the entire society and nation is considered important rather than giving importance to any particular individual. Hydropower projects are built after identifying a specific area, which is an aspect of development projects due to which problems of displacement, rehabilitation and resettlement arise. Displacement is the result of development projects which demand resettlement and consider resettlement important for development. Development projects without proper rehabilitation and resettlement raise questions about development. Resettlement means resettlement of a person from one place to another as a result of construction and development of a project.

Массовая жилая застройка как решение проблемы расселения рабочего класса и малоимущих слоев населения в первой половине XX века

Массовая жилая застройка как решение проблемы расселения рабочего класса и малоимущих слоев населения в первой половине XX века

Seeking Justice, Seeking Hope

This article focuses on place-based pedagogy developed in partnership with Every Campus A Refuge (ECAR) at Guilford College, which is the first initiative of its kind to mobilize college and university campus resources to provide housing and other forms of assistance to refugees seeking resettlement in the institution’s local area (within and beyond the institution’s physical borders). ECAR is transforming refugee resettlement in the United States as it also transforms our understanding and teaching about the issues faced by these communities, and the role of post-secondary educational institutions. Through ECAR’s commitment to “compassionate hospitality and radical accountability” (Every Campus A Refuge, n.d.), campuses undergo transformations that blur the boundaries between campus and community and redefine the notion of “place” for students and community members. This paper outlines the main place-based curricular components of the ECAR and Principled Problem Solving initiative at Guilford College. We present an analysis of survey data collected from students who participated in the curriculum, and analyze their responses. This data indicate that the academic program’s place-based pedagogy 1) provides students opportunities to learn about what forced displacement is and why it happens; 2) centralizes the voice, agency, and perspectives of the individuals who experience forced migration and resettlement; 3) emphasizes how we can collectively organize and advocate to address the problems of forced displacement and resettlement. In this way, the minor is helping students engage in the work of principled problem-solving in refugee resettlement through specialized course offerings and place-based pedagogy. The paper concludes with challenges and opportunities for campuses interested in adopting this place-based campus refugee resettlement program for their colleges/universities, as well as discuss pathways for further research and pedagogical innovation.

The Challenges of Women Housed in Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Camps During an Armed Conflict in Ethiopia

The outbreak of an ethnically and politically motivated armed warfare in Tigray in 2020, spread to the Amhara and Afar regions in Ethiopia, wreaking havoc on civilians. This armed conflict has had a significant impact on the lives of women who have been uprooted from their homes and are now living in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps. The purpose of this study was to examine the challenges faced by women living in two IDP camps in Dabat and Debark, Ethiopia. In-depth interviews were used to gather data from 13 participants. Challenges emerged that relate to three major themes: systemic (gender-based violence, family separation/disintegration, human trafficking, and genocide); psychological (trauma and stress; loss of home/personal belongings); and social (lack of social security and stability, reintegration and resettlement problems, unmet basic needs [physiological and physical health], and maladministration of supplies. The results of the study suggest that internally displaced women in Ethiopia are a group of targeted and victimized civilians suffering from a wide range of atrocities that are rooted in their gender identity, marginalized status, and extreme vulnerability. Lawmakers, politicians, advocacy groups, social work practitioners and women's activists must all advocate for stronger sanctions for those who perpetrate violence against women.

Settlement of Non-Ethnic Migrants as a Factor of Cultural Integration With the Host Community

The article analyzes the problem of resettlement of migrants from Central Asian countries in Russian cities using the example of the city of Ekaterinburg. The author shows the positive role of the diffuse type of settlement in the cultural integration of migrants referring to the results of surveys of Yekaterinburg residents and non­ethnic migrants. The creation of migrant enclaves within Russian cities creates precedents for misunderstanding between locals and newcomers in relation to each other.

Комплексное развитие территорий: современное состояние и проблемы реализации

Resources for territorial development of Russian cities are exhausted in modern conditions of urbanization. The issue of complex development of territories by solving the problems of resettlement of residents from dilapidated and unfit housing, creation of urban space that meets the modern needs of citizens is acute for local governments. One of the modern mechanisms for managing these processes are integrated territorial develop-ment projects. This mechanism has become the flagship of changes in the urban space of large Russian cities in almost half of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to systematize the main features of the current state and problems of application of integrated territorial development in Russian cities. The analysis in the article reflects the desire of the city authorities to get rid of the old "problematic" development in favor of modern infrastructure blocks, within the boundaries of which all conditions for the comfortable life of citizens will be created. The article is based on the results of the methodological and statistical analysis of the main trends in the complex development of territories. The weak involvement of residents in the decision-making process of complex development of territories leads to social tensions, formation of social and economic risks in the process of transformation of the urban environment.

