Price Of Construction Materials Research Articles

Results of the Far East Mortgage Program for Consumers, Developers, and the Government

The volume of mortgage loans issued in eleven regions of the Far Eastern Federal District at the end of 2023 increased 2.5 times by the start of the Far Eastern Mortgage program in 2020. The most interesting result of the program is an increase in demand for primary real estate and a simultaneous decrease in the affordability of this housing. Since the start of the program, prices have increased by 116% vs. 26% while maintaining historical growth rates. By the end of 2021, the price of an apartment, including interest under the Far East Program, has become higher than that of an apartment while maintaining the historical rate of price appreciation under the family mortgage rate. The program has effectively made housing less affordable. The main conclusion is that for program participants (young families under 35), the most effective benefit of stimulating home buying is lower interest payments, not down payments. The main beneficiaries of rising prices and the scale of lending are developers. Considering the increased price of construction materials, the developers’ margin in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2023 increased to 58%. On the one hand, the government has achieved its goal of boosting the housing market in the Far East and has found an effective tool to encourage young families to buy real estate. This is evidenced by the extension of the program until 2030. On the other hand, several economic shocks led to a significant increase in the key interest rate and the accompanying growth of the program implementation costs.

Value Engineering Building Structure Civil Servent Paspampres PUPR Precast with Lead Rubber Bearing Potential Fault Zone

Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis is a method that can be used to control initial costs and future costs in investing in a project where in this case the use of Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) technology. The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic value of a building by taking into account the cost of operating the building during the life cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on life cycle cost analysis to find out what costs are contained in the ASN Paspampres, IKN Flat Construction Project and to be able to find out how much costs are incurred starting from the design stage to the age of the building plan that has been determined. The data used are Plan Drawings, Cost Budget Plans (RAB) from the project and literature studies that support the research. The estimated cost of replacement and repair in the future is calculated on present value, with an economic life of building construction for 50 years with a simulation of an earthquake occurring only 1 time, assuming 6% interest, assuming an inflation rate of 2.61%, an increase in the price of construction materials and Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) per year of 0.99%. Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis based on 4 system categories is that conventional LCC is greater than precast LCC, conventional LCC + LRB and precast LCC + LRB. Based on the value of Conventional LCC + LRB and Precast LCC + LRB is still more efficient than Conventional LCC and precast LCC, if the earthquake event is below the 12th year for Conventional LCC + LRB and the earthquake event is below 38 years for precast LCC + LRB. The deviation value between conventional LCC + LRB decreases over time until it approaches zero deviation (0) near the 12th year and after that year (12th) the deviation becomes negative. This means that after the 12th year Conventional LCC + LRB is already inefficient compared to Conventional LCC. The deviation value between Precast LCC + LRB decreases over time until it approaches zero deviation (0) near the 38th year and after that year (38th) the deviation becomes negative. This means that after the 38th year Precast LCC + LRB is no longer efficient compared to Conventional LCC.

Significant factors affecting the Vietnam Roads Infrastructure Construction Cost Overrun - A Review

Cost overrun represents a significant challenge faced in construction projects, particularly in the realm of transportation infrastructure. The investigation into the causes of cost overruns in such projects has garnered substantial attention from both academics and the general public. Various studies conducted globally have identified diverse factors contributing to cost overruns. This article undertakes a critical review of the literature on cost overruns in construction projects, encompassing cases from different countries with a specific focus on Vietnam. The aim is to identify and comprehend the primary potential causes of cost overruns in construction projects across various geographical contexts, providing insights into both commonalities and distinctions within the identified factors. According to the findings of this study, the ten identified factors encompassing Delay in site clearance certificates, Change Management, Delay in Payment, Extension of the project implementation schedule, Construction Material Price Fluctuation, Effects of inflation and price slippage, Poor construction site management, Poor project management capacity of the investor, Poor financial capacity of the investor, Geological complexity are deemed highly influential and warrant close scrutiny during the implementation of projects in Vietnam. The insights gained from this study will serve as invaluable recommendations for active entities within the construction industry to adopt a more holistic approach to project management, cost control, and cost overrun management. By addressing quantitatively these factors in the forthcoming research, organizations in construction industries in Vietnam can effectively minimize project costs overrun in the future.

