Prison Congress Research Articles

Faddey Gregorovich as the Pioneer of Penitentiary Law Doctrine at the Kazan University: His Fate and Legacy

This article traces the life of Faddey Vladislavovich Gregorovich, a prominent professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure at the Imperial Kazan University who has almost faded from the memory of most scholars today. The documents from the State Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Kalvaryja Cemetery in Minsk are analyzed. New documents that give a picture of F.V. Gregorovich’s family circle, which influenced his choice of profession, and solve the dispute on the exact date of his death are introduced and discussed for the first time. These new documents not only fill in some gaps in F.V. Gregorovich’s biography but also reveal how the scholar developed a strong passion for the theory of criminal law throughout his life. The myth about a conflict between F.V. Gregorovich and A.A. Piontkovsky is proven to be groundless. The cause of F.V. Gregorovich’s early retirement is identified: he was diagnosed with a nervous disease, and it led to his negative image in historiography. Since F.V. Gregorovich took part in the V International Prison Congress of 1895, it means that the academic community of the period under study recognized the establishment of prison studies as a special branch of jurisprudence at the Kazan University.

Criticism of Texts of Legislative Acts of the Russian Empire in the Political and Legal Work of N. M. Yadrintsev

The publication concerns the problem of analysis of some legislative acts of imperial Russia in the political and legal ideology of the regionalists. An attempt has been made to show the diversity of references in the language of the regional doctrine to legislation and legal terms. It is shown that representatives of the Siberian regionalism movement were very selective in their analysis of the texts of legal acts of the Russian Empire, which was due to their interests for specific problems.
 The authors found that while theoretically analyzing various government decrees on the proportionality of punishment and reduction of exile, such as Decrees of 1811 and 1821, as well as the Charter of 1822 on exiles, the Siberian thinker assessed the system of punishments as unsatisfactory. The attitude to this type of criminal punishment among legal scholars of the second half of the XIX century was ambiguous.
 It is emphasized that the application of progressive views of legal scholars is very often observed in the political and legal ideology of regionalism. For example, N. M. Yadrintsev referred to the provisions of the International Prison Congress of Stockholm.
 The authors comes to the conclusion that the textual analysis of the legislation by the regionalists in regard to the penitentiary policy of the state, including the problem of exile and maintenance of convicts, together with references to the doctrine of law, made it possible to comprehensively approach the solution of certain political and legal problems.

Training of prison staff in the materials of the Penitentiary Commission of the St. Petersburg Law Society (for the ivth International Prison Congress of 1890)

The article discusses the historical and pedagogical aspects of the activities of the penitentiary Commission of the St. Petersburg Law Society, aimed at ensuring the staffing of prison staff during the period under review, and designed in the form of preparatory work for the ivth International Prison Congress, held in the Russian capital in 1890.The methodological basis of the study was made up of a set of conceptual provisions of pedagogical and historical sciences, as well as general scientific methods of cognition - objectivity, scientific and historicism, a systematic approach, logical analysis and synthesis based on the variability of the historical and pedagogical process. This approach is based on the mutual integration of the subject fields of the three sciences – pedagogy, history and jurisprudence. Scientific novelty is considered by us based on the priority of introducing into scientific circulation previously unexplored factual material of the primary source. The presented work is one of the first attempts to reveal the historical and pedagogical heritage of the St. Petersburg Law Society (its penitentiary Commission) in preparation for the ivth International Prison Congress held in St. Petersburg in 1890, to determine the role of this commission in the theoretical justification of the need to train prison staff in Russia.The appeal to the activities of the penitentiary commission of the St. Petersburg Law Society, which were not previously studied by teachers–researchers in 1890, allows us to actualize the issues of the past, to see from new sides the activities of famous Russian scientists (for example, the chairman of the penitentiary commission - I. Ya. Foynitsky), to help understand the most important initial stage in the theoretical justification of the need for training prison staff in Russia.

