Narrative Principles Research Articles

Influence of Narrative Principles on Organizational Change Adoption of Blended Learning in Selected Kenyan Universities

Influence of Narrative Principles on Organizational Change Adoption of Blended Learning in Selected Kenyan Universities

Temporal progression in film retellings in Polish: Perspectives on the interaction of the imperfective aspect and narrative principles

Temporal progression in film retellings in Polish: Perspectives on the interaction of the imperfective aspect and narrative principles

Pepea Pamoja:† Applying the Ecological Validity Framework to co-develop a wellbeing and behavioural training program for caregivers of young children with autism in low-resource settings of Kenya and the United States.

Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disability with global prevalence of one in 100 individuals. Poor access to interventions in both under-resourced regions of high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries has deleterious effects on the health and wellbeing of individuals with autism and their families. Our objective was to utilize a reciprocal innovation framework and participatory methods to adapt and co-develop a culturally grounded group-based wellbeing and naturalistic developmental behavioural intervention (NDBI) training program for caregivers of young children with autism to be implemented in Kenya and rural Indiana. This study was conducted within the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) program. An evidence-informed Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention (NDBI) previously utilized in Indiana was adapted and iteratively refined using the Ecological Validity Framework (EVF) by a team of US and Kenyan disability experts. Key adaptations to the program were made across the EVF domains of language, persons, metaphors/content, concepts, goals, methods, and context. Substantial cultural adaptations were made to the NDBI following the EVF model, including the addition of traditional Kenyan cultural practices, use of narrative principles, and focus on daily routines over play. Pepea, the adapted program, involves 10 group sessions covering content in basic education on autism, positive caregiver coping strategies, and behavioural skills training to promote child communication and reduce challenging behaviour. Key adaptations for Pepea were integrated back into a US NDBI caregiver training program. This study fills a critical gap by detailing the adaptation process of a caregiver wellbeing and naturalistic developmental behavioural training program for caregivers of children with autism in low-resource settings. Our next steps are to report on mixed-methods outcomes from pilot implementation. Our long-term goal is to apply these insights to advance sustainable and scalable autism intervention services across the globe.

Just a story? Leadership, lived experience and integrated care.

Integrated care is based around values of involvement and shared decision-making, but these are not often reflected within planning and implementation. Barriers include continued emphasis on professional and managerial perspectives, skills gaps on how best to engage people and communitiesand insufficient investment in involvement infrastructure. Despite such challenges, people with lived experience have still led changes in policy and services. Qualitative study involving 25participants with lived experience from 12countries. Participants shared their background stories and engaged in semistructured interviews relating to leadership identity, experience of influencingand personal learning. Transcripts were analysed through a framework approach informed by narrative principles. Participants were motivated by their own experiences and a wish to improve care for future individuals and communities. Sharing their story was often the entry point for such influencing. Participants gained skills and confidence in story telling despite a lack of support and development. Many felt comfortable being described as a leader whileothers rejected this identity and preferred a different title. No common alternative term to leader was identified. Influencing services required considerable personal cost but also led to new networks, skills developmentand satisfaction when change was achieved. Leadership within integrated care is often awarded to those with structural power related to management or clinical seniority. People with lived experience are though uniquely placed to identify what needs to change and can develop inspiring visions based around their personal stories. Claiming identity as leader can be challenging due to traditional notions of who is eligible to lead and unwillingness by professionals and managers to grant such identity. People with lived experience should be recognised as leaders of integrated care and have access to developmental opportunities and practical support to strengthen their skills, including that of storytelling. PATIENT ANDPUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: The research was instigated on the request of a community advisory board of people with lived experience who shaped its design, contributed to the analysisand informed the conclusions and implications.

Imagination and metaphor in narrative therapy and collective practice

In this paper I explore the use of metaphors in the creation of externalised problem narratives for individuals and larger collectives, as well as in the creation of preferred alternative narratives. Through practice examples, I relate some of the ways in which I have been working with imagination and metaphor in my own context in Western Australia. This includes therapeutic work with individuals, as well as collective processes in which I have been able to apply narrative principles. How this connects to the broader field of narrative work is also explored, as are some issues related to ethics and power.

