Procurement Problem Research Articles

Warfare and wind tunnel: engineers, physicists, and the evolution of combat aircraft 1914-1918

Abstract The British aircraft industry was transformed across the course of the First World War. Annual output grew exponentially, while by 1917-1918 the intensity of wartime research and development saw technologically advanced machines seeking air supremacy in all theatres of operation, most notably the Western Front. Capability had been inhibited by the absence of reliable, high performance power units, but ultimately production and procurement problems were resolved. This heroic narrative warrants qualification given the high ratio of poor to outstanding aircraft and the reality that in August 1914 Britain was by no means wholly unequipped to wage war in the air: the development programmes of the National Physical Laboratory and Royal Aircraft Factory, and the Royal Naval Air Service’s collaboration with science-based companies such as Short Brothers run counter to a popular belief that machines were still crudely built and militarily ineffective. There existed a working partnership between pioneer engineers and designers, schooled in applied science at metropolitan technical colleges, and graduate physicists and mathematicians encouraged by far-sighted dons to join a fledgling but fast-growing industry. That fusion of theory and practice, academic and industrial, was consolidated once British science’s human assets were mobilised to wage ‘industrial war’. Yes, aviation saw huge changes across the War, but the continuity is striking: before 1914 designers and air frame manufacturers were drawn from both the shop floor and the varsity, a wartime infusion of research scientists generated remarkable advances in aeronautics and in consequence a vital extension of Allied air power; and after 1918 companies survived retrenchment thanks to a durable combination of the entrepreneurial engineer and the experimental analyst.

Problems affecting procurement performance in Metro Kalibo Water District

The purpose of the study is to assess the problems affecting procurement performance that may be used to develop procurement methods and procedures for enhanced operational efficiency in Metro Kalibo Water District in the Philippines. The research design used in this study was descriptive-quantitative design. The respondents of the study were the ninety-nine employees of Metro Kalibo Water District. The study covered the period of one calendar year, from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023, and was limited only to demographic profile of employees, problems affecting procurement performance, and the measures to address the problems affecting procurement performance in Metro Kalibo Water District. The assessment of procurement performance at Metro Kalibo Water District is enriched by a diverse and highly educated workforce, including many with advanced degrees. This diversity provides a comprehensive range of expertise, with balanced input from both operational and managerial staff, and perspectives from employees with varying lengths of service. The distribution across different salary grades further enhances the multifaceted understanding of procurement functions. The Metro Kalibo Water District highlights the importance of effective procurement planning, clear procedures, staff competency, and adequate resource allocation. There is a significant relationship between employee demographics and procurement problems, as well as between these problems and the measures to address them, emphasizing the interconnected nature of these factors in achieving efficiency and transparency.

Analysis and Countermeasures of the Current Situation of Government Procurement in Colleges and Universities under the New Situation

The implementation of the Government Procurement Law of the People s Republic of China in universities is not only a requirement for regulating the procurement behavior of higher education institutions, but also a need for the development of universities themselves. Due to various factors, there are many problems in the implementation process of government procurement in current higher education institutions. Analyze the current problems in government procurement in universities and provide some specific suggestions and measures for reference.

THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC FINANCES IN UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

Introduction. This article examines the transformative effects of public procurement reforms on the development of public finances in Ukraine, especially within the context of the country's ongoing European integration. With Ukraine's strategic pivot towards the European Union, aligning its public procurement policies with EU standards has become imperative. The study meticulously analyzes the legislative changes implemented to harmonize Ukraine's procurement system with the EU's stringent requirements, focusing on transparency, competition, and anti-corruption measures. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to reveal the main features and problems of public procurement in Ukraine in modern conditions and to identify ways to overcome them/ Metods. The study employs a comprehensive methodology, incorporating quantitative data analysis and qualitative assessments from various stakeholders, including government officials, procurement professionals, and EU advisors. Results. The article delves into the challenges and limitations faced during the implementation of these reforms. It underscores the necessity for continuous monitoring and adaptation of policies to ensure sustained progress. The transition has also required significant capacity building and training for public officials to effectively manage the new systems and adhere to best practices in procurement. By providing a nuanced understanding of the interplay between procurement reforms and public finance development, the article offers valuable insights for policymakers, economists, and international bodies involved in the reform processes. Conclusiоns. The article posits that while the journey towards fully integrated and efficient public procurement in Ukraine is ongoing, the initial steps have laid a robust foundation for future advancements. Continued commitment to reform and international cooperation is essential for realizing the full potential of these changes in bolstering Ukraine's public finances and overall economic health amidst its European integration efforts.

