Problem Posing Model Research Articles

A Comparative Analysis of Banking and Problem-Posing Models in Online PlatformAn Action Research

This study explores the impact of two educational models, Banking Education and Problem-Posing Education, within the context of virtual classrooms. Rooted in the constructivist learning theory, which posits learning as an active, meaning-making process, the research aims to compare their effects on student engagement, proactiveness, responsibility, and learning outcomes. Theoretical analysis and practical implementation of these models were conducted in a participatory action research design, spanning three stages: theoretical analysis, implementation, and reflection and evaluation. Data was collected through eight weeks of virtual field notes, categorizing activities under banking or problem-posing education. Results suggest that the Problem-Posing model, in the virtual education realm, led to tangible improvements in student engagement and performance. Students exhibited greater autonomy, active participation, and collaborative problem-solving. This aligns with constructivist principles, emphasizing the social construction of knowledge. In contrast, the Banking model yielded a less positive response, marked by student reticence and disinterest. The findings contribute to understanding pedagogical practices in the digital age, emphasizing the practical application of constructivist principles in teaching.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Posing Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Intelektual Anak Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas VI MIS Al-Huda Langkat

This study aims to study the effect of Problem Posing learning model on students' intellectual thinking ability in science subjects at MIS Al-Huda. This study used a quantitative approach with experimental methods, the subjects of this study were grade VI students of MIS Al-Huda totaling 21 people who were divided into two groups, namely the experimental group who received learning with the Problem Posing model and the control group who received conventional learning. The research instrument was an intellectual thinking ability test adapted from the standard of critical and creative thinking skills. Data were analyzed using inferential statistical analysis techniques with inferential t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the intellectual thinking ability scores of students taught with the Problem Posing model compared to students taught with the conventional model. Students in the experimental group showed higher improvement in analysis, synthesis, and evaluation thinking ability. This objective indicates that the Problem Posing learning model is effective in improving students' intellectual thinking skills in science subjects in class VI of MIS Al- Huda, Hinai, Langkat District.

The Effect of Applying the Problem-Posing Learning Model on Learning Outcomes of Set Material in Middle School Students

This research aims to determine the differences in student learning outcomes in junior high school after receiving learning using the Problem-posing model and the direct learning model on Association material. The research method used in this research is a quasi-experiment with a Posttest Only Control Design by applying the Problem Posing learning model and the Direct learning model. In this research, the author used two sample classes, namely VIIA, using the Problem-solving learning model as the experimental class, and VIIB, using the direct learning model as the control class. The instrument used is four descriptive questions whose validity and reliability have been tested and scored. The results of data analysis show that the average student learning outcomes in the experimental class are 80.20 higher than the average student learning outcomes in the control class, namely 75.95; this indicates differences in student learning outcomes in the set metrics by applying the Problem-posing learning model. The results of data analysis using the Liliefors test and t-test show that the data obtained in this study is normally distributed, which means that applying the Problem-posing learning model influences students' ability to solve Association questions at St. Catholic Middle School. Johanis Laikit.

Description of Students' Critical Thinking Skills After Implementing the Problem Posing Model Assisted by PheT in Distance Learning

Description of Students' Critical Thinking Skills After Implementing the Problem Posing Model Assisted by PheT in Distance Learning

Problem Posing Model sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif

<p><em>In the 21st century, almost all aspects of education require thinking skills, especially critical and creative thinking. However, up till now students still find it difficult to achieve good critical and creative thinking skills because of the lack of encouragement to improve these skills during the learning process in the classroom. There are many learning models being developed. One of them is problem posing. This study aims to describe student activities in the problem posing model, the indicators used to identify critical and creative thinking skills, and why problem posing can improve students' thinking skills. After conducting a literature review, theoretically problem posing can help students to improve their critical and creative thinking skills through a series of stages in the problem posing model.</em></p>

PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBLEM POSING PADA SISWA KELAS V SD