Initiatives of the St. Petersburg International Prison Congress of 1890 in the assessments of the Russian periodical press

Initiatives of the St. Petersburg International Prison Congress of 1890 in the assessments of the Russian periodical press

Міжнародний тюремний конгрес 1895 р.: основні ідеї та рішення

Міжнародний тюремний конгрес 1895 р.: основні ідеї та рішення

ІІІ міжнародний тюремний конгрес 1885 р

ІІІ міжнародний тюремний конгрес 1885 р

The international congress as scientific and diplomatic technology: global intellectual exchange in the International Prison Congress, 1860–90

AbstractIn the 1870s, the American prison reformer E. C. Wines attempted to bring together representatives from every country and colony in the world to discuss the administration and reform of the prison, under the auspices of the International Prison Congress. This article tackles the challenge by exploring how the international congress operated as both a social scientific technology and a diplomatic forum that emerged from this short-lived world of amateur social science and diplomacy. It argues that the exigencies of the international congress as a social scientific space forced it to take on diplomatic and political functions that both imprinted a logic of comparability onto the burgeoning international diplomatic system and also caused the eventual exclusion of non-European polities from the congresses. It engages with recent scholarship in history of science specifically to understand the international congress as a technology that mediated intellectual exchange and scientific communication. By examining the challenges posed by the inclusion of non-Western polities in such communication, it attempts to reveal the multiple global histories of the social sciences in the late nineteenth century.

Resolutions of Special Note Adopted at The American Prison Congress, 1940

Resolutions of Special Note Adopted at The American Prison Congress, 1940

Resolutions Adopted By the American Prison Congress of 1935

Resolutions Adopted By the American Prison Congress of 1935

Recommendations and Proposals of the Sub-Committee On Social Work To the Committee On Case Work and Treatment of the American Prison Congress

Recommendations and Proposals of the Sub-Committee On Social Work To the Committee On Case Work and Treatment of the American Prison Congress

The American Prison Congress

The American Prison Congress

THE INTERNATIONAL PRISON CONGRESS, AUGUST, 1925

The Howard Journal of Criminal JusticeVolume 2, Issue 1 p. 7-12 THE INTERNATIONAL PRISON CONGRESS, AUGUST, 1925 First published: July 1926 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.1926.tb00091.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume2, Issue1July 1926Pages 7-12 RelatedInformation

Delegates To the International Prison Congress

Delegates To the International Prison Congress

The Ninth International Prison Congress.

The Ninth International Prison Congress.

Delegates To the International Prison Congress

Delegates To the International Prison Congress

The Field of the Church in Social Work and Public Welfare

THE orientation of the churches with the modern social movement is a matter of great perplexity. In the first place, the social movement itself, especially in its community aspects, is comparatively recent, and is developing and differentiating with amazing rapidity. New and highly specialized professions are arising within the field of social work. At the recent meeting of the American Prison Congress, for example, the psychiatrist, the psychologist, the psychiatric nurse, the teacher psychologist specializing in the reformation of abnormal children, the scientific dietitian conducting research into the relation of diet to delinquency and subnormal mental states, were most in evidence in the discussions. Psychiatry is a new and wonderful branch of medicine, and the professional training of the psychologist who works in the psychopathic clinic is as rigid as that of the physician. A like insistent professional ideal is forcing its way into institutions for the care of neglected and dependent children, into the work of the friendly visitor and into recreation and community organization. In short, every social field where the church is at work, or is likely to be at work in the future, is specializing. These conditions force a constant readjustment of work and institutional relationships on the part of the churches as well as of community welfare agencies, and they bring the church face to face with the problem of developing specialized workers.

