Problem-solving Coping Strategies Research Articles

The relationship between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms among young adult U.S. Black women: Identity shifting as a mediator

Although research has illustrated that racial disparities in access to treatment for binge-eating disorder (BED) among Black women exist, little is known about the psychosocial related experiences of binge eating behaviors among Black women. Binge eating disorder is characterized by the recurrent consumption of large amounts of food within a brief period, accompanied by a loss of sense of control over the eating and distress over the eating behaviors. Past research has shown that race and gender related stressors are positively associated with emotional eating among Black young adult women and that they may engage in problem-solving coping strategies like identity shifting (conscious and unconscious alterations of thoughts, behaviors, perspective, and appearances) to manage these stressors. Considering the literature, the present study was developed to examine the mediating role of identity shifting in the relationship between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms among young adult Black women. To test this assertion, we administered an online survey to 239 Black women (Mage = 27.32). The results indicated that gender racism significantly predicted both identity shifting and binge eating and identity shifting significantly predicted binge eating. Additionally, identity shifting accounted for 34.5 % of the associations between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of exploring experiences of discrimination and coping strategies when considering ways to reduce mental health concerns, such as binge eating symptoms, among young adult Black women.

Cancer-related cognitive impairment in older adults with acute myeloid leukemia treated with hypomethylating agents and venetoclax chemotherapy: a longitudinal descriptive study.

To explore cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents or low-dose cytarabine chemotherapy. This study is a longitudinal, qualitative descriptive study. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 11 older adults with AML at cycle 2, cycle 4, and cycle 7 of chemotherapy. An early end-of-study interview was conducted for those who changed treatment plans during the study follow-up. A total of 22 transcripts were included for thematic analysis. Four themes emerged: (1) CRCI experiences, (2) impact of CRCI, (3) CRCI coping strategies, and (4) perceived CRCI-related factors. Older adults with AML experienced challenges in memory, language, and attention both intermittently and daily. These cognitive changes impacted their emotion, daily activities, social connection, and their caregivers' responsibilities. Hence, these older adults with AML developed problem-solving and emotional coping strategies to cope with CRCI. Older adults with AML also identified demographic, physiology/clinical, psychological, and other factors that might contribute to CRCI. This study offers important insight for clinicians to understand how older adults with AML experience CRCI and how it impacts their daily routines. It indicates that clinicians should ask patients about their experience with cognitive changes at each encounter to provide support or coping strategies as needed to prevent CRCI from further hindering their quality of life.

An adaptation of the KidCOPE: the KidCOPE-parent (KidCOPE-P) – a parent-report measure of child coping strategies

ABSTRACT Objective Understanding how children cope is an important factor in investigating the impact of adversity on child development. With children increasingly experiencing adverse situations – such as the COVID-19 pandemic – having methods of assessing coping strategies is an essential step in supporting self-regulation development. Parent report is a common method of measuring child outcomes, as parents observe children across a range of settings. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the KidCOPE-Parent form – an adaptation of the original KidCOPE self-report. Methods A sample of 253 children, aged 6–7 years old, across 19 government and catholic schools in Melbourne, Victoria. Results Findings indicate that a two-factor model best fits the data, with the KidCOPE-P demonstrating moderately acceptable reliability and validity. There were some differences in mean scores reported between males and females for items relating to problem-solving, social support, and resignation coping strategies. Conclusion Overall, the KidCOPE-P is moderately suitable for assessing children’s coping strategies, as observed by a parent. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and continue to explore the KidCOPE-P’s reliability as a parent-report measure of child coping strategies.

Does coping style mediate the relationship between knowledge and psychosocial outcomes in women with atrial fibrillation?

