Proactive Interaction Research Articles

Treasury monitoring as a method of state financial control

The article identifies the elements of the control system, on the basis of which the organizational and functional structure of control monitoring as a method of internal state financial control is disclosed. The definition of the budgetary procedure is given and, based on the powers of the internal state financial control body, the budgetary procedures within which control monitoring is carried out are specified. The subject of control monitoring has been defined, which is to ensure that the object of control complies with the rules of accounting, preparation and provision of accounting (financial) statements, fulfillment of the terms of contracts (agreements) for the provision of budgetary funds, provision of reports on the implementation of state programs and government assignments, etc. The implementation of the powers to conduct control monitoring is carried out through operational and proactive interaction between the objects of control and the Federal Treasury through automated (information) systems, which allows you to receive real-time data on the use of financial resources and form a motivational opinion on the need to adjust the financial and economic activities of the object of control.

Design and investment strategy optimization of district cooling system during the ramp-up phase

District Cooling (DC) systems, known for their efficiency and integration of renewable energy sources, encounter substantial design and investment complexities during the initial ramp-up phase. This critical phase is characterized by increasing cooling demand, necessitating a scientific approach to equipment selection and sizing that spans multiple temporal scales. A key yet frequently underestimated element in DC systems is the inclusion of backup chiller. While traditionally reserved to emergency use, its proactive interactions with regular system operations can significantly diminish operational expenses, despite the inherent complexities. Our study presents an innovative mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization framework. This framework is designed to manage and optimize the intricate DC system design and investment strategy during the ramp-up phase, with a particular focus on the strategic inclusion of backup chillers. To demonstrate this framework, our research undertakes a comprehensive analysis of a real-world DC project in Kuala Lumpur. The findings show that the MILP optimization delivers substantial reductions in Life Cycle Costs (LCC) up to 3.33% across various system configurations. This is of significant value for energy efficiency and sustainable urban energy systems.

잠재프로파일 분석(LPA)을 활용한 유치원 교사의 교사-유아 상호작용 유형 및 예측요인

Objectives The purposes of this study are to explore latent profiles of kindergarten teachers with teacher-children interaction (T-CI) and to analyse the relationship between teachers' personal factors and T-CI profiles. Methods The survey for data collection was conducted from January 10 to January 31, 2024, targeting 409 teachers working at kindergartens in the metropolitan area. We composed T-CI of kindergarten teacher into emotional, verbal, and behavioral interaction, and analyzed latent profiles according to their T-CI level. The types of T-CI profiles derived from the latent profile analysis were identified, and a multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyze the effect of kindergarten teachers' personal factors on the T-CI profiles. Results The results revealed that we classified four T-CI profiles: the ‘passive interaction type’, which had very low levels of emotional, verbal, and behavioral interaction related to T-CI, was 5.62% of all kindergarten teachers, the ‘non-verbal interaction type’, which had relatively low emotional, verbal, and behavioral interaction levels, was 43.03% of all, the ‘affective interaction-centered type’, which had average level of each competence, was 26.41% of all, the ‘proactive interaction type’, which had relatively high level of each competence, was 24.94% of all. As a result of analyzing the effect of the teacher's personal factors on the T-CI profile, it was found that the teacher's age, education, and experience had a significant effect on the T-CI profile. Conclusions Based on the results, this study suggests that there are various groups according to the level of T-CI within the kindergarten teacher group, rather than considering the kindergarten teacher as the ‘cohort group’ in relation to T-CI. We also suggest that customized approach considering the profile characteristics related to T-CI is required.

A LIGAÇÃO ENTRE A CAPACIDADE DE INTERAÇÃO PROATIVA COM O DESEMPENHO DA EQUIPE DE TRABALHO EM HOTÉIS CINCO ESTRELAS

Objective: This research aims to use proactive interaction capability as a mediating variable for the influence of knowledge sharing on work team performance. Method: This research method was developed in a causal research design in which research hypotheses will be tested, with the aim of identifying causal relationships between variables. The population in this study were all department managers in the 5 Star hotel industry in West Java with a sample of 22 hotels. These departments include Front Office, Food and Beverage service, Food and Beverage products, Housekeeping, Accounting, HRD, Engineering, Marketing and Security. Apart from that, the hotel owner is a member of the Indonesian Hotel and Restaurant Association (PHRI) and the hotel has been operating for more than 10 (ten) years. The data source used in this research is primary data with data collected using a list of statements submitted directly to respondents. The data analysis method used in this research uses variance-based or component-based SEM structural equation modeling techniques which include several steps including preparing flow diagrams, model fit research, and structural model assessment. Results and Discussion: The results of this research show several findings, including (1) the work team efficacy variable is not able to mediate proactive interaction capability and work team performance, (2) the proactive interaction capability variable is able to mediate knowledge sharing on work team performance. Originality/Value: Proactive interaction capability in this research is a new initiative in explaining the process of how knowledge sharing can improve work team performance.