Empirical Study for Capturing and Allocating Significant Risk Factors in School Construction Projects in Iraq

In Iraq, more than 1031 school projects have been halted due to disputes and claims resulting from financial, contractual, or other issues. This research aims to identify, prioritize, and allocate the most critical risk factors that threaten these projects’ success for the duration (2017-2022). Based on a multi-step methodology developed through systematic literature reviews, realistic case studies, and semi-structured interviews, 47 risk factors were identified. Based on 153 verified responses, the survey reveals that the top-ranked risk factors are corruption and bribery, delaying the payments of the financial dues to the contractors or sub-contractors, absence of risk management strategy, multiple change orders due to changing designs and specifications during construction; inaccuracy in time and budget estimation; construction material price; financial and economic crisis/financial instability; selecting the contractor only based on the lowest bid, regardless of technical competence; instability within the political system of the government/instability of the government as a client; foreign exchange rates fluctuate against the Iraqi dinar. The study also showed that the respondents recommended allocating four risks to the owner, eight risk factors to the contractor, one risk to the consultant, and 32 factors allocated as shared. The study concluded that the results could help identify the most critical risks facing this type of project and the contracting party that can bear the risks and manage them efficiently.

Evaluation of Project Budget Due to Price Fluctuations Based on Digital Technology in Factory Construction Projects

The development of industrial construction requires adequate resources to avoid the failure and risk of the project. The resources required are materials (building materials), human resources (human resources), machines (equipment), capital (money), methods (methods of implementation), timing, and information on the implementation of the construction. According to data from the Central Statistical Agency (BPS), wages of labor in Indonesia of Rs. 2.89 million increased by 1.12% by 2022. In addition, the price of construction materials has also increased, such as steel, steel bones, concrete, and other construction materials. Especially steel price increases, starting in the second year of the pandemic, have risen about 30%–40%. Generally, the construction of factory buildings uses more steel profiles for the construction of warehouses—storage of raw materials or warehousing of production sites. This has a huge impact on the project budget that has been estimated prior to material price fluctuations. Therefore, the re-evaluation of the project budget in PT. XYZ, which has been estimated by the company at Rp. 219.5 billion, has a total budget change to Rp. 276.1 billion.

The Effect of Geographical Conditions on the Role of the Special Autonomy Fund for the Availability of Road Infrastructure in Papua

This study identifies the relationship of the Special Autonomy Fund (DOK) to Road Infrastructure by looking at variations in the Construction Cost Index as a proxy that describes the geographical conditions in Papua. Infrastructure development is a sector that is expected to accelerate the provision of basic infrastructure to reduce the development gap. However, the success of infrastructure development in Papua is inseparable from geographical factors. By using data from 29 regencies/cities in Papua Province and 11 regencies/cities in West Papua Province from 2010 to 2020, to determine the correlation of the Special Autonomy Fund on Road Infrastructure, the fixed effect panel data method and the moderating regression model were used to see if the moderating variable Construction Cost Index can strengthen or weaken the relationship of the Special Autonomy Fund to Road Infrastructure. This study found a positive relationship between the Special Autonomy Fund on Road Infrastructure and identified a negative moderating of the Construction Cost Index variable on the relationship of the Special Autonomy Fund to Road Infrastructure. This shows that the higher the Construction Cost Index, the higher the price of construction materials, increasing the total cost of road infrastructure development. As a result, the Special Autonomy Fund allocated is only able to buy fewer road construction materials, which has an impact on the reduced quantity of road infrastructure built in the provinces of Papua and West Papua.

Analysis Of The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Construction Industry Sector

