Priority Directions Of State Policy Research Articles

Priority Directions of State Policy to Ensure the Quality of Education

Priority Directions of State Policy to Ensure the Quality of Education

FOOD SECURITY AREAS

Food security is one of the most pressing issues of the present because of a number of local and global problems. The war in Ukraine, world hunger, climate change and the deterioration of food quality are all factors that negatively affect the current state of global and local food security. It is therefore important to develop effective ways of ensuring food security. The purpose of this research was to identify the main contemporary directions for ensuring food security. The research was conducted on the basis of modern scientific research, journalistic materials, legislative and regulatory acts dedicated to food security issues. The main research methods included analysis, synthesis and generalisation of the obtained information. Initially, the research analysed the characteristics of such directions of ensuring food security as national plans, strategies and projects. It was found out that Ukraine does not have a proper legal regulation of food security, there are no projects and programmes developed by the state; the food security strategy has been created, but it also needs to be improved. The peculiarities of the state policy of Japan and the United States in the field of food security are analysed. The characteristics of such a policy, such as the creation of an effective stock management system, which is defined as one of the components of the state food security index, are examined. On the basis of the analysis of theoretical sources the main directions of creation of the stock management system are determined. The current problems of the stock management system in Ukraine will be examined. To clarify the characteristics of modern international cooperation in the field of food security. The role of FAO in ensuring food security is defined. The peculiarities of international cooperation in the EU in this area are outlined and the features of international cooperation in the context of Ukraine are determined. It is established that programmes, strategies and projects define the priority directions of state policy, and their practical implementation is the most important stage. In this connection, it is emphasised that all states should direct their policies towards solving all existing problems related to food security, which in turn will contribute to ensuring food security at the national and global levels. The results obtained point to the need to refine existing approaches to ensuring food security.

Prospects for legislative support in the field of guardianship and care of adults in Ukraine

In the article, the author noted a wide range of normative legal acts, which contain norms and provisions regulating legal relations in the field of guardianship and care of adult incapacitated persons and persons whose legal capacity is limited. At the same time, it has been criticized due to the presence of gaps, inconsistencies and contradictions, which in turn significantly negatively affects the practice of implementing the relevant legislation and, as a result, the quality of life of the specified categories of persons and the level of security of their rights, legitimate interests and needs. The lack of statistical data on the direction of research is noted, which significantly complicates the analysis of the situation in the direction under study. In addition, in the opinion of the author, the priority directions of state policy regarding the improvement of legislative regulation of the sphere of guardianship and care of adults are highlighted, which include the need for: in-depth study of the problems of incapacitated persons and persons whose legal capacity is limited; research of the best international experience in this field and consideration of the possibility of its implementation in national practice; creation of the necessary legal framework; ensuring the formation of public awareness regarding the positive perception of the specified categories of the population. The importance of the draft Law of Ukraine «Basics of the legislation of Ukraine on the guardianship and care of adult incapacitated persons and persons whose legal capacity is limited, their social protection» developed and submitted to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine at the time was noted, and the Government's decision to withdraw this draft law, which was destructive for the field under study, was noted. Finally, a list of issues in the field of guardianship and care of adults that need urgent solutions is given, in particular, regarding the formation of a conceptual apparatus; determination of the principles of guardianship and care over such persons and subjects of administration in this area; determination of legal statuses of guardianship and guardianship bodies, incapacitated persons and persons whose legal capacity is limited, guardians and custodians; regulation of the procedure for keeping records of adult persons who are under guardianship and care, as well as the issue of ensuring their property rights, etc.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МІСЦЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО АУДИТУ В УПРАВЛІННІ ФЕРМЕРСЬКИХ ГОСПОДАРСТВ

