Primary Attractions Research Articles

Ayurveda is on the Way to Open the Golden Door of Indian Tourism through Panchakarma - A Review

ABSTRACT Over the years, Ayurveda, the science of healing and regeneration, has become increasingly popular throughout the world. Numerous Ayurvedic centres are expanding nowadays, as they are one of the primary tourist attractions in the southern region. India is becoming a popular destination for medical tourism due to a number of draw factors, including easy accessibility, affordable and high-quality medical care, beautiful vacation spots, etc. The best place is in South India, which is also the nation's centre of health. The boundaries and opportunities of Ayurvedic tourism have undoubtedly expanded with the recognition of Ayurvedic healing on a national and worldwide level. With any fortunate, India will be the world's top choice for high-quality medical facilities within the next several years. Ayurveda was supposedly bestowed upon humanity by the gods to enable us to live long, healthy lives free from illness. Nearly every tribe in India swiftly embraced ayurveda, and it soon started to spread to nations like Afghanistan, China, and Iran. Panchakarma can provide a long-lasting or permanent treatment for multi-system disruptions. Panchakarma is becoming a vital component of medical travel. Therefore, the government ought to actively support the growth of Panchakarma travel. This review discusses the many facets of ayurvedic travel to India, including Panchakarma, its development, and current trends. Keywords-Ayurveda, Tourism, Panchakarma, health .

Attractiveness of Arctic tourism in the Verkhoyansky district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the fact that on the territory of the Verkhoyansky district there are numerous natural, historical and cultural objects that may be included in tourist routes for the purpose of further development of inbound tourism not only in the Verkhoyansky district, but also in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). With due attention to the development of the tourism industry, it can become one of the most promising and dynamically expanding industries in the region. The article considers the theoretical foundations of Arctic tourism. The Verkhoyansky district is characterized in terms of its tourist-recreational potential, as well as its primary cultural and natural attractions. The objects are considered from the point of view of their touristic attractiveness. In purpose of revealing the factors of development of Arctic tourism in the northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), a survey among students was conducted. The object of the study is Arctic tourism, and the subject of the study is the attractiveness of Arctic tourism on the territory of the Verkhoyansky district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The Arctic regions of Yakutia at this stage are not so well known and accessible to tourists. Against the background of worsening environmental problems, these territories may become a full-fledged tourist destination for certain categories of tourists.

Nilai Ekonomi Objek Taman Wisata Sungai Mudal Menggunakan Metode Individual Travel Cost Method

The Sungai Mudal Tourism Park is situated in Banyunganti Hamlet, Jatimulyo Village, Girimulyo District, Kulon Progo Regency. This destination showcases ecotourism, emphasizing the natural beauty of the Menoreh mountains and water-based activities as its primary attractions. This study aims to analyze tourist characteristics and determine the potential economic value of Mudal River's natural allure. The potential economic value is calculated via consumer surplus using the Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM). Tourist characteristics, including age, gender, occupation, income, and distance, are analyzed based on primary data gathered through interviews, observations, and questionnaires, supplemented by secondary data from literature. The findings reveal that Mudal River Tourism Park mostly attracts male visitors (50,9%), drawn to its adventurous offerings. The majority are students aged 15-25 with income levels mostly below Rp1.000.000. Most visitors reside within a distance of 0-50 km, primarily originating from Yogyakarta City. The calculated economic potential value of Sungai Mudal Tourism Park reaches IDR Rp 23.257.628.649,27 per year, averaging IDR 346.634,25 per individual annually in consumer surplus. However, the actual economic value recorded in 2022 stands at IDR 7.052.230.000 which represents 30% of the total potential economic value. This indicates that tourists visiting Sungai Mudal Tourism Park obtain environmental service benefits surpassing the incurred costs. Yet, this potential economic value is non-monetary. Effective management strategies for Sungai Mudal Tourism Park are necessary to enhance the actual economic value of tourism.

