Printing Devices Research Articles

Computer Mechanics. Basic Study on Loss Torque of Rotating Polygon Mirror. 1st Report. Numerical Analysis for Three-Dimensional Unsteady Flow.

A rotating polygon mirror is commonly used in contemporary printing devices. The understanding of the flow field around the rotating mirror is essential for analysis and design, since reduction of the hydrodynamic load torque directly leads to an improvement in the performance. In this paper, a numerical analysis has been conducted for the flow in the space between a fixed outer cylinder and a rotating octagonal inner cylinder. Discretized transport equations are solved for two-dimensional and three-dimensional time-dependent constant property flows using a second-order accurate finite volume scheme within the context of SIMPLER-based iterative methodology. Two-dimensional calculations show a shear-driven recirculating flow in cavity regions, while three-dimensional calculations reveal a distinct turbulent flow structure. The hydrodynamic loss torque is mainly due to an asymmetric pressure distribution on the polygon surface especially at high rotating speed. This result is qualitatively confirmed by a simple model experiment.

Simulation of Multibody Systems by a Parallel Extrapolation Method*

In the simulation of multibody systems, the equations of motion are generated by so-called multibody formalisms as a system of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). A recently developed extrapolation method for integrating the equations of motion is investigated. Extrapolation methods for ordinary differential equations are briefly reviewed, before proceeding to the DAE method. The inherent parallelism of the extrapolation scheme is used for an implementation on a transputer network. Implementation aspects such as the distribution of work during integration, and differences in stepsize control of serial and parallel algorithms are discussed. The efficiency of the parallel algorithm is demonstrated for a multibody system that is part of a mechanical printing device.

Analysis of Adaptation Problems of Scanning and Printing Devices for Color Reproduction

Analysis of Adaptation Problems of Scanning and Printing Devices for Color Reproduction

Data transfer from a DEC PDP‐11 based mass spectrometry data station to an MS‐DOS personal computer

AbstractThis paper describes a simple procedure for obtaining better quality graphic output for mass spectrometry data from data systems equipped with poor quality printing devices. The procedure uses KERMIT, a low cost public domain software, to transfer ASCII tables to a MS‐DOS personal computer where they can be elaborated and customized using one of the powerful graphic tools available. The final result can be sent to a high quality laser printer or pen plotter or incorporated in a document generated with a word processor.

An edge-restricted spatial interpolation algorithm

This study addresses how to generate high spatial resolution image data from a low spatial resolution imaging source. An edge-restricted spatial interpolation algorithm is developed to increase the image resolution and at the same time to enhance the sharp edges and details from the original imaging source. The algorithm is based on a cubic spline-under-tension interpolation kernel. The weights of the interpolation kernel can be adjusted adaptively according to the edge information in the neighborhood of the interpolated pixels. The algorithm can be applied to a relatively low spatial resolution image source, such as video, to generate highresolution image data for high-quality printing devices.

Briefer mention

75 printer's devices and the owner's name 'Anna Willems'. Only a few similar (not identical!) bindings are known; moreover the binding contained an edition of Het Nieuwe Testament (Dordrecht, P. Verhaghen, 1579), not present in any Dutch public library. It was therefore not surprising that the result was more than ten times the estimage: f 8,200 [750]. Of the 19th century I noted R. Ainslie, A selection of the most interesting collections of view of Turkey ( 1811 ), bound with a similar work on Egypt & Asia minor ( 1812), sold for f 5,500 [4,000]. Two copies of S.

The user—the missing link in IT research and development

This article is about the direction and management of research and development in information technology. Information technology (IT) is defined as any aspect of science and technology which concerns the storage, manipulation, communication and use of information. IT concerns the development and use of semiconductor circuits, microprocessor computers, software, display and printing devices and so on. As such IT permeates every aspect of our lives: at home in our domestic appliances and home control systems, at leisure in our cars and electronic games, at work in our office systems, management systems and design systems. A user of IT is anyone who uses any aspect of IT for any purpose. A user may himself be an IT professional, a member of the lay public, or a business person with a difficult problem to solve.