Integrated optimization of crude oil procurement planning and blending scheduling for property stabilization

Crude oil procurement and blending are key processes in refinery production. When solving the integrated optimization problem of simple oil procurement and blending, the following issues are mainly considered: how to establish an integrated optimization model of crude oil procurement and blending process under different time scales to minimize the cost of procurement under the premise of ensuring the stability of the properties of blended crude oil. The paper proposes an integrated optimization model, takes cost minimization as the model's objective function, and provides stability through the yield and property constraints of blended crude oil. Then, the paper describes the procurement process by an event-based representation and the blending process by a continuous event representation and proposes a hybrid event-time-based representation to describe the model. Finally, this paper verifies the model's effectiveness in solving real production problems through case simulations.

Overview of Sales and Investment in Drugs Branded by Pharmacy "X" in Kampung Satu District, Tarakan City Using ABC Analysis for the 2022 Period

Pharmacies as facilities that are authorized to manage the inventory of pharmaceutical supplies need to anticipate inventory problems, both over stock and out stock. Pareto ABC analysis is one solution to overcome planning and procurement problems which tend to be ineffective and inefficient. This research aims to determine the sales and investment value of branded drugs at one of the private pharmacies in Tarakan City. This research is a retrospective study using the Pareto ABC analysis method on branded drug sales data in 2022. Based on sales data, 761 types of branded drugs were analyzed. The data is then grouped based on sales value. As for the results obtained, group A consisted of 189 types of drugs, or the equivalent of 24.84% of the total types of drugs, with a sales value of 17,986 items and an investment value of IDR. 209,828,250. Meanwhile, group B consists of 205 types of drugs, or the equivalent of 26.94% of the total types of drugs, with a sales value of 5,155 items and an investment value of IDR. 60,177,500. Meanwhile, for group C there are 367 types of drugs, or 48.23% of all types of drugs, with a sales value of 2,573 items and a total investment value of IDR. 30,107,100. This indicates that inventory monitoring and management can be adjusted to the characteristics and investment size of each drug category.

Public procurement and innovation policy in Russia: a perspective of narrative economics

Objective: to identify narratives describing the use of public procurement system for innovation policy implementation and to critically analyze them.Methods: quantitative analysis of the frequency of narratives, qualitative analysis of narratives to identify protomodels, institutions and social context.Results: in the modern Russian economic system, public procurement is used as a tool for implementing the national innovation policy. The analysis of legal acts regulating public procurement of innovative and high-tech goods showed the trends that potentially reduce the variability of procuring entities' actions and the transparency of procurement procedures. Based on the tools of narrative economics, the authors analyzed the attitude of actors (representatives of the state, business and academia) of the Russian innovation system to the existing practice of public procurement in the context of the national innovation policy. As a result, the work presents a typology of public procurement problems, discussed in mass media, for Russia’s innovative development.Scientific novelty: the considered narratives show that, in relation to the Russian innovation system, the public procurement subjects can act in the logic of the “principal-agent” theory, while the tendency to reduce transparency is welcomed by some actors.Practical significance: institutional analysis of the recent changes in public procurement, including the rules governing the procurement of innovative and high-tech products, has revealed the devolution of formalized rules aimed at the implementation of state innovation policy. Together with the increased level of privacy in organizational activities of procuring entities, this carries the risks of not only increasing the level of opportunistic behavior of the public procurement market subjects, but also decreasing confidence in the entire public procurement system.