At the article is justified the importance of the development of farming in the countryside to ensure the efficiency of commodity production, which confirms the feasibility of creating farms. The main problems that slow down their development are identified, as well as a number of practical recommendations for improving the current organizational and economic support of farms are given. The main aspects of the implementation of the financial and environmental audit are analyzed and developed. The legislative requirements for financial and environmental audits are considered, distinctive and common features are revealed. The results of the analysis are confirmed the importance of separating the financial and environmental audit as a separate type of audit, which will be jointly conducted by financial and environmental auditors. The basic principles of auditing of environmental activities are defined. The corresponding stages are proposed, indicating the main key aspects of the financial and environmental audit. The issues of environmental protection and audit procedures are explored in a separate projection. The scheme of relationships between the main production processes, environmental risks, environmental protection measures and audit procedures is highlighted to increase the effectiveness of the financial and environmental audit. The priority of risks for each stage of production during the analysis of the effectiveness of the implemented environmental protection measures is determined. A detailed description of current international standards of financial and environmental audit and their comparative analysis is given. Conclusions regarding the prospects of implementing international environmental protection measures into the domestic regulatory system and their impact on the management system and financial results of specific farms are formed. The experience of foreign countries, which shows that a change in the orientation of socio-economic development will contribute to the introduction of new and improvement of existing mechanisms of state control in the field of environmental protection are considered. Most popular of them is a financial-environmental audit in farms. It is emphasized that one of the achievements of Ukraine's environmental policy is the introduction of environmental audit. This tool is one of the priority directions of state policy in the field of environmental protection, resource use and ensuring environmental safety.

Diplomatic relations of Ukraine with the EU in the sphere of security and in relation to candidacy

The aspiration of Ukraine to integrate into the European Union and the acquisition of membership in the EU is one of the priority directions of state policy, forasmuch as ensuring the country’s full participation in the European and regional security system will create for Ukraine a reliable basis for its sustainable development and protection of national interests. The purpose of the research lies in substantiating the theoretical fundamentals and determining the practical recommendations regarding the diplomatic relations of Ukraine with the European Union in the field of security and in accordance with the candidacy. The general scientific and special research methods have been used in the academic paper, in particular, as follows: analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction; analogies, comparison; statistical, graphic; generalization, systematization. The results of the research prove that Ukraine is capable of being an important partner of the European Union in the field of security, which confirms its ability to protect the eastern borders from the aggression of Russia, the problem of which has become extremely acute on the European continent. Diplomatic relations of Ukraine with the European Union in the field of security and in accordance with the application are focused on the problems of military resistance to armed aggression and the annexation of Ukrainian territories, as well as on the search for effective ways of resolving the conflict. It has been proven that the European Union provides significant support to Ukraine in the field of strengthening its defence capabilities and ensuring its functioning (the amount of planned financial assistance amounts to 10 885 million US dollars). The necessity of forming a joint security and defence policy with the European Union on the basis of partnership and mutual guarantee of compliance with the principles of ensuring and maintaining security and peace has been revealed.

Dignified working conditions for scientists – on e of the priority directions of state policy in the field of science