Accelerating infrastructure development in Indonesia is a good thing, but this is not without problems. The COVID-19 pandemic is a problem that has a large and global impact, not least in Indonesia, especially in the construction industry sector. The construction project of the Soedono Madiun Hospital is one of the construction projects that have experienced the direct impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review and analyze the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on construction projects in the case study of the construction project of the Soedono Madiun Hospital, and to find out the biggest impact of the covid-19 pandemic which has the most influence on construction projects in the case study of the construction project of the Soedono Hospital. Madison.
 The research method used to determine the biggest impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the cost and time aspects is the multiple linear regression analysis method with the help of Microsoft Excel. The other data analysis methods used in this study were the validity and reliability tests used in testing the questionnaire.
 The results of data analysis conducted in this study indicate that there are seven independent variables affect the dependent variable, namely the suitability of planning and project realization with the equation y= 94.186-0.376x1-0.108x2-1.014x3+0.873x4 for the time aspect, and the equation y=87,009 -0.0006x5-0.001x6-0.0002x7 for the cost aspect. With this equation, it can be seen that the independent variable that has the most influence on the dependent variable on the time aspect is the independent variable X3, namely the change in the time schedule due to delays in the arrival of construction materials by 1.014, while in the cost aspect is the independent variable X6, namely changes in costs due to instability. the price of construction materials is 0.001. So, it is hoped that there will be a project management handling that focuses on the most influential variable, namely construction materials.

Impacts Of Environment On Building Construction Projects On Woliata Sodo Town

The environmental impacts have become a series of problems in today’s construction environments. Environmental conditions can have an adverse impact on the duration, cost, and quality of construction activities. This study is conducted to describe and point out the impact of the environment on building construction projects in sodo town. The contractor can estimate the Productivity loss due to the impact of environment on construction activity can be either partial or complete: partial loss is generally attributed to reduced labor productivity and work stoppage which interrupt those activities. This study organized by using questioners. The research basically focused on identifying and quantifying different environmental impacts that can affect the construction progresses. As the research result the escalation of construction material price, the availability of construction materials around the area and the involvement of different construction parties and the climatic condition of the environments are the main findings that we have got from our analysis. Generally, this research guides to meet future demands for sustainable environmental development, economic development, expansion of different construction infrastructure for sodo town. Many contractors found in this area fall over different environmental challenges. So to overcome these problems, are some requirements expected from different parties. To minimize those environmental impacts the construction parties should make a detail feasible study about the overall environmental conditions of sodo town before they decided to start up any construction works.

Problems and Solutions of Construction Budget Overruns in China's Engineering Projects

The rapid development of the construction industry has driven the construction of engineering projects in China. However, there are currently many construction projects with budget overruns, resulting in reduced economic benefits of the project. Therefore, this paper elaborates the importance of construction budget of engineering projects, and then proposes the reasons for construction budget overrun of engineering projects: imperfect construction budget plan, lack of supervision in the implementation of construction budget plan, insufficient level of cost management personnel, and construction materials affected by the supply market. Finally, we propose measures to solve the budget overrun of engineering project construction: improve the project construction budget plan, strengthen the supervision of the implementation of the project budget plan, improve the professional skills of budget staff, and stabilize the supply price of construction materials.

Strength Comparison of Bamboo and Steel Reinforcement in Mud Concrete

The authors have designed mud concrete, by replacing cement with Over the past decade the price of construction materials like cement, aggregates, steel etc. have increased many folds, making it difficult for rural people to afford the cost of construction. The biggest problem of reinforced cement concrete (RCC) structures is corrosion of steel, as well as carbon footprint. Locally available Red soil, Fly Ash and achieved an approximate strength 20 MPa meeting the requirements of IS 456:2000 as the minimum grade suggested for RCC structures. This research paper discusses the viability of using bamboo bars as an alternative to steel reinforcement bars in mud concrete. In this research five mix design variations are designed as per IS 10262-2009, control mix (M20), 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of partially replaced cement. Each variation comprised of locally available Red Soil (mud), and Fly ash in 2:1 ratio and lime as fixed 5%. Bamboo and steel bars of diameter 12 mm are used. Beam (Prism) of size 500 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm were casted with bamboo and steel reinforcement bars in single and double layers. These were cured and tested in flexure at 7 and 28 days as per IS 516-2002.The results between the beams of all variations are compared. It is found that the beam with doubly reinforced bamboo bars of 50% cement replacement gave similar results to M20 doubly reinforced steel bars with the added advantage of elimination of corrosion, decrease in self weight and non brittle breakage.

