Previous Acute Infection Research Articles

Visual evoked potential abnormalities in patients with COVID-19.

It has been suggested that diseases that may cause visual evoked potential abnormality, such as optic neuritis, may be associated with the coronavirus disease 2019. This study aimed to find out whether there are visual evoked potential abnormalities in coronavirus disease 2019 patients using pattern reversal visual evoked potential and flash visual evoked potential. Patients with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019 patients) and controls were included in this prospective case-control study. This study was conducted in the Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory of Adana City Training and Research Hospital. Individuals without visual impairment were included. Coronavirus disease 2019 patients were required to have clinical features consistent with previous acute infection and a positive nose swab polymerase chain reaction test. Visual evoked potential was applied to coronavirus disease 2019 patients between July 2020 and July 2021. Controls consisted of patients without a history of chronic disease who underwent a visual evoked potential study between June 2017 and June 2018 due to headache or dizziness. Pattern reversal visual evoked potential and flash visual evoked potential were applied to all participants. N75, P100, and N135 waves obtained from pattern reversal visual evoked potential and P1, N1, P2, N2, P3, and N3 waves obtained from flash visual evoked potential were analyzed. A total of 44 coronavirus disease 2019 patients and 40 controls were included in the study. Age and gender were not different between the two groups. Pattern reversal visual evoked potential parameters were not different between the two groups. Right P2 latency was 114.4±21.1 and 105.5±14.7 ms in coronavirus disease 2019 patients and controls, respectively (p=0.031). Patients with P100 and P2 wave abnormalities were 6 (13.6%) and 13 (29.6%), respectively. This study showed that there may be visual evoked potential abnormalities in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.

Bilateral Chronic Active Otitis Media associated with Tonsillitis and Allergic Rhino Conjunctivitis in a 26 month old boy

Chronic Otitis media is a permanent abnormality on the tympanic membrane following a long-standing middle ear infection emanating from a previous acute infection. Patients usually present with persistent drainage from the middle ear. It may be accompanied by complications such as septicemia, meningitis, brain abscess, facial paralysis, and deafness in children. Associated rhino-conjunctivitis is not common but this case presented with clinical features of chronic active otitis media, tonsillitis, and allergic rhino-conjunctivitis.

Bilateral chronic active Otitis media associated with tonsillitis, and allergic rhino-conjunctivitis in a 26-month-old boy: A case report

Chronic Otitis media is a permanent abnormality on the tympanic membrane following a long-standing middle ear infection emanating from a previous acute infection. Patients usually presentwith persistent drainage from the middle ear. It may be accompanied by complications such assepticemia, meningitis, brain abscess, facial paralysis, and deafness in children. Associatedrhino-conjunctivitis is not common but this case presented with clinical features of chronic activeotitis media, tonsillitis, and allergic rhino-conjunctivitis.

Frontiers in functional dyspepsia

Functional dyspepsia (FD) refers to unexplained pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen and is commonly seen in gastroenterology practice. The underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with FD are unclear, although traditionally, delayed gastric emptying, visceral hypersensitivity to acid or mechanical distention, and impaired gastric accommodation have been implicated as putative physiologic disturbances. It also remains uncertain whether FD and irritable bowel syndrome are different presentations of the same disorder. Recent data on pathophysiologic mechanisms of FD have focused on postprandial motor disturbances (accelerated gastric emptying, antral-fundic incoordination, and abnormal phasic contractions), alterations of neurohormonal mechanisms in response to a meal, and previous acute infection. Pharmacologic therapies for FD may be guided by these novel mechanisms, as current available therapeutic options are limited. Novel prokinetics and gastric accommodation modulators, visceral analgesics, and agents targeting the neurohormonal response to food ingestion are the next therapeutic frontiers in FD. This review summarizes traditional knowledge and more recent advances in the pathophysiology of FD and potential therapeutic opportunities.