Modern narrative structure in animated short films: a tool to increase suspense

Classical narrative structure introduces specific principles and features to keep the audience engaged with the film. Modern, nonlinear narrative structures, however, provide their own techniques and tools in this sense. They can be utilized in animated short films to develop anticipation and suspense. The majority of animated short films are still focusing on classical narrative principles which only allows chronological order of time and sequence of events. Yet, a considerable potential of applying various nonlinear structures can be addressed when it comes to modern storytelling in animation. Consequently, filmmakers are able to increase suspense by solely adopting such variations. This paper discusses nonlinear narrative structures in five animated short films, “If anything happens I love you” (2021), “Alma” (2009), “Skhizein” (2008), “The house of small cubes” (2008) and “Maestro” (2005), and the way they suggest increased suspense by deviating from classical narrative principles. The present paper explains such potential by relying on David Bordwell theories, where he put an emphasis on important aspects of nonlinear narratives such as time, order, duration and frequency in particular. This paper argues that not only applying nonlinear structures are viable in the context of animated short films, different variations can be utilized as a powerful, innovative and beneficial tool in order to grab and hold the audience’s attention without having to concentrate on an excessively complicated timeline in the story.

Механизмы конструирования национальной истории и исторической памяти в «Истории Армении» Мовсеса Хоренаци

The creation of national histories is considered to be a characteristic feature of modernity, associated with the processes of creating national states. These narratives intend to trace the origins of the nation to mythologized antiquity and legitimize the existence of the nation-state. Meanwhile, “History of Armenia” by Movses Khorenatsi shows that similar narrative practices could have arisen even in the early Middle Ages. It is assumed that in addition to the historical context, the principles of historical narration and semantization apply, which give meaning to the events described. Historical memory represents the past by some semiotic tools: narratives, symbols, myths, etc. Thus, the first systematic history of Armenia is intended to reveal the genesis of the Armenian people and to create a narrative that makes it possible to trace the history of Armenian kings and princes and compare them with the data of the Old Testament, up to the Tower of Babel. Due to the lack of written sources, the historiographer relies on myths and legends. Metatexts (arguments about the reliability of sources, the goals of writing history, the historiographer's priorities in the selection of events) allow us to identify the principles of discourse construction. The historical context of the work (the times of the decline of the Armenian kingdom) predetermines the metanarrative pattern (“paradise lost”) and the tragic pathos of the narrative. The “History” ends with “Lamentation,” and the end of the narrative marks the end of the History.

The problem of loneliness in the urban environment: experience of cities in Russian Far East

The article deals with the phenomenon of human loneliness in the city. The ever-increasing role of the city as a living space causes changes both in the way of life of a person and in his inner world. Loneliness, being at all times an immanent companion of being, is also distinguished by specific features in modern social realities. Their formation was influenced by dynamic social factors and agents. The purpose of the article is to outline the social contour of urban loneliness by analysing relevant theoretical, methodological and empirical data.
 The methodology for researching the issue was determined by the urban discourse in sociology (G.Simmel, R.Park, A.Lefebvre); social concepts of loneliness (N.Pokrovsky, Zh.Puzanova, E.Klinenberg); the concept of a modern complex society (Z.Bauman, S.Kravchenko), as well as elements of the socio-spatial approach. The empirical basis of the research is represented by a series of semi-formalised focused interviews with respondents - residents of large cities of the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation using the narrative principle of data processing, as well as elements of content analysis.
 The results of the study are presented by empirically identified narratives of loneliness, the interpretation of their social context. The grounds for the analysis of loneliness as a phenomenon receiving additional development in the conditions of multidirectional and non-linear processes of urban life are noted. A factor social role in this process is played by the diversity and differentiation of public life, social anomie and individualisation of life practices, the crisis of the institution of trust as a value of collective interactions, and the ongoing “atomisation” of households. Also of major importance are the fundamental shifts in the mass consciousness, that led to the perception of a voluntary solitary lifestyle as beneficial and valuable. The social contours of loneliness are affiliated with the intensity of the urban lifestyle, individualism, and uncertainty about the future.
 The author formulates a conclusion about the low level of social capital of respondents as one of the significant factors of loneliness, as well as about the resource nature of the city in the development of loneliness as a personal experience, and in the practice of a lonely lifestyle.