합성곱 신경망과 이미지 피처 벡터 클러스터링을 활용한 국내 어촌마을 선호장면 분석

Local extinction is now a reality due to the designation of half of South Korea's counties and cities as extinction risk areas. The risk stage of population extinction is predicted to reach all local governments in the nation by 2047, so local governments are actively using the tourism sector to combat local extinction. This study used image feature vector clustering and convolution neural networks to analyse the preferred scene of a domestic fishing village. After crawling the domestic fishing village data made available by the Instagram hashtag (#) using Python 3.9.7, data analysis was carried out. The analysis led to the classification of Waemok Village into 4 clusters, White Yeoul Culture Village into 7, Banwol-Bakji Village into 11, and Abai Village into 4 clusters. This allowed for the understanding of the primary tourist attractions in each fishing village, as well as the determination of the kinds of travel-related information that visitors share on social media. According to this study, the convolution neural network is a complementary methodology that offers an alternative to existing content analysis in terms of the use of large amounts of data. It can be used as a source of fundamental information for marketing plans and effective decision-making in related fields like local government, travel, and the planning and development of tourism products.

Identifying unique attributes of tourist attractions: an analysis of online reviews

ABSTRACT Predicting tourist attraction engagement has gained much attention in the literature. However, the unique elements of tourist attractions that distinguish them from their competitors remain unclear. To fill this gap, this paper identifies the competitive advantages of tourist attractions using novel online review datasets and the sentiment analysis method, taking 18 tourist attractions in the Yangtze River Delta as examples. After identifying high-frequency words in positive tourist attraction reviews and categorizing the attractions into two types, this paper shows that the unique attributes of primary tourist attractions are associated with renown, authenticity, and unique and local landscape, and that intermediate tourist attractions are characterized by renown, authenticity, and unique cultural and historical connotation. Overall, the unique attributes of tourist attractions that make them desirable relate to renown, authenticity, local culture and scarcity. Unique selling point theory is used to explain these four typical characteristics of tourist attractions. This study contributes to theory on identifying unique characteristics by employing standardized and complex procedures. It also enhances understanding of the unique attributes of tourist attractions from a management perspective. The results illustrate how destination managers can develop the competitive advantage of tourist attractions.

Peran Toba Dreams Dalam Pengembangan Destinasi Wisata Danau Toba: Pendekatan Sastra Pariwisata

North Sumatra literary works have represented Lake Toba tourism phenomena in the form of natural beauty, culture, and local wisdom. However, these works still need to get more attention from any researchers who link them to another way of promoting tourism. This study aims to analyze the four tourism components in Toba Dreams' novel and the role of the novel in developing Lake Toba's tourist destination. This study used a qualitative-interpretative method with a phenomenological paradigm. In obtaining the primary data, we used text, and in collecting the secondary data, we took from the library, observation, and interview methods. All primary data, i.e., attractions, amenities, access, and ancillary services, are analyzed using mimetic and literary tourism approaches by comparing them with secondary data acquisition. The results of this study show that the novel intensely and aesthetically depicts four tourism components, imitations of reality. The novelty of this study is that the Toba Dreams novel has a dual function as a medium for stories and as a promotion of Lake Toba tourism, especially tourist destinations in the

Feral swine as sources of fecal contamination in recreational waters

Recreational waters are primary attractions at many national and state parks where feral swine populations are established, and thus are possible hotspots for visitor exposure to feral swine contaminants. Microbial source tracking (MST) was used to determine spatial and temporal patterns of fecal contamination in Congaree National Park (CONG) in South Carolina, U.S.A., which has an established population of feral swine and is a popular destination for water-based recreation. Water samples were collected between December 2017 and June 2019 from 18 surface water sites distributed throughout CONG. Host specific MST markers included human (HF183), swine (Pig2Bac), ruminant (Rum2Bac), cow (CowM3), chicken (CL), and a marker for shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC; stx2). Water samples were also screened for culturable Escherichia coli (E. coli) as part of a citizen science program. Neither the cow nor chicken MST markers were detected during the study. The human marker was predominantly detected at boundary sites or could be attributed to upstream sources. However, several detections within CONG without concurrent detections at upstream external sites suggested occasional internal contamination from humans. The swine marker was the most frequently detected of all MST markers, and was present at sites located both internal and external to the Park. Swine MST marker concentrations ≥ 43 gene copies/mL were associated with culturable E. coli concentrations greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency beach action value for recreational waters. None of the MST markers showed a strong association with detection of the pathogenic marker (stx2). Limited information about the health risk from exposure to fecal contamination from non-human sources hampers interpretation of the human health implications.

