Problem Of Road Accidents Research Articles

IOT Based Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and Rescue System

The problem of road accidents causing loss of life is a significant issue, especially in developing nations where there is often a lack of efficient emergency response systems. These accidents result in higher fatalities due to delays in reporting to emergency services and reaching medical facilities. To address this, a new automatic vehicle accident detection and rescue system is proposed. This system utilizes accelerometers to detect vehicle crashes and sends the GPS location of the accident to relevant authorities and contacts through GSM module. This technology aims to improve response times compared to traditional methods, potentially saving more lives through swift intervention. Key Words: RF Transmitter, Accidents, GPS, GSM.

EFFECT OF DEICING AGENTS ON THE WATER STABILITY OF ASPHALT CONCRETE UNDER FREEZE-THAW CYCLES

Asphalt concrete pavement, as the main form of high-grade roads today, occupies an important place in modern road construction due to its advantages such as low noise level, ease of repair and short construction period. This road type is widely adopted worldwide and provides a reliable foundation for road networks in cities and villages. In cold regions, snowy weather tends to cause ice on the road surface, posing a serious safety hazard for vehicle travel. The problem of road accidents in winter is relevant both for regions with extremely cold climatic conditions and for the temperate continental climate that prevails almost throughout Ukraine. To solve this problem, deicing agents are widely used to improve the safety of road travel. The application of deicing agents effectively reduces the impact of snow and ice on roads and ensures the safe passage of vehicles in adverse weather conditions. However, while deicing agents play an important role in improving traffic flow, their widespread use has also brought some problems that should not be ignored. The chemicals in deicing agents may have adverse effects on pavement materials, especially on asphalt concrete roads. For studying the effect of deicing agents on asphalt concrete, this paper presents an experimental investigation of the effect of deicing agents on the water stability of asphalt concrete under the conditions of freeze-thaw cycle test. The impact of deicing agents and freeze-thaw cycles on asphalt concrete was investigated by evaluating the variation patterns of three key parameters: stability, residual stability and air void content. The experimental results showed that the stability and residual stability of asphalt concrete showed an overall decreasing trend with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles, indicating that the asphalt concrete was damaged or degraded under the conditions of freeze-thaw cycles. The higher concentration of the deicer solution corresponded to the more pronounced changes in the test parameters, indicating a significant effect of the deicer on the asphalt concrete. At the end of 27 cycles, the average loss of stability, residual stability and void ratio were 29%, 22% and 73%, respectively. This indicates that the combined effect of freeze-thaw cycles and deicing agent is more significant for air void content.

Road Accident and Safety Issue in Bangladesh: A Critical Review

Road accidents are a major public health concern in Bangladesh, causing significant harm to individuals and society as a whole. Despite various initiatives taken by the government, the number of road accidents continues to increase, highlighting the need for a legal approach to address this issue. This study aims to analyze the current legal framework in Bangladesh with regards to road safety and identify potential areas for improvement. The study found that the current legal framework in Bangladesh contains several provisions aimed at promoting road safety, including the Bangladesh Road Transport Act, the Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation Act, and the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority Act. However, these laws lack effective enforcement mechanisms, and there is limited accountability for those who violate traffic rules. This has led to widespread flouting of traffic regulations and a high incidence of road accidents. The study recommends the introduction of stricter penalties for those who violate traffic rules, including fines and imprisonment. It also suggests the establishment of an independent road safety commission to monitor compliance with traffic rules and to ensure effective implementation of road safety measures. The commission should have the authority to investigate road accidents and to take appropriate actions against those found responsible persons. Additionally, the study recommends the introduction of mandatory training programs for all drivers and the provision of better infrastructure and technology to support road safety. This may include the installation of traffic lights and speed cameras, as well as the use of innovative technologies such as GPS-based monitoring systems. In conclusion, a legal approach is crucial in addressing the problem of road accidents in Bangladesh. By introducing stricter penalties, establishing an independent road safety commission, and investing in road safety infrastructure and technology, the government can help to reduce the number of road accidents and save lives. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these measures and to identify additional ways to promote road safety in Bangladesh.

