Prevention Of Back Pain Research Articles

Risk Factors for Developing Occupational Back Pain in Electronics Industry Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Back pain is an occupation-related problem among workforces. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the prevalence of back pain and the risk factors of occupational back pain among workers in the electronics industry. In total, 354 electronics workers in Thailand participated in the study. Data were collected using the Musculoskeletal Disorders Severity and Frequency Questionnaire, the Job Content Questionnaire, and ergonomics risk assessment via the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Risk factors of back pain were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis, providing adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The study found that most workers were operators (92.09%) and had repetitive work (83.62%). A high ergonomics risk was observed in workers who stood during work (68.49%) and operated machines (71.70%). The 1-month prevalence of developing back pain was 20.62% and the significant factors correlated with back pain were low levels of job control and decision-making (ORadj = 2.26; 95% CI [1.26 ,4.05]), lack of exercise (ORadj = 8.30; 95% CI [1.35, 24.28]), repetitive work (ORadj = 2.94; 95% CI [1.19, 7.29]), and high ergonomic risk level (ORadj = 2.81; 95% CI [1.16, 5.07]). These findings suggest that measures should be implemented by empowering electronics workers to make decisions and control their jobs, as well as promoting health through muscle-stretching exercise, to support back pain prevention.

The prevalence of occupational-related low back pain among working populations in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionWork-related musculoskeletal disorders represent a major public health problem, contributing significantly to the global burden of disability-adjusted life years and affecting the quality of life of all population groups. The main problem in most musculoskeletal disorders is low back pain. Therefore, our study aims to identify the overall prevalence of work-related low back pain among the working population in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsResearch published between 2010 and 2023 in English, conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa was included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Using Boolean logic operators and targeted keywords, we searched for publications on a number of electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Science Direct). The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal techniques were utilized to conduct a quality assessment of the papers and ascertain their relevance to the study. The degree of heterogeneity among the included studies, the 95% confidence interval, and the pooled prevalence were estimated using a random effects model. Sensitivity studies were carried out to determine the causes of heterogeneity and the impact of outliers.ResultsIn this study, a total of 970 articles were retrieved, and 35 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall estimated pooled prevalence of low back pain among the working population in sub-Saharan Africa was (55.05% [95% CI: 49.34, 60.76]). Based on a sub-group analysis by countries, the higher pooled prevalence of low back pain was found in Uganda at (61.48% [95% CI: 40.39, 82.57]), while the lower pooled prevalence of low back pain was in Ghana at (34.48% [95% CI: 17.96, 51.01]).ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis found that 55.05% of the included study participants experienced low back pain in the previous years. Therefore, it is recommended that policymakers incorporate and enhance strategies for the prevention and management of low back pain within the health system management guidelines of each country.

Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver is Less Effective for Core Stability During High Load Tasks: A Systematic Review

Context: The abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) is a technique commonly used to activate deep core muscles for the prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain. However, its benefits during high-load tasks (HLT) are unclear. Objectives: The primary objective of this article is to review the literature to determine whether the use of ADIM enhances core stabilization during HLT. Additionally, we will examine if other factors, beyond load, could influence the effectiveness of this activation maneuver. Methods: A search was conducted using PubMed databases for studies that compared interventions using ADIM to those without ADIM. The literature search spanned from January 1981 to March 2024. Only studies that included kinematic assessments were selected. Results: The search yielded 359 studies, of which 24 were included in the final analysis. Task load was analyzed based on Mottram and Comerford's criteria, alongside other approaches such as the source of the perturbation applied to the subject and body position. In conditions using ADIM, better performance was observed in only 16.66% of interventions with HLT, whereas other conditions (OC) without ADIM performed better in 83.33% of interventions using HLT. When core stability was tested against external perturbations, ADIM was less effective in all scenarios. In lying positions, ADIM performed better in 4 tasks, while OC performed better in 2. In upright positions, ADIM was more effective in 7 tasks, while OC performed better in 6. Conclusions: The findings suggest that ADIM should not be used if the goal is to train core stability and strength during HLT. Abdominal drawing-in maneuver was less effective for stabilizing the core during tasks involving external perturbations, and its use was also less effective in upright positions.

The use of an online learning module to improve knowledge for prevention of back pain and injury in industrial workers.