Comprehensive literature review on stakeholder prospects, responsibilities, and quality performance measurement in sustainable supply chain governance

The sustainable Governance of supply chains has become essential for businesses trying to balance economic success and ecological and ethical imperatives in an era of increased environmental awareness and social responsibility. Many stakeholders are pressuring companies to integrate sustainability into their supply chains as environmental degradation and social inequality worsen. Therefore, it is essential to include non-traditional supply chain stakeholders, such as competitors and non-governmental organizations, in supply chain operations to produce an SSCG. This comprehensive literature review synthesizes and examines the current body of information on stakeholder prospects, responsibilities, and measuring quality performance in sustainable supply chain governance. Therefore, this study's primary objective is to clearly show how SSC practices are related to stakeholder roles and responsibilities. A thorough literature examination was conducted, and 40 peer-reviewed journal publications from 2019 to 2023 were included. In this work, expectations, as stated in scholarly literature, are methodically categorized, and any gaps are reviewed critically. A reasonable explanation for stakeholders' discontent with the sustainability performance measurement and evaluation methods used nowadays is that, as the literature review demonstrates, stakeholder expectations have yet to be considered. The findings indicate that many external and internal supply chain stakeholders drive, enable, or check the application of sustainable supply chain Governance techniques.While governments and non-governmental organizations are essential drivers of sustainable supply chain Governance techniques, research can also help with their implementation. Furthermore, proactive interaction with external supply chain stakeholders improves organizational learning by boosting understanding and awareness of sustainability and developing knowledge.

Optimizing Customer Relationships: A Case Study of CRM Practices at Puma Outlet in Ahmedabad city of Gujarat

Effective client Relationship Management (CRM) techniques are essential in the current competitive retail environment to maintain client loyalty and stimulate corporate expansion. This study aims to investigate and assess customer relationship management (CRM) techniques used in Puma shops. It seeks to provide insights into the impact of these tactics on customer relationships and the overall success of the organisation. The study uses a qualitative methodology, conducting in-depth interviews with branch managers in various geographical areas and market conditions. The findings indicate that common customer relationship management (CRM) tactics include the use of technology to handle data, personalised marketing efforts, and the implementation of loyalty programmes. The positives that have been identified include the efficient utilisation of customer data and the proactive interaction with customers. On the other hand, the limitations are related to the integration of CRM practices across all points of contact and the maintenance of data quality.This study makes theoretical contributions by connecting CRM theories with actual implementations, emphasising the changing role of technology and human interaction in enhancing CRM effectiveness. This study enhances the current CRM literature by offering in-depth understanding of a particular retail environment, opening up opportunities for further investigation into upcoming technologies and CRM tactics across other retail sectors.Ultimately, the results emphasise the crucial significance of CRM methods in cultivating client connections and promoting retail achievements in the digital age. Retail managers may use these observations to continually enhance their CRM strategies, while researchers are urged to explore more into the ever-changing environment of CRM to further enhance retail efficiency and consumer involvement.

Effect of Proactive Interaction on Trust in Autonomous Vehicles

With rapid advancements in autonomous vehicles (AVs), mistrust between humans and autonomous driving systems has become a focal concern for users. Meanwhile, proactive interaction (PI), as a means to enhance the efficiency and satisfaction of human–machine collaboration, is increasingly being applied in the field of intelligent driving. Our study investigated the influence of varying degrees of PI on driver trust in Level 4 (L4) AVs set against a virtual reality (VR)-simulated driving backdrop. An experiment with 55 participants revealed that, within an autonomous driving scenario without interference, elevated PI levels fostered increased trust in AVs among drivers. Within task scenarios, low PI resulted in enhanced trust compared to PI characterized by information provision. Compared to females, males demonstrated reduced trust in medium PIs. Drivers with elevated extroversion levels exhibited the highest trust in advanced PIs; however, the difference between excessively and moderately extroverted participants was not significant. Our findings provide guidance for interaction designs to increase trust, thereby enhancing the acceptance and sustainability of AVs.

