Primary Energy Utilization Research Articles

Theoretical and experimental study on total heat recovery of condensing gas boiler flue gas by gas engine-driven compression heat pump

How to improve the utilization efficiency of natural gas and achieve the goal of carbon reduction has gradually become the focus of people’s attention. The exhaust temperature of the condensing gas boiler is between 50℃ and 80℃, which still contains some heat that is not used, so it is necessary to recover this part of the heat. This paper mainly studies the total heat recovery and utilization of waste heat from low-temperature flue gas of condensing gas boiler. In the research field of gas boiler flue gas waste heat recovery, the use of gas compression heat pump to recover gas boiler flue gas waste heat is still very few. Based on the principle of reducing the cold source temperature, a low-temperature flue gas recovery scheme of a gas engine-driven compression heat pump coupled condensing gas boiler is proposed. The low-temperature chilled water produced by gas engine-driven compression heat pump is used to recover flue gas waste heat from condensing gas boiler and gas engine, which can improve the utilization efficiency of natural gas and eliminate the “white smoke phenomenon” simultaneously. In addition, the waste heat of flue gas is used as the low-temperature heat source of gas engine-driven compression heat pump to ensure the stable operation of the heat pump in the low-temperature environment. The flue gas waste heat recovery technology has been improved compared with other flue gas waste heat recovery technologies in terms of primary energy utilization efficiency, system stability, corrosion resistance of flue gas heat exchangers, and investment recovery cycle. The experimental results show that when the water inlet temperature of the flue gas heat exchanger is 15℃, the overall power of the unit can reach 645 kW, and the final exhaust temperature is below 25℃. The overall primary energy utilization rate of the GEHP&CB can reach 110 %, which is 10 %∼20 % higher than that of the condensing gas boiler. The payback period of the increased initial investment is 1.4 heating seasons. Due to the improvement of natural gas utilization efficiency significantly reduces natural gas consumption and pollutant discharge.

Multi-objective optimization of regional integrated energy system matrix modeling considering exergy analysis and user satisfaction

Integrated energy system achieves the collaborative optimization of different energy forms such as electricity/gas/heat/cold, and it is an important strategic development direction in the international energy field in the future. However, with the development of smart grid technology and the increase of renewable energy penetration, it needs more flexible load to adapt to the changing energy supply–demand relationship. Considering the impact of user-side load fluctuations on the system, this paper establishes a two-tier closed-loop system model formed by users and the market. The upper-layer is based on the user’s perspective. A comprehensive user satisfaction model is established by the radar chart area method and consumer preference theory. The lower-layer is based on the market perspective. It proposes an improved layering matrix Energy Hub model and conducts the regional integrated energy system exergy efficiency evaluation study. Then, taking economy, carbon emission and exergy efficiency as objective functions, a multi-objective optimization model is constructed. Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms-II is applied to solve the model, and the output parameters is a Pareto front surface. A combination weighting TOPSIS method is used to select a compromise solution of multi-objective optimization from the optimal solution set. Compared with the primary energy utilization efficiency as the objective function, the exergy efficiency reduces the system cost by 8.64%. Finally, the multi-objective optimization solution based on different user satisfaction is obtained. Through the analysis of the examples, compared with the original load, the introduction of the upper-layer user satisfaction model reduces the system cost by 2.8%. The reasonable setting of user satisfaction and load adjustment amount can improve the economy of system, which verifies the effectiveness of the two-tier closed-loop system based on user satisfaction model.

Dynamic response characteristics and economic analyses of two solar-assisted multi-generation systems

Efficient use of solar energy can alleviate the depletion of fossil energy and global warming. In this paper, two solar-aided combined cooling, heating and power systems are proposed and dynamically modeled. The main difference between the two systems is whether the solar energy is stored. A rotor speed-temperature-fuel control system is established, which is suitable for both systems. A control system for solar heat collection process is developed. Energy, exergy and techno-economic analyses are carried out to evaluate the thermodynamic and economic performances. The dynamic responses under direct normal irradiation perturbation and load perturbation are also investigated. The result shows that compared with the system without energy storage, the system with energy storage has higher primary energy utilization rate, exergy efficiency and fuel saving rate, but the economic performance is poorer. The rotor speed-temperature-fuel control system can guarantee a short equilibrium time and a small overshoot for power generation process. When electrical load disturbance occurs, the stabilization times of the output power, cooling energy supply and thermal energy supply are 30 s, 675 s and 770 s, respectively. Under the regulation of the solar heat collection control system, the maximum overshoot of the outlet thermal oil temperature of the parabolic trough solar collector is 2.6 % with a stabilization time of 83 s when the direct normal irradiation step disturbance occurs.

