Numerical modeling of the high-speed flow of a multicomponent dissociated gas around a blunt body was carried out for the flow regime corresponding to the thermally stressed point of the gliding trajectory of entry into the Earth's atmosphere in the surface temperature range of 800–2000 K. As boundary conditions, a stage-by-stage model of heterogeneous catalysis of the interaction of dissociated air with the thermal protection material SiO2 was used, previously developed by the authors on the basis of transition state theory and quantum mechanical calculations. The dependence of the modes of heterogeneous chemical reactions on the surface temperature and the density of surface adsorption centers and their influence on the chemical composition of the shock layer and the convective heat flux to the streamlined surface are analyzed. The contributions of individual mechanisms of heterogeneous recombination to the total rate of formation of molecules on the surface are estimated. The possibility of using the density of adsorption sites as an effective parameter when setting boundary conditions on a real thermal protection surface in flow problems is shown.