Effect of Knowledge Sharing and Digital Management to Performance on Ecotourism in Ranong Province, Thailand

Ecotourism is the combination of ecosystem and tourism. Ecosystem tourism includes travel to destinations where flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Present study wants to establish the link between knowledge sharing, information and communication technology (ICT) and ecotourism performance with mediation of tourist attraction and digital management system among employees of ecotourism provider companies in Ranong province of Thailand. Data is collected through questionnaire survey method and via dropdown technique. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used in this study for data analysis. Results indicate that knowledge sharing related to ecotourism and ICT has positive significant impact on ecotourism performance and on tourist attraction and digital management system respectively. Tourist attraction has positive significant impact on ecotourism performance but not mediate the relation. Digital management system mediates the relation and also has the positive significant impact on ecotourism performance. Practitioners should focus on knowledge sharing variable, ICT and digital management system for increasing the ecotourism performance among ecotourism provider companies in Ranong province of Thailand.

Effect of Knowledge Sharing and Digital Management to Performance on Ecotourism in Ranong Province, Thailand

Ecotourism is the combination of ecosystem and tourism. Ecosystem tourism includes travel to destinations where flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Present study wants to establish the link between knowledge sharing, information and communication technology (ICT) and ecotourism performance with mediation of tourist attraction and digital management system among employees of ecotourism provider companies in Ranong province of Thailand. Data is collected through questionnaire survey method and via dropdown technique. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used in this study for data analysis. Results indicate that knowledge sharing related to ecotourism and ICT has positive significant impact on ecotourism performance and on tourist attraction and digital management system respectively. Tourist attraction has positive significant impact on ecotourism performance but not mediate the relation. Digital management system mediates the relation and also has the positive significant impact on ecotourism performance. Practitioners should focus on knowledge sharing variable, ICT and digital management system for increasing the ecotourism performance among ecotourism provider companies in Ranong province of Thailand.

U2O@C76: Non-Isolated-Pentagon-Rule Cages Prevail with the U2O Configuration Determined by Cage Shape and Dominated by Multicenter Bonds.

Endohedral clusterfullerenes (ECFs) are fullerene cages with various metallic clusters trapped inside. So far, the actinide-based ECFs are rather scarce with their possible structures and chemistry remaining largely unexplored. Herein, density functional theory calculations characterized that the recently synthesized U2O@C76 could be U2O@Cs(17 490)-C76 or U2O@C2v(19 138)-C76, whose cages have two or one pentagon adjacencies (PAs) and thus both violate the isolated pentagon rule (IPR). It is noteworthy that they are the first actinide-based ECFs bearing non-IPR outer cages. They are also the first Cs(17 490)- and C2v(19 138)-C76-based oxide ECFs. Moreover, U2O@C2v(19 138)-C76 is the first example of a hexavalent metal cluster within the C2v(19 138)-C76 cage. Interestingly, although trapped by the two same-sized cages, the U2O unit exhibits a bent and a perfect linear configuration, respectively, indicative of the crucial role of cage shape in steering the internal cluster configuration. Their electronic structures can be formally described as (U2O)6+@C766- with primary electrostatic attractions and secondary covalent interactions between cluster and cage. Significantly, bonding analyses reveal that the encaged U2O moiety may only features two three-center, two-electron (3c-2e) U-O-U bonds with completely absent common two-center bonds.