Sohail J. Malik, Safiya Alta., and Nargis Sultana. Pakistan's Economic Performance 1947 to 1993: A Descriptive Analysis. Lahore: Sure Publishers. 1994. 444 pages. Hardbound. Rs 325.00/US$ 35.00.

Pakistan's economic history has seen many turnarounds since independence. The country emerged on the world-map with few manufacturing industries, very little educated and skilled labour, a limited endowment of financial resources, and the enormous problem of resettlement of refugees. In addition to this, political conflicts with India caused two wars and resulted in the separation of East Pakistan. However, the country's economic performance has been remarkable. This book reviews Pakistan's economic performance over a period of 47 years, from 1947 to 1993, and traces the history and development of various sectors of Pakistan's economy with the help of time-series data on key variables. Trends in these variables are depicted in graphs. The background data are provided in the 58 appendix tables at the end of the book. In each chapter, Pakistan's position in the world economy is judged by a comparative analysis in relation to other countries.

The concept of the possibility of resettlement of compatriots in Russia

For a long time in Russia there is a problem of not so much a decrease in the total population, but a deterioration in its quality. In particular, this is due to the problem of brain drain (brain drain), which began massively in the 90s. At the beginning of the 21st century, attempts began to address this issue, including — since 2007, a program of return resettlement of compatriots was launched. Currently, it places a certain emphasis on the resettlement of precisely “talented compatriots”, however, there are no real results. The main problems of resettlement are: finding a job, housing, studying children and partly — difficulties in obtaining citizenship. In this paper, an attempt was made to find out the occurrence of difficulties in finding a workplace, since in fact “talented people are needed by everyone” and conclusions were drawn about the real complexity of integrating into the Russian reality of a talented person from abroad.

DEPOPULATION OF THE POPULATION OF SIBERIA IN THE LIGHT OF THE RESETTLEMENT PROBLEM IN RUSSIA

Understanding the problem of depopulation in Siberia prompted the author to study the current demographic situation in the Siberian Federal District and the factors that determined it. The comparative analysis results of statistical information for individual regions of the Siberian Federal District allow us to speak of the so-called «Western drift», the result of which is the pulling of the country’s population to the central part of Russia, which exacerbates the resettlement problem. The dynamics of demographic processes in Siberia is characterized by a significant decline of the population and an increase in the demographic burden, which acts as a serious limiter on the potential for the reproduction of the population in Siberian region in future, contributing to socio-economic stagnation. Clearly realizing that the reasons for the population decline in Siberian Federal District depend on the socio-economic situation, the author focuses on studying the dynamics of the ratio of cash income and wages in the Siberian regions with the average Russian ones, showing that the disproportions that have existed for many years are not decreasing, but growing. As one of the reasons for the current situation the author considers the polarity of views of Russian power elite representatives on the resettlement problem.

Dealing with ‘Returns’: African Decolonization and Repatriation to Italy, 1947–70

The repatriation of many citizens to Italy from the former colonies, and from other Italian communities in Africa, between the Second World War and the late 1960s, had a significant impact on the country. Compatriots coming back from Africa forced Italian institutions to deal with problems of reception and resettlement and made the consequences of African decolonization evident in the peninsula. Looking at three different cases of repatriation, the return of settlers from Italian ex-colonies (Libya, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia), and the return of Italians from Tunisia and Egypt, this article aims to display the political strategies enacted by post-war Italy in order to cope with citizens returning from Africa. The comparative approach highlights the political reasons that guided the State's action during the long repatriation. Italian governments had different attitudes towards the returnees, depending on the purposes of domestic and foreign policy but also on their places of departure and the supposed more difficult assimilation of certain groups of repatriates. In this regard, the article argues that the definitive resettlement in the peninsula of the returnees from Tunisia and Egypt was especially discouraged by the institutions, which long tried to divert those flows of migration to other destinations.

Расселение чеченских мухаджиров в Османской империи

The The article describes the resettlement and the problems of resettlement of Chechen migrants in the Ottoman Empire in 1865. It shows the duality of the behavior of the Turkish side and the indifference of some Russian officials to the tragic situation among migrants. From all that has been said, it follows that the Turkish government did not have a clear program of action and Russian officials did not show much enthusiasm in solving this issue. This is evidenced by the documentary sources given in the work.

DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL ARRAYS USING GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

The article examines the current problem of designing housing arrays. They would solve not only the problem of resettlement, but also all related problems, including parking of personal cars, employment of residents, a sufficient number of places for children in schools and kindergartens. In other words such housing arrays would be comfortable to live in and would have necessary infrastructure. Analysis of global design trends shows that these problems are solved in the design of satellite cities or semi-autonomous suburban areas. We have identified the existing pros and cons of these different approaches to design. We have chosen a centric planning approach semi-autonomous area as the most rational and efficient in urban planning. We used the ArcGIS geographic information system and a vector map to analyze the existing territory of Kharkiv and to select the construction site and further design the location of buildings and infrastructure. In particular, the “buffer zones” were used for the further placement of schools, kindergartens and shops. The usage of the "buffer zones" made it possible to locate these institutions optimally, depending on the number of potencial citizens. Basing on the historical aspects of Kharkiv, a quarterly division and quarterly buildings were chosen for the projecting area, due to the fact that each quarter will have its own urban ecosystem. An algorithm for performing such works was developed by designing a residential area. It can be divided into certain stages. This algorithm can be applied while performing similar works not only to Kharkiv, but also to other cities of Ukraine and the world. The article demonstrated the possibilities of geographic information systems in the design of new types of residential areas with highly developed social and transport infrastructure, harmonious development, as well as attractive to stakeholders and future residents.

Transitioning from Military to Civilian Society: Trials and Tribulations of Integration Process

The Armed Forces require young and physically strong soldiers to win wars. Therefore, about 60000 soldiers from the Indian Armed Forces retire every year, called Ex-Servicemen (ESM) or Veterans. The government has initiated measures including training courses, reservations in government jobs and self-employment schemes for resettlement of ESM. The objectives of the study were to: Investigate the resettlement and integration problems of the ESM, identify and examine ‘Enablers’ and ‘Barriers’ in the process and study and explore the ‘Quality of Life’ as perceived by ESM. The research was confined to the ESM comprising personnel below officer rank belonging to all three wings of the Indian Armed Forces. The survey was conducted online. An online survey software was used to design and share the and record responses. We found that a majority of Ex-Servicemen retire before they turn forty, and a significant minority could not get jobs and resettle. Employment emerged as crucial for resettlement and integration. Higher education, merit and networking, and job reservation helped in obtaining employment. However, government departments did not implement job reservation rules faithfully. Ex-servicemen lacked civilian job skills, and employers did not recognise their military skills. ESM considered government resettling agencies as powerless, ineffective and of little use.

Problems of resettlement of citizens from dilapidated and dilapidated housing in the conditions of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Jewish Autonomous Region, and ways to solve them

Problems of resettlement of citizens from dilapidated and dilapidated housing in the conditions of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Jewish Autonomous Region, and ways to solve them

СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦІЯ ТА АНАЛІЗ ПРАЦЬ, ПРИСВЯЧЕНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЮ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ЕТНІЧНИХ МЕЖ

The article attempts to systematize and analyze scientific works devoted to the study of the Ukrainian ethnic boundaries. It is worth noting that the study of the Ukrainian ethnic boundaries is one of the most debatable today, because shortly after the formation of the first concepts of ethnogenesis of Ukrainians historiographical generalizations of this problem began to form, which were built mainly in the forms of criticism of views of different historiographical schools on the settlement of Ukrainian people. Today, one of the most acute problems in the study of Ukrainian ethnic boundaries is the systematization and analysis of historiographical achievements of scholars. It has become one of the most complex and controversial in domestic scientific and historical thought. Although the problem of the origin of the Ukrainian ethnos and the early stages of the ethnogenesis of the Ukrainian nation has been actively studied by various researchers for more than a century and a half, this issue needs further elaboration. But why is the issue of resettlement of the Ukrainian ethnic group and analysis of scientific works devoted to this issue gaining its peak right now? Currently, the study and analysis of this topic is extremely important, because due to the fruitful study and comprehensive analysis of the problem of resettlement of the Ukrainian nation, the future generation will form a clearer understanding of the sources of Ukrainian ethnogenesis, traditions and customs, cultural identification, national traits, patriotism, representation of Ukrainian nation in the world historical and political arena, etc. After the proclamation of Independence of Ukraine, there was a need in society to search for historical sources of national identity. This led to the active emergence of new or popularization of existing ethnogenetic concepts. Most of them fall under the concept of quasi-scientific because of their doubts about the original sources and a fairly free interpretation of historical phenomena and events. The West and the East of Ukraine are characterized by completely opposite attitudes to the same events and historical figures. Public authorities need to pay close attention to the development of a national idea, the search for national symbols and leaders. The article reveals the problems of systematization of scientific works devoted to the study of the Ukrainian ethnic boundaries, as well as analyzes the ethnic components of the formation of Ukrainian culture.