Spatiotemporal Receding Horizon Control with Proactive Interaction Towards Autonomous Driving in Dense Traffic

Spatiotemporal Receding Horizon Control with Proactive Interaction Towards Autonomous Driving in Dense Traffic

Using women’s memories of food in intercultural households to locate female agency and evolving cultural identities in Leicester, England, 1960–1995

ABSTRACT Using the oral life-histories of women who were in long-term heterosexual intercultural romantic relationships, the article examines the food preparation and consumption practices of their intercultural households in 1960s–1990s Leicester, England. The women’s narratives expand our historical understanding of how migration to Britain since 1945 has affected domestic foodways. The women’s memories illustrate their proactive interaction with, or resistance to, the cultural traditions and practices of their male partners. They show the extent to which cultural exchange permeated life together, including through the couples’ social gatherings with families and friends. The article argues the women’s execution of their food management responsibilities variably reshaped and adapted their sense of self and the cultural identities of those they were responsible for feeding—a nuanced perspective on the origins, and success or otherwise, of Britain’s multicultural society.

How May I Interrupt? Linguistic-Driven Design Guidelines for Proactive in-Car Voice Assistants

Voice assistants (VAs) are predicted to develop from merely reactive to increasingly proactive agents in the future. While proactivity allows a leap towards more intelligent conversations with VAs, designing proactive agents is not straightforward, as benefit and acceptance of proactive behavior is dependent on a plethora of factors. For instance, proactive agents run the risk of disrupting users who are already engaged in ongoing primary tasks. While a large body of research is therefore concerned with when to proactively interrupt users, how to interrupt them has received less attention. To close this gap, a driving simulator study was conducted to find linguistic best practices for designing proactive prompts in German. Low linguistic complexity as well as suggestive rather than imposing language were found to influence study participants’ preferences for proactive prompts. These findings underline that the existing framework for designing proactive interactions needs to be enhanced by nuanced linguistic considerations.

Understanding the positive and negative outcomes of developmental challenges on the social psychology of female executives in top management teams

AbstractDrawing on social identity theory, this conceptual article proposes how working in a male‐dominated top management team (TMT) leads to changes in the social psychology of female executives over time. Further, it simultaneously incorporates the role of various factors to develop a comprehensive understanding of positive as well as negative change experiences of female executives. Based on thorough review and integration of the relevant literature from the domains of organizational behaviour, gender management, and psychology, key themes have been extracted and a conceptual model has been proposed. It is suggested that female executives are likely to face epistemological shock after becoming a part of male‐dominated TMTs; however, proactive interactions and development of their cultural toolkit is expected to polish leadership capabilities and improve leader identity in them. Conversely, challenges in developing their cultural toolkit may lead to experiences of emotional exhaustion and the eventual psychological detachment of female executives from their teams and work environment. Unlike the focus of existing literature on general social and cultural challenges faced by female workers, this research offers a unique theoretical direction regarding the essence of extensive psychological changes and their long‐term prospects for females in male‐dominated TMTs. Finally, it also offers practical implications for highlighting various ways to encourage proactivity and social support for creating diversity and inclusion‐based leadership in organizations.

Antioxidant Capacity and NF-kB-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Six Red Uruguayan Grape Pomaces.

Grape pomaces have a wide and diverse antioxidant phenolics composition. Six Uruguayan red grape pomaces were evaluated in their phenolics composition, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Not only radical scavenging methods as DPPH· and ABTS·+ were employed but also ORAC and FRAP analyses were applied to assess the antioxidant potency of the extracts. The antioxidant reactivity of all extracts against hydroxyl radicals was assessed with ESR. The phenol profile of the most bioactive extract was analyzed by HPLC-MS, and a set of 57 structures were determined. To investigate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts, Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-κB) modulation was evaluated in the human colon cancer reporter cell line (HT-29-NF-κB-hrGFP). Our results suggest that Tannat grapes pomaces have higher phenolic content and antioxidant capacity compared to Cabernet Franc. These extracts inhibited TNF-alpha mediated NF-κB activation and IL-8 production when added to reporter cells. A molecular docking study was carried out to rationalize the experimental results allowing us to propose the proactive interaction between the NF-κB, the grape extracts phenols, and their putative anti-inflammatory bioactivity. The present findings show that red grape pomace constitutes a sustainable source of phenolic compounds, which may be valuable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industry applications.