Studi Penyebab Keterlambatan Penyelesaian Proyek-Proyek Infrastruktur di Kota Binjai

Pemerintah Kota Binjai melalui Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Binjai setiap tahunnya menyiapkan anggaran untuk pembangunan kotanya melalui proyek-proyek konstruksi gedung dan infrastruktur. Seperti kota-kota lainnya di Indonesia, sekitar 60% sampai dengan 70% proyek konstruksi mengalami keterlambatan, begitu pula halnya di Kota Binjai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan mendapatkan pengetahuan terkait dengan penyebab keterlambatan yang sering terjadi pada pelaksanaan proyek-proyek konstruksi, menganalisis penyebab yang paling dominan, serta memberikan masukan/saran pencegahan keterlambatan di masa depan. Metode sampel acak strata proporsional menjadi teknik pengambilan sampel karena populasi yang tidak homogen dan berstrata secara proporsional. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuisioner dengan penyebab keterlambatan proyek terangkum dalam 7 kategori dengan 35 variabel. Terdapat 15 proyek konstruksi yang menjadi objek penelitian dengan 32 responden di mana dari pihak pemilik proyek (owner) sebanyak 15 responden, pihak pelaksana proyek (kontraktor) sebanyak 12 responden dan konsultan supervisi sebanyak 5 responden. Harga barang-barang konstruksi yang secara berkesinambungan terus meningkat menjadi hal terpenting/dominan yang perlu diperhatikan dengan persentase sebesar 42%. Terdapat beda pandangan antara pemilik proyek (owner) yang menyatakan bahwa gangguan keamanan selama proyek berlangsung yang menjadi penyebab keterlambatan. Sedangkan kontraktor/konsultan supervisi menyatakan harga barang-barang konstruksi yang secara berkesinambungan terus meningkat tersebut yang menjadi penyebab keterlambatan penyelesaian proyek konstruksi gedung dan infrastrukstur di Kota Binjai. Perencanaan yang baik, detail dan matang sesuai dengan kebutuhan serta mudah dipahami dan diaplikasikan di lapangan sehingga diperoleh konstruksi yang tepat dengan biaya yang ekonomis menjadi masukan/saran responden yang paling diharapkan sehingga di masa depan proyek konstruksi dapat diselesaikan tepat waktu sesuai dengan yang direncanakan.
 
 Kata Kunci: Penyebab Keterlambatan, Proyek Konstruksi, Indeks Kepentingan

The Impact of Financial Problems Related to Investment Projects in Iraq

This paper investigates the problems that face the process of investment financially in Iraq. The decision to finance and search for the appropriate sources of funding for the project is one of the most important topics facing the path of projects and investors in light of the limited alternatives available and this decision will ultimately affect the success of the project in the future and continuity. The investment process in Iraq in the current time suffers from a list of problems (Lack of specialized investment banks to finance investment projects, the Weak role of financial institutions in providing banking facilities, Suspension of funding of projects by their financiers, Austerity due to the financial crisis has adversely affected the financial allocations of bodies, Lack of stability in the price of construction materials; and government delays in paying dues to private sector companies).It has been found that (37%) of the investment projects in Iraq have been stopped in the period from (2008-2017). The accumulation of financial benefits on loans taken by the private sector and its companies from banks and public and financial institutions due to delay in repaying these loans (4.6), and government delays in paying dues to private sector companies (4.5), which means that these two problems are affecting highly and negatively on the investment process. Several solutions are discussed to be benefit in solving the investment financial problems in Iraq.

Investigating Main Causes for Schedule Delay in Construction Projects in Bangladesh

Abstract: Delay is the most common problem in the construction industry. It has many negative effects on project’ s success in terms of time, cost, quality, and safety. From the literature review, a total of thirty-five factors of delay were selected. These factors were divided into seven groups related to materials, manpower, owner, consultant, contractor, construction, and external problems. This study was carried out to identify the main causes of delay for a construction project through their importance level. The importance level was determined based on the frequency of occurrence and severity of impact. The structured questionnaire has distributed to the respondents who have much experience in construction management in Bangladesh. The results of analysis indicated that top five factors of construction delay according to their level of importance are: (1) price of construction materials increased very rapidly, (2) political situation (revolution/ public strikes), (3) shortages of skilled workers, (4) poor site management and supervision by contractor, (5) incompetent/ immature subcontractors. These findings of this study are expected to be significant contributions to Bangladesh construction industry in controlling current performance of project on time overrun. Keywords: Delay, Cause, Construction project, Bangladesh