Petrographic Image Logging System

The Petrographic Image Logging System (PILS) is a logging system data base for Macintosh computers that allows the merging of traditional wire-line, core, and mud log data with petrographic images. The system is flexible; it allows the user to record, manipulate, and display almost any type of character, graphic, and image information. Character and graphic data are linked and entry in either mode automatically generates the alternate mode. Character/graphic data may include such items as ROP, wire-line log data, interpreted lithologies, ditch cutting lith-percentages, porosity grade and type, grain size, core/DST information, and sample descriptions. Image data may include petrographic and SEM images of cuttings, core, and thin sections. All data are tied to depth. Data are entered quickly and easily in an interactive manner with a mouse, keyboard, and digitizing tablet or may be imported and immediately autoplotted from a variety of environments via modem, network, or removable disk. Color log displays, including petrographic images, are easily available on CRT or as hardcopy. The system consists of a petrographic microscope, video camera, Macintosh computer, video framegrabber and digitizing tablet. Hardcopy is scaleable and can be generated by a variety of color printing devices. The software is written in Supertalk,more » a color superset of the standard Apple Hypercard programming language, hypertalk. This system is being tested by Mobil in the lab and at the well site. Implementation has provided near 'real-time' core and cuttings images from drilling wells to the geologist back at the office.« less

Consideration on automatic defect detection algorithm for stamped patterns in electronic parts

AbstractCentral Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., Kokubunji, Japan 185One of the most important problems in the quality inspection of printed characters, monitoring of printing devices, and evaluation of character recognition devices, is the automatic quality evaluation of the printed character for the character patterns stamped on the object surface or on a paper sheet. This paper considers the characters stamped on the surface of an electronic part such as transistor and integrated circuit, and reports on the result of comparison of defect detection methods for the automatic outlook inspection. First, properties of the stamped pattern, which is the object of inspection, are described, indicating the problems in detecting the defects such as lack, smudge and blur. Then three realizations of the defect detection are proposed: (1) a weighted matching is made with the reference pattern; (2) the reference pattern is divided spatially, and the matching is tried for the divided patterns; and (3) essential points are extracted from the core and background portions of the character, and a local pattern matching is tried. Finally, those defect detection methods are implemented on a computer, and an experiment was made for the actual stamped patterns on the transistor. The results for those methods are compared, and their effectiveness and the range of applications are indicated.

Steadfast I hasten: the Louvain printer Henrick van Ha(e)stens

The article on the printer Henrick van Hastens falls into two parts. The first presents new biographical details concerning his arrival at Louvain in 1622, based on archival records. In it the fact that it was Erycius Puteanus who acted as his advocate before the Louvain magistrate is given special importance. For the first year of his stay at Louvain Van Hastens lodged at the castle of Puteanus and printed almost exclusively on behalf of his host. As soon as he came to Louvain, the printer changed his name from Henrick Lodewijckx van Haestens or Henricus Ludovici ab Haestens to Henrick van Hastens or Henricus Hastenius. He was active until 1629. After his death his widow carried on the business until 1639. His typographical material was used further or copied by various other printers. The second part presents a survey of printer's devices which he used at Louvain. The most important among them are to be seen in the series of devices featuring the winged tortoise and the motto Cunctando propero on which Puteanus wrote a laudatory poem expressing the neo-stoic philosophy of the time.

A Method for Ensuring Anonymity for AIDS Antibody Screening Away From Blood Banks at Alternate Sites

To the Editor.— Places other than blood banks must be provided for persons in high-risk groups for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome to have free screening tests for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus antibodies. These places, referred to as "alternate sites," may be Board of Health Clinics where blood samples can be collected and counseling provided. Anonymity is absolutely essential to ensure the successful operation of such alternate sites for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antibody screening. Only then can the use of alternate sites be expected to safeguard the blood supply. We have, since May 18, 1985, utilized the following scheme. The Hoxworth Blood Center has a bar code label printing device. Alternate sites are supplied with a series of four attached identical bar code labels. When a person requests testing for the presence of antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus, one label is used for the specimen

Magneto-optical devices based on garnet films

Major developments achieved in the last decade in the field of magneto-optical devices based on garnet films are reviewed. The essential magnetic and optical properties of garnet films are outlined briefly, but in sufficient detail to understand the rest of paper, and integrated optics devices, laser memories, display and printing devices and light beam deflectors are discussed in detail.

Evaluation of experimental magnetic printing device using weak dipole development process

An experimental magnetic printing device employing a novel low background development process is described. Printing characteristics of patterns with a resolution of 10 dots/mm (254 dpi) were evaluated as a function of the system variables. Line and pattern print was used to establish the operating margins of recording parameters (such as drive current and medium thickness} and developing parameters (such as toner medium interference and toner blanket thickness). Print quality could be improved by applying a vacuum clean-up step on the developed image.