Back pain is a significant public health problem that accounts for a high percentage of morbidity and disability worldwide. Low back pain is a frequent cause of missed workdays and job-specific disability and is associated with poor outcomes for employees and employers. An online learning module that focused on normal anatomy of the spine, common pathophysiologic diagnosis or findings that may contribute to back pain, and techniques for back pain reduction was created for employees at risk due to the nature of their labor-intensive jobs. This module also contained case studies and graphics that demonstrated ways to reduce risks or hazards by incorporating job-specific changes in the work environment. A mixed method statistical analysis of knowledge change was completed after participation in the online module. This demonstrated that participants had a marked increase in knowledge in all areas examined. In addition, participants perceived the module as beneficial for grasping anatomical concepts, understanding injury prevention and management strategies, valuing the shared information, leveraging visual aids, and applying practical examples per qualitative questions answered. Participants gained knowledge that can be used on the job to decrease risk of sustaining back pain or injury. The intervention approach enhances the understanding of back pain among industrial workers and holds profound implications for public health on a broader scale. Monitoring population health and preventing back pain and injury while at work is essential for safety and is also a core competency in public health.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Active Stretching of the Hamstrings and Core Control for Low Back Pain and Musculoskeletal Discomfort during Prolonged Sitting among Young People.

Introduction: Stretching exercises are important in both the prevention and treatment of nonspecific low back pain (NLBP). The aim of this trial was to determine whether an 8-week active hamstring stretching protocol combined with core stabilization and education regarding the maintenance of a neutral lumbar spine during activities could reduce NLBP and low back discomfort during prolonged sitting among young people. Methods: Participants (52 students aged 18-25) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the Experimental group (the hamstring stretching group) and the Control group (only education). The intervention was conducted for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measures were pain intensity (VAS), low back discomfort (LBD), and functional disability (ODI). The secondary outcome measures were satisfaction with the intervention (GPE) and flexibility of the hamstring (SLR). Results: After the 8-week intervention in the E-group, results of VAS, ODI, and LBD were significantly lower comparing to baseline. In the C-group, no significant differences were observed. After the exercises program, there were differences between the E-group and C-group in VAS, LBD, GPE, and SLR tests (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions: In conclusion, our study provides compelling evidence that an eight-week program of active hamstring stretching and core stabilization exercises can significantly reduce NLBP and musculoskeletal discomfort during prolonged sitting in young adults. These findings highlight the importance of targeted exercise interventions in managing and preventing NLBP, particularly among sedentary populations. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and explore their applicability to broader populations and over extended periods.

Implementation of back to living well, a community-based program for the tertiary prevention of low back pain: a study protocol

BackgroundThe current literature supports the effectiveness of exercise, education, and self-management interventions for the long-term management of persistent low back pain. However, there is significant uncertainty about the implementation of interventions related to barriers, facilitators, and patient’s preferences. This study will evaluate the Back to Living Well program implementation from a participant and organizational perspective. More specifically we address the following objectives: 1) identify program barriers and facilitators from participants’ perspectives, 2) identify factors related to program, personal and contextual factors that contribute to negative and positive outcomes, and outcome trajectories, 3) identify factors influencing participants’ selection of an in-person or e-health program, and 4) evaluate program specific barriers and facilitators from the organization and care delivery perspectives.MethodsThis study will utilize a mixed-method convergent design including a longitudinal cohort strand and a longitudinal qualitative interview strand. The RE-AIM framework will be used to assess program implementation. Participants (n = 90, 1:1: in person or virtual) who choose to register in the program as well as staff (n = 10 to 15) involved in the delivery of the program will be invited to participate. Participants will participate in a 12-week physical activity, education, and self-management program. Implementation outcomes will be measured at 3-, 6-, 12-months, and six months after the end of the follow-ups. Interview scripts and directed content analysis will be constructed based on the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Neuromatrix Model of Pain, Theoretical Domains Framework. Staff interviews will be constructed and analyzed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Participants will also complete pain, disability, quality of life and psychological questionnaires, wear an activity tracker at all time points, and complete weekly pain and activity limitation questions using a mobile application.DiscussionThe study results will provide evidence to inform potential future implementation of the program. An effective, appropriately targeted, and well implemented exercise program for the long-term management (i.e., tertiary prevention) of LBP could minimize the burden of the condition on patients, the health care system and society.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05929846. This (Registration Date: July 3 2023) study has been approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board Project ID#15,354.

Exercises for the prevention of non-specific low back pain.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effects of exercise alone or exercise plus education compared with inactive control or education alone to prevent non-specific LBP.