In patients affected by atrial fibrillation (AF) disease-specific knowledge and coping style may be associated with psychosocial well-being. This study aimed to determine if coping style (problem-focused, emotion-focused, avoidance-focused) mediated the relationship between patient knowledge and three psychosocial outcomes (anxiety, depression and life satisfaction). In 2021a total of 188 women with reported AF, and ages ranging from 18 to 83 years (mean 48.7, sd 15.5 years), completed an online questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic, clinical and AF knowledge questions and psychosocial instruments (Anxiety and depression, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) scale; life satisfaction, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS); and coping style (Brief COPE). Using Jamovi statistical software three individual mediational models (for anxiety, depression and life satisfaction) were constructed assessing the direct and indirect relationships between knowledge, coping style and each psychosocial outcome. Age was a covariate in each model. The mediation analyses demonstrated significant direct negative associations between AF knowledge and HADS anxiety and depression and positive associations with SWLS. There were also direct associations between each of the three coping styles and the three psychosocial outcomes. There were significant indirect effects of coping style between AF knowledge and each of the three outcomes confirming partial mediation effects. These findings highlight the crucial role of coping style in mediating the association between AF knowledge and psychosocial outcomes. As such, interventions aimed at increasing patient knowledge of AF may be more effective if adaptive problem-solving coping strategies are also demonstrated to these patients. Additionally, modification of maladaptive coping strategies as part of the psychological management of patients with AF is highly recommended.

Coping Strategies Among Family Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Mental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: It is widely acknowledged that family caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorders face numerous challenges that can jeopardize their mental well-being. Therefore, the adoption of effective coping strategies can equip them to navigate the difficult and stressful situations encountered in their daily lives. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the coping strategies employed by family caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorders who were receiving care at psychiatric centers in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study involved 188 family caregivers of individuals with mental disorders selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form and the Endler and Parker Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations – Short Form (CISS-SF). The relationship between demographic variables and coping strategy scores was analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson and Spearman correlation tests in SPSS v. 20. Results: The results revealed that 55.1% of family caregivers utilized emotion-oriented coping strategies, 30.3% employed problem-solving coping strategies, and 14.6% adopted avoidance coping strategies. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the types of coping strategies and any of the demographic variables (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Given the findings of this study, which suggest that family caregivers tend to use ineffective coping strategies, it is imperative to implement preventive and psychological interventions aimed at enhancing the utilization of problem-oriented coping strategies within this group.

Post-migration stressors, mental health and well-being in resettled refugees from Syria: Do individuals’ coping strategies matter?

BackgroundThe evidence is mixed as to whether individuals’ coping strategies may mitigate the adverse mental health effects of post-displacement stressors in refugee populations, with some indications that the buffering effects of coping strategies are context dependent. The present study examined if problem-solving and acceptance coping strategies were effect modifiers between post-migration stressors and mental health in adult refugees from Syria resettled in Sweden.MethodsStudy aims were investigated using cross-sectional survey data from a nationwide, randomly sampled group of adult refugees from Syria granted permanent residency in Sweden between 2011 and 2013 (Nsample = 4000, nrespondents = 1215, response rate 30.4%). Post-migration stressors examined included: financial strain, social strain, host-country competency strain and discrimination. Two mental health outcomes were used: anxiety/depression, measured with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25; and well-being, measured with the WHO-5 Well-being Index. Both outcomes were modelled continuously. Coping strategies were measured using the BRIEF Cope scale. Interactions between coping strategies and post-migration stressors were tested in fully adjusted linear regression models using Wald test for interaction, corrected for multiple testing using the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure.ResultsBoth problem-solving and acceptance coping strategies buffered the adverse association between financial strain and symptoms of anxiety/depression, and problem-solving coping strategies buffered the adverse association between host-country competency strain and anxiety/depression.ConclusionsThe study suggests that individuals’ coping strategies may to some degree buffer the adverse mental health effects of financial strain and host-country competency strain experienced by refugees in the resettlement phase. Although this pattern was only found in regard to anxiety/depression and not subjective well-being, the findings show that individual-level coping skills among refugees may contribute to adaptation in the face of post-settlement adversities. Notwithstanding the importance of attending to refugees’ psychosocial conditions, refugees residing in refugee camps and newly resettled refugees might benefit from interventions aiming at enhancing individual coping resources and skills. The potential effect of increased controllability and decreased conflict-proximity also warrants further exploration in future studies.

SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AND ACADEMIC STRESS IN MEDICAL SCHOOL: ARE THEY RELATED?

Background: During the transition to higher education, many students experience stress due to the process of adapting to a new educational and social environment. Excessive or negative stress may lead to physical and psychological reactions, such as persistent lack of energy, loss of appetite, headaches, gastrointestinal problems or signs of emotional distress. It may be theorized that students who are more proficient at self-regulated learning would display problem solving coping strategies when dealing with academic demands, therefore reducing perceived levels of academic stress. This study aims to explore any statistically significant relationship between the levels of self-regulated learning and academic stress. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional, observational analytic study with a sample size of 222 respondents obtained from medical students at Tarumanagara University. Results: The majority of respondents (80.6%) experienced moderate academic stress, although statistical analysis shows no statistically significant relationship between self-regulated learning and academic stress. Conclusions: Further research should be done on the cross-cultural applicability of the concepts of self-regulated learning. Medical educational institutions should implement learning and lecture strategies that promote emotional and mental wellness among students as an approach to reduce the levels of academic stress.

시간관이 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향에서 스트레스 대처전략의 매개효과

Objectives In the present study, we examined the mediating effects of the three stress coping strategies(seeking social support, problem-solving coping, and avoidance coping) in the relationship between the five factors of the time perspectives(past-positive time perspective(PP), past negative time-perspective(PN), present hedonistic time perspective(PH), present fatalistic time perspective(PF), future time perspective(F) and PTG in (under) grad-uate students with trauma.
 Methods The self-report questionnaires including Traumatic Events Questionnaire, Zimbardo Time perspective Inventory(ZTPI), Coping Strategy Indicator(CSI), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory(PTGI) were administered to 303 undergraduate and graduate students(215 women and 88 men).
 Results First, the coping strategy of seeking social support mediated the relationship between past-positive, past-negative, present hedonistic time perspective and PTG respectively. Second, problem-solving coping strat-egy showed significant mediating effects between all time perspectives except for the present hedonistic time perspective and PTG. Finally, there were no significant mediating effects of avoidance coping strategy in the rela-tionship between time perspectives and PTG.
 Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that the role of seeking social support and problem-solving coping strategies is important in the effect of time perspective on post-traumatic growth, and it should be the fo-cus of clinical intervention.

Inspired in Adversity: How Inspiration Mediates the Effects of Emotions on Coping Strategies.

Inspiration is a psychological construct that has been relatively understudied in times of difficulty. This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of inspiration on the relationship between emotions and coping strategies in the context of adversity and to testify the effect in Chinese as well as the International societies. Using the snowball sampling method, two survey studies were conducted among 523 Chinese and 503 international participants during and soon after the local Covid-19 outbreak to testify how positive and negative emotions contributed to various coping strategies and whether the experience of inspiration mediated these relations. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Positive emotions had a higher impact on problem-solving and seeking social support coping strategies, whereas negative emotions had a higher impact on avoidance coping strategy. Both positive and negative emotions had positive relationships with inspiration, but positive emotions had a higher impact than negative ones. The indirect effects of emotions on problem-solving and social support coping strategies through inspiration were significantly positive, while the avoidance coping strategy was not influenced by the experience of inspiration. The results suggest that being inspired in both positive and negative emotions is positively related to approach coping strategies in adverse situations such as COVID-19, with the effect patterns slightly differing between Chinese participants and their Western counterparts. This study highlights the importance of inspiration experience as a motivational state that can help individuals bring newly acquired ideas into fruition, especially during times of difficulty. By understanding the role of inspiration in the context of adversity, public health systems can better assist individuals in different societies to cope with the challenges they face.