Etchings in the books by Lazar Baranovych: The communicative aspects ofcomposition

The paper addresses the compositional and communicative senses of the textual insertions to the etched frames of the title pages and the following pages with symbolic etchings in the books Mech dukhovny (The Spiritual Sword, 1666) and Truby sloves propovidnykh (The Trumpets of Preaching Words, 1674) by Chernihiv archbishop Lazar Baranovych. It was revealed that the textual insertions, which are the citations from the Bible that prevail on the stretched ribbons, were used as the key structural elements of the composition. The ribbons with citations functioned as the inner frames, dividing the composition to tiers or separate sections within the tier, simultaneously commenting the closest images. This was a practical and simple method of structuring the compositions, already oversaturated with characters and senses. The ribbons for a table ofsorts, the cells of which are filled with images. In addition, more complex variant ofstructuring the images with textual insertions was developed. The ribbons with citations placed symmetrically towards the vertical axis of the etching formed a separate fancy composition that resembled an ornamental vignette with an evident decorative function. Nevertheless, even in this case the ribbon composition structured the overall image, while the positioning of the depicted scenes was subordinated to the overall intricate design indicated with the ribbons of quotes. Both approaches to structuring the compositions of the first etching of the book with the textual insertions and forming an hierarchy for reading these insertions were based on the rhetorical principles of narration.

Welcome, How Can I Help You? Design Considerations for a Virtual Reality Environment to Support the Orientation of Online Initial Teacher Education Students

Alongside the rapid and broad uptake of online learning in higher education, fully online students report feeling isolated and disconnected from their institutions. Although formal course content may be expertly designed to engage online learners, much of the information provided to support higher education students’ orientation to the institution and to study is presented online in a written static form. Such presentations may not be accessible and engaging and may contribute to feelings of disconnection. Technologies such as virtual reality (VR) are being used in higher education to engage, motivate and connect students in their learning. This paper reports on the early design stages for a VR that aims to support initial teacher education students to connect and engage with key orienting information. The design of the VR was achieved by following a user-centred, iterative engineering design process and design principles of spatiality, interaction and narrative. The VR environment emulates the School of Education’s physical, on-campus reception area to provide an immersive experience where students have a choice in the types and format of key study information they receive. This experience was designed to be utilised in online orientation but also throughout students’ first year of study. Future research directions include collecting student responses to the VR to inform how students can be involved in enhancing the VR so that it supports their learning and sense of connection. Furthermore, future research can aim for the expansion of the VR inclusive of additional information, rooms and buildings and increased capabilities such as gamification and mobile access. This will enable the creation of a valuable teaching resource for online programs.

Peace is possible: The role of strategic narratives in peacebuilding

In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), scholars and practitioners often cite the lack of shared narrative as a primary challenge to long-term peace. A study of the multi-ethnic, collaborative story-telling work of the Post Conflict Research Centre (PCRC), a Bosnian peacebuilding organization, however, tells a different story. Instead of aiming to forge a singular narrative, PCRC weaves together multiple stories that express complex positions while driving narrative frames that show peace is possible. In a context where actors might not be ready for a joint narrative, the organization demonstrates how plural stories can co-exist, and be strategically mobilized and disseminated through diverse formats to actively engage others in peace-building processes. Identifying key narrative principles, tactics and frames employed by PCRC, this article proposes more attention is paid to how narrative can be strategically harnessed to de-stabilize the stories that drive entrenched division and to foster and cultivate a culture of peace.