Block Chain Based Service in Maternity Health Care Sector in Bangladesh to Ensuring Holistic Health Services

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current paddy procurement system in Bangladesh and find out the consciousness of the farmers towards it. In this paper, quantitative research methodology was followed. To assess the consciousness the perception and satisfaction of farmers were measured. For the measurement, a survey was conducted on 210 farmers of three Upazilas using a pre-tested and close-ended questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 20. The study finds that about 67.6% of respondents are not happy with the current paddy procurement system. This study found that about 69.10% of respondents think there are the middle man in the current system of paddy procurement, about 94.30% of the respondent opined regarding the need for an improvement of the current system, 99.0% thinks about new paddy procurement system may be helpful. Moreover, these findings led to conclude that there is a huge scope of improvising the current paddy procurement system which will make the activities of the paddy procurement more transparent to all including the farmers. The study may significantly contribute to the policymaking in the paddy procurement system in Bangladesh and similar paddy procurement problems have been faced in many other countries in the world.

Актуальные вопросы правового регулирования публичных закупок в условиях импортозамещения

The article reveals the issues of legal regulation of public procurement aimed at import substitution in the context of sanctions challenges. The author's classification of sanctions by unfriendly countries is proposed, and the key directions of measures aimed at import substitution in the context of new sanctions challenges are highlighted. The actual problems of public procurement and ways of their solution are studied.

Участие граждан в осуществлении общественного контроля государственных и муниципальных закупок

nteraction between local governments and citizens, but also one of the tools to combat corruption. At the same time, with the participation of citizens in the implementation of public control of state and municipal procurement problems, arise related to the coordination of the participation of citizens in the implementation of public control of state and municipal procurement, and there is also a lack of sufficient qualifications of participants in public control. The authors of this article propose a solution to these problems.

Perishable food procurement decision making in emergency scenarios: a case study from China

ABSTRACT The frequent occurrence of natural disasters and public health and safety events bring considerable risk and uncertainty to the supply of materials, especially for perishable fresh food. Currently, there is limited scholarly research addressing the procurement decisions related to perishable fresh food during emergencies. In this paper, the emergency food procurement problem is addressed by considering cost, supply risk, and other factors, and a procurement decision optimisation model is constructed with the dual objectives of minimizing both total cost and supply risk. Additionally, the urban emergency is used as the case study, which provides background description and the actual data that enable better understanding of what actually occurs during emergencies, as well as validating the applicability of the model. The findings could support the decision of supply chain participants engaged in emergency fresh food procurement and enrich the body of theory in the field of emergency fresh food procurement decisions.

Decision support based on performance data using the analytic hierarchy process without expert judgement

Goal: This article proposes a decision model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process that allows carrying out the evaluation of alternatives in a multicriteria problem, without expert judgement. Design / Methodology / Approach: The algorithm is based on AHP. The novelty is the transformation of a performance data matrix into pairwise evaluation matrices, instead of using experts’ judgement. Results: The algorithm was applied in a defense procurement problem for the choice of a light 4x4 vehicle for amphibious operations. The results allowed ranking the 17 models based on catalog data. Limitations of the investigation: the algorithm depends on the availability of catalog data, not always available in open sources in the defense industry. Practical implications: Decision support involves several activities in Operations Management and AHP has been frequently applied to solve problems in this sector. The proposed algorithm allows performing deterministic or probabilistic evaluations, depending on the degree of uncertainty and precision involving the systems’ performance data. These assessments are composed of scenarios to facilitate decision making. Originality / Value: AHP typically uses experts for pairwise judgments. However, human judgment is subject to outcomes that involve bias and cognitive distortions. Few studies have modeled the AHP without experts, even so they used human judgment in some part of the process. The approach proposed here does not require human judgment and returns two different results, based on the database precision. This new approach gives decision makers a different perspective and can alter the final choice.