Promoting Road Safety for Sustainable Communities: Analysing Driving Anger, Aggressive Driving, and Road Accident Proneness with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) Approach

Objective: Numerous studies have emphasized the web of factors contributing to a driver’s vulnerability to road accidents. These factors often stem from the interaction between drivers’ conduct, environmental conditions, and vehicle-related aspects. Among these elements, road rage and aggressive driving behavior are particularly noteworthy for their roles in road accidents. In this article, we delve into the connection between road rage, aggressive driving, and their combined impact on the likelihood of road accidents among Malaysian drivers. Theoretical framework: Theoretical materials were based on international scientific publications, reports, and scientific papers. Empirical findings from previous studies were critically reviewed for a more complete and objective presentation of the road accident problem. Methodology: This study used a cross-sectional design to administer self-administered questionnaires to drivers. The survey method made it possible to study the factors influencing susceptibility to traffic accidents quantitatively. The analysis reveals compelling insights using a rigorous structural equation modeling approach. Results and Conclusion: Driving anger and aggressive driving significantly influence the likelihood of road accidents among Malaysian drivers. This study holds significant implications for theoretical understanding and practical intervention strategies to reduce road accident proneness within the Malaysian road user community. The findings provide valuable insights and recommendations to enhance road safety, ultimately contributing to the sustainability of communities through reduced road accidents. Originality/value: The originality and value of the study lie in its in-depth examination of the relationship between driving anger, aggressive driving, and the likelihood of road accidents among Malaysian drivers. It goes beyond existing research by employing a rigorous structural equation modelling approach, drawing from international scientific publications and empirical findings. This comprehensive approach offers fresh insights into the specific context of Malaysia and provides a foundation for practical interventions to reduce road accident proneness, contributing to community sustainability and road safety.

Road Accident and Safety Issue in Bangladesh: A Critical Review

Road accidents are a major public health concern in Bangladesh, causing significant harm to individuals and society as a whole. Despite various initiatives taken by the government, the number of road accidents continues to increase, highlighting the need for a legal approach to address this issue. This study aims to analyze the current legal framework in Bangladesh with regards to road safety and identify potential areas for improvement. The study found that the current legal framework in Bangladesh contains several provisions aimed at promoting road safety, including the Bangladesh Road Transport Act, the Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation Act, and the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority Act. However, these laws lack effective enforcement mechanisms, and there is limited accountability for those who violate traffic rules. This has led to widespread flouting of traffic regulations and a high incidence of road accidents. The study recommends the introduction of stricter penalties for those who violate traffic rules, including fines and imprisonment. It also suggests the establishment of an independent road safety commission to monitor compliance with traffic rules and to ensure effective implementation of road safety measures. The commission should have the authority to investigate road accidents and to take appropriate actions against those found responsible persons. Additionally, the study recommends the introduction of mandatory training programs for all drivers and the provision of better infrastructure and technology to support road safety. This may include the installation of traffic lights and speed cameras, as well as the use of innovative technologies such as GPS-based monitoring systems. In conclusion, a legal approach is crucial in addressing the problem of road accidents in Bangladesh. By introducing stricter penalties, establishing an independent road safety commission, and investing in road safety infrastructure and technology, the government can help to reduce the number of road accidents and save lives. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these measures and to identify additional ways to promote road safety in Bangladesh.