Les pensionnats et foyers autochtones fédéraux du Canada : la commémoration des lieux de mémoire sensible selon une visée réconciliatoire

Some years ago Canada began a process of reconciliation with First Peoples, undertaking the difficult task of acknowledging its colonial and racist past. Recent news, particularly the discovery of unmarked graves on the grounds of former federal residential schools, marking the system as a symbol of Canadian colonialism, brings us face to face collectively with this reality, a less than sterling era in our history. Museums and national heritage sites can, through their exhibitions, help to show the history and consequences of the federal residential schools, by institutionalizing and integrating them in the Canadian national narrative. While acknowledging this darker side of Canadian history seems vital to the process of reconciliation between Indigenous and non- Indigenous peoples, commemorating sensitive spaces of memory is equally important. The survival of this sensitive memory seeks to better know and understand the history and consequences of the federal residential schools. Yet it is understood that no heritage or museum institution is free of its ideological past. In this context, how is it possible to ensure that this new thread of the story is woven into the fabric of our national history? How can we prevent colonial ramifications from being transformed into a new instrument of domination? What stumbling blocks lie in the way of commemoration with a goal of reconciliation regarding the sensitive spaces of memory which are the federal residential schools? These questions can all affect the process of reconciliation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples in the country. Within the scope of this edition on inclusive participation, this article brings forward a discussion of the approaches, means and conditions for initiating the commemoration of the sensitive spaces of memory which are the federal residential schools, aiming for reconciliation. It also touches on the hurdles facing this effort. It presents a synthesis of research, an attempt to examine the operational principles of the national narrative and of commemoration. After a brief presentation of the contextual setting, two fundamental non-Indigenous principles implied in this context are presented, as well as their conceptual constellation. The first is the “duty of remembrance.” While it is essential in every commemorative effort since the Second World War, it is hard to see the emphasis placed on acknowledging the status of “victim” as compatible with the importance accorded to healing of Indigenous Peoples aiming, conversely, to transcend stigma. The second impediment lies within the principle of universalism, which is fundamental to all Western institutions–science, democracy, education, cultural accessibility, political programs, etc. Socially justified as a principle of equity, diversity and inclusion, universalism has a perverse effect which may dilute the regional and community characteristics of the commemoration of federal residential schools. It does so by smoothing out the diversity of the memories that the institutions choose to share and disseminate or to suppress and forget certain aspects, as well as the method of commemorating and patrimonializing them, and above all with whom. Thus, without prescribing a concrete or single solution, this article aims to shed light on the pitfalls inherent in the effort to commemorate the history and consequences of the federal residential schools, to institutionalize them and integrate them into the Canadian national narrative, in a spirit of critical self-awareness.

Нарратив и нарративность в «Лирической сюите» Альбана Берга

The article is devoted to Alban Berg’s "Lyric Suite", which has been the object of hermeneutical analysis for half a century as a classic example of instrumental music with a hidden program. "The narrative turn" in musicology in recent years has brought to life another interpretation of this work, aimed at revealing the principles of narrative in it. This becomes the task of this article. The arsenal of sources accumulated to date allows us to interpret the Suite as a system of subtexts, not only musical, but also verbal. The narrative structure includes: the author (he is also the hero), characters, plot, several explicit and hidden addressees, events happening in a certain place and at a certain time, a clearly expressed author’s point of view, which is revealed by quoting from three works about love: "Lyric Symphony" by A. Zemlinsky, "Tristan and Isolde" by R. Wagner and "De profundis clamavi" by Ch. Baudelaire. A love story that does not have a happy ending unfolds in several planes: real, mystical and mythological. Expanding the concept of narrativity, it is possible to point out other narrative properties of aesthetic and compositional-technical kind in the Suite: a romantic narrative associated with the relationship of words and music; the narrative of cinema, referring to the present; the narrative of dodecaphony as an individual interpretation of A. Schoenberg’s twelve-tone method of composition.