Printing technologies

Printing devices are used to generate character, graphic, and image output at varying degrees of cost, price, resolution, output quality, and speed. A large number of different printing technologies have been developed to meet this spectrum of requirements. The following paper presents a summary of the various impact, non-impact, and special paper technologies. Next to the printing technology itself, additional design and functional characteristics influence the capabilities of the different printer products presently in use.

On the Inclusion and Placement of Documentation Graphics in Computer Typesetting

Computer typesetting systems can produce high quality printed pages suitable for the production of books, journals and newspapers in final form. Little effort to date has been applied to the problem of including and placing arbitrary graphic figures within processed text. In this paper we describe a system, constructed around existing typesetting software, which allows figure definition and placement. Key features of the system are a wide range of figure sources; figure preview facilities; figures-only output and compatibility with non-graphic printing devices, where figures are plotted separately; support of a figure language for in-line figure definition; and figure placement algorithms which are changeable at the user level.

Magneto-optic light switching arrays and their application

On the basis of single crystalline magneto-optic garnet films, a new technology for the spatial switching of light has been developed. Transmissive light switching arrays (LISA) with up to 512 light valves arranged along a line at a density of 16/mm as well as x-y addressed matrices with 256 × 64 light valves have been made for the application in optical line printing devices, information displays and optical data processing (Page composer). This paper introduces into the basic principles of the new developments and summarizes the results of the research work of the recent years.

A computer data base system for indexing research papers

A set of computer programs has been developed that allows the cataloging, classifying, retrieval, and editing of citations of research papers through the use of a computer terminal. The system is designed to help the user organize, edit, file, and retrieve copies of research papers. The program allows the user to list alphabetically (by first author) all references stored and retrieve them through the computer terminal or hard-copy printing device. A major advantage of implementing a system for personal copies of research papers is that it allows the user to consider the references as forming a research data base and allows the user to search through them using new search strategies. The key-word mode allows the user to select up to six key words (up to 16 characters each). The key words are then extracted whenever they appear in either the key-word index or the title of the research paper. The extracted record is then printed (hard copy) or appears on the computer display terminal (at the option of the user). The record appearing lists the author, record number, file code, publication date, title, publication name, volume and page number, and up to six key words.

On defining distance education

Four generally accepted definitions of distance education are analysed and from them six components of a comprehensive definition are chosen. The forms of education that are considered to fall within the concept of distance education as outlined are considered from the point of view of choice of medium, institutional type and didactic model. Various forms of education that bear some similarities to distance education but are not to be identified with it are described. The term ‘distance education’ is proposed as the most satisfactory solution to the problem of terminology. The term ‘distance education’ covers the various forms of study at all levels which are not under the continuous, immediate supervision of tutors present with their students in lecture rooms or on the same premises, but which, nevertheless, benefit from the planning, guidance and tuition of a tutorial organisation. (Holmberg,1977:9) Distance education is education which either does not imply the physical presence of the teacher appointed to dispense it in the place where it is received or in which the teacher is present only on occasion or for selected tasks. (Loi 71.556 du 12 juillet 1971) Distance teaching/education (Fernunterricht) is a method of imparting knowledge, skills and attitudes which is rationalised by the application of division of labour and organisational principles as well as by the extensive use of technical media, especially for the purpose of reproducing high quality teaching material which makes it possible to instruct great numbers of students at the same time wherever they live. It is an industrialised form of teaching and learning. (Peters, 1973:206) Distance teaching may be defined as the family of instructional methods in which the teaching behaviours are executed apart from the learning behaviours, including those that in a contiguous situation would be performed in the learner's presence, so that communication between the teacher and the learner must be facilitated by print, electronic, mechanical or other devices. (Moore, 1973:664)

An Application of Beam Dynamics to a Damper Design

Flexural wave propagation may be used as a means of absorbing impact energy to prevent excessive rebound or to shorten the cycle time of high-speed printing devices. For optimal damping action, however, the dynamic analysis of beams used in the mechanism is necessary; this paper presents such an analysis. It also presents an application of a damper ring design that is used to prevent so-called “shadow printing” by suppressing the rebound of the type elements in a disk printer.

An Ink Jet Facsimile Recorder

A facsimile recorder developed at Teletype Corporation utilizes a squirting ink jet as the printing device. The recorder produces copy having 200 lines per inch resolution on ordinary paper at the rate of 50 pages per hour. The design features a disposable ink system which can be replaced by an operator. The technique used for generating gray tones is readily adaptable to color printing.