Destination Strategies to Enhance Secondary and Niche Tourism Products: Literature Review and Case Study

The topic of this article is enhancing destination competitiveness, with particular interest to entrepreneurial strategies able to valorise secondary and niche attractions. A literature review reveals that, by means of cooperation, local stakeholders could increase success of mass destinations, while promoting the discovery of niche attractions, with a positive impact on the whole territory. Also, the role of DMOs is important, facilitating cooperation among between private and public stakeholders and among private companies. Destination branding strategies could be set, to define the competitive advantages of a territory, leveraging on synergies among primary and secondary attractions. The specific case study of Liguria is proposed and analysed by means of a questionnaire, spread among potential tourists, so to investigate their perceptions about both the capacity of the territory to offer secondary tourism products and the existence and effectiveness of collaborative strategies among local stakeholders. This Italian region has a tourism concentrated during summertime (bathing season), but possesses other specific features, that could differentiate the offer and potentially attract tourists also in other periods. The questionnaire, in fact, reveals that many tourists also like to explore the inland, which should therefore be further promoted. It also emerges than about 9% of tourists didn’t take advantage of secondary tourism products, not being aware of them, while about 46% believe that secondary attractions could be interesting for tourism, but are not adequately exploited, due to the lack of both strategic cooperation among local businesses and direct promotion.

Paleoindians, paleolakes and paleoplayas: Landscape geoarchaeology of the Tularosa Basin, New Mexico

Karl Butzer was one of the first prehistorians to think about and write about people, ancient and modern, on the landscape. Moreover, as a geomorphologist he knew that past landscapes were as dynamic and varied as they are today — not static entities that formed the backdrop for human activity. That viewpoint is critical in understanding the physical environment faced by humans during the early peopling of the Americas (~13,500 to ~10,000 cal YBP). North America was undergoing rapid environmental changes as the continent was coming out of the last Ice Age. In the southwestern part of the continent large paleolake levels were falling and smaller playa basins were aggrading as the area was occupied by Paleoindian groups such as Clovis, Folsom, and later First Americans. The paleolakes would have provided some resources, but modern gypsum deposits indicate that lake waters were unpotable. Numerous small depressions (playas) scattered around the floor of the Tularosa Basin contain muddy fills that span the Holocene and terminal Pleistocene, indicative of fresher water at least seasonally. Paleoindian sites tend to be clustered around these small basins and along drainages off of the mountains that flank the basin, as well as settings with good viewsheds rather than the main paleolake margins. Paleolakes were dramatic components of the late Pleistocene landscape in the southwest, but likely were not the primary attractions to the First Americans.

Bundling attractions for rural tourism development

ABSTRACTTourism is often regarded as a viable solution to economic crisis, especially for remote areas without many development options. While many tourism destinations have strong cultural or heritage assets, not all destinations have primary attractions that can bring visitors to the region. Rather than developing special interest “themes”, rural areas that do not have enough of any one type of tourism resource to act as a primary draw may consider bundling different attraction types to increase visitation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the preferences of visitors to secondary heritage sites and explore the relationship between heritage tourism and alternative, non-heritage activities in rural areas. Findings revealed that motivation to visit small-scale heritage sites consisted of two dimensions: learning and recreation. The two motivational dimensions influenced visitors’ interest in different heritage attractions and likelihood of visiting heritage tourism “scenarios”. As for alternative activities, there was a cluster of “popular” activities that were enjoyed by both learning-oriented and recreation-oriented respondents, but recreation-oriented visitors were more interested in nature-based activities and sport-related activities than learning-oriented visitors. Findings can help rural communities improve secondary attractions and diversify their tourism product by bundling heritage attractions with non-heritage activities.