<김학공전>의 변주와 <신계후전>의 창작

The main goal of this paper is to examine in terms of work theory that Singyehujeon was created through the epic variation of Kimhakgongjeon. To this end, the plots and narrative characteristics of Kimhakgongjeon and Singyehujeon, and the principle of the narrative and the correlation between the two works were reviewed. Based on this, the value of the two works and the significance of literary history were pointed out. First, Kimhakgongjeon and Singyehujeon have homogeneity in major plots, but the distinction between the two works has expanded by using auxiliary plots in Singyehujeon. If the former is a single plot that secures the narrative portion through the enlargement of the scene, the latter is a multiple plot that satisfies the narrative portion through pixel borrowing. If the former blocked the variation at the inflection point of the narrative to become a single plot, the latter proceeded with the variation at the inflection point to have the editorial narrative character of the plural plot. Second, through the narrative principles of Kimhakgongjeon and Singyehujeon, the problem of the precedence of creation was confirmed. Kimhakgongjeon is a Korean novel based on the existing narrative. Therefore, the circular narrative worked with centripetal force, so the expansion of the narrative did not occur. On the other hand, Singyehujeon borrowed various existing pixels with the addition of an auxiliary plot, and centrifugal force worked importantly. Therefore, it is understood that Singyehujeon, which adds a commercial character, was created in the simple narrative Kimhakgongjeon. Third, the value of the two works and the significance of literary history are noteworthy. When the two works were built, new-style novels appeared and were competing with classical novels. Then, a modern novel that surpassed these two appeared and tried to find a new way out. It is a group of novel works based on Chuno-narrative that can confirm such changes in detail. In other words, they include “Kimhakgongjeon,” which is woven into a single plot using traditional narratives, “Singyehujeon,” which changed it from a commercial purpose to a stratified plot, and “Tangeumdae,” which was recreated by changing the novel technique based on them. Therefore, it can be seen that they are a useful group of works to track the flow of Korean novel history. In this regard, it is worth noting their novel value and the significance of novel history.

Decimal Diaspora: Ten Exiles and a Medieval Construction of Jewish History

The present article reviews religious constructions of Jewish diaspora History in their long-term evolution and discusses a midrashic text that hints at a historical turning-point in the 12th century. In the Antiquity, gendered metaphors were most commonly used to characterize the troubled relations between God, the Land, and the people of Israel. Early medieval conceptions speculated about the cyclical repetition of deportation events and other calamities. That meant that that number rather than gender became the dominant organizing principle of the historical narrative in the later period. Since the medieval “Midrash of the Ten Exiles” expresses this new numerology most straightforwardly, the redactional history and literary context of this short text is the focus of this study.

Transforming the landscape of identity for people with social anxiety

People identifying with social anxiety experience extreme apprehension in social situations. They fear meeting new people and attending social gatherings. They find it difficult to converse with others. Constantly thinking about being judged can make them feel unworthy. This paper describes the use of narrative principles and practices with people dealing with social anxiety. Creating space between the person and the problem helped us discover multiple alternative narratives of life.

스토리와 디스플레이

The power of the platform, which determines the form of content creation and consumption, plays a greater role in narrative styles that are inherently platform-dependent, such as webtoons. The ecosystem of webtoons changes depending on which formats are supported and recommended by the platform. The cuttoon format introduced by the Naver platform in consideration of the increase in the number of mobile users is based on a narrative principle different from that of the existing webtoon. Cut-toon allows the reader to experience the story through the segmental unit of story called cut. These characteristics are the basis for having compatibility with existing published comics, while also having affinity with video media through the possibility of using cuts such as montages for cinematic purposes. The space for readers' comments is also segmented, creating an environment for more immediate but more conscious comment participation on the one hand. Therefore, cuttoon can be said to be an evolved form of webtoon that can provide attractive content to both readers familiar with the existing publishing and video media and those familiar with web and mobile culture. Lee Dong-gun's <Yumi's Cells> is a representative webtoon that adapts to the cut-toon format while retaining the charm of traditional comics and it shows narrative potential of cuttoons through the use of features of them.