20대 취업준비생의 학업소진 잠재프로파일 및 예측변인 탐색

Objectives This study aimed to explore whether the five profiles of job burnout identified in the research by Leiter & Maslach (2016) are also evident in academic burnout. Additionally, the study investigated the cognitive and emotional regulatory coping strategies exhibited by each profile identified in academic burnout, as well as the as-sociations with relevant variables associated with academic burnout.
 Methods To this end, this study conducted latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression on 307 job seekers in their 20s using the R 4.2.2 program with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-student survey (MBI-SS).
 Results The profiles derived from this study were found to be similar to the five optimal profiles identified in the research by Leiter & Maslach (2016). Each profile exhibited similarities to the profiles identified in Leiter & Maslach's (2016) study. Specifically, in the case of ‘Burnout,’ the profile appeared to adhere more faithfully to the concept of the profile than the research findings of Leiter & Maslach (2016). However, in the case of ‘Disengaged,’ contrary to what Leiter & Maslach (2016) claimed, it showed an increase in both cynicism and exhaustion. Regarding the validated predictors of each latent profile classification, it was found that the group with high aca-demic burnout exhibited higher levels of accommodative coping strategies and lower levels of problem-solving coping strategies in cognitive and emotional regulation strategies. Furthermore, in terms of the associations with academic-related variables, the high academic burnout group displayed lower academic self-efficacy and higher tendencies for academic procrastination, fear of failure, and lack of learning motivation compared to other groups.
 Conclusions The close association between academic burnout and academic procrastination and academic self-efficacy suggests the need for future research to focus on the causal relationship between these constructs. Furthermore, theoretical and intervention implications for future strategies were discussed.

Stress and Coping of Parents with Children Seeking Treatment from a Tertiary Care Mental Health Institute

Abstract Background: Parenting a child with special needs puts very high demands making it difficult to cope, and parents perceive stress which often results in lack of experiencing the joy of parenting. The negative psychological effects of having a child with disability emerged in the result of many studies. Aims: The study aimed to assess the stress and coping of parents with children seeking treatment from a tertiary care mental health. Objectives: The study objectives were to assess the stress, ways of coping of parents seeking treatment from tertiary care mental institute. To find out the association of stress, ways of coping of parents with selected demographic variables and to determine the correlation between stress and coping of parents. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach and descriptive research design were adopted for this study. A total of 100 parents of children seeking treatment from child and adolescent clinic of tertiary care mental health institute, Tezpur, Assam. Study subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Socio-demographic pro forma, parental stress scale, and ways of coping (revised) were used for data collection after ethical clearance and written permission from concerned authorities. Results: In parental stress, the mean score for the participants was 45.72 ± 8.25. Regarding the way of coping frequently used by the participants, 36% of participants had used positive reappraisal coping followed by multiple (two or more). Coping measures were used by 25% of participants and planful problem-solving by 20% of participants. There was no significant association found between parental stress and selected sociodemographic variables. Results showed a significant association between gender and ways of coping used by the participants in the coping strategy of distancing (x 2 = 3.910, P = 0.048), accepting responsibility (x 2 = 4.254, P = 0.039), and positive reappraisal (x 2 = 10.364, P = 0.001). The significant association was found between planful problem-solving coping strategy and educational level of participants (x 2 = 8.046, P = 0.005), birth order of the child seeking treatment (x 2 = 4.557, Fisher’s exact test = 0.043). Furthermore, the coping strategy, positive reappraisal was found significantly associated with age (x 2 = 7.658, P = 0.006), gender (x 2 = 10.364, P = 0.001), and occupation ((x 2 = 5.396, P = 0.020) of participants. The result showed that there was no significant correlation between parental stress and ways of coping of parents of children seeking treatment from the child and adolescent clinic of a tertiary care mental institute. Conclusion: Our findings help to appreciate the many coping mechanisms that parents employ while caring for their children who have mental illness as well as parental stress. Effective intervention programs can be designed to educate parents and assist them in managing their stress by understanding various coping mechanisms, and how they affect parental stress. In a nation with little resources, psychiatric nurses and mental health professionals can mobilize resources that are sensitive to cultural differences and address the issue associated with parental stress and coping.