Road Accident and Safety Issue in Bangladesh: A Comprehensive Study

Road accidents are a major public health concern in Bangladesh, causing significant harm to individuals and society as a whole. Despite various initiatives taken by the government, the number of road accidents continues to increase, highlighting the need for a legal approach to address this issue. This study aims to analyze the current legal framework in Bangladesh with regards to road safety and identify potential areas for improvement. The study found that the current legal framework in Bangladesh contains several provisions aimed at promoting road safety, including the Bangladesh Road Transport Act, the Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation Act, and the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority Act. However, these laws lack effective enforcement mechanisms, and there is limited accountability for those who violate traffic rules. This has led to widespread flouting of traffic regulations and a high incidence of road accidents. The study recommends the introduction of stricter penalties for those who violate traffic rules, including fines and imprisonment. It also suggests the establishment of an independent road safety commission to monitor compliance with traffic rules and to ensure effective implementation of road safety measures. The commission should have the authority to investigate road accidents and to take appropriate action against those found responsible. Additionally, the study recommends the introduction of mandatory training programs for all drivers and the provision of better infrastructure and technology to support road safety. This may include the installation of traffic lights and speed cameras, as well as the use of innovative technologies such as GPS-based monitoring systems. n conclusion, a legal approach is crucial in addressing the problem of road accidents in Bangladesh. By introducing stricter penalties, establishing an independent road safety commission, and investing in road safety infrastructure and technology, the government can help to reduce the number of road accidents and save lives. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these measures and to identify additional ways to promote road safety in Bangladesh. Keywords: Safety, Transport, Traffic, Accident, Punishment DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/132-05 Publication date: May 31 st 2023

The costs of road accidents in Poland

The article describes the problem of road accidents in statistical terms. The costs of road accidents were presented in a measurable and non-measurable context. Total and unit costs have been discussed.

RFID-based location based services framework for alerting on black spots for accident prevention

The need of developing systems that address traffic matters such as traffic control and accidents has led to the development of a number of techniques, methods and tools to address road usability issues. Many automated models have been proposed and applied in different scenarios such as road oddities. Despite of the advantages of these models the major problem of road accidents continue to pose problem globally. This has created the need to come up with more user-effective approaches to address road accidents. Main objective of this research therefore is to identify and address the gap in Location Based Services (LBS). A model that combines RFID and GPS technology to provide Location Based Services via audio alerts to drivers as they approach black spots is presented. The model provides location based services to drivers as they approach black spots causing them to adjust their driving accordingly (i.e. speeding, overtaking). Since LBS technologies have different limitations, most researchers have focused on addressing accuracy limitation by proposing hybrid technologies. Accuracy requirement varies depending on application area. The analysis of the different technologies revealed that in vehicle transportation medium accuracy is effective. This research focused on availability aspect which is a key requirement in LBS. To achieve this a model made up of RFID & GPS is formulated. Higher availability of significant alerts at black spots is registered through simulation as compared to alerts when the technologies are applied separately. Black spot accidents are therefore managed due to safer driving around black spots. This can lead to reduction in exposure to accidents, likelihood of occurrence and impact in the event of an incident. Usability metrics is used to determine effectiveness of the model.

Important risk factors for road accidents

This article analyzes the relationship and influence of factors such as the population, the level of motorization, economic development, and the state of the state road network on the state of the risk of road accidents, including the level of mortality and road injuries, as well as the relevance of improving methods for assessing, managing and predicting the risk of accidents in road traffic. National indicators of the level of road deaths and injuries in different countries were studied. The relationship between road accidents and the level of motorization, income of the population, the state of the road network, and other indicators were revealed. The urgency of the problem of road accidents and the organization of measures to reduce the level of road accidents is emphasized. It also takes into account the special importance of forming conceptually new approaches to the task of improving the efficiency of public administration in the field of organization and maintenance of road traffic through the implementation of the Concept of Road Safety in the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2018-2022, which includes the following main directions: further improvement of the regulatory framework in the field of road safety, including significant strengthening of responsibility for gross violations of traffic rules; comprehensive improvement of road infrastructure, improving the quality of roads, creating reliable conditions for the safe movement of vehicles; improving the legal culture, the necessary knowledge, and skills of road users, strengthening their discipline.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES ASSOCIATED ROAD ACCIDENT WITH HEAVY TRANSPORT DRIVERS FIELD STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF TRANSPORT DRIVERS IN FAYOUM GOVERNORATE

