National Problem Research Articles

Collaborative Pentahelix Model In Overcoming Stunting Anomalous Increase In Stunting Rate In Bengkulu Province

Stunting is a national problem that is still a concern because it relates to the nutritional condition of toddlers as the nation's next generation. The Bengkulu Province Government launched the Pentahelix collaboration involving five elements: academia, business, communities, government, and media, to reduce stunting rates. This study aims to identify, describe, and analyze the collaboration of the pentahelix model in accelerating the reduction of stunting in Bengkulu Regency. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique consists of four analysis components: data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. Based on the research results, the five pentahelix elements contribute according to their respective functions. The implementation of collaboration is Several elements in Pentahelix still have obstacles in terms of implementing collaboration between related stakeholders. So, the advice that can be given for implementing this collaboration is that the TJSL Forum as a business element is expected to immediately contribute to the stunting problem in Bengkulu Province. As part of the pentahelix, the community is expected to play a more active role in becoming cadre members to minimize delays in data collection and management. Social media should be improved for consistency in posting health content about stunting.

The Analysis of Factors that Influence Stunting

Stunting in children is a national problem caused by many factors that harm human resources in the future, including an impact on decreasing intelligence, vulnerability to disease, hampering economic growth, work productivity, exacerbating inequality, and height growth is shorter than age in general. Stunting in children under five is a consequence of several factors that are often associated with poverty, including nutrition, health, sanitation, and the environment There are five main factors that cause stunting, namely poverty, social and cultural, increased exposure to infectious diseases, food insecurity and community access to health service. The purpose of this literature review was to analyze the factors that influence stunting. The article was obtained from a SINTA accredited journal published in the 2013-2023 period with the same title, as well as the same research design. The selected articles were then tested for plagiarism, and nine articles with the smallest plagiarism level were selected. Analysis PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) is carried out on each article, followed by making conclusions. The results of the analysis determined that factors that influence stunting include social and cultural, increased exposure to infectious diseases, food insecurity and community access to health services alone or together. The author hopes that this research will further greatly help how to do health promotion, case finding and prevention, and, many sectors must be involved and work together for the problem of stunting.

Development of a New Non-Destructive Analysis Method in Cultural Heritage with Artificial Intelligence

Cultural assets are all movable and immovable assets that have been the subject of social life in historical periods, have unique scientific and cultural value, and are located above ground, underground or underwater. Today, the fact that most of the analyses conducted to understand the technologies of these assets require sampling and that non-destructive methods that allow analysis without taking samples are costly is a problem for cultural heritage workers. In this study, which was prepared to find solutions to national and international problems, it is aimed to develop a non-destructive, cost-minimizing and easy-to-use analysis method. Since this article aimed to develop methodology, the materials were prepared for preliminary research purposes. Therefore, it was limited to four primary colors. These four primary colors were red and yellow ochre, green earth, Egyptian blue and ultramarine blue. These pigments were used with different binders. The produced paints were photographed in natural and artificial light at different light intensities and brought to a 256 × 256 pixel size, and then trained on support vector machine, convolutional neural network, densely connected convolutional network, residual network 50 and visual geometry group 19 models. It was asked whether the trained VGG19 model could classify the paints used in archaeological and artistic works analyzed with instrumental methods in the literature with their real identities. As a result of the test, the model was able to classify paints in artworks from photographs non-destructively with a 99% success rate, similar to the result of the McNemar test.

PENERAPAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SERIAL VIDEO ANIMASI SUKACANTING DAN PELATIHAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI

One of the national health problems that requires special attention and handling from various parties, namely from the central government, regional governments, and the family level, is stunting. Sukamulya Village is one of the villages in Rancaekek District, Bandung, West Java, located in the Citarum River watershed (DAS), which runs a stunting prevention program with three hamlets in it. Currently, one of the targets of stunting education is teenagers. The problem faced when targeting teenagers as targets for education and agents of change, especially in Sukamulya Village, is that the material on stunting has not been packaged with the approach style of teenagers who enjoy technology-based information. In addition, teenagers consider this unimportant because the education provided is too dull and delivered by people they feel are too old (the same age as their parents). So, a training activity was carried out to make an animated video series based on artificial intelligence (AI) called Sukacanting, a method of stunting education and public speaking training to improve public speaking skills in providing stunting prevention education. With the training and creation of AI-based animated videos, several Posyandu cadre youth have improved their skills in creating, managing, and developing health education videos and public speaking skills.