This research started with the problem of teachers rarely asking questions, lack of activity in learning, students rarely asking opinions and students rarely asking questions in learning. This results in low student activity and learning outcomes. This research is classroom action research with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The research subjects were 35 class V students at SDN 105/II Rambah. In its implementation, this research consists of two cycles, each cycle consisting of planning activities, implementing actions accompanied by observation and reflection in each cycle. The results of this research can be seen from the students' visual, oral and mental activities. In cycle I the results of this research were focused on activities, namely (1) making experiments/questions (2) asking and answering questions (3) discussing (4) expressing opinions (5) solving problems, obtained an average in cycle I of 91%. Meanwhile, in cycle II, meeting I averaged 97.6% and meeting II 98%. This can also be seen in the completeness of student learning outcomes in cycle I, namely 20 students (57%) who completed, and 15 students (43%) who did not complete. Meanwhile, in cycle II student learning outcomes increased, namely 30 students (85%) who completed, and 5 students (15%) who did not complete. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the Problem Posing model can improve student activity and learning outcomes in class V.

About two important paradigms of modern geobotany: supracenotic organization and phylocenogenesis

In the 20th century, many brilliant personalities enriched not only domestic, but also world science, including V N. Sukachev, E. M. Lavrenko, V B. Sochava. In general, paradigms are important in the development of science as examples of problem posing models or new approaches to the implementation of ideas. The paradigm of the spatial organization of phytosystems from the standpoint of a universal scientific approach is affirmed in the triad of the process of cognition: see - describe - explain. It reflects the concept of the spatial-structural approach in geobotany. To the question - why, the meaning of the explanatory paradigm of the process of cognition is focused. As an example, the results of our studies of the vegetation of the upland terraces of the Altai Mountains. Based on the analysis of their most important features of the structure and modes of operation, a schematic diagram of the types of interaction of elements of the terraced slope was created, which made it possible to reach a forecast in the dynamics of their development. The paradigm of adaptive morphogenesis of plants in ecosystems, landscape and topolithogenic spheres is expressed in the triad of relationships: the center of ore genesis - geochemical anomaly - adaptive morphogenesis. This is the basis of the biogeochemical conditionality of florogenesis, which means the prospects for research into the latest foci of speciation -the formation of endemic species and communities of vegetation. Thus, we established selective accumulation of gold (Au) by fruticose lichens in the communities of taiga larch forests of the Ilchir tract in the foothills of the Kitoi bald mountains (Eastern Sayan). The selective accumulation of elements in phytocenoses indicates the biogeochemical conditionality of florogenesis. An endemic cryophyte-steppe association with Festuca komarovii Krivot. is described. Phylocenogenesis as a process of adaptive morphogenesis of biosystems is the growth point of geobotany, and its result - speciation and cenogenesis are realized in complex geobotanical studies.

Implementation of Learning with the Problem Posing Method to Increase Activeness and Learning Outcomes of Physics in the Material of Temperature and Heat

Purpose of the study: This research aims to find out how physics learning using the Problem posing Method is implemented in high school and to find out whether learning physics using the Problem posing Method can increase the activeness and learning outcomes of high school students in physics.
 Methodology: This type of research is classroom action research carried out in 2 cycles. This research was conducted in high school. The subjects of this research were 31 students of class X high school. The research data is in the form of student activity and learning outcomes. Students' learning activity is known from the results of observation sheets, while students' learning outcomes are known from the results of evaluations carried out at the end of each cycle.
 Main Findings: The results showed that the active learning of students in cycle II showed an increase when compared to cycle I. The results showed learning with the Problem Posing model was preferred by students so that it was hoped that the teacher could apply the Problem Posing model as a variation in learning Physics. The limitation of the research which only applies the Problem Posing model to the material Temperature and Heat with a relatively short research time, it is hoped that further research can be carried out on other materials.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is that classroom action research was carried out to determine students' activeness in the learning process using a problem posing model specifically for learning physics on temperature and heat.