This study seeks to identify the most important psychological and social variables (such as family problems -haouralsaiq Balarzaan himself and his work - poor working conditions - and the ability of the driver to Turkazotina leadership because of the psychological state - the mood of Lycia Iq- and Introversion and isolation from people -uallaqh driver with his companions - problems with mates) that affect heavy transport drivers that lead to road accidents, as well as determine the effect of environmental factors such as (human - vehicle - road - natural factors such as storms, wind and Alomtarwalillab), which also affect heavy transport drivers, leading to road accidents. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method Balastbar also used as a tool for data collection was applied Alastbar tool on a random sample of 328 of the heavy transport drivers in Fayoum Governorate. The study found a number of findings, including: describes the field data from the height of see the lack of fractional problems for up to 46.34% versus 53.66%. the high proportion of see that complacency to reach 94.31%. the high proportion of see that poor working conditions have an impact Ai breath for up to 83.74%. the high proportion of smokers up to 93.50%. high rate of exposure to see the harassment of the other motorists to reach 95.53%. the high proportion of mind see signs and road signs while walking to reach 96.75%. the high proportion of see that the most important signs and signals that the driver is interested in observing is Zleghan. the high rate of traffic see that man has an important role in organizing the traffic to reach 95.53%. the high proportion of see that man Beverq traffic in the treatment of drivers for up to 92.28%. the high proportion of see that the study sample taking some kind of drug for up to 70.73%. proportion of the decline has seen the ability to concentrate while driving due to the psychological state of up to 47.15%. The study recommended: - Educating heavy transport drivers of the importance of adhering to the religious and social values ​​that distinguish authentic Egyptian society from others from other communities with regard to taking certain drugs and medicines while driving. - Must develop an awareness of traffic culture among drivers of heavy transport through various media. - Has to be activating the role of trade unions driver for heavy transport sensitize them to abide by the various signals and traffic instructions. - Work stimulating seminars for drivers within the trade unions and traffic departments to work on the continuous update them with guidance and traffic laws and new ones. - Worked booklets illustrated educational and explained to the guidance and traffic laws and roads are distributed to drivers during license. - The importance of adding substance to the rules and ethics of the traffic in the education curricula in Egypt. - The behavior of individuals has a negative impact on the problem of road accidents. - Moral chaos has a negative impact on the problem of road accidents. - That good conduct, which takes into account the human right of way and the right of others from its users is a measure of progress and civilization in the states. - Failure to provide a safe way to cross the infantry private on fast axes.

ANALYSIS OF ROAD ACCIDENT IN HISAR TEHSIL

Accidents are caused not due to the natural process but by self disastrous mistakes. In Hisar total road length is 2221 kms from which NH65 and NH10 passes through. Vehicle crashes are a major concern in rapidly growing urban agglomerations. The aim of the work described in thesis was to obtain a greater understanding of the problem of road accidents in Hisar. The social importance of road accidents in this city were identified by comparing deaths from road accidents with deaths from diseases thought to be of concern. A detailed study was made of road accidents in Hisar. Factors that might be contributory to the high accident rates are that Hisar is coming under developing cities were studied and due to the increasing of motor vehicle population, the accidents come more. From the study till, it can be accomplished that these Highways segment requires enhancement from protection point of analysis. A huge amount of accidents have been taking place over such an area of HisarSirsa road and Hisar-Delhi Bypass road mainly. Appropriate traffic management and organize coordination to conduct road users ensuring secure progress of vehicles has been suggested & several of the amenities such as walker crossings and openings of medians, Acceleration-Deceleration tracks were redesigned in regulate to recover the protection of the road and decrease the accidents.

Impact of Immersion and Realism in Driving Simulator Studies

Driving simulators emerged as a promising technology for the analysis of driving conditions and road users' behaviour in an attempt to tackle the problem of road accidents. The work presented herein demonstrates the design and development of a driving simulator that aims to contribute towards evaluating black spots in road networks by promoting rapid design of realistic models and facilitating the specification of test scenarios. A reliable driving simulator should be able to reproduce the driver's behaviour in a realistic way. In this study the authors examine different setups of the simulator to define the one that achieves highest levels of reliability. The chosen setup is then used to evaluate the impact of distractors (e.g. billboards) on driving behaviour of local road users for a chosen black spot in Limassol, Cyprus. Data collected from the experiments are analysed, and the main findings are presented and discussed.