Study and Rate Analysis of Escalation in Construction industry

The project is said to be successful when it is completed in desired time and cost. The construction delays are common problems in private residential projects in Chennai city. This problem occurs frequently during life time leading to dispute and litigations. Therefore it is essential to study and analyse .causes of construction delay. The construction industry is large, volatile and requires tremendous capital outlays. Delay of the project is a main factor and major cause of construction claims. There is an acute necessity for a detailed investigation to identify the delay factors and choose correct actions to minimize the adverse effect of delay on time, within cost and for high quality output I. General The construction industry has a major role in the development of the Indian economy. This industry consumes 40 to 50% of the national five year plan outlay and contributes 20% of gross domestic product. Medium to large construction projects take over a year for completion and the cost of materials and labour often increase, which leads to major problems in administration of the contract. Over the past few years the construction industry has been facing several problems due to rapid increase in the price of construction materials, labour, interest charges and equipment cost. Rate escalation is defined as changes in the cost or price of specific goods or services in a given economy over a period. This is a similar to the concepts of inflation and deflation except that escalation is specific to an item or class of items, it is often not primarily driven by changes in the money supply, and it tends to be less sustained. While escalation includes general inflation related to the money supply, it is also driven by changes in technology, practices, and particularly supply and demand imbalances that are specific to a good or service in a given economy. For example, while general inflation in the US was less than 5% in the 2003-2007 time period, steel prices increased by over 50% because of supply-demand imbalance. Cost escalation may contribute to a project cost overrun. In particular, this increase has been a major problem to the construction industry. In order to find out the percentage increase in cost of construction, a study and analysis has been done in this project Problems And Issues Due To Rate Escalation Price escalations have been affecting the construction industry during the last year causing many problems and many developers to rethink projects. Price escalation produces delays in construction projects, reduced scope projects or projects being cancelled. Escalation clauses could also impact public projects adversely due to the fact that prices being submitted are not being guaranteed during long period of time. In the past, general contractors were able to hold subcontractors and suppliers to their quotes for 60 days, 90 days or 120 days. Because of escalation fears, owners are finding fewer bidders for their projects, some projects need to find alternatives funding sources or canceling the project if additional money is not available. Contractor and supplier fears regarding potential, future price escalation, and the absence of price escalation clauses in most construction contracts, often leads to higher contract prices and larger project costs. 1.3 SCOPE

The influence that a rise of an import materials price gives production cost of construction material

In late years a rise of import prices of natural resources used as materials of many activity continues and gives our country big influence. I push up industrial production cost to need import materials, and import prices remarkable rise of materials suppresses corporate profits. And an upheaval of production cost spreads to the influence for the other industry through price imputation, and naturally production cost of construction material takes the influence, too.Therefore there is it for the purpose of examining the influence that a rise of import prices of materials gives production cost of construction material in this study. At first, in this examination, I examined the ripple effect that a rise of import prices of materials gave to a construction material price with an equilibrium price model. In addition, I clarified the change of influence by using data of plural years and considered a change factor of influence.

Using Past Experiences to Develop an Early Warning System for Thailand’s Property Market

This paper has a two-fold purpose. First, it analyzes the causes, effects and consequences of speculative bubbles, and Thailand’s past real estate crises. The role of excessive credit extended by financial institutions is discussed as the main cause of real estate bubbles. Excessive credit is also believed to have been the major cause of passthrough financial imbalances and economic instability. Second, an early warning system for predicting a property-market crisis is created using two approaches: signal analysis and probability analysis. It shows that there are two leading indicators; the “ratio of post-finance to bank loans” and the “percentage increases in the price of construction materials”, that currently exceed the threshold level are signaling a future real estate crisis. However, the interest rate, which the models reveal as the most significant indicator of a crisis, is still far below the threshold level. Moreover, many financial institutions are currently offering competitive incentives for fixed-rate loans of, say, 1-3 years, to buyers of houses. For all these reasons, the probability of a real estate crisis in Thailand is quite low for the next 1-2 years, i.e., 2005-2007. However, neither model treats the potential impact of other incidents, such as restructuring of the financial system, proper bank monitoring and new urban planning, all of which could change the overall structure of the economy.