The Future of Multiracial Democracy: Majoritarianism Without Majorities

ABSTRACT: By the paradox of "majoritarianism without majorities," the author argues that ethnic majoritarianism, in the form of nationalist movements and the institutionalization of majoritarian privilege, has become a defining feature of twenty-first-century democracy even though ethnic majorities do not exist as self-aware political communities. These majorities are merely census labels imposed on a conglomeration of minorities. This essay argues that the key force generating this paradox is the formulation of democracy as a system of majority rule. This formulation provokes cycles of ethnic majoritarianism, and the periodic remaking of the political community by turning insiders into outsiders. The solution to the problem of majoritarian nationalism therefore lies in reconceptualizing democracy as a form of "minority" representation, and protecting the rights of outsiders in order to protect the rights of insiders.

A Critical Examination of the Role of Stakeholders in the Regulation of Competition among Business Enterprises in Cameroon

Competition law is a tool first employed by countries more than a hundred years ago, to address issues relating to restrictions on competition conducted by private firms. Competition law is still predominantly an instrument to resolve national problems while the dominance of market based economies in the last fifty years, particularly following the collapse of the eastern bloc, in combination with improvements in transport, communications and technology have progressively dismantled national borders and internationalized trade. Against this backdrop, the objective of this paper is to examine the role of stakeholders in the regulation of competition among business enterprises in Cameroon. In carrying out this research, the doctrinal method was engaged, drawing from primary and secondary sources of data. It is therefore, recommended inter alia that, business enterprises should strictly observe and adhere to the mechanisms put in place in ensuring fair competition so as to guarantee a much better level of stability and sustainability in doing business in Cameroon.

Topical Issues of International Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Safety

INTRODUCTION. Environmental problems, today, in terms of the degree of harm to the environment and all living things on the Planet, it is not possible to compare with other problems. In January 1997, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly, in resolution 15/157, called on States to take decisive measures in matters of carrying out activities in all directions exclusively in accordance with the norms of international law, to implement international legal principles and take measures to join multilateral agreements in order to ensure the development of international law in general and all its branches. Most developed countries have set a course to ensure comprehensive security, the implementation of which is possible only if they take a clear course to ensure the protection of the population through a set of socio-economic, political and environ[1]mental measures. Ensuring environmental safety is an essential part of the problem of the security of the existence of the state as a whole, the resolution of which at the present stage of society's development is becoming as much a priority as ensuring military and economic security. Environmental safety is a set of conditions, processes and phenomena that ensure an ecological balance in the natural environment, the state of protection of all components of the natural environment, a category aimed at maximizing the protection of all natural objects and natural ecosystems from danger (man–made, biological, radiation, chemical, etc.). Environ[1]mental security is opposed to the uncontrolled economic growth that humanity is facing, as well as the complex problem of contradictions between the growing needs of society and the inability of the bio[1]sphere to provide them. In this regard, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres, speaking at the Conference on the Problems of the Oceans, rightly stressed the inability of human society to improve what it cannot appreciate. Today, there is no need to prove that environmental problems in terms of the degree of destructive impact and catastrophic consequences for all living things and the planet as a whole cannot be compared with problems of a different nature. The rapid increase in population, the development of new fertile territories, economic growth and, in this regard, the increasingly intensive use of Land spaces and resources have led to serious and sometimes irreversible consequences that negatively affect its condition. Humanity is faced with the difficult problem of contradictions between its growing needs and the inability of the biosphere to provide them.MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study uses the works of both Russian and foreign experts in the field of international environmental and international maritime law. The research used general scientific methods of cognition – analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. Special legal methods were also used in the work – formal legal, technical legal, the method of legal analogy, as well as the comparative legal method.THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY. The analysis of the current practice on environmental safety issues allowed us to draw logical conclusions that, taking into account the need to resolve international and national environmental problems, modern society needs to form a new system of environmental relations, where international relations will be transformed towards giving the highest priority to the problem of environ[1]mental safety, including the primary requirements concerning the rational use of all natural objects: land, waters, forests, etc. in order to ensure the optimal possibility of realizing the ecological function of nature.DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS. The preservation of the natural environment is a complex task that requires not only legislative regulation at both the international and domestic levels, but also the formation of a correct public consciousness about its importance for the existence of all life on our Planet, the unity of ecosystems and the value of all components of the natural environment, which, among other things, will allow the world community to unite in ensuring cooperation on global environmental issues, creating a system of universal environmental safety.