Operation of the New Parole Law in Illinois

Few persons in Illinois have any understanding or knowledge of the vast changes which have come about since the first of July last year in the administration of the new parole law. Without attracting any considerable amount of public attention changes have been brought about in the parole system which practically revolutionize it. The results already are so apparent that we who are entrusted with the parole work in Illinois feel that the new plans are now safely set upon a solid foundation. Illinois has been a pioneer in many penal enactments. Our state was one of the first to adopt the parole system. It was also one of the irst to adopt probation laws. It was actually the first state to enact Juvenile Court laws, and last but not least in importance, a new Civil Administrative Code, which brings into being a Department of Public Welfare, embracing all that the name implies. It will be the aim of the present administration to keep Illinois in the foreground in all such matters. Illinois passed its first indeterminate sentence act and parole law in 1895. That act was amended in 1899 by giving the paroling power to the State Board of Pardons instead of to the Penitentiary Commissioners and the Wardens. The Penitentiary Commissioners and the Wardens constituted the paroling power for the four years between 1895 and 1899. The Act of 1899 remained practically without change until the legislative session of 1915. In that session a small step was made toward a parole for what is known as definite sentence crimes. The short step made in 1915 was broadened in the 1917 session when the legislature revised the whole parole act. The present act became effective July 1, 1917. At the Prison Congress last winter at New Orleans I heard the present parole law of Illinois described by persons who have devoted their lives to prison work as one of the very best laws in effect at this time in any of the states. The present parole act was not a compromise. It was carefully prepared in the Attorney General's office.

Jails, Lockups and Police Stations

If it was expected of the Special Committees on Jails, Lockups and Police Stations, appointed at the last session of the American Prison Congress to report the present actual conditions in such institutions throughout the country, it would but repeat what has been reported to this and similar organizations, many times before, with slight variations, of which conditions most of you are well aware. Intelligent inspection has in many cities or communities been made and recommendations followed, which, when carried out, resulted in improving conditions in some respects; possibly in reconstruction, or even new construction, where old, dilapidated or antiquated buildings had previously been utilized as places of detention for those charged with having violated the law. These improvements, in most instances, have been made along approved lines, and are more or less permanent in their character, but are not radical enough to even approach ideal conditions that should prevail in houses of detention, which are intended only to house those who are suspected of being misdemeanants or felons.

Report of the Committee on Criminal Statistics of the American Prison Association

At the International Prison Congress held at Washington last year tlhe foreign delegates, while they seemed favorably impressed by most of our institutions, were outspoken in condemnation of our county jails and our criminal statistics. They could not repress their amazement at the dearth of official statistics regarding crime in the United States. Possibly it may be doubted whether any of the novelties they observed here produced on their minds so lasting and injurious an impression of this country, regarded from the point of view of scientific penology, as that caused by the meagerness and practical inutility of our criminal statistics. It must be freely admitted that the English and some of the continental statistics of crime are far in advance of our own in comprehensiveness, in method, and in scientific value. But the inadequacy of the criminal statistics of the United States is largely owing to a condition which does not exist in England or hardly on the Continent. We are confronted with difficulties that are practically unknown on the other side of the Atlantic; difficulties inherent in the dual system of government existing in this country. In the division of sovereignty between the Federal Government and the States, the treatment of crime falls within the jurisdiction of the States. Congress, it is true, acting within the limits closely defined in the Constitution, has the power to declare certain acts which are injurious to the nation to be crimes. Thus there is a Federal Criminal Code, violations of which are within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Federal Courts. But these crimes are only those that bear relation to the central government; they are comparatively few in number. The vast volume of crime in this country comes under the exclusive jurisdiction of the separate States. The establishment of police and constabulary forces, the detection and arrest of offenders, the trial and sentencing of criminals, the administration of prisons, all are included within the functions of the States. The rules and regulations governing the police, the courts, the prisons, all the details of their administration and of their records are thus matters of State jurisdiction. And in

Pictographs; Prison Congress; Eleventh Census; Scientific Congress in Paris; Michigan Pine Plains; Agricultural Experiments in Connecticut

Pictographs; Prison Congress; Eleventh Census; Scientific Congress in Paris; Michigan Pine Plains; Agricultural Experiments in Connecticut