Effects of traffic and road factors on motorcycling safety perception

In Malaysia and other developing Asian countries, the over-representation of the motorcycle population in mixed traffic results in a high number of motorcyclist casualties and fatalities. As a result, by providing a safer environment for motorcycling, the key problem of road accidents would be minimised. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of vehicle speed, traffic volume and lane width on mixed traffic conditions. Each of the 60 motorcyclists who took part in this study watched 12 video clips and saw six photographs of road scenes recorded from a number of sites, and rated their perceived safety related to the three variables. This study found that the perceived safety of motorcycling is associated with these three factors (p < 0·01) and motorcycling safety would decrease under higher vehicle speed, heavier traffic volume and narrower lane width. Segregating motorcycles from mixed traffic is one engineering option to address motorcycling safety.

Criterios de cuantificación indemnizatoria en accidentalidad vial: una propuesta de política judicial

La accidentalidad vial, es la segunda causa de muerte violenta en Colombia, fuente de danos materiales y morales en las personas. Las normas de responsabilidad civil obligan al propietario o conductor a responder civil y penalmente por sus consecuencias. El problema de accidentalidad y de la cuantificacion de indemnizaciones, reviste gran interes por el alto numero de procesos que por homicidios en accidentes de transito cursan en el Distrito Judicial de Cali. En la investigacion realizada en la Escuela de Ingenieria Estadistica de la Universidad del Valle, se efectuo recoleccion de expedientes y se aplico una encuesta de tipo cuestionario para indagar sobre la politica judicial que se uso en el calculo de indemnizaciones en Juzgados Penales del Circuito de Cali, donde se observa gran disparidad en los criterios de reparacion. Tampoco se contempla un modelo estandar para cuantificar los perjuicios tanto materiales como morales y no hay evidencia de una politica baremada; por tanto, el estudio intenta brindar un marco de referencia para proponer a Jueces y Fiscales, un modelo de regresion multiple en el cual se consideran caracteristicas socioeconomicas de victimas, perjudicados y procesados, con el fin de unificar criterios de cuantificacion que fijen el monto de la reparacion economica a los perjudicados, sus herederos. El modelo resultante propone criterios utilizados por las companias de seguros para fijar las primas de seguro de vida, tales como: el tiempo de vida y el nivel de ingresos del occiso, y responsabilidades con su grupo familiar.

Costing national road accidents with partially complete national data: the case of Lesotho

Road accidents have many negative costs that are regarded as socio-economic costs. Many low-income countries have a serious road accident problem. Nevertheless, the estimation of the national explicit costs of road accidents as well as the implicit value of the accidents is rarely highlighted to policy makers. This article focuses on giving an insight into the challenges of estimating the costs of road accidents in low-income countries where vital registration and relevant statistics concerning road accidents are scarce. The problems of data on the vehicle damage repair costs, victims' medical expenses and administration cost are discussed. A feasible method for costing road accidents in such instances is identified, and the severity and costliness of road accidents in a sub-Saharan African (SSA) country is demonstrated. The analysis shows, among other things, that road accidents erode more than 1.85% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP).

SHORTCOMINGS IN ROAD ACCIDENT DATA IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, IDENTIFICATION AND CORRECTION: A CASE STUDY