The Current Status of Ecotourism Potentials and Challenges in Sheko District, South-Western Ethiopia

Ecotourism encompasses two independent issues: the environmental input and the environmental output. The environmental input is the primary attractions which are potentials: not the level of service or facilities provided as part of a product package, but the geographical factor that leads the tourist to a particular destination. The environmental output is the overall net global cost or benefit of the tour operation to the natural environment. Sheko District harbors much ecotourism potential sites which can attract tourists, assessing the potential attractions and challenges are mandatory for future ecotourism development and supporting sustainable use of natural resource. The study aimed at identifying potentials and challenges of ecotourism development in the area. The data was collected by semi-structured interview, questionnaires and fully fledged field site observation. Some data were also accessed from written documents. The data were analyzed by SPSS. The main identified natural attractions potentials of the grassroots destinations are natural forests, caves, waterfalls, natural hot springs (spa) and natural bridges. The respondents mentioned that deforestation was recorded as one of the major challenges as a result from a rapid population growth. Natural attraction sites in the district were facing many challenges because ecotourism activities were not sustainable. The local community’s subsistent way of life, inappropriate investment activities were an increasing threat to biological diversity including ecotourism attraction sites in the area.

Bitcoin and the Uniform Commercial Code

Much of the discussion of bitcoin in the popular press has concentrated on its status as a currency. Putting aside a vocal minority of radical libertarians and anarchists, however, many bitcoin enthusiasts are concentrating on how its underlying technology – the blockchain – can be put to use for wide variety of uses. For example, economists at the Fed and other central banks have suggested that they should encourage the evolution of bitcoin’s blockchain protocol which might allow financial transactions to clear much efficiently than under our current systems. As such, it also holds out the possibility of becoming that holy grail of commerce – a payment system that would eliminate or minimize the roles of third party intermediaries. In addition, the NASDAQ and a number of issuers are experimenting with using the blockchain to record the issuing and trading of investments securities.In this Article, I examine the implications for bitcoin under the Uniform Commercial Code (the “U.C.C.”). Specifically, I consider three issues. In Part 1, I discuss the characterization of bitcoin – which I am using generically to refer to any virtual or cryptocurrency – under Article 9. The bad news is that it does not, and cannot be made to fit into, the U.C.C.’s definition of “money”. If held directly by the owner, bitcoin constitutes a “general intangible”. Unfortunately, general intangibles are non-negotiable. This could greatly impinge on bitcoin’s liquidity and, therefore, its utility as a payment system.In Part 2, I show how this may be mitigated by the rules of Article 8 governing investment securities. If the owner of bitcoin were to choose to hold it indirectly through a financial intermediary, then she and the intermediary could elect to have it treated as a “financial asset” which is super-negotiable. Unfortunately, this comes at the cost of eliminating one of the primary attractions of cryptocurrency, namely the ability to engage in financial transactions directly without a third-party intermediary. However, Article 8, may already provide a legal regime for another contemplated use for the blockchain – namely as a readily searchable means of recording the ownership and transfer of property generally.In Part 3, I explain how cryptosecurities fall squarely within Article 8's definition of “uncertificated securities.” Ironically, therefore, the creation of bitcoin securities may finally breathe life to little used provisions that were invented almost 40 years ago in a failed attempt to solve a completely different problem.

The Cacique in Chapultepec: Toward a Museology of Carlos Fuentes

The 1960s were a crucial decade for museum building in Mexico. The key year was 1964, the end of Adolfo López Mateos's presidential term, since it saw the inauguration of the Museo de Arte Moderno, the Anahuacalli, the Museo de la Ciudad de México, and the most spectacular of all: the Museo Nacional de Antropología, the architect Pedro Ramírez Vázquez's masterpiece and one of the country's primary tourist attractions. The 1960s also witnessed how Carlos Fuentes, a young writer who had published his first novel in 1958, continued to produce his canonical works at a staggering pace. In what follows, the dialogue between Fuentes's early fiction and the Museo Nacional de Antropología, two of the jewels of Mexican high modernism (always a dialogue with nationalism), not only invites a rereading of their most obvious features—namely, the luminous tension between their structures and their meticulous attention to detail—but also, from the distance of half a century (especially from the vantage point of the PRI's return to power), reveals a series of hitherto unexamined gaps and silences that merit critical attention.