The influence of nano filter elements on pressure drop and pollutant elimination efficiency in town border stations

Natural gas stands as the most ecologically sustainable fossil fuel, constituting nearly 25% of worldwide primary energy utilization and experiencing rapid expansion. This article offers an extensive comparative analysis of nano filter elements, focusing on pressure drop and pollutant removal efficiency. The primary goal was to assess the superior performance of nano filter elements and their suitability as an alternative for Town Border Station (TBS). The research encompassed a six-month examination period, involving routine pressure assessments, structural examinations, and particle characterization of the filter elements. The results revealed that nano filters showed better performance in adsorbing aluminum than conventional filters, possibly due to their cartridge composition. Nano filters contained phosphorus, sulfur, and copper, while conventional filters lacked these elements. The disparity can be attributed to the finer mesh of the nano filter, capturing smaller pollutants. Although the nano filter had minimal silicon, the conventional filter showed some, posing concerns. Despite having 19 extra pleats, the nano filter maintained gas flow pressure while capturing more particles than the conventional filter.

Process modeling and analysis of a combined heat and power system integrating solid oxide fuel cell and organic Rankine cycle for poultry litter utilization

Syngas from the gasification process of poultry litter can be utilized as the fuel in the solid oxide fuel cell for electricity production. A novel combined heat and power system, integrating solid oxide fuel cell and organic Rankine cycle, is currently proposed to achieve efficient and clean utilization of poultry litter. The effects of biomass type for co-gasification and six operational parameters on this cogeneration system are studied. Results show that the total electricity production, fuel cell power output, total heat production and primary energy utilization efficiency are 162.02 kW, 141.65 kW, 52.41 kW and 44.70%, respectively. Co-gasification of straw and poultry litter can improve the overall system performance. Low water content of poultry litter is generally preferable. The highest primary energy utilization is achieved at equivalent air ratio of around 0.26. Increasing water-carbon ratio would deteriorate the fuel cell and the overall system performance. When the operating temperature is 950 °C, the energy utilization efficiency reaches the peak value. This energy efficiency reaches the maximum value of 44.98% at fuel utilization efficiency of 0.78. This research provides a new solution for high-value utilization of the low-calorific poultry litter, to achieve the sustainable utilization of wasted energy and biomass resources.

Do natural resources and economic components exhibit differential quantile environmental effects?

AbstractIn view of the resource curse assumption, the environmental aspects of resource utilization are arguably posing more dangers to human existence. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the region that holds more than 60% and 50% of the world's oil and gas reserves respectively, the need to examine the contribution of natural resources to environmental quality among other factors cannot be overemphasized. By leveraging on the novelty of observing the differential impact of natural resources and other economic components such as income and primary energy utilizations across the quantiles of carbon emission, this study implements the quantile regression approach alongside other relevant techniques to analyze data between 1990 and 2018 for selected countries in the MENA region including Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, Qatar, Algeria, Morocco, Oman, Egypt, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The result posits that natural resource utilization generally hampers the environment across the quantiles. However, this negative effect decreases until the 50th quantile before starting to rise again toward the upper quantiles. Additionally, primary energy utilization and globalization respectively worsen and improve environmental quantile, especially toward the upper quantiles while income affirms the inverted U‐shaped hypothesis across the entire quantiles. Moreover, there is a statistically significant one‐way directional causality from natural resources, economic expansion, primary energy use, and globalization to carbon emission levels. Hence, the study offers environmentally friendly resource utilization policies to the MENA economies and other resource‐rich states by extension.