Lower Back Pain Prevention Education In The Community In Sidodadi Village, Beringin District

Low back pain (LBP) is characterized by pain, muscle tension, or stiffness localized below the ribs and above the crease of the buttocks, with or without leg pain. It can be categorized as non-specific LBP, a serious condition, or a radicular syndrome. Classifying LBP as acute (lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-acute (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks) can aid in prognosis and guide management. Predictors of persistent disability from LBP include genetics, symptoms, lifestyle, social and psychological factors, and comorbidities. 7 However, no single risk factor is strongly predictive. The mechanisms of action of these risk factors are still unknown, but sleep disturbances and severe stress, for example, may lead to excessive activation of glial cells and thus to low-grade inflammation, leading to central sensitization, i.e. widespread pain. The implementation of community service activities was carried out through notification via the information platform at the village office with a sample of 15 residents in Sidodi Village, Beringin District. It is recommended that residents maintain their health, especially physically, so that, in addition, it is also recommended to continue to pay attention to or apply a healthy daily lifestyle and maintain their physical condition so that they remain healthy.

The implementation study of nurses’ work related low back pain prevention and care guideline: A quasi-experimental study

AimTo understand the implementation process and outcomes of nurses' work related low back pain (WLBP) prevention and care guideline. BackgroundWLBP is a common occupational injury for clinical nurses. We developed the first evidence-based guideline of nurses' WLBP prevention and care of its kind both at home and abroad, and it is necessary for us to explore its feasibility, appropriateness and effectiveness in practice. MethodsBased on the model of the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services, we performed a four-phase implementation study in a tertiary hospital. The study was a non-randomized concurrent controlled trial design，and multilevel measures were examined including implementation outcomes and clinical outcomes. ResultsFor the implementation outcomes, the tailored recommendations of the guideline were found to be acceptable, appropriate, feasible, and well adopted both at the unit level and the hospital level. The clinical outcomes indicated that, compared with the control unit, nurses of the treatment unit performed better in awareness, knowledge, practice of WLBP prevention and care. ConclusionsThe implementation study supports the successful application of the guideline, which can serve as a valuable evidence-based document to improve back health of nursing personnel.

Towards a pain-free life for the elderly: The role of physiotherapy in low back pain prevention education

Low Back Pain (LBP) sufferers often experience sharp pain triggered by certain postures or movements, which improves after rest and worsens after activity. Signs of inflammation such as heat, discoloration, or swelling are rarely observed. The aim of this activity is to provide appropriate education on treatment to prevent increased pain and changes in posture due to LBP, by offering Neuromuscular Taping (NMT) Treatment and William flexion exercises. This activity employs various approaches, including Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and distribution of leaflets on the role of physiotherapy in LBP education and prevention, as well as educational interventions on neuromuscular taping application and William flexion exercises. This activity yields significant benefits for the health and well-being of LBP sufferers, evidenced by a substantial reduction in pain (p&lt;0.001), with a mean VAS score decreasing from 6.93 ± 0.73 before treatment to 4.07 ± 0.83 after treatment.

Assessment of the Effects of Physiotherapy on Back Care and Prevention of Non-Specific Low Back Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) in children and adolescents has increased in recent years, and the evidence of the physiotherapy interventions in back care needs to be updated. Our main goal was to quantify the effects of preventive physiotherapy interventions on improving behavior and knowledge related to back care and prevention of NSLBP in children and adolescents. Based on two previous meta-analyses, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PEDro, Web of Science, LILACS, IBECS, PsycINFO, and IME databases and several journals were searched. Two researchers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias in the studies using the RoB2 tool. Data were described according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 24 studies (28 reports) were included. In the posttest, the behavior variable obtained an overall effect size of d+ = 1.48 (95%CI: 0.40 to 2.56), and the knowledge variable obtained an effect size of d+ = 1.41 (95%CI: 1.05 to 1.76). Physiotherapy has demonstrated beneficial impacts on behavior and knowledge concerning back care and to prevent NSLBP in children and adolescents. Interventions focusing on postural hygiene and exercise should be preferred, especially those that are shorter in number of weeks, more intense, and incorporate as many intervention hours as possible.