Coping styles of Guyanese nurses in the face of patients’ deaths: A cross-sectional study

Objective: to investigate nurses’ strategies to cope with patients’ deaths and to explore potentialinfluences of cultural aspects on this phenomenon. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional study.The participants were 85 Registered Nurses from a Guyanese regional hospital. Data collectionwas carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Coping Strategies Inventoryby Lazarus and Folkman. Descriptive statistics and the Spearman’s correlation test, Student’st-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to explore the data obtained. Results: most of theparticipants were women (85.9%) of African descent (56.5%). The mean age was 29.63 years old(SD=8.98), varying from 20 to 55 years old. Nurses have adopted the Planful problem-solving,Self-controlling and Positive reappraisal coping strategies to deal with patients’ deaths, and religionexerted an influence on the coping style they mentioned. Years as a Registered Nurse had positivecorrelations between the Planned problem-solving, Positive reappraisal, Seeking social support andDistancing coping styles related to patients’ deaths. Nurses professing the Hindu religion presentedhigher scores related to the Escape-avoidance coping style. Conclusion: even without specifictraining in coping with death, Guyanese nurses have adopted adequate coping strategies to dealwith this phenomenon. Cultural beliefs, such as religions of different philosophical and spiritualframeworks, may influence nurses’ coping strategies in the face of patients’ deaths.

Front-line hotel employees mental health and quality of life post COVID-19 pandemic: The role of coping strategies

The tourism business has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in economic and job losses due to travel restrictions and lockdown measures. Among those most impacted are tourism employees, who have experienced job insecurity, financial difficulties, and increased work-related stress. The pandemic has also produced a significant negative effect on both mental health and quality of life (QOL) of these employees, leading to high levels of anxiety, stress, and depression. This study aims to assess the impacts of three coping strategies (problem-focused, social support, and avoidance) on the mental health and quality of life of front-line hotel employees. Data were collected from 700 participants and analyzed using SPSS version 25 and structural equation modeling (SEM) and AMOS program version 24. Our study found that social support and problem-solving coping strategies were effective in mitigating the negative impacts of stress, depression, and anxiety, while avoidance coping strategy did not have a significant impact. The mental health consequences of stress, depression, and anxiety were found to reduce the quality of life of hotel employees. The study highlights the significance of developing and implementing effective coping strategies to support the mental health and well-being of tourism employees. The findings suggest that organizations should provide resources and support to address the mental health needs of their employees.

Depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms and coping strategies in the context of the sudden course modality shift in the Spring 2020 semester.

The COVID-19 pandemic created a host of difficulties for college students. There is research noting the unique vulnerability of this population's DASS symptoms and further connections of coping strategies. The current study aims to provide a snapshot of this unique time in higher education by examining the relationship between perceived difficulty, retrospectively, in the Spring 2020 semester and DASS symptoms in the Fall 2020 semester, and moderators of coping strategies in a sample of USA university students (n = 248; Mage = 21.08, SD = 4.63; 79.3% = Female). The results yielded a clear predictor relationship between perceived difficulty and symptoms of DASS. However, only problem-solving coping strategy proved a significant moderator for stress; surprisingly, problem-solving coping appeared to exacerbate the relationship. Implications for clinicians and higher education are discussed.