European Conditional Marketing Authorization in a Rapidly Evolving Treatment Landscape: A Comprehensive Study of Anticancer Medicinal Products in 2006-2020.

Since 2006, the European conditional marketing authorization (CMA) aims to facilitate timely patient access to medicinal products for which there is an unmet medical need by accepting less comprehensive data than normally required. The granting of CMA requires a positive benefit-risk balance, unmet medical needs to be fulfilled, likely submission of comprehensive data postauthorization, and the benefit of immediate availability to outweigh the risks of data noncomprehensiveness. Since its first use, more than half of all CMAs represent (hemato-)oncology indications. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the conditions in which CMA has been applied for anticancer medicinal products and whether they have changed over time. We retrospectively assessed the European public assessment reports of the 30 anticancer medicinal products granted CMA in 2006-2020 (51% of all 59 CMAs). Comparison of 2006-2013 to 2014-2020 highlighted increased proportions of proactively requested CMAs (+40%), medicinal products that addressed unmet medical needs by providing a major therapeutic advantage over authorized treatments (+38%), and orphan designated indications (+32%). In contrast, it showed decreased proportions of medicinal products for which a scientific advisory group was consulted (-55%) and phase III randomized controlled trial data were available (-38%). This suggests that applicants and the European Medicines Agency have learned how to use the CMA as a regulatory tool, among others, through better planning and proactive interaction. However, the increasing number of granted CMAs complicates the establishment of unmet medical need and the benefit-risk balance, especially in crowded indications and when only phase II uncontrolled trials are available.

Neurotechnologies to restore hand functions

Reaching and manipulating objects are crucial tasks that allow proactive interaction with our surroundings. However, these functions are lost after neurological disorders or traumatic events that cause hand paralysis. Neuroprosthetic technologies are medical devices that can substitute or restore a damaged motor or sensory modality. In this Review, we discuss how advanced technological modules can be used to restore hand functions in subjects with paralysis. First, we illustrate how the subject’s intended hand functions can be extracted by deciphering their cortical activity or residual body movements. Next, we describe how invasive and non-invasive electrical stimulation of neural or muscular structures can activate different hand muscles to restore functional movements. We then provide examples of ‘brain-to-body’ interfaces that can decode the hand motor intent from brain signals and activate muscles accordingly, allowing voluntary control of movements while bypassing the neurological issue. Finally, we discuss the future steps required for the clinical translation of these technologies. Neurological disorders or traumatic events that cause hand paralysis considerably limit our ability to proactively interact with our surroundings. This Review discusses neuroprosthetic solutions to restore voluntary hand movements by bypassing the neural lesion.

Results of Indoor Radon Measurements in Campania Schools Carried Out by Students of an Italian Outreach Project

Outreach projects are often used to a limited extent for dissemination purposes and rarely have a significant impact on the student’s teaching and technical skills. The RadioLab project requires a proactive interaction between researchers and students by experimental activities for measuring environmental radioactivity, in particular radon gas. Buildings considered to be of radiological interest, such as schools, have been selected to carry out radon gas activity concentration measurements using solid-state nuclear track passive detectors LR-115. The results of annual measurements, made over 6 years and involving a total of 952 rooms, distributed in 67 schools throughout the Campania region, were collected. These data, deemed scientifically reliable (i) can be overlapped over geological characterization data enhancing the relationship between lithology and radon, (ii) confirmed data from the radon potential map of the Campania region about the distribution of indoor radon, and finally (iii) contributed to the collection of radon indoor data of the Campania region. The results obtained highlighted the need and effectiveness of increasing the network of schools involved in the outreach activity and in the implementation of experimental activities with applicative effects in the scientific and research sectors.