Comparative Study on Heating and Cooling Systems Integrated with Energy Storage

Taking a commercial building in Shanghai as an example, a list of cooling and heating systems are established and operation strategies are formulated. Based on the precondition that the excess electricity can be sold to the grid, the primary energy utilization rate and economices of the energy supply schemes are analyzed. The results show that compared with the traditional heating and cooling supply method, the combined cooling, heating, and power systems have better energy-saving and economic benefits. Additionally, the inclusion of the thermal energy storage yields additional economic benefits (up to 36% reduction in the CO2eq emissions and up to the 21% reduction in the total annual cost). Under the following-electric-load operation mode, the role of the thermal energy storage is to alleviate the temporal mismatch between the electric demand and the heating or cooling demand. To be specific, in the combined cooling, heating, and power systems, the total annual cost is reduced by up to 5.8% and the annual carbon dioxide equivalent emissions are reduced by up to 2.4% when the thermal energy storage is used. While under the following-electric-price operation mode, the performance of the CCHP system is largely subject to the natural gas price. Last, although heat pump systems are often regarded as efficient systems owing to the relatively high coefficient of performance of the heat pump, the energy supply through the heat pump systems may be carbon-emission-intensive currently.

Evaluation Study on a Novel Structure CCHP System with a New Comprehensive Index Using Improved ALO Algorithm

The CCHP system is a reasonable and effective method to improve the current situation of energy use. Capacity allocation is of great significance in improving the performance of the CCHP system. Due to the particularity of chemical enterprises’ production process, the demand for cooling, heating, and power load is also relatively particular, which makes the dynamic loads challenging to be satisfied. Because of the above problems, the structure of the typical CCHP system is improved, embodied in the collocation of multi-stage lithium bromide chiller, and the use of various energy storage devices. Based on the improved ant lion intelligent optimization (ALO) algorithm, the comprehensive evaluation index coupled with energy benefit, economic benefit, and environmental benefit, is taken as the objective function, and the equipment capacity configuration of the CCHP system for chemical enterprises is studied. Considering winter, summer, and transition seasons, the results show that the system is better than the typical CCHP system. The annual cost savings of the new structural system are up to 13%, and the carbon dioxide emissions of the new structural system are reduced by up to 36.39%. The primary energy utilization rate of the new structure system is increased by 18%, and the comprehensive evaluation index also performs better. The optimal index can reach 0.814.

Distributed energy system selection for a commercial building by using Multi Criteria Decision Making methods

Turkiye has made a significant progress in liberalizing electricity generation, transmission and distribution systems. Utilization of Distributed Generation systems are encouraged to contribute to this liberalization process. It is a complex problem for the consumer to choose an appropriate combination of Distributed Generation systems. This complexity arises from the differences among the characteristics of Distributed Generation systems such as investment cost, operating cost, carbon emissions, primary energy consumption and primary energy utilization rate. Therefore, Distributed Generation system selection problem emerges as a multi criteria decision making problem. Finding the optimal alternative for many conflicting and interacting criteria can be achived by Multi Criteria Decision Making methods.In this study, the problem of choosing the most suitable alternative among 7 available Distributed Generation systems for a commercial building, which is a real-world problem, is discussed. First of all, 5 criteria were determined by considering the opinions of 23 experts in the field and the studies in the literature. The AHP method was used to weight the criteria according to 6 scenarios. Alternatives were ranked by using 6 Multi Criteria Decision Making methods (AHP, ANP, TOPSIS, ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, VIKOR). Spearman correlation analysis was performed in pairs on all 6 rankings for each scenario in order to identify which ranking is correct and the final ranking table was formed. The results showed that the criteria whose weights changed as a result of the scenarios according to the local conditions had an effect on the selection of the Distributed Generation system. In addition, the final ranking can be formed more accurately by performing correlation analysis of the rankings by using different multi criteria decision making methods.

Computational Intelligence Powered Experimental Test on Energy Consumption Characteristics of Cold-Water Phase-Change Energy Heat Pump System

In order to study the influence on the effective energy efficiency ratio, the energy consumption characteristics of a cold-water phase change heat pump system are discussed in this article. An experimental system of the cold-water phase-change energy heat pump system is designed and constructed, and then the deicing energy consumption and unit energy consumption of the heat pump system are analyzed by computational intelligence-powered methods. At last, the primary energy utilization ratio of the heat pump system is calculated. The results show that under the setting conditions, the deicing capacity of the heat pump system is about 0.135, the primary energy utilization ratio is about 1.145, and the COP (coefficient of performance) of the heat pump unit is between 2.8 and 3.2. Considering the system's deicing energy consumption, the effective COP of the unit is between 2.42 and 2.76, so from this point, this kind of heat pump system can be widely used in the future. In order to improve the effective COP of the unit, the processes of ice making and melting should be further optimized to reduce heat loss and power loss.