Формирование политики модернизации имперских окраин России в конце XIX в.: предложения и проекты А.С. Ермолова

В статье дается краткий анализ предложений и проектов, разработанных в 1894–1895 гг. министром земледелия и государственных имуществ А.С. Ермоловым по развитию Кавказа, Средней Азии, Урала и Сибири. Цель работы – определить, в какой степени и в каких аспектах общий тренд модернизации экономики страны влиял на политику заселения и освоения этих имперских окраин, т.е. подчинял их логике «фронтирной» модернизации. Рассмотренные материалы разнообразны по содержанию. На Кавказе основное внимание уделялось проблеме переселения, в Туркестане – хозяйственному освоению, в Сибири сочетались оба направления колонизационной политики. Но в предложениях А.С. Ермолова прослеживаются общие подходы. Это, во-первых, преодоление хозяйственной замкнутости регионов и открытие их посредством прокладки транспортных коммуникаций; во-вторых, сочетание переселенческой колонизации с интенсификацией и специализацией хозяйства, переход к более рациональным методам освоения природных ресурсов; в-третьих, подготовка и организация переселенческого процесса, оптимизация землепользования в части урегулирования отношений переселенцев с местным населением; в-четвертых, переход к индустриализации окраин. Особняком в ряду регионов стоял Урал, который, благодаря длительной традиции развития горнозаводской промышленности, к концу XIX в. утрачивал фронтирную специфику, переходя в разряд среднеразвитых промышленных регионов. На Урале на первое место выходили задачи структурной политики, направленные на адаптацию региона к рынку.

PROBLEMS OF RESETTLEMENT IN THE KOMI REGION IN THE LATE XIX-EARLY XX CENTURY AND THE EXPEDITION OF P. I. SOKOLOV

Three stages of studying the problem of the possibility of settling the Komi region are considered. At the initial stage, during the second half of the XIX century, the problems of resettlement were considered in the context of the formation of a new - Pechora - uyezd and the need for its settling, the development of identified reserves of natural resources, the creation of new communication routes within the Northern region, and exits to Siberia. In the first five years of the XX century, while preserving the former motives, single expeditions were organized to study "agricultural colonization" and "Temporary rules for the formation of resettlement sites" were approved, directly affecting Ust-Sysola Uyezd. It was in this uyezd that the first areas were identified that, from the point of view of official researchers and officials, were of interest for resettlement. Their position was opposed by leaders of the local Zemstvo institutions. The starting point of the third stage was the agrarian reform of P. A. Stolypin in 1906. By results of a number of expeditions, first of all under the leadership of P. I. Sokolov in 1908-1909, almost 750 thousand tithes in the territory of 12 volosts of Ust-Sysola Uyezd were defined for settling. The beginning of the wide colonization of the Komi region was close to realization. K. F. Zhakov, famous Komi scientist, actively opposed such a scenario of events and convinced the members of the Arkhangelsk society for the study of the Russian North that he was right. Plans for the practical development of sparsely populated areas of the Komi region were unrealized, not so much because of the protests of scientific and public figures, but because of the clumsiness of the bureaucratic state machine, the lack of active and energetic supporters, the involvement of the Central authorities in resettlement projects in Siberia and because of the death in 1911 of the initiator of all agrarian reforms of the early XX century, P. A. Stolypin.

Children Displaced: Deinstitutionalisation of Child Care Institutions in Tibetan Exile Settlements in Dharamshala, India

This study assesses the present situation of the deinstitutionalisation and alternative care arrangements in exile settlements concerning various cultural and socio-structural factors. It explores how elements of social structure and culture operate to transform the residential care institutions to community-based alternative care arrangements for 10,000 young Tibetans uprooted from Tibet and presently settled in India. Their day-to-day problems of repatriation and resettlement in an unfamiliar demography with distinct ethnic values are pushing them to the margins. The dependence of these children on their exile government, the host community and the uncertainty of going back to their country makes them depressed, dependent and vulnerable to trauma and negligence. The study uses cross-sectional, descriptive, exploratory and qualitative methods. Primary data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Open-ended questions were used for interviews in order to gain in-depth information from the respondents. Twenty-five informants were selected on a purposive basis to facilitate a focus on information-rich cases that illuminate the research questions. The selection criteria of informants apply to their professional experience of deinstitutionalisation in Tibetan settlements, professionals having experience of heading care institutions, officials of the Central Tibetan Administration, people from non-government organisations, development agencies and government officials who were a part of the interventions. Respondents from both state and non-state agencies were selected for the study to avoid bias.

Питание русских Сибири в годы Великой Отечественной войны (на основе полевых материалов)

This article is devoted to the problems of resettlement of Russian peasants to Western Siberia in the period of the Great Patriotic War, as well as to food traditions changes and identification of factors that influenced these changes.