This paper reports on some aspects of the findings of a recent piece of research into road traffic accidents in Yemen. The aim of the research was to provide a better understanding of road accident problems in Yemen by investigating its real dimensions. This includes the identification of the shortcomings in road accident data and to develop a method that can be adopted to adjust (correct) the official data. Two field surveys were employed to check the shortcomings in the official records. The main findings obtained are presented as follows: •The actual size of the road accident problem in Yemen is much greater than it appears in the official figures. In 1993, the registered accidents accounted for only about 13.3% of the estimated accidents and injuries accounted for only about 30% of the estimated injuries.•The registered fatalities account for only about 48% of the actual number of fatalities using the 30 days definition. The 30 days definition for road accident fatalities is not adopted in Yemen and the relevant agencies are not implementing this definition properly.•Methods for adjusting road accident data were adopted in this study. It is believed that this method can adjust the road accident data with an acceptable degree of satisfaction. The actual size of the road accident problem in Yemen is much greater than it appears in the official figures. In 1993, the registered accidents accounted for only about 13.3% of the estimated accidents and injuries accounted for only about 30% of the estimated injuries. The registered fatalities account for only about 48% of the actual number of fatalities using the 30 days definition. The 30 days definition for road accident fatalities is not adopted in Yemen and the relevant agencies are not implementing this definition properly. Methods for adjusting road accident data were adopted in this study. It is believed that this method can adjust the road accident data with an acceptable degree of satisfaction. It is hoped that the findings of this research will help both researchers in their future work and decision makers in the field of road safety to encourage suitable safety programmes to be adopted which are consistent with the actual size of the problem. Knowledge of the true picture of the road accident problem will be useful for the purpose of negotiating adequate funding for road safety activities. Estimating the actual percentage of unreported data in road accidents and casualties is very useful for any further research in road accidents and safety in Yemen. It will also help in dealing with official data and results from previous studies.

Constructing safety

The human factor is responsible for the majority of aviation accidents, both in the air and on the ground. Established systems to protect safety, such as checking procedures, have an inescapable statistical probability of failure. They also provide the psychological conditions for learning unsafe behaviour. A failure to follow standard operating procedures is the most prevalent characteristic of accidents associated with both aircrew and ground handling accidents. Strategies to improve the safety of human performance on the airport apron include ergonomic design of the interfaces between the operative and the work environment; matching the operative more effectively to the task and providing organisational support for safe operation. Reviewing the application of these strategies to the universal problem of road accidents reveals mixed findings. Highway engineers have paid varying degrees of attention to the ergonomic development of the road environment. From a psychological viewpoint they have tacitly been using methods for modifying driver behaviour. Recognition of this should enable a more systematic development of the approach. Current driver selection and training methods are dramatic failures: those who have most recently passed the driving test kill the most pedestrians and are most likely to be killed themselves. Best practice at the organisational level is conspicuous by its absence. It is suggested that a constructive new direction for road safety interventions would be the development of a sense of ownership of safety and safety programmes at the level of the community.

Road traffic accidents in Nigeria: A review and a reappraisal

Based on data that are at best conservative estimates, Nigeria is a country with a serious and growing road accident problem that is about the worst in the world. As can be seen from the trend over a 15-year period (1971–1985), legislative and other countermeasures thus far have proved ineffective. In 1988, a new approach was adopted with the formation of a national body charged with road traffic accident control—The Federal Road Safety Commission. In this paper, the programme of action of this body is examined to see to what extent it hopes to be able to fulfil its mandate. Suggestions are made on how the motorized industrialised countries can give assistance to developing countries through such bodies as the World Health Organization (WHO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the World Bank.

Traffic safety in Gulf countries with special reference to Kuwait

A review of the problem of road accidents in Gulf countries is presented. A special reference is made to the road safety problem in Kuwait. Using cross‐sectional data from Gulf countries and six other Middle Eastern countries and time‐series data for Kuwait, significant relationships are established between fatality rates and motorization levels. Fatality rates per vehicle were found to be inversely related to vehicle ownership levels. Fatality rates are also related to some social and economical parameters including population per physician, population per hospital bed, school‐age population attending schools, vehicle ownership and gross national product per capita.

Admission to hospital for road trauma in patients with diabetes mellitus.

A total of 8623 patients admitted to hospital in Western Australia with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus during 1971-9 were linked with hospital admissions for road trauma during the same period, and their admission rates compared with the whole population. Although there was no overall difference, there was a significant excess of admissions in diabetic men aged under 55, the excess being produced by those in control of a vehicle and pedestrians. There were smaller excesses in the same female age group and a corresponding deficit in older diabetics. The results are limited through being based on routinely collected data on hospital admissions both for diabetics and victims of road crashes but indicate that there is a real problem of road accidents among diabetics that should be more fully investigated with a population based study that would collect important additional information unavailable in this study.