Optimization of CCHP integrated with multiple load, replenished energy, and hybrid storage in different operation modes

For the multiple loads including electricity, heating, and cooling, a type of CCHP (combined cooling, heating, and power) integrated with internal combustion engine, gas boiler, heat exchanger, electric chiller, and hybrid storage is presented. From the perspective of preferential meeting for different energy demand, this study extends the basic operation modes of FEL and FTL to five operation modes including FEL-H(Following Electrical Load by Heating Load), FEL-C(Following Electrical Load by Cooling Load), FTL-E(Following Thermal Load by Electrical Load), FCL-E(Following Cooling Load by Electrical Load), and FTCL-E(Following Thermal and Cooling Load by Electrical Load). Under these five modes, the proposed CCHP is optimized to obtain the optimal capacity of prime mover and the start-stop strategy for hybrid storage. The optimization model employs the integrated economic cost target and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)-GA (Genetic Algorithm) based bi-layer optimization algorithm. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the climbing rate of ICE and the maximum charge/discharge power of hybrid storage on the system performance is conducted. The result shows that CCHP with hybrid storage has a better economic benefit in all operation modes, and the primary energy utilization ratio for the system with hybrid storage in FEL-H and FEL-C can be achieved with 80%.

Analysis of coupling characteristics between solar energy and compressor extraction energy storage gas turbine CHP system

The regulation of compressor extraction and energy storage can improve the performance of gas turbine energy system. In order to make the gas turbine system match the external load more flexibly and efficiently, a gas turbine cogeneration system with solar energy coupling compressor outlet extraction and energy storage is proposed. By establishing the variable condition mathematical model of air turbine, waste heat boiler and solar collector, we use Thermoflex software to establish the variable condition model of gas turbine compressor outlet extraction, and analyze the variable condition of the coupling system to study the changes of thermal parameters of the system in the energy storage, energy release and operation cycle. Taking the hourly load of a hotel in South China as an example, this paper analyzes the case of the cogeneration system of solar energy coupling compressor outlet extraction and energy storage, and compares it with the benchmark cogeneration system. The results show that taking a typical day as a cycle, the primary energy utilization rate of the system designed in this paper is 3.2% higher than that of the traditional cogeneration system, and the efficiency is 2.4% higher.

Energy transition and environmental quality prospects in leading emerging economies: The role of environmental‐related technological innovation

AbstractThe world has witnessed a significant rise in greenhouse gas emissions since the end of the 20th century as several economies begin to emerge into industrial hubs and manufacturing giants across the globe. Thus, in the wake of global interest in clean energy development and campaign for sustainable climate and ecosystem, the role of the emerging countries in the debate is unarguably vital and demanding. Importantly, this study seeks to examine the commitment of the leading emerging countries (E7) of Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, and Turkey to energy transition and carbon‐neutral 2050. We employ the cross‐sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag approach that accounts for potential country‐specific factors to examine the role of environmental‐related technological innovations (ERT) in achieving climate neutrality in the E7 over the period from 1992 to 2018. Notably, the findings revealed that a 1 percent increase in ERT yields ~0.33% (short‐run) and ~ 0.17% (long‐run) reductions in carbon emission, thus suggesting that the E7 economies could be heading toward environmental sustainability with the application of ERT. Additionally, the result revealed that the application of ERT in the energy utilization profile significantly reduced the undesirable impact of primary energy utilization. However, the result showed that such an impact is not enough to trigger a transition to environmentally desirable cleaner energy that could mitigate carbon emissions. This is because the larger share of the E7 countries' primary energy utilization is from conventional and/or non‐renewable energy sources. The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is also validated.