The Relationship between Emotional Reactions and Coping Strategies of Nurses during the Outbreak of COVID-19 in Ganjavian Hospital in Dezful in 2020

Background: Nurses face challenges when they are in a stressful situation and therefore use strategies to adapt. Objective: Considering the importance of the type of strategy used by nurses to maintain their mental health and considering the differences in the results of studies on the applicability of coping strategies, the present study investigates the emotional reactions and coping strategies of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study involving 208 nurses working in Ganjavian Hospital in Dezful in 2020. The instruments used in the questionnaire are: emotional reactions, demographic and coping style questionnaire preference for modified coping practices. Results: The results showed that the mean age of nurses participating in the study was 31.15±7.25 years. Most emotional reactions were related to nurses' feelings of desire with an average of 3.44 ±1. 23 and the lowest related to disgust with a mean of 2.44 ±1.26. The highest coping actions of nurses were related to nurses' emotional coping strategy with a mean of 26.87 ± 4.5. There was a significant relationship between problem-solving coping strategies with emotional disgust and direct anxiety. Conclusion: Due to the high level of hope and anxiety in nurses and the adoption of coping strategies focused on emotion, hospital managers and mental health managers should focus on providing psychological support to nurses and teaching problem-oriented coping strategies. They should also encourage the nurses to deal with their high level of hope for the high anxiety caused by Covid disease.

Relationship between Self-Esteem and Stress Coping Strategies among Internship Nursing Students

BACKGROUND: Self-esteem is an essential personality trait in nursing professionals and nursing students need to have a high self-esteem and effective coping strategies to be successful in their future career. AIM: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the level of self-esteem and the stress coping strategies, used by internship nursing students (intern-nurses), at the completion of their internship training. METHODS: A descriptive correlational cross-sectional design was used to measure self-esteem and identify the stress coping strategies of intern-nurses at Alexandria University. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire, including the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE). The questionnaire was distributed to all intern-nurses (273 intern-nurses) during their last rotation in the internship training. In total, 150 completed the survey, resulting in 54.9% response rate. SPSS software was used for the analysis. RESULTS: In total, 150 intern-nurses participated in the study. The majority of the sample had a moderate to high self-esteem, and the mean total self-esteem was 29.21/40 ± 4.44. The most frequently used coping strategy was problem-solving, followed by social support, positive thinking, and lastly an avoidance coping strategy. There was a positive correlation between self-esteem with both the problem-solving and social support coping strategies. However, there was a negative correlation between the self-esteem score and the avoidance coping strategy. CONCLUSION: The majority of the sample had a moderate to high self-esteem and they use problem-solving and social support coping strategies to manage stress. Intern-nurses with a high self-esteem cope positively and effectively with stress. Conversely, intern-nurses with a low self-esteem cope negatively with stress. Counseling and stress intervention programs are essential to promote nursing students self-esteem and assist them to develop positive and active stress coping strategies.

Resources and Stress Management Strategies for Siblings of Children With Chronic Diseases

In the unique situation of siblings of chronically ill children or children with disabilities, prevention courses should reduce negative effects like additional stress and help to maintain quality of life. For their further development, resources and stress management strategies should be investigated as possible predictors of quality of life changes. Self-esteem and problem-solving coping strategies had a particular influence. Resources and stress management strategies significantly predicted quality of life. Therefore, the strengthening of resources and positive stress management strategies should remain to have a significant role in prevention work.

Individual and Family Determinants for Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Inborn Errors of Metabolism Requiring a Restricted Diet: A Multilevel Analysis Approach

The objective of this study was to compare the quality of life (QoL) for parents of children with inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) requiring a restricted diet with French population norms and investigate parental QoL determinants. This cross-sectional study included mothers and/or fathers of children < 18years of age affected by IEMs requiring a restricted diet (except phenylketonuria) from January 2015 to December 2017. Parents' QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF questionnaire and compared with age- and sex-matched reference values from the French general population. Linear mixed models were used to examine the effects of demographic, socioeconomic, disease-related, and psychocognitive factors on parental QoL, according to a 2-level regression model considering individuals (parents) nested within families. Of the 1156 parents invited to participate, 785 (68%) were included. Compared with the general population, parents of children with IEMs requiring a restricted diet reported a lower QoL in physical and social relationship domains but a higher QoL in the psychological domain. In the multivariate analysis, characteristics associated with poorer parental QoL included both parent-related factors (being a father, older age, more educated parent, nonworking parent, greater anxiety, seeking more social support, and using less positive thinking and problem-solving coping strategies) and family-related factors (disease complications, increased number of hospital medical providers, child's younger age, single-parent family, and lower family material wealth). Parents of children with IEMs requiring a restricted diet reported poorer QoL in physical and social relationship domains than population norms. Psychocognitive factors, beyond disease-specific and family-related characteristics, were the most important determinants influencing parental QoL and may represent essential aspects for interventions. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02552784.