The quays in salford: an analysis of visitor perceptions, satisfaction and behavioural intention

AbstractDespite an extensive literature on urban regeneration, visitor perceptions of urban waterfront destinations and their subsequent outcomes remain largely unexplored. The paper reports the findings from a survey of visitors to the Quays in Salford; it focuses on their perceptions, satisfaction and behavioural intentions. While the primary attractions were found to have an important influence, the secondary elements explain more of the variance in overall satisfaction and intention to return to the Quays and the environmental aspects have a greater influence on visitor intention to recommend the destination. The implications of the findings for destination management and marketing are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Severed Head: As Freudian Drama and as Restoration Comedy

A Severed Head, published in 1961, by the Anglo-Irish author Iris Murdoch, has proved one of her most commercially successful works. One of its primary attractions is that it is about sex. With its themes of marriage, incest and adultery within a group of educated and civilised people dwelling in well-to-do areas of 1950s London, it has been said that A Severed Head anticipates the sexual revolution of a period subsequently dubbed the “Swinging Sixties”. But its roots lie even deeper. It is also possible to see Murdoch's novel as a modern reworking of the licentious Restoration sex comedies penned in the late seventeenth century by such writers as William Wycherley, Sir George Etherege and William Congreve. Murdoch is indebted, too, to Freud. While Freud and Schnitzler believe that man engages in sex because of his fear of death, for Murdoch, love can enlighten and elevate the individual, allowing him to transcend the selfish limitations of self. This possibility is also hinted at in such a Restoration comedy as Congreve's The Way of the World, in the union of Mirabell and Millament. Although A Severed Head is one of the most popular of Murdoch's twenty-five novels because of its emphasis on sex, the author depicts the physical act to explore a wide range of philosophic topics, including the dangers of solipsism and egotism and the life-affirming nature of unselfish love.

The City of Roses—The Green City—Portland, Oregon

Located at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia Rivers in the heart of the Pacific Northwest, Portland was an ideal choice for the joint meeting of the National Council on Public History and the American Society for Environmental History. Incorporated in 1851, Portland is a relatively old city for the American West, yet it is also a thoroughly modern city that celebrates its reputation as the most environmentally friendly or “green” city in the United States. Through historic preservation, Portland has found a way to protect its historic resources and engage in environmentally sustainable forms of modernization. The sites reviewed for this issue of The Public Historian reflect Portland’s environmentalism, its commitment to historic preservation, and its diverse cultural history. Our reviewers visited traditional museums, archives, and historic sites. They also explored the city’s unique offerings in historic preservation and cutting-edge efforts to incorporate green technologies into adaptive reuse projects. We begin with Debbie Bahn’s assessment of the venerable Oregon Historical Society and History Museum. Bahn notes that the museum is one of the primary cultural and historical attractions in Portland and serves as the de facto state museum. As such, the society’s collections, museum, research library, and educational programs seek to address the diverse experience of Oregonians. TPH 32-4 11/30/10 4:32 PM Page 110

Who Benefits?: Tourism Development in Fenghuang County, China

The Chinese government is making tourism an important rural development strategy. Local governments and outside developers jointly manage and develop natural and cultural resources to increase tourism revenues. The government sells development and management rights to large for-profit corporations. This paper examines one such project in Fenghuang County, Hunan Province, where Yellow Dragon Cave Corporation (YDCC) and the local government of Fenghuang County are jointly promoting tourism. Pleasant climate, stunning views, colorful ethnic minority cultures, and the newly discovered and partially restored Ming Dynasty Southern China Great Wall are the primary tourist attractions in Fenghuang County. This project impacts 374,000 people, made up of 29 national minorities and representing 74 percent of the local population. Some researchers argue that this public-private partnership successfully produces profits for developers and creates economic growth. The present research uses a power and scale perspective to identify the preliminary socioeconomic impacts of this capital-intensive development model on local communities. Open-ended interviews with residents, government officials, and business representatives are combined with demographic and economic statistics to identify the decision-makers, document the distribution of social power, and identify the flow of costs and benefits through the tourism system.