Relationship Aspects of Mothers and Their Adolescents with Intellectual Disability as Expressed through the Joint Painting Procedure.

The quality of the interaction between mothers and their children with an Intellectual Disability (ID) plays a crucial role in their development and in particular during adolescence. This qualitative study was designed to provide a better understanding of aspects of the relationships between mothers and their adolescents with ID through an art-based tool, the Joint Painting Procedure. The qualitative analysis of six dyads of mothers and adolescents with severe, moderate and mild ID was based on the principles of narrative and phenomenological inquiry. The findings yielded three key themes that emerged from the relational dynamics during the JPP: (1) from dependency to autonomy, (2) the joint painting as a way to foster verbal communication, and (3) playfulness and enjoyment. The JPP appeared to serve as a meaningful art-based assessment of the implicit and explicit aspects of the relationships which evolved during the interaction. The findings underscore the potential of the JPP as a non-verbal, art-based tool that allows researchers and clinicians to learn more about the dynamics of relationships between mothers and their adolescents with ID. It also enables a context where the expression of relational issues can be communicated and even transformed.

Роль нарратора как ключевой инстанции в развитии драматических событий в художественном тексте

The aim of the study is to form the boundaries of the notion “narrator” in relation to a dramatic text and a dramatic event based on a theoretical review of the notion “narrator” in foreign and domestic works on narratology. The scientific novelty is associated with the definition of a narrator’s typological status in the narrative paradigm of a text and in a dramatic situation. The main varieties of a narrator are characterized by functional parameters; the relationship between the categories of author - narrator - narratator is traced in literary texts of various types - epic and drama. The obtained results demonstrate that with the help of a narrator, dramatic events develop, for which the author of a literary text uses various narrative strategies, such as communicative, eventful, temporal, fictional, aesthetic, metanarrative ones. Also, a dramatic narrative synthesizes a lot of narrative principles that are characteristic of an epic text and manifested in the linearity of a narrator and the special position of a remark subject distanced from an end-to end dramatic event. This is especially typical of the Russian drama tradition, which is strongly influenced by the epic beginning in its classical versions from A. S. Pushkin’s Boris Godunov to the stage directions of A. P. Chekhov’s plays performing metanarrative functions.

THE EKPHRASTIC CODE OF “THE PYRAMID”, A NOVEL BY LEONID LEONOV

The purpose of this article is to study the transformation of plots and motifs of visual art in “The Pyramid” (1994), the last novel by L. Leonov. The authors take a closer look at various types of ekphrasis: mimetic, unattributed and zero type. The theoretical framework for the analysis of the novel’s narrative space in ekphrastic terms includes the works of L.G. Geller, N.V. Braginskaya, J. Heffernan and other Russian and foreign philologists. Based on the idea of the dialogical nature of the concept of “ekphrasis,” the authors of the article consider the ekphrasis of the “The Pyramid” in a broad sense, as a means of concentrating the artistic, visual and philosophical context, inherent in the very nature of interaction between different types of art. The hermeneutic method is used achieve the set objectives, allowing to reconstruct the meanings of the ekphrastic fragments of the novel in the context of the phenomena of the global and Russian culture. Along with the alternation of dialogues and monologues of the implicit author and characters, direct and modified pictorial allusions are Leonov’s leading methods of text generation. Inheriting the traditions of Russian classical literature that tends to inexpressible, the writer integrates images of spatial arts, architecture, and painting into the text of the literary work. The narrative principles of “The Pyramid” are largely determined by the correlation of the author’s reflexive thought with precedent phenomena, the symbolic content of paintings by P. Brueghel, I. Repin, V. Perov, A. Durer’s engravings, temple frescoes, Russian icon painting. This allusive series is contingent on Leonov’s aesthetic preferences. It is on this basis that the ekphrastic code of the work is formed. It expresses the semantic and poetic harmony of the visual and verbal principles of the author’s thinking.