Broadcast Routing Problem Research Articles

Minimal Energy Broadcast for Delay-Bounded Applications in Satellite Networks

Broadcast is a fundamental operation in satellite networks. It is frequently used for satellites’ self-organization, routing discovery, coordination, and collaboration. Meanwhile, many satellite network applications require that a broadcast message from a source node must be received by all the other nodes within a given delay bound. In this paper, we study the delay bounded and minimal energy broadcast problem in satellite networks. The broadcast routing problem is challenging in satellite networks due to highly dynamic change and intermittent connectivity of the network. To solve this problem, we propose an algorithm that is based on the model of multi-power level multi-transmission space-time graph. The algorithm repeatedly finds the most energy efficient “caterpillars” in the graph, and merges these caterpillars into an energy efficient broadcast tree. Simulations have been conducted in real satellite constellations and the results show that our proposed scheme can achieve significant energy saving for broadcast in satellite networks, compared with other existing methods.

Throughput improvement for delay-sensitive video broadcast in wireless mesh networks

In this paper, we address the problem of broadcast routing and scheduling of video streaming for delay-sensitive applications in backbone wireless mesh networks. Given a source node and a set of destinations, we aim to build a broadcast tree and compute an optimal schedule such that the throughput for the source to broadcast streaming data to all the destinations is maximized. We divide the whole period for video broadcast into identical time frames and prove that maximizing the throughput can be converted into minimizing the length of a time frame. We propose a three-step method as a solution. Firstly, we build the broadcast tree by defining a new routing metric to select relay nodes. Then we use local search method to adjust the tree structure. Last, we propose a greedy method to schedule concurrent transmissions. Simulations have demonstrated that our method can improve the performance significantly compared with existing methods.

Maximum lifetime broadcast communications in cooperative multihop wireless ad hoc networks: Centralized and distributed approaches

We investigate the problem of broadcast routing in energy constrained stationary wireless ad hoc networks with an aim to maximizing the network lifetime measured as the number of successive broadcast sessions that can be supported. We propose an energy-aware spanning tree construction scheme supporting a broadcast request, considering three different signal transmission schemes in the physical layer: (a) point-to-point, (b) point-to-multipoint, and (c) multipoint-to-point. First we present a centralized algorithm that requires global topology information. Next, we extend this to design an approximate distributed algorithm, assuming the availability of k-hop neighborhood information at each node, with k as a parameter. We prove that the centralized scheme has time complexity polynomial in the number of nodes and the distributed scheme has a message complexity that is linear in the number of nodes. Results of numerical experiments demonstrate significant improvement in network lifetime following our centralized scheme compared to existing prominent non-cooperative broadcasting schemes proposed to solve the same lifetime maximization problem in wireless ad hoc networks. Due to lack of global topology information, the distributed solution does not produce as much advantage as the centralized solution. However, we demonstrate that with increasing value of k, the performance of the distributed scheme also improves significantly.

New results on the time complexity and approximation ratio of the Broadcast Incremental Power algorithm

The Broadcast Incremental Power (BIP) algorithm is the most frequently cited method for the minimum energy broadcast routing problem. A recent survey concluded that BIP has O ( | V | 3 ) time complexity, and that its approximation ratio is at least 4.33. We strengthen these results to O ( | V | 2 ) and 4.598, respectively.

3-Dimensional minimum energy broadcasting problem

The minimum energy broadcast routing problem was extensively studied during the last years. Given a sample space where wireless devices are distributed, the aim is to perform the broadcast communication pattern from a given source while minimising the total energy consumption. While many papers deal with the 2-dimensional case where the sample space is given by a plain area, few results are known about the more interesting and practical 3-dimensional case. In this paper we study this case and we present a tighter analysis of the minimum spanning tree heuristic in order to considerably decrease its approximation factor from the known 26 to roughly 18.8. This decreases the gap with the known lower bound of 12 given by the so-called 3-dimensional kissing number.