FEATURES OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN EXTREME CONDITIONS OF STATE FUNCTIONING

The article reveals the role of public procurement in the public finance system of Ukraine in the extreme conditions of its operation in the last 15 years and the need to overcome the long-term consequences of the coronavirus pandemic and Russia's war against our country. The need to strengthen state regulation of this process is emphasized, since in the extreme conditions of the functioning of Ukraine, only the state can effectively resist the specified challenges, as well as the so-called "black swans". At the same time, the erroneous transfer of the so-called military tax on citizens' incomes from the budgets of local self-government bodies to the State Budget of Ukraine in 2024 is emphasized, which contradicts the provisions of the Budget Code of Ukraine. The authors also analyzed the features of public procurement in the EU countries to eliminate the consequences of the coronavirus and the energy blockade of the countries of the European Union by Russia after its war against Ukraine. It is emphasized that in these conditions EU countries accelerate the implementation of "green" projects and allocate additional funds for them, which is important to take into account in Ukraine in the process of rebuilding its economy. The article examines the problems that exist in Ukraine under martial law when conducting tender procurements and taxing their Ukrainian participants, as well as problems in the activities of the country's controlling structures in the field of public procurement control and planned ways to overcome them, taking into account the experience of the countries of the European Union. primarily Poland. It is emphasized that a significant part of the problems in the defense sphere of Ukraine can be solved by innovative entrepreneurship with a significant increase in public orders for similar products. The authors also substantiate the directions of reforming the mechanism of public procurement in Ukraine in the conditions of reconstruction, taking into account the experience of the EU countries regarding measures to introduce the European Green Course; identified financial positives and problems of public procurement after the entry into force of the new version of the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement"; researched forms of financial responsibility of participants and customers of public procurement in Ukraine under martial law and their effectiveness.

Lessons learned from conceptualising and operationalising the National Adolescent Health Programme or Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram’s Learning Districts Initiative in six districts of India

In 2018, WHO with the support of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India and partner organisations launched a Learning Districts Initiative to strengthen the district-level application of the National Adolescent Health Programme and to draw out lessons. An assessment of this initiative from 2019 to 2023 using qualitative and quantitative programme monitoring data from interviews, discussions, observations and data from multiple secondary sources explored the evolution of the concept, the process of securing government agreement, operationalising the initiative and the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness and the potential of sustainability and replicability within the government health system. As part of the process, WHO developed the concept with partners to address the challenges identified in a Rapid Programme Review requested by the Ministry. The Ministry concurred with the proposed participatory problem identification and problem-solving approach. A review-based process guided the implementation. Local non-government organisations supported District Health Management Units to strengthen planning, implementation and monitoring. An expert in adolescent health provided technical oversight. Three years later in 2022, adolescent health is on district agendas, staff capacity has been built, and clinic and community-based activities are carried out in a structured manner. The Initiative is feasible as it leverages local expertise. Its core interventions are acceptable to government officials. While there are improvements in inputs, processes and outputs, these need to be independently validated. Challenges such as unfilled vacancies, problems in supply procurement, inability of staff to discuss sensitive issues, weak intersectoral convergence and low engagement of adolescents in programme management remain to be addressed. Nevertheless, the overall experience augurs well for the future of the programme.

Implementation Of The Multi Objective Optimization Method On The Basis Of Ratio Analysis (Moora) In Determining The Procurement Of Goods At The General Bureau Of The Government Bengkulu Province

Procurement is an activity related to the fulfillment/provision of resources (goods or services) in a particular project organized by a company. Conventional procurement is considered to have several disadvantages, such as the ease of Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism (KKN) to develop and lack of transparency. Conventional procurement also takes a long time so that it is seen as a waste of time and money, lack of information and unfair competition. Alternatives that can be done to solve procurement problems by using information technology Decision Support System (SPK) with the Multi-Objective Optimization on The Basic of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method. The results of the tests that have been carried out obtained have ranked the companies that will be recommended to procure goods at the General Bureau of Bengkulu Province. The use of MOORA is able to analyze and provide recommendations in Goods activities.