Dependent and Independent Cognitive Style Learning Model in Mathematics Subject Outcomes

The need to improve learning outcomes in class VII students of Al Washliyah Middle School, then a learning model is sought that encourages students to like mathematics, motivate students to learn independently, and encourage students to have curiosity, and involve active students in learning, both mentally mentally , physical, or social. Therefore a teacher must be able to understand the cognitive style of students. This is because the ability of people in processing information of each individual is different. Therefore this study tests and compares several learning models that are more effective in the learning outcomes of the Alwashliyah Middle School Mathematics, Deli Serdang among them is 1) Problem Learning Model Posing with direct learning models, 2) Independent Field Cognitive Style with Field Dependent Cognitive Style. This study also analyzed whether there was an interaction in the learning model and cognitive style of students that could influence the learning outcomes of the Mathematics of Class VII of Al Washliyah Middle School. The method used in this study is a pseudo experimental method with a factory research design of 2 x 2. This study was conducted at Al Washliyah Middle School, Deli Serdang. The results of this study among others are 1) Mathematical learning outcomes of students taught with a higher problem posing model than direct learning models, 2) Students who have cognitive styles of independent fields obtain higher mathematical learning outcomes than mathematical learning outcomes students who have cognitive styles Field Dependent.

PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MODEL PROBLEM POSING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA DI SMP NEGERI MANDALA

The purpose of this study was to determine the development of a valid, practical and effective Problem Posing Modelas a learning tool. This research and development study (R&D) with 4-D have some phases, namely: define, design, develop, and desiminate. The data collection technique used test (description/essay) and non-test (tool validation and questionnaire). The data were analyzed through validity analysis, practicality analysis, and effectiveness analysis. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires,validation sheets, Lesson Plan, student’s worksheets, and test. The study showed that lesson plan is stated to be very valid with an average score of 90.15 in the k > 80 category andstudent’s worksheets is declared very valid with an average score of 84.58 in the k > 80 category. The students and teachers’ response are stated to be very practical with the average score of 80.55 in the k > 80 category. Besides, the effectiveness is declared effective seen from the students’ learning outcomes with 72% in the 60 ≤ p < 80 category. Thus, it can be concluded that the learning tool developed, Problem Posing Model is declared valid, practical and effective so that it can be used in learning mathematics.

Comparison of Mathematical Learning Capabilities Among Students Using the Reciprocal Teaching and Problem Posing Model

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether students who learn to utilize the reciprocal teaching model have a greater understanding of mathematical topics than students who learn to use the problem posing approach. This research was carried out at SMP Negeri 97 Jakarta for seventh grade students on the subject of Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel (PLSV). This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design. A two-stage random sampling method was employed for the sampling process.The first stage is purposive sampling, in this case three classes are selected which are taught by the same teacher. Then the second stage is cluster random sampling, from three classes that are normally distributed, homogeneous and have the same average, two classes are randomly selected as experimental class I (reciprocal teaching model) and experimental class II (problem posing model). The research instrument used was the final test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts on the subject of PLSV as many as 6 questions. Validity testing uses content, construct, and empirical validity. Calculation of the reliability of the instrument using the Cronbach Alpha correlation formula and obtained a reliability coefficient of 0.714 which is classified as high. The research hypothesis was tested using t-test statistics.The result show that the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students who learn to use the reciprocal teaching model is higher than problem posing model.

Penerapan Model Problem Posing dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Kelas V MI Tumbrep Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Batang

The purpose of this study was to describe the application of the Problem Posing model in training the critical thinking skills of fifth grade students of MI Islamiyah Tumbrep 01 Bandar District, Batang Regency, (2) to determine the application of the Problem Posing model in training critical thinking skills of fifth grade students of MI Islamiyah Tumbrep 01 Bandar District, District Batang, (3) to find out the solution to the application of the Problem Posing model in training critical thinking skills of fifth grade students of MI Islamiyah Tumbrep 01 Bandar Subdistrict, Batang Regency. This research is a field research with data collection through interview observation and documentation. The sources used are primary data sources and secondary data sources, namely mathematics subject teachers and fifth grade students of MI Islamiyah Tumbrep 01 as well as relevant supporting books. The techniques used in this research are data collection, data presentation and data withdrawal/leverage. The results of this study are about the application of the Problem Posing Model in training students' critical thinking skills in mathematics subjects for class V MI Tumbrep, Bandar District, Batang Regency. The obstacles in this study include (1) there are some children who lack understanding, (2) there are some children who are not focused, (3) there are some children who are shy and quiet, (4) limited time, (5) class fat and solutions to overcome these obstacles include, (1) student readiness in participating in learning activities in class, (2) teacher and parent cooperation, (3) classroom conditioning