On the construction of maximum residual energy resource broadcast trees with minimum diameter in staticad hoc wireless networks

Each node in a wireless ad hoc network runs on a local energy source that has a limited energy life span. Thus, energy conservation is a critical issue in such networks. In addition, it is in general desirable to construct routes with low hop counts as a route with a high hop count is more likely to be unstable (because the probability that intermediate nodes will move away is higher). In this paper, we address these two issues concurrently with energy conservation as the primary objective and low hop count as the secondary objective. One way of addressing the energy conservation issue is to construct routes that maximize the minimum residual battery capacity available among all nodes in each route. A broadcast tree with all routes satisfying this condition is referred to as a maximum residual energy resource broadcast tree. A maximum residual energy resource broadcast tree with the least diameter is referred to as a minimum diameter maximum residual energy resource broadcast tree and the problem of constructing such a tree is referred to as the minimum diameter maximum residual energy resource broadcast routing problem (MDMRERBRP). We propose an algorithm for MDMRERBRP and prove that MDMRERBRP is optimally solvable in polynomial time using the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

On the construction of energy-efficient maximum residual battery capacity broadcast trees in static ad hoc wireless networks

This work considers the problem of broadcast routing in a wireless ad hoc network from the viewpoint of energy efficiency. Each node in a wireless ad hoc network runs on a local energy source which has a limited energy life span. Thus, energy conservation is a critical issue in such networks. In this paper, we address the problem of finding a broadcast tree for a given network that maximizes the minimum residual battery capacity available among all nodes in the network. We call this problem the Maximum Residual Battery Capacity Broadcast Routing Problem (RBBP). We propose a new algorithm for RBBP and prove that RBBP is optimally solvable in polynomial time using the proposed algorithm. In addition, we show that the problem of finding a maximum residual battery capacity broadcast tree with minimum total energy consumption is NP-complete and we propose a new heuristic algorithm for this problem.

Energy efficient broadcast routing in mobile ad hoc networks

AbstractIn this paper, we address the problem of broadcast routing in mobile ad hoc networks from the viewpoint of energy efficiency. In an ad hoc wireless network, each node runs on a local energy source which has a limited energy lifespan. Thus, energy conservation is a critical issue in ad hoc networks. One approach for energy conservation is to establish routes which require lowest total energy consumption. This optimization problem is referred as the minimum‐energy broadcast routing problem (MEBRP). In this paper, we propose new efficient algorithms for the construction of energy‐efficient trees for broadcast in mobile ad hoc networks. These algorithms exploit the broadcast nature of the wireless channel, and address the need for energy‐efficient operations. Empirical studies show that our algorithms are able to achieve better performance than algorithms that have been developed for MEBRP. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Minimum-energy broadcasting in static ad hoc wireless networks

Energy conservation is a critical issue in ad hoc wireless networks for node and network life, as the nodes are powered by batteries only. One major approach for energy conservation is to route a communication session along the route which requires the lowest total energy consumption. This optimization problem is referred to as Minimum-Energy Routing. While the minimum-energy unicast routing problem can be solved in polynomial time by shortest-path algorithms, it remains open whether the minimum-energy broadcast routing problem can be solved in polynomial time, despite the NP-hardness of its general graph version. Recently three greedy heuristics were proposed in [11]: MST (minimum spanning tree), SPT (shortest-path tree), and BIP (broadcasting incremental power). They have been evaluated through simulations in [11], but little is known about their analytical performances. The main contribution of this paper is a quantitative characterization of their performances in terms of approximation ratios. By exploring geometric structures of Euclidean MSTs, we have been able to prove that the approximation ratio of MST is between 6 and 12, and the approximation ratio of BIP is between 13/3 and 12. On the other hand, we show that the approximation ratio of SPT is at least n/2, where n is the number of receiving nodes. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first analytical results for the minimum-energy broadcasting problem.