Problem setting. The transition to an innovative model of economic development of the country is impossible without creating conditions for safe, high-quality, efficient work with decent pay in various sectors of the economy, which contributes to the realization of human potential. The development of the latter is decisive for the further fate of the economic, political, social, spiritual spheres of life in Ukraine and the creation of conditions for its transition to an innovative model of the state system. The implementation of the Concept of Decent Work at all levels is a complex mechanism for solving the accumulated problems in the social and labor sphere of the country. Today, this is especially true of the scientific field related to intellectual activity. Target of research. Research of problematic issues of legal regulation of relations in the scientific sphere on decent working conditions for scientists and identification of ways to solve them. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issue of decent work in Ukraine is to some extent covered in the scientific works of such scientists as LP Amelicheva, AV Vasylyk, L. Yu. Velychko, OO Gerasimenko, OD Gostyuk, O V. Zhadan, VV Zhernakov, Yu. Ivchuk, AM Kolot, TA Kolyada, SG Rudakova and others. At the same time, to date, there are no relevant comprehensive studies in the available scientific literature to ensure decent work of such subjects of labor law as scientists, as well as the legal mechanism for appropriate provision. Article’s main body. According to the Concept of the State Target Program for the Development of Research Infrastructures in Ukraine for the period up to 2026, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of April 14, 2021 № 322-r. One of the problems that needs to be solved is the unsatisfactory condition of the material and technical base of research infrastructures, the lack of decent working conditions for scientists and comfortable premises for their work. The scientific potential of human resources in Ukraine is high enough for research. At the same time, with the low level of material and technical base of scientific institutions and higher education institutions, the number of researchers in Ukraine has almost halved in recent years. The most active, creative scientists continue to leave the scientific sphere. Although scientific personnel and knowledge are fundamental factors in the sustainable development of scientific and technical potential of the state. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It is noted that the existence of the problems considered in the article is due not only to insufficient funding for science, although, of course, the economic factor is one of the main, but also imperfect legislation, lack of research infrastructure, lack of career opportunities, weak interaction with business, lack of government policies aimed at supporting the promotion of science and a number of other factors, which leads to the fact that scientists are forced to either go abroad to work or leave science altogether. The expediency of developing a strategy and program to overcome the problems of decent work in the scientific field is indicated. In particular, it is proposed to develop and approve the Concept of implementation of criteria of decent work in the scientific sphere, which will promote the formation of an ideological “human-centric prism”, through which all processes to improve what is happening today. Its main tasks should be: to determine the most important principles and strategic directions of the legal mechanism for ensuring decent work of Ukrainian scientists; improving the legislation in terms of creating and ensuring the functioning of the legal mechanism to ensure decent work of scientists in Ukraine; prevention of negative socioeconomic consequences related to the functioning of the legal mechanism for ensuring decent work of Ukrainian scientists.

Из опыта преподавания русского языка в Сианьском нефтяном университете

Based on the analysis of publications it has been revealed that one of the priority directions of state policy in the leading countries of the world is internationalization of education as a set of purposeful measures of integration of educational content in order to form cross-cultural competences. The process of internationalization of education in China is characterized by an increase in research and educational programs, expansion of faculty mobility, improvement of the legal framework for international mobility. The implementation of the international Chinese initiative “One Belt, One Road” has put forward new requirements for the training of highly qualified specialists in the Russian language. Chairs of the Russian language in Chinese universities are constantly reforming and updating training models to meet the requirements of the new situation. In this article we analyze the practice of the joint Chinese-Russian educational program for the training of Russian-speaking bachelors. The measures to improve the model of joint training of Russian-speaking specialists in Xi’an Oil University are named: a wide implementation of digital technologies, pre-training curriculum, international teaching teams, administration and support of the educational process, adaptation of professional competencies in Russian language for technical, engineering and military professions; creation of a translation methodology of academic grades; support for students to address academic and social issues during foreign.

Reporting of peasant (farm) farms

Intensive development of small businesses in rural areas is one of the priority directions of state policy in the field of sustainable development of the agrarian economy and rural areas. At the same time, the level of professional legal awareness and entrepreneurial thinking among farmers largely determines the effectiveness of small agricultural formations. This level depends on many factors, including the availability of knowledge of taxation issues, the ability to competently maintain accounting records, observing the requirement of rationality, the ability to navigate the regulations governing this organizational form of doing business. The article discusses the procedure for the formation and features of the presentation of reporting forms of activity of peasant (farmer) farms taking into account various factors of activity, since it is this area that underlies the construction of the entire system of accounting and analytical work.