Association of Coping Strategies and Medication Adherence: A Systematic Review.

Background: Medication adherence is difficult for most patients who take at least one medication. Poor drug adherence is a developing problem since it contributes to negative outcomes, prescription waste, increased healthcare expenses, and disease progression. Coping strategies are an important tool for managing a patient's condition because a patient's coping method influences how he or she perceives the situation and deals with the stress that comes with it, which can eventually affect adherence. Coping strategies are classified into five categories: problem-focused, emotion-focused, seeking understanding, support seeking, and problem avoidance. Objective: The goal of this study is to examine and illustrate the association of coping strategies on medication adherence. Method: A systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE database was conducted in order to screen and select articles. A total of 15 studies were included where they were classified by endpoints. Endpoints that were considered are medication adherence, problem-solving/active coping strategy, emotion-focused coping strategy, seeking understanding coping strategy, support seeking coping strategy and problem avoidance coping strategy. The association of each coping strategy on medication adherence was then evaluated from each article assigned to every category of coping strategies to determine if it had a favorable, negative, or no impact on medication adherence. Results: Most studies which measured problem-solving/active coping strategy (78%) had a positive association on medication adherence, followed by studies which measured emotion-focused coping strategy (69%). Majority of the studies that evaluated for problem avoidance coping strategy (50%) showed a negative association on medication adherence and a small proportion of studies (30%) showed a positive association. Four(4) of the 5 coping strategies (problem-solving/active, emotion-focused, seeking understanding and support seeking) were found to have a greater number of studies showing positive association to medication adherence as opposed to problem avoidance. Conclusion: The findings may suggest that problem-solving and emotion-focused coping strategies can be useful to help people with chronic conditions improve their medication adherence. More study is needed to establish a link between coping strategies and medication adherence in patients, which will allow pharmacists and other healthcare professionals to deliver better interventions to patients and assess for medication nonadherence due to poor coping skills.

Coping strategies among women exposed to Gender-Based violence in Turkey.

To understand coping strategies used by women experiencing gender-based violence and living in Turkey. Coping is a cognitive and behavioural strategy that individuals develop to manage stress, generally categorized as emotion-focused or problem-focused coping. Women exposed to gender-based violence develop various coping strategies to manage stress and its adverse mental and physical health effects. Qualitative study using the phenomenological approach. Data were collected in Turkey by using the snowball technique (n=17) between September 2019 and September 2020. The Clinical Ethnographic Narrative Interview is the source of the qualitative data for this study. Data were coded manually and utilized the RADAR technique. Seventeen women aged 25-40 were included in this analysis. Women stated that they were exposed to more than one type of gender-based violence according to their lived experiences. Analysis of the nature of coping strategies revealed five main themes. The themes were self-competence, separation from others/isolation, getting professional help, having faith and social support. Breaking the silence and listening to gender-based violence experiences from survivors' voices contribute significantly to literature. There was a dearth of research on Turkish women's gender-based violence survivors; the research intended to address that gap. The participants highlighted that they would like to receive more attention and felt relief in sharing their experiences. The Clinical Ethnographic Narrative Interview is a great tool to explore narratives of gender-based violence and coping skills of women. The study explored coping strategies of Turkish women's gender-based violence survivors. The participants indicated their emotion-focused and problem-solving coping strategies and shared their stories. This study will enhance efforts to concentrate on gender-based violence among Turkish women and inspire other researchers, practitioners and policymakers to change and provide more opportunities for the benefit and well-being of these women.