Immigration Causes: Threats And Implication for Europe

EU immigration has therefore caused the formation of a complex and controversial social and political process as a result of interrelated factors that are economic, political and social. Immigration in the European environment is discussed in this thesis through the identification of causes, impacts and challenges. For these reason, comers have arrived in Europe through several reasons like conflicts, poverty, and search for other better opportunities that have impacted societies in Europe, especially in the change of demography which can be seen as opportunities by some and challenges by others. Therefore, the goals of the present study are confined to the social, political, and economic consequences of Immigration in Europe. This paper considers the problem, challenges faced to services, social integration problems, and national security problems on the other side, it also considers the positive face of the immigrants in terms of diversification of culture, as being the economic boosters, and the solution of demography issues. As it turns out analyzing once again the discourses of populism and nationalism that came to the fore with the focus on immigration, the thesis measures the trends thrown up by the above discourses and their impact on shaping the desirable and non-discriminatory immigration policies at both European and national levels. In its economic part, it compares the supplanting of skills, the possibility of immigrants as innovators, and the role of an immigrant in pension schemes on the one hand, and immigrants competing for a job and taking the social welfare of society, on the other. To strengthen the criticism of grassroots utilization, the research emphasizes the need for integrating a hitherto juxtaposition of immigration, namely causes and domestic consequences. In this regard, this paper highlights the need to pursue conscious policies on integration and harmonization for purposes of fostering the development of social solidarity and proper management of implied diversity and inclusion.

The North-South problem: on the possibilities of comparing interregional inequalities in Italy and Russia

The article examines the possibilities and scientific prospects of comparative studies of interregional differences and inequalities in Russia and Italy. These countries, located at a considerable distance, belonging to different geographical zones, cultural environments and civilisational areas, differ significantly in their global status. Despite the self-evident nature of these differences, they have long been perceived in both the Russian and Italian research traditions as countries subject to comparison. They act for each other - and to a large extent because of the same differences - as a conceptual resource, an element of the external environment and external surroundings, a source and factor of development. This comparability has its regional dimension. It extends to the field of research on interregional inequalities and contradictions, examining the dialectic of "center - regions" and forming a special comparative direction in terms of research methodology. This study is an excursion into the field of historical, sociological and political regional studies. The author evaluates the achievements and results obtained by domestic and Italian authors, as well as the prospects for scientific developments in this area. Interregional inequalities, inevitable for Italy, which was among the countries that "came second", given their relatively late introduction to the technogenic civilisation, have acquired the meaning and significance of a national problem. Almost from the moment of the emergence of a single Italian state, it has been known as the southern question. The North-South dichotomy in Italy is the embodiment of regional differences, disproportions, and contradictions. It reflected the conflict between the unification of traditionalist social structures and the need to preserve their diversity. This dichotomy remarkably seemed to anticipate the formula of the same name of modern times, which denotes the division and split of the modern global world into rich northern and poor southern countries. In conceptual schemes of variability, that is, on the one hand, unity and similarity, and on the other, differences between Russia and Italy, including in the field of comparative regional studies, contrasting comparisons, which were more or less rightfully attributed a constant character, have long prevailed. This established picture of variability has undergone significant modifications in the process of erosion of political subcultures of both the left and right persuasion, secularisation and rationalisation of public consciousness. The author concludes that the example of Italy shows how archaic social practices can be combined with modern technologies, and this can give rise to very bizarre social collisions.