Software solution of procurement problem

U današnje vrijeme izraženih poremećaja u lancima dobave zbog niza nepovoljnih okolnosti kao što su ratna zbivanja, prirodne nepogode i nestašica sirovina i energenata, adekvatno upravljanje nabavom jedno je od ključnih ciljeva koji nastoji postići gotovo svaki poduzetnik odnosno poduzeće. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati primjenu metode dinamičkog programiranja za rješavanje problema nabave te prezentirati programsko rješenje izrađeno za rješavanje problema nabave primjenom navedene metode. Dinamičko programiranje je specijalna matematička metoda koja se koristi za probleme optimizacije sustava na način da se identificirani problem rastavi na više jednostavnijih potproblema. U radu su također prezentirane funkcionalnosti izrađene programske aplikacije s ugrađenim algoritmom dinamičkog programiranja na primjeru rješavanja problema nabave jednog prijeko potrebnog proizvoda u projektno orijentiranom poduzeću. Korištenje dinamičkog programiranja kao alata i programske podrške može poslužiti u rješavanju različite klase problema vezanih uz adekvatno upravljanje zalihama obzirom da pruža detaljan uvid u stanje zaliha čime je znatno olakšano planiranje nabave i uvid u moguće troškove povezane s nabavom.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ЗАКУПОК

Currently in Russia, accelerated technological development in priority areas is becoming one of the key conditions for solving long-term problems in the areas of planning and spending budget funds. The article discusses the main problems of modern state and municipal procurement, as well as the search for ways to solve them in the process of professional activity.

Increasing Added Value of Chrysanthemum through Cultivation Improvement in Agro Pudak Lestari Ornamental Plant Farmers Group

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum sp.) is an ornamental flower commodity that has high economic potential value. Based on the results of initial visits and discussions with the community, it is known that the problems that farmers complain about most are seed procurement problems and leaf rust problems. The aim of this research is to increase the added value of farmers, using extension and training methods. The solutions that will be implemented regarding the problems faced by Farmer Groups are, (1) Increasing knowledge of plant propagation techniques through good and correct seeds and (2) Increasing knowledge about how to control leaf rust disease.

Electric bus fleet scheduling under travel time and energy consumption uncertainty

The public transportation system is experiencing a substantial shift due to the rapid expansion of electromobility infrastructure and operations. This transformation is anticipated to contribute to decarbonizing and promoting environmental sustainability significantly. Among the most pressing planning issues in this area is the optimization of operational and strategic costs associated with electric fleets, which has recently garnered the attention of researchers. This paper investigates the scheduling and procurement problem of electric fleets under travel time and energy consumption uncertainty. A novel mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed, which determines the number of buses required to cover all trips, yields the schedule of the trips, and creates bus charging plans. The robust optimization paradigm is employed to address uncertainty, and a new budget uncertainty set is introduced to control the robustness of the solution. The efficiency of the model is evaluated through an extensive Monte Carlo simulation. Additionally, a case study is conducted on the off-campus college transport network at Binghamton University to demonstrate the real-world applicability of the model. The numerical results have shown that ignoring uncertainty can lead to schedules where up to 48% of the trips are affected, which are either delayed or missed. The proposed approach can also be applied to other transportation networks with similar characteristics and uncertainties.

The Problems of In-House Procurement in Lithuanian Public Procurement

Abstract Although the in-house procurement, as an exception to public procurement process, have existed in Lithuanian law for more than a decade and the European Union has expressed a clear positive position on the issue by legalize it in international level with Directive 2014/24/EU, but this legal institute still is not analysed enough in scientific level in order to evaluate its situation and problems in Lithuanian public procurement law. Especially, when in order to find the most optimal legislative regulation of the in-house procurement, the Lithuanian legislator has changed this legal institute many times and in many ways without its clear decision as to how the issue should be regulated in statutory regulation. Therefore, the object of the research is the legal institute of the in-house procurement in Lithuanian public procurement law and the aim of the research is to analyse the peculiarities and problems of this legal regulation and its application in legal practice. The article uses basic research methods such as document analysis, systematic analysis, comparative analysis, the deduction analysis and generalization methods. The analysis of this article shows main problems of this legal institute of Lithuanian public procurement law seen clearly in legal regulation and practice require as well as provide the certain solutions for necessary substantial adjustment of existing legal regulation on this question.