SOCIAL MEDIA AS A CATALYST FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM BUSINESS: A STUDY OF TOURISM INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN

The accelerating trend of social media usage has allowed users to gain knowledge about the tourism experiences of other people through reactive and proactive interactions. The primary aim of this study is to identify whether social media is playing a constructive role in increasing the development and productivity of the tourism business. The research also evaluates the effects and advantages of earned media marketing tools over social media advertisements shared by tourism companies in the process of deciding about tourism packages. This research consists of a quantitative approach. A random sampling method has been adopted by researchers todisseminate closed-ended questionnaires and a total of 206 responses were collected. After applying the reliability test through SPSS, data were examined through ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD testing. Results determined that people are more eager towards seeing and gaining public opinion than the promotions and advertisements shared on social media by tourism companies. They especially consider the experiences and viewpoints of their close relations like relatives, friends, and colleagues as well as Vloggers and social media influencers while deciding to visit a tourist spot. Because of the findings, it can be recommended that tourism companies shouldfocus more on earned media marketing tools than traditional advertising techniques while designing their marketing strategies.

A Proactive Interaction Design Method for Personalized User Context Prediction in Smart-Product Service System

Smart product-service system (Smart PSS), as an emerging digital servitization paradigm, has attracted strong interest from both industry and academia worldwide. Compared with traditional PSS, Smart PSS has three unique characteristics, namely context awareness, closed-loop design, and IT-driven value co-creation, which put forward higher requirements for its solution design. Specifically, it aims for proactive interaction with users, which emphasizes context-aware prediction in the targeted service scenarios other than passive responses to the users. Meanwhile, smart connected products can be empowered to become agents to recommend personalized services accordingly. Nevertheless, few studies have considered a proactive interaction design approach in the Smart PSS context. Aiming to fill the gap, this study presents a systematic method that mainly includes three parts: context awareness, interaction decision-making graph, and interaction solution recommendation. By utilizing the proposed method, Smart PSS can actively interact with users and further provide optimal solutions according to personalized context data. At last, an illustrative case study of a smart reading solution is demonstrated to show its feasibility and effectiveness.

Proactive interaction Management in domestic service robots to enhance human-robot conversational interaction

Robotics technology has long been renowned for its ability to handle com- plex, repetitive, and sometimes risky tasks that are impossible for humans. In industries, robots are preferred for precise operations in various manu- facturing stages of a product. On the other hand, domestic service robot is the other side of robotic technology that brings the smart robotic system into our homes. Service robots are specially designed to interact and assist humans where they provide a range of services, including caregiving, com- panionship, and entertainment. In addition, service robots can elevate living standards by assisting with essential daily activities, especially for people with disabilities. Nowadays, the incorporation of generative pretrained models in robotic sys- tems to provide a fluid conversation between humans and robots is a highly researched topic. Though pretrained generative language models can be incorporated into conversational systems, they often fail to offer healthy conversations with users. Most pretrained models are trained on billions of data points from blogs, posts, and forums, where language quality is not a concern. However, language quality and clarity matter greatly when de-signing robotic systems to interact with humans, especially the elderly and children

The slow movements: Informetric mapping of the scholarship and implications for tourism and hospitality

Slow food and the consequent slow movements are becoming more evident in research and media with the recognition of its implications for sustainability in many spheres of society. This study—the first systematic literature review of this topic—offers a comprehensive interdisciplinary investigation into slow movements which allows us to gain a systems view of the scholarship; stakeholder-oriented insights; and a holistic understanding of slowness while recognizing the various movements within and providing future research directions for tourism and hospitality researchers. This study identifies that slowness has extended to most aspects of our everyday life, such as the slow city, slow management, slow fashion, slow philosophy in general, and slow tourism; the latter offering COVID-19 post-pandemic recovery opportunities through sustainable tourism and hospitality. This study acts as a springboard for a better understanding of the slow(ness) movements to encourage more proactive interactions with key stakeholders and to develop the field further.

LONG-TERM STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN PRIVATE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TUTORING

What motivates a teenage girl to begin and continue having private language tutoring? This qualitative study presents a detailed examination of the motivations and experience of a German female teen in language tutoring. After three years of private tutoring, data were gathered by the tutor-researcher through scenarios, an interview, and a collage. Analysis of the transcribed responses revealed that having well-defined goals and clear thoughts about the connection between the school subject and its value (e.g., intrinsic and utility) help the tutee achieve her goals, (re)establish them, and make more conscious and strategic decisions. Specifically, the tutee’s mastery goals, school culture, and proactive interaction were conducive to improving the flow of tutoring (agentic engagement) and facilitating long-term engagement. Results also show that student engagement may be prolonged when these conditions are consistently encouraged by the tutor. This study builds on Achievement Goal Theory and the concepts of behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agentic engagement.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0959/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>