"This Time It Was Different:" Creating a Multidisciplinary, Trauma-Informed, Victim-Centered Approach to Sexual Assault Cold Case Investigations and Prosecutions.

Police and prosecutors recommend that sexual assault survivors have a medical forensic exam and the collection of a sexual assault kit (SAK; also known as a "rape kit") to preserve biological evidence (e.g., semen, blood, saliva, hair) if they want to pursue criminal prosecution. However, law enforcement personnel do not routinely submit SAKs to crime laboratories for forensic DNA testing. Instead, they often place untested kits in storage and close many of these reported cases after minimal investigation. Current estimates indicate there are 300,000 to 400,000 untested SAKs in law enforcement agencies throughout the United States. In response to this national problem, the U.S. Department of Justice created the Sexual Assault Kit Initiative (SAKI) Project to support kit testing, re-investigation, and prosecution of these "cold case" sexual assaults. The SAKI program also provides training and technical assistance to police, prosecutors, and victim advocates on how to use a multidisciplinary, trauma-informed, and victim-centered approach in cold case prosecutions. This study examined the extent to which one SAKI-funded site implemented these three guiding principles in their interactions with victims while prosecuting cold case sexual assaults. We conducted semistructured qualitative interviews with N = 32 sexual assault survivors from the first cohort of cold cases that were re-opened and prosecuted in this jurisdiction. Nearly all cases (n = 31) ended in a guilty plea or trial conviction, and the vast majority of survivors indicated that they had positive experiences with the SAKI team. Survivors noted that they were listened to, believed, supported, and well-prepared by a multidisciplinary team of practitioners who were personally invested in their cases and in their well-being. Implications for creating multidisciplinary, trauma-informed, and victim-centered approaches with other communities are discussed.

Образ самарского предпринимателя М. Д. Челышова

The process of formation and development of entrepreneurship affected all spheres of economic and socio-cultural sphere of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, which contributed to the formation of a new layer of business community, actively involved in the activities of local government and the first Russian parliament. In the present article an attempt to reconstruct the biography of one of the prominent entrepreneurs of Samara province M. D. Chelyshov, who in addition to economic activity, participating in the work of the city Duma, city head and deputy of the III State Duma was engaged in solving urban, regional and national problems, which allowed to determine the characteristic features of his personality.

Protection of the Conversion of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land from an Islamic Perspective

The problem of changing the function of food agricultural land is a crucial and national problem so it needs special handling and protection. Land conversion will have an impact on environmental degradation, decreased rainwater holding capacity, and groundwater and air quality. The Constitution provides a guarantee of a good living environment. Article 28H paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution "Everyone has the right to live in physical and spiritual prosperity, to have a place to live, and to have a good and healthy living environment and the right to obtain health services." The aim of this research is to analyze the protection of land conversion for sustainable food agriculture from an Islamic perspective. The research method used is sociological juridical. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques through literature study and interviews collected data were analyzed qualitatively. The research results found that efforts to preserve the environment from an Islamic perspective take several steps, including reviving dead land, reforestation, not polluting water, and avoiding damage and maintaining natural balance. Caliph Umar bin Khatab's policy in the agricultural sector was through management of dead land, giving agricultural land to the community to cultivate and prioritizing public interests, development of agricultural infrastructure, kharaj (tax) policy and agricultural zakat. Protection of the conversion of agricultural land in Indonesia has not been able to realize ecological justice and Islamic values due to competition in land use between the agricultural sector and the non-agricultural sector.