Features of intellectual property analysis in Ukraine and abroad

Issues on the implementation of intellectual property analysis in Ukraine, as well as a forensic expert participation in court hearing abroad were considered.
 Intellectual property objects belong to a variety of types of art, science, technology and crafts, effective consideration of cases related to protection of intellectual property rights, for a complete and comprehensive study of the subject of examination and providing an expert's concusion becomes possible only in case of attracting specialists, who have special knowledge in a particular field.
 The article purpose is to define features of intellectual property analysis in Ukraine and formal requirements for a forensic expert in Ukraine and foreign states.
 One of the priority directions of state policy is the protection of intellectual property rights, as the development of this area stimulates innovation in all fields by increasing the country's economy to a new level, and providing it a rightful place at the international level. Also, an increase of scientific potential not only promotes Ukraine's modernization in various fields of science and technology but also increases its defense capability and national security.
 Today there is a negative state of compliance with the legislation regulating intellectual property issues, the number of violations of relevant rights is increasing. The reason for such a state is the imperfection of the mechanism of legal protection and protection of intellectual property rights in the field of scientific activity, failure to resolve the issue regarding legal protection of scientific advances, etc. In January 2020, the European Commission made a publication of a report on protection and ensuring intellectual property rights in third countries, according to which (despite all preventive measures) our country was already on the list of countries, where there are serious systematic problems in the field of defense and protection of intellectual rights, causing significant damage to the economic interests of the EU.
 Forensic science plays a priority role in introducing advanced achievements of science and technology and promotes the reliability of the proof system in the case. In some cases, the appointment and conduct of a forensic examination are not only necessary but also the only possible means of establishing the truth and solving a litigation.

Women In Medicine - Gender Aspects

Respect for women is a noble quality inherent in our people. A worthy encouragement of the role and work of women in the upbringing of a healthy and harmoniously developed generation, the creation of the best conditions for them are among the priority directions of state policy. Widely used in the world community, the concept of "gender equality" implies the equal participation of men and women in all spheres of state and public life, in particular, in governance, decision-making and the security sector. A solid legal basis for equality between women and men has been created in our country. Their equality is enshrined in the Constitution. Labor law also provides for gender equality. As a result of the large-scale reforms being implemented in the country, the place of women in the socio-economic sphere is increasingly being strengthened.

PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF EXCELLENCE IN THE SPORT OF HIGHER ACHIEVEMENTS AS A COMPONENT OF THE SUCCESS OF THE ATHLETE

The article raises one of the urgent problems in modern sports of the highest achievements - the problem of psychological support for the superiority of athletes. Considered as one of the priority directions of state policy. Modern sport is distinguished by a significant intensity of training loads, a reduction in time limits in the preparation of athletes, a great personal responsibility, both a coach and an athlete for the result in competitions of various levels. All of these factors affect the mental state of the athlete. In this connection, disturbances in the stability of the neuropsychic state, psycho-emotional lability and tension, and low resistance to stress may appear. It is obvious that there is a need for psychological support of athletes at all stages of sports activity in order to form stress resistance, an active life position, a competitive and healthy personality. Excellence in sports is considered as the achievement of high sports results, the peak of skill in sports activities, as well as the achievement of the athlete's superiority in setting and implementing the goal, the sports activity itself and to ensure the quality of the sports process as an end result. In our opinion, psychological support in elite sports is a system for managing the processes of an athlete's personality development, mental states, processes of social behavior, adaptation of an athlete to the end of a sports professional career, as well as a study of the psychological patterns of mental improvement in the process of sports formation. Psychological support of athletes at different stages of the development of a sports career is an important component of the activity of a sports psychologist and includes the following areas: primary psychological diagnostics; psychodiagnostic control; psychological correction; psychological counseling of athletes, their parents (if necessary), coaches.