Energy, Exergy, Economic, Exergoeconomic, and Exergoenvironmental (5E) Analyses and Optimization of a Novel Three‐Stage Cascade System Based on Liquefied Natural Gas Cold Energy

Herein, a novel three‐stage cascade power/cooling cogeneration system that includes the gas turbine (GT) cycle, supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle (S‐CO2), transcritical CO2 Rankine cycle (T‐CO2), and organic Rankine cycle is proposed. The system is simulated by connecting MATLAB and Aspen HYSYS via Active‐X control. It is indicated in the results that the system exhibits power generation, primary energy utilization, and exergy efficiencies of 59.43%, 81.66%, and 53.94%, respectively. The total product cost and environmental cost per unit exergy are 23.80 and 32.66 $GJ−1, respectively. Monoethanolamine is used to absorb CO2 from the exhaust gas, and cold energy from liquefied natural gas is utilized to capture carbon, with a capture rate of 96%, to realize low‐carbon‐emission characteristics. Additionally, the performance of the established system is verified using three basic cycles for comparison. It is revealed in the results that the designed system exhibits the highest thermodynamic performance and net present value among the investigated cycles. Furthermore, multi‐objective optimization of the systems is performed using the second‐generation non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm algorithm. Although the GT/S‐CO2/T‐CO2 cycle is found to be more cost‐effective than the proposed system at generation efficiencies less than 55%, the established system is deemed the best option among the cycles at power‐generation efficiencies greater than 55%.

Study on thermoelectric performance of thermochromic coating PV/T system

Solar thermal and photovoltaic unit on traditional PV/T system are restrict each other because the collector is installed on the photovoltaic unit. Some coating cover plates were prepared with thermochromic materials of that application in industry, textiles and daily life. The coating cover plate will adjust its optical properties due to the temperature. An innovative thermochromic coating PV/T system was established. The comprehensive experimental device was set up for carrying out test in simulation. Comparing with the fluid beam-splitting PV/T system, there is more difference in the ray transmittance of the thermochromic coating cover plate before periods after discoloration. When temperature is less 45 °C, the heat-collecting effect is better whereas more 45 °C it decreases and then the ray transmittance and the performance of photovoltaic power generation for system are improved. When the mass fraction of 500 nm graphite powder added to the thermochromic coating is 2‰, the heat-collecting effect is the best, and the rate of primary energy utilization of the system is 40.1% in maximum value. The thermochromic coating PV/T system can flexibly adjust the use of photovoltaic power and thermal energy. When the water temperature is lower, the thermochromic coating PV/T system mainly collects heat and generates electricity as a supplement. After reaching the hot water requirement, the system reduces heat-collecting function and improves the photovoltaic power generation capacity, and it is of great practical value. The research results can provide a new solutions method for the application of PV/T systems.

Povećanje učešća obnovljivih izvora energije u sistemima za daljinsko grejanje

This paper presents and elaborates the proposal for reorganization of district heating sector in the Republic of Serbia, in order to increase its efficiency, as well as the proposal for the introduction of a self-sustaining incentives system for investments in infrastructure and thermal systems using renewable energy sources (RES). The goal is to reduce the use of non-renewable energy sources, in order to mitigate environmental pollution, as well as to decrease the share of electricity used for space heating. That way, also the electric power system (EPS) would be relaxed and the degree of primary energy utilization would be increased, by avoiding its conversion into electric and then back into thermal energy. As a comparative example of the applicability of the reorganization proposal, the paper presents experiences from the process of reorganization of the electricity sector in the Republic of Serbia. Within the presented proposal of the incentives system, descriptions of the methods necessary for the establishment of such a system are given, too. Acceptance and implementation of these proposals would contribute to increasing the participation of RES in district heating systems and result in achieving the aforementioned, positive effects of wider social impact and significance.

Examining the dynamics of ecological footprint in China with spectral Granger causality and quantile-on-quantile approaches