Phenomenology Study of Experiences and Reasons of Women Married Early in Kokop District, Bangkalan Madura

Early marriage has become a national problem in the field of reproductive health which we still encounter in the surrounding environment. Difficult economic conditions, lack of knowledge and family education so that children must be married at a young age. The purpose of this study is to explore the phenomenon of early marriage, both the experience and reasons for doing the early marriage.The method used in this study is a qualitative method using a phenomenological approach to explore in depth the experiences and reasons for early marriage. The research location is in Kokop, Bangkalan Regency, East Java. Data collection techniques were carried out by in-depth interviews with six women who had early marriage as main informants and one religious leader, and one health worker as triangulation. The data obtained were analyzed by describing and finding statements then grouped into the main points of the statements found.The results of the analysis of this study resulted in 4 themes discussed, namely the demands of parents, personal factors, culture and past experiences. The cause of this early marriage is due to arranged marriages and forced by parents, in addition to this reason those who do early marriage on consensual basis without knowing well the impact of early marriage. The experience of early marriage that has been experienced has made an important lesson that their children will not be married at an early age on the grounds that they are not ready and mature economically and healthily.The study of these three themes can provide benefits for understanding the experiences and reasons for early marriage, and we can prevent this from happening according to the reasons for each occurrence.

Evaluating the Implementation of Integrated Proactive Supportive Care Pathways in Oncology: Master Protocol for a Cohort Study.

Supportive care (SC) refers to the prevention and management of complications of cancer and its treatment. While it has long been recognized as an important cancer care delivery component, a high proportion of patients face unaddressed SC needs, calling for innovative approaches to deliver SC. The objective of this master protocol is to evaluate the implementation of different integrated proactive SC pathways across the cancer care continuum in our institution (Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France). Pathways studied in this master protocol may occur shortly after diagnosis to prevent treatment-related burden; during treatment to monitor the onset of toxicities and provide timely symptom management; and after treatment to improve rehabilitation, self-management skills, and social reintegration. This study is guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact of SC pathways on patients' distress and unmet needs after 12 weeks, measured by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's Distress Thermometer and Problem List. Secondary objectives will focus on the pathways (macrolevel) and each SC intervention (microlevel), evaluating their reach (administrative data review of the absolute number and proportion of clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients included in the pathways); short-term and long-term efficacy through their impact on quality of life (EQ-5D-5L and the 30-item European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire) and symptom burden (MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, and 22-item European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Sexual Health Questionnaire); adoption by patients and providers (administrative data review of SC referrals and attendance or use of SC strategies); barriers to and leverage for implementation (surveys and focus groups with patients, providers, and the hospital organization); and maintenance (cost-consequence analysis). Pilot evaluations with a minimum of 70 patients per pathway will be performed to generate mean Distress Thermometer scores and SDs informing the calculation of formal sample size needed for efficacy evaluation (cohorts will be enriched accordingly). The study was approved by the ethics committee, and as of February 2024, a total of 12 patients were enrolled. This study will contribute toward innovative models of SC delivery and will inform the implementation of integrated SC pathways of care. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06479057; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06479057. PRR1-10.2196/52841.

Implementation Of Nutrition Program Management On Changes In Stunting Rates In Tambrauw Regency

Stunting is still a global national and regional problem. This study aims to determine the implementation of nutrition management on stunting rates in Tambrauw Regency. This research is qualitative and uses a case study approach. The informants of 25 people were taken by purposive sampling. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and document reviews. The study results found that the implementation of nutrition program management on stunting rates in Tambrauw Regency based on the input elements in terms of quantity and quality, money, and method is still lacking; while the material has been sufficient. Aspects of the management function, and planning have been running, but do not involve the nutrition staff of the health center; Organizing and controlling are not carried out according to operational instructions. The output of the implementation of nutrition programs on stunting rates is still far from the national target.