Training of pedagogical and research-pedagogical staff: international aspects

The article revises the issue of studying foreign experience in improving the professional development of teaching staff. Remarks are made on the need to modernise the system of advanced training of pedagogical and research-pedagogical staff. Updating the system of advanced training, the creation of new structures is one of the priority directions of state policy in any country; it is aimed at ensuring the professional growth of a specialist. The achievement of a new quality of education is associated with the reorientation of education for preparing people for life, for solving the issues related to guaranteed employment, for the requirements of a fleeting society and technological changes. Education is viewed as a lifelong process that needs not only to be corrected, but also changed and transformed. The main features of advanced training have been analysed; the peculiarities of advanced training intended for research-pedagogical staff in such foreign countries as the USA, Great Britain and Germany have been investigated. The author emphasises that postgraduate pedagogical education in these countries is distinguished by a structural diversity, a variety of content, forms and methods of education, which is grounded by the specific features of the countries’ historical development, national traditions and priorities of educational needs of research-pedagogical staff (RPS). At the same time, external factors significantly influence the systems that have formed in modern Ukraine: the processes of globalisation of society, the internationalisation of education, the activities of international organisations that accumulate progressive pedagogical ideas and put forward urgent requirements for its improvement. As the author notes, in Ukraine, the work to improve the system of advanced training of domestic RPS, as well as in other countries, is carried out in all directions, using modern forms and methods. However, the author singles out two problems: 1) unsatisfactory technical support; 2) some resistance to innovation due to the human factor. The author sees the further development of the subject in expanding the range of studied countries, studying the content of advanced training courses and in analysing advanced training programs intended for research-pedagogical staff.

Choosing an optimal approach to solving the problem of improving the implementation of priority directions of state policy on public administration in the field of intellectual property

Choosing an optimal approach to solving the problem of improving the implementation of priority directions of state policy on public administration in the field of intellectual property

К вопросу об использовании форм непосредственной демократии в целях обеспечения участия общественности в бюджетном процессе муниципального образования

The article notes that the requirement of openness (transparency) of budget relations is one of the priority directions of state policy and the criterion of the international rating. Russia has the lowest rating on the index of public participation in the budget process. In this regard, the budget relations at the municipal level are in a better position, since public hearings are required for drafts of the local budget and the report on its implementation. The authors evaluate this form of direct democracy in order to ensure public participation in the budget process, conclude that it is minimally sufficient, and suggest that public hearings should work to bring the «budget for citizens» to the public. The article also discusses other forms of direct democracy. It is concluded that there is a legislative ban on the use of forms of mandatory democracy in the budget process, as well as on the legality and expediency of such regulation. It is recommended to use a survey of citizens as a form of consultative democracy. It is proposed to consider the possibility of using public discussions and holding public hearings in the format of a video conference in budget relations.

Стан і шляхи забезпечення зайнятості сільського населення в Україні

The purpose of the article is to analyse the status, highlight the basic factors of influence and determine the main ways to provide employment of the rural population in Ukraine. Research methods. In order to assess the status and trends in the employment of the rural population, economic and statistical methods (comparative analysis, average and relative values, trend analysis, graphical method, index analysis, etc.) were used in analytical studies. To determine the factors influencing the rural population employment, a system analysis was used. With the assistance of the abstract-logical method and the method of generalization, the ways of realization of the state policy for the support and development of the agrarian sphere in order to provide the rural population employment were outlined. Research results. It has been established that the dynamics of the level of the rural population employment in Ukraine has a cyclical nature – at the stage of economic growth, it rises, followed by a period of decline (at the stage of economic downturn). It has been substantiated that the characteristic features of rural employment are: a reduction in the rural population, including the economically active, deformation of its age structure, misbalancing of the conjuncture of the rural labour market, lack of developed social infrastructure, reduction of the sphere of agricultural works, changes in the structure of agricultural production, low wages, etc. The factors of influence on the rural population employment in Ukraine are systematized by groups: individual, socio-demographic, economic, political and institutional. The main ways to provide employment of the rural population in Ukraine are identified. Scientific novelty. The scientific and methodological approaches to the study of the rural population employment in terms of determining the influence factors and organizational and economic basis for providing of the rural population employment in Ukraine were further developed. Namely, the priority directions of state policy have been identified, which are aimed at providing employment of the rural population through the adoption of legal, institutional, sectoral, economic, investment and innovation, business and other measures. Practical significance. The main thesis and conclusions set out in the article have been brought to the level of practical recommendations, the implementation of which will improve the process of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of the rural population employment in Ukraine, will optimize approaches to the development of programs to provide of the rural population employment.

ФІЗИЧНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ МОЛОДІ ЯК НЕОБХІДНИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ БУТИ ЗДОРОВИМ

The article is devoted to consideration of physical education as an important component of being healthy, there is considered the importance in the process of studying the subject “Physical education” how to teach teenagers and students in particular, to determine values of life; to develop the need for healthy living; to build a culture of health of a person, to raise a conscious and careful attitude to their own health and responsible attitude to their actions. An attempt was made to prove one of the priority directions of state policy concerning the development of education is “propaganda of healthy lifestyle”, and this can be done through physical education. It is established that in the view of researchers is the role of physical education in the formation and development of socially active person. The article revealed the dominance of the opinions of scientists about the goals and objectives of physical education. Collectively, the complex of recreational activities, forms and ways, and the terms of the health of young people. A healthy lifestyle should be in accordance with the basic principles of pedagogical education and to be an integral component of physical culture of the student. Discloses the concepts “physical education” “physical culture”, “healthy lifestyle”, defined the goal and objectives of physical education in modern pedagogical literature. The authors set the priority factors in the way of changes to achieve any goal in life of the students; proven efficacy of systematic occupations physical culture and sport among young people certain values of life; needs in a healthy way of life; health culture of the personality, responsible attitude to their actions and their own health, conscious and careful attitude to their own health as the main condition for the implementation of physical and creative potential of personality.

Results analysis of the regional research competition for secondary school students using information and communications technology

The article deals with specific issues relating to the implementation of one of the priority directions of state policy of Russia is to work with gifted young people. The highly structured system of activities helped identify and develop gifted young people in science, engineering and technology and innovation development of the Samara region and allowed to define tasks and directions of the contests of students research projects in the competition "Vzlet".The article analyzes the results of the regional research competition held for the past 3 years in the Samara region for gifted secondary school students. The key quantitative indicators which may lead to further qualitative analysis were presented, specifically, the total number of participants, the number of submitted projects in different research areas, project advisors, participating educational organizations, and winning projects. In addition, the rates of those who started the competition and those who successfully completed it were analyzed. The articles offers conclusions and discusses future directions for the competition.

Contribution of the Federal Libraries of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation to the Continuing Professional Education of Library Staff

Economic and socio-cultural changes occurring in the life of Russian society make high demands to the professional competence of employees. The problem of improving, supporting and developing the system of additional vocational education (retraining and advanced training of library staff) is among the priority directions of State policy in librarianship in Russia. In the conditions of libraries modernization, the changes affecting the types of library activity are inevitable. In this regard, of particular importance are not only the development of new forms of customer service, acquisition, organization and preservation of library collections, the technology of maintaining library catalogue system and card files on traditional and machine-readable media, but also work aimed at skill improvement of specialists and strategy development of personnel potential. The activity of the Federal Libraries of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation in promotion and development of additional professional education of library personnel through qualification upgrading courses and other forms of continuing education is considered.

Introduction of cloud computing technologies into the educational process of higher maritime educational institutions

According to the Law of Ukraine "About the bases of development of information society in Ukraine for 2007-2015" one of the priority directions of state policy is the development of information society in Ukraine and implementation of the newest information and communication technologies in all spheres of social life.The use of the newest information and communication technologies, mobile services and World Wide Web in the educational process of the higher school was a necessary condition for the training of a competent specialist and his successful realization as a navigator in the conditions of informatization of society. At a time when purchase and maintenance of modern powerful equipment and software requires significant financial expenses for higher education institution, cloud computing becomes a worthy alternative.