ABSTRACT With 2.5 global hectares (gha) per capita against 2.7 gha per capita, China’s ecological footprint is desirably below the world’s average ecological footprint per capita. Undesirably, the country’s per person ecological footprint outweighs the world’s average biocapacity per person of 1.7 gha, thus signifying an enormous pressure on the country’s ecological capacity. This reason accounts for the motivation to explore the dynamics of ecological footprint for China over the period 1971–2016 by employing a series of empirical techniques that include quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR), spectral Granger causality (SGC), and quantile regression. Indicatively, the empirical findings are in folds. First, from the QQR, economic growth exerts a positive effect on (i) ecological footprint especially in the middle quantile (0.4–0.7) and (ii) all quantiles (0.01–0.95) of economic growth. Second, both fossil fuel and primary energy utilization exert a positive impact on (i) all quantiles (0.01–0.95) of ecological footprint and (ii) all quantiles (0.01–0.95) of the two energy profiles. Third, it is surprising to see renewable energy utilization exerting a positive effect on ecological footprint at the lower tail (0.1–0.40) and on renewable energy use at the higher tail (0.70–0.95). Additionally, the SGC result revealed Granger causality from primary energy use and economic growth to the ecological footprint in the long-run without reverse. Additionally, without reverse, there is a Granger causality from renewable energy use to the ecological footprint in the short-, medium-, and long-term. Importantly, the overall policy implication suggests a more drastic decoupling of the country’s growth from the supply side (ecological pressure and environmental deprivation).

Multi-objective optimization with thermodynamic analysis of an integrated energy system based on biomass and solar energies

The integrated energy system (IES) can effectively utilize the distributed renewable energies, but its performance improvement requires advanced design and optimization methods. This study proposes a new IES based on biomass gasification integrated with an internal combustion engine, photovoltaic and solar collectors, an absorption chiller/heater, a heat pump and a thermal storage unit to utilize renewable energies effectively. Based on the thermodynamic models of components considering off-design conditions, a multi-objective optimization model of biomass IES is established to improve the comprehensive performances of energy, economy, and environment. A decision method is proposed to select the optimal configuration considering the Euclidean distance between the Pareto solution and the ideal solution. The results demonstrate that in the specific case, the capacity of the internal combustion engine with biomass gasification is preferred to be low, and 71.4% of Pareto solutions is less than 200 kW during the set range from 20 to 1,000 kW. The larger capacity of solar photovoltaic panels achieves more benefits than solar heat collectors. Moreover, the optimal IES determined by the minimum Euclidean distance has primary energy utilization efficiency of 43.4% and exergy efficiency of 18.0%, which saves primary energy of 7.1%, the annual total cost of 7.2%, and reduces carbon dioxide emission by 41.5%.

Method of multi-objective optimal operation for combined cooling, heating, and power system

In order to give full play to the advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, economy, and low carbon of combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, it is necessary to seek an optimal operation mode. In this paper, a CCHP system model including energy storage equipment and ground source heat pump is established. To ensure the control accuracy, the unit commitment problem is considered in the programming. The optimal operation mode of CCHP system is obtained by taking the minimum annual operation cost, including pollutant treatment cost and the maximum primary energy utilization rate as the objective, and discussing the weight value of the above two purposes. Compared with the single objective optimization method, this optimal operation mode can provide more diversified and refined choices for the actual operation of CCHP system.

Fuel-melting aggregate “MAGMA-1” for processing wastes of electric steelmaking

Toughening of ecological requirements to metallurgical production and economic factors, stipulated by competitiveness at the metal products market, increased actuality of utilization of slags, sludges and dust, obtained in steelmaking. It was shown, that from the economic point of view, processing of slags obtained at operation of modern ultra-powerful electric arc furnaces (EAF), is the item of highest interest. At present, their processing is restricted often by maximum possible recovery of metallic inclusions. At that the problem of utilization slag remains, dust and sludges remains unsolved. A pyrometallurgical method of electric steelmaking slags processing in EAF was considered. The process involves application of liquid phase reducing of metal oxides and correction of slag composition aimed at obtaining cast slag marketable products and clinker for cement industry. Data of test heats for slags utilization at the 5-ton EAF presented. The proposed technology enables to make industrial scale processing of slags with obtaining cast iron and melted clinker. Taking into consideration that EAF coefficient of efficiency, accounting fuel consumption for electrical energy obtaining is not high and is 23–24%, it was proposed to do slags processing in fuel-melting aggregates, in which the efficiency of primary energy utilization is higher (efficiency coefficient is 25–40%). The firm OJSC NTP “Akont” developed a technical project of a fuel-melting aggregate “MAGMA-1” for processing electric steelmaking slags. Its basic technical data and performance indices presented. It was shown that additional decrease of fuel consumption can be provided at utilization of liquid slag tapped out of EAF in a course of a heat, as well as at charge heating in a tubular rotating heater by waste gases.