Contribution of Human Development Index and Environmental Quality to Poverty in Indonesia

Poverty has long been a national problem, which until now still shows no signs of ending. Poverty is one of the fundamental problems that is the center of attention of the government in all provinces of Indonesia. In almost all developing countries, the standard of living of the majority of the Indonesian population tends to be very low. A low standard of living can create a form of poverty. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of GRDP, HDI and Environmental Quality on Poverty in Indonesia. The type of approach in this research is quantitative. The sample in this research is data from 4 variables in Indonesia for the 2018-2022 period. The analysis method used is panel data regression. The object of research is the island of Sumatra which consists of 10 provinces. The results of data testing explain that HDI has an effect and Environmental Quality has no effect on Poverty.

Implementasi Integrasi Nasional Ditinjau dari Nilai-Nilai Kewarganegaraan dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Mahasiswa Prodi PGSD Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya

This research was conducted to find out how much National Integration is implemented in terms of civic values in an effort to realize the welfare of PGSD study program students at PGRI Adi Buana University, Surabaya. The importance of citizenship for PGSD study program students at PGRI Adi Buana University, Surabaya so that they have a strong grip on avoiding and solving national problems. This will support students to have basic competencies, namely becoming scientists who have a sense of nationality and love of the country, are civilized democracies, become citizens who are competitive, disciplined, and actively participate in building a peaceful life based on civic values. students as the nation's next generation of young people to provide national values and a comprehensive understanding of the archipelago, national resilience, rights and obligations as citizens, democracy, the constitution and human rights in facing challenges.

Examining School Nurses' Knowledge and Confidence Related to Their Intention to Screen for and Report Child Sexual Abuse: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a preventable national public health problem that results in adverse health consequences. Research suggests youth experiencing CSA are often of school age. Screening for early detection of health issues is integral to school nurse (SN) practice. Still, there is little evidence that routine screening when CSA is suspected is occurring in schools, despite recommendations that it should be. Lack of confidence and knowledge related to screening and reporting for CSA contribute to a SN's missed opportunity for early intervention. The aim of this study was to describe SNs' knowledge and self-efficacy associated with screening for and reporting suspected CSA in school settings. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. The Child Abuse Report Intention Scale was sent to over 2,000 members of the National Association of School Nurses. Among SN respondents (N = 123), the main findings showed almost half reported being concerned a youth was experiencing CSA but may have missed identifying it. Self-efficacy and professional responsibility were predictors of SNs' intention to screen as well as knowledge about obvious and serious signs of abuse were predictors of SNs' intention to report in this sample. An educational partnership between forensic nurse examiners and SNs can facilitate improving SNs' knowledge about nonspecific physical and behavioral indicators of abuse that are not overtly obvious. The development of a screening tool specific for use by SNs can empower their confidence to screen by providing a resource for them to use as a guide when they are uncertain about the evidence.

Environmental Crisis in Public Administration Policy Perspective

The environmental crisis has developed into an international and national problem impacting every country, including Indonesia. Factors such as sea level rise, global warming, pollution, and unauthorized land use and reclamation influence this. Excessive land use for housing, agriculture, and other needs causes climate change and environmental degradation due to human activities such as deforestation. The agricultural production revolution policy also caused an ecological crisis. Incorporating the principles into public administration policies is expected to balance economic development, social justice, and environmental preservation. This is expected to have a good and sustainable effect on the environment in the long term. Managing human activities, reducing land degradation, and promoting sustainable development are necessary to overcome the environmental crisis.

In pursuit of happiness: motivations for urban to rural migration in Turkey

ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a growing global trend in which people seek to establish a simpler, slower, and more sustainable lifestyle away from the pressures of city life. This research analyses globally shared social, political, and planetary concerns, with a specific focus on the urban to rural migration phenomenon in Turkey. The project is based on participatory field research over a 12-month period with individuals who have made life decisions to quit their middle-class jobs to settle in small towns and villages in the West and South-West coastal parts of Turkey to engage in natural and ecological farming. Motivated by the pursuit of a meaningful life in the midst of the happiness and wellness industry intensified by social media, this study examines the key motivations behind migration to rural Turkey. It argues that although these motivations may seem personal, they are entangled with national, local, and global problems that push individuals to migrate to rural areas.