Freire’s problem-posing model: critical pedagogy and young learners

Abstract The instructional rationale behind critical pedagogy is to provide students the opportunity to voice their personal stories and opinions, and to reflect and act upon social concerns relevant to their daily lives. Students can then practice being agents of transformation in their own lives, starting in the classroom. This paper is based on the first author’s experience of experimenting with critical pedagogy when she was teaching in the UAE. It justifies the suitability of implementing Paulo Freire’s problem-posing model with younger EFL learners. Outlining the tenets of critical pedagogy developed by Freire, the authors support the practical nature of the model and its transference to a primary setting. The authors explicate Freire’s problem-posing model as five phases, providing a background and case study application for each phase. The intention is to present a practical guide for teachers wishing to implement critical approaches in the EFL classroom.

KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PROBLEM POSING

The Ministry of Education and Culture (2016) states that one of the learning objectives in the 2013 curriculum is to develop creative activities that involve imagination, intuition, and discovery by developing divergent, original thinking, curiosity, making predictions and guesses, and experimenting. The fact that the creative thinking ability of Indonesian students is still low is shown in the results of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) in mathematical ability, placing Indonesia at 62 out of 70 countries (OECD, 2016). The provision of problem-posing model questions is expected to stimulate students to think creatively by generating new ideas or ideas to develop existing information and finally students begin to propose new problems according to their understanding of the mathematical concepts being studied. The purpose of this study was to describe students' mathematical creative thinking ability seen from the indicators of creative thinking abilities, namely fluency, flexibility and novelty in solving problem posing question. The research method used is a survey method with the research subject being class VIIIG SMPN 1 Malang. The results obtained, the average score of the fluency indicator is 14.81 or 87.10% in the high category, the average score of the flexibility indicator is 4.64 or 51.61% in the low category, and the novelty indicator is 1.16 or 6, 45% with low category. This shows that the creative thinking ability of students in solving problem-posing questions is low.

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Menggunakan Model Problem Posing Berorientasi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis

This study aims to describe the level of validity of mathematics learning tools using the Problem Posing model oriented to mathematical problem solving abilities on statistics which has been tested valid. The development model in this study uses the Plomp model which has three stage, namely the Preliminary Research Phase, the Prototype Phase, the Assessment Phase. The data collection techniques used were the validation of learning tools. The data collection instrument used was a validation sheet. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statiscal analysis technique. The result of the research validation analysis by three validators obtained an average validation every RPP of each validator was 100% for aspect of indicator one as measured by guttman scale of which are very valid criteria and 80,36% for aspect of indicator two to seven as measured by likert scale of which are valid criteria, and for the average validation every LKPD of each validator was 93,33% for aspect of indicator one as measured by guttman scale of which are very valid criteria and 75% aspect of indicator two to three as measured by likert scale of which are valid criteria. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the development of learning tools using the Problem Posing model oriented to the mathematical problem solving abilities has been tested for its validity.Keywords: LKPD, RPP, Problem Posing

Improve Creative Thinking Ability of Vector Material Through Problem Posing Type Pre Solution Posing at SMAN 3 Semarang

In learning process, students often appear reluctant to read mathematics books. So that the students do not understand the meaning and concept of the material they have heard and recorded. This research offers a pre-solution posing type of problem posing model. Students make questions according to the situation given by the teacher and then it solve by themselves or finish them as discussion materials. The research objective is to examine, to describe the increase in creative thinking skills which have the effect of increasing learning achievement through the pre-solution posing type of problem posing model. The research was conducted at X-MIPA 2 SMAN 3 Semarang on vector material. Research variables are creative thinking skills and learning achievement. Data on creative thinking abilities were taken using observation sheets, data on learning achievement were taken by tests. The obtained data were scored, processed and presented descriptively. The results showed, the number of students completed, respectively, on the creative thinking variable was 57% and 86%, while the learning achievement was 60% and 91%. The increase that occurs shows the application of improved learning actions on vector material with the pre-solution posing type of problem posing learning model.
 Keywords: Creative Thinking, Pre Solution Posing, Learning Achievement, Problem Posing

Applying Freire’s Critical Pedagogy to Iranian EFL Bilingual and Monolingual Speaking Performance

The purpose of the present pre-experimental study is to examine the extent to how Critical Pedagogy (CP) may function in EFL teaching in Iran. Compared with the growing but far from conclusive body of research, virtually few studies have been covered comparatively among monolinguals and bilinguals. Also, no studies have examined Freire’s CP among monolinguals and bilinguals especially in Iran, which considered as two privileged and less privileged groups respectively. Therefore, this study was done among sixty Iranian monolingual and bilingual university sophomores to know if CP affects them differently. The study is done under two available classes in bilingual and two other classes in monolingual context. The first groups received problem-posing and the second groups were exposed to banking model. The scoring procedure of participants’ performance was based on IELTS speaking band descriptors. Findings reveal that applying problem-posing model cause improvement in speaking performance of both monolingual and bilingual learners than banking model. More importantly, it is concluded that there is no significant difference between monolinguals and bilinguals in terms of problem-posing model, perhaps because the standards of educational justice have been partially observed among both communities. Finally, implications were drawn for EFL teachers and syllabus designers.

Applying Freire’s Critical Pedagogy to Iranian EFL Bilingual and Monolingual Speaking Performance

The purpose of the present pre-experimental study is to examine the extent to how Critical Pedagogy (CP) may function in EFL teaching in Iran. Compared with the growing but far from conclusive body of research, virtually few studies have been covered comparatively among monolinguals and bilinguals. Also, no studies have examined Freire’s CP among monolinguals and bilinguals especially in Iran, which considered as two privileged and less privileged groups respectively. Therefore, this study was done among sixty Iranian monolingual and bilingual university sophomores to know if CP affects them differently. The study is done under two available classes in bilingual and two other classes in monolingual context. The first groups received problem-posing and the second groups were exposed to banking model. The scoring procedure of participants’ performance was based on IELTS speaking band descriptors. Findings reveal that applying problem-posing model cause improvement in speaking performance of both monolingual and bilingual learners than banking model. More importantly, it is concluded that there is no significant difference between monolinguals and bilinguals in terms of problem-posing model, perhaps because the standards of educational justice have been partially observed among both communities. Finally, implications were drawn for EFL teachers and syllabus designers.

Problem Posing Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Ability

This study aims to determine the effect of problem posing learning models on improving students' critical thinking skills. Subjects in the study were students of SMP Negeri 6 Sukabumi City VII class even semester with a total of 38 people. The method used in this study is a weak experimental method with The One Group Pre-test and Post-test Design research design. The instrument used was a question of critical thinking skills in the form of a description. Indicators of critical thinking skills captured from the instrument are focusing questions, answering questions, observing and considering the results of observations, making and considering the results of decisions, identifying terms and considering definitions. The results showed that students' critical thinking skills after learning using the problem posing model increased from an average of 51.34 initial tests increased to 84.37 greater than the Minimum Completion Criteria 75, and the results of hypothesis testing of the final test data, the value of Zcount was obtained of 9.56 is greater than the value of Ztable of 1,645. This shows that H0 was rejected. Increased students' critical thinking skills were also seen from the value of N-Gain of 0.68 and N-Gain on each indicator. In this study, there is the influence of the problem posing learning model on improving students' critical thinking skills.

Unburdening the Pedagogy of the Oppressed: A Case Study of ELT Classrooms at University Level in South Punjab

Recently, the concept of Critical thinking got much significance in the teaching and learning process. Thinking creatively and critically in the English language beckons our representation in different domains of development as well. The present study is aimed to investigate the on-going teaching-learning process of English Language Teaching at University Level in South Punjab from the perspective of critical thinking. The theoretical insights have been taken from Freire’s Banking concept of education in his seminal work, Pedagogy of the Oppressed (2018). The findings of the study reveal that our ELT classrooms are lacking the creativity and critical thinking at large. Further in our classrooms, the Banking Model of teaching is being practiced where a student remains passive and the teacher is considered as the ultimate source of knowledge. It points out that our teaching and learning process is moving on some faulty lines which need revisions and amendments. It is suggested that the Problem Posing Model of teaching and learning may be adopted in our ELT Classrooms so that our graduates at the university level may think critically and independently.