Prevention of non-specific back pain through exercise and education: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical practice guidelines stress the importance of prevention and treatment of non-specific back pain through exercise therapy. However, it has not yet been confirmed whether the combination of exercise plus education is more effective than such interventions taken separately. To determine if the combination of exercise plus education is more effective for the prevention of non-specific back pain than exercise or education alone. A systematic search of studies whose sample consisted of participants without non-specific back pain (primary prevention) and participants with non-specific back pain (secondary and tertiary prevention) was conducted in the following databases in March 2023: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline. A total of 16articles were selected. Statistically significant results were found in the pain variable with SMD =-2.02 (95% CI =-2.71 to -1.33; p< 0.001), the disability variable with SMD =-1.14 (95% CI =-1.63 to -0.65; p< 0.001), and the kinesiophobia variable with SMD =-1.8 (95% CI =-2.54 to -1.05; p< 0.001). Interventions that combine exercise and education seem to have a greater preventive effect on non-specific back pain, disability and kinesiophobia than those that include exercise or education in an isolated manner.

MMD-MSD: A Multimodal Multisensory Dataset in Support of Research and Technology Development for Musculoskeletal Disorders

Improper sitting positions are known as the primary reason for back pain and the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among individuals who spend prolonged time working with computer screens, keyboards, and mice. At the same time, it is well understood that automated technological tools can play an important role in the process of unhealthy habit alteration, so plenty of research efforts are focused on research and technology development (RTD) activities that aim to provide support for the prevention of back pain or the development of MSDs. Here, we report on creating a new resource in support of RTD activities aiming at the automated detection of improper sitting positions. It consists of multimodal multisensory recordings of 100 persons, made with a video recorder, camera, and wrist-attached sensors that capture physiological signals (PPG, EDA, skin temperature), as well as motion sensors (three-axis accelerometer). Our multimodal multisensory dataset (MMD-MSD) opens new opportunities for modeling the body stance (sitting posture and movements), physiological state (stress level, attention, emotional arousal and valence), and performance (success rate on the Stroop test) of people working with a computer. Finally, we demonstrate two use cases: improper neck posture detection from pictures, and task-specific cognitive load detection from physiological signals.

Investigating and analyzing the current situation and factors influencing chronic neck, shoulder, and lumbar back pain among medical personnel after the epidemic

BackgroundChronic shoulder and neck pain is one of the most common chronic occupational disorders, with an average incidence rate of 48.5%, severely affecting patients’ quality of life and ability to work. According to epidemiological research, the prevalence of chronic neck, shoulder, and low back pain in adults over the age of 45 ranges from 40 to 80%. According to reports, medical staff have a higher incidence rate than other populations, and there is a positive correlation between the grade of the medical institution and the incidence rate, making medical staff a priority group for the prevention of chronic neck, shoulder, and low back pain. By the end of 2022, China has been fully opened to epidemic prevention and control, the total number of patients in domestic hospitals has increased significantly, and resulting in medical personnel shoulting great pressure, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of medical personnel. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors of chronic neck, shoulder and lumbar back pain in medical staff. To provide guidelines for medical staff to improve cervical and lumbar subacute pain and reduce the emergence of spinal lesions.MethodsFrom January to February 2023, 602 staff members of a third-grade hospital in Zunyi City were studied by Questionnaire star. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the independent risk factors of chronic neck, shoulder and lumbar back pain in medical staff, with stepwise regression utilized to choose the optimum model. The model was selected using Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.ResultsA total of 602 medical staff were polled, and the findings revealed that 588 cases of chronic neck, shoulder, and low back pain of varied severity had occurred in the previous 1 to 2 years, with a 97.7% incidence rate; logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety level, frequency of bending over in the previous 1 to 2 years, whether related preventive measures were taken at work, gender, positive senior title, daily ambulation time, and whether the department they worked in organized independent influencing factors.ConclusionThe incidence of chronic neck, shoulder, and lumbar back pain among medical staff is high; its influencing factors are different and have not been systematically identified. Hospitals should take effective measures tailored to local conditions to improve the physical and mental health of medical staff.

Prevention of non-specific low back pain through healthy dynamics. An opinion on applied biomechanics

Prevention of non-specific low back pain through healthy dynamics. An opinion on applied biomechanics

Long COVID Symptoms vs. Back Pain and Physical Activity among Students in Poland-Cross-Sectional Study.

Back pain (BP) is a common condition that affects people of all ages. Moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity (PA) is a key element in maintaining health. The purpose of this research was to determine the level of physical activity and back pain (BP) in students with long COVID symptoms and to determine the relationship between the level of PA and BP in students with and without long COVID. A survey was carried out among 402 students from Poland. The inclusion criteria were as follows: student status, age of over 18 years, history of COVID-19, and consent to participate in the study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine the level of PA. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) were used to assess BP. We found that at least half of the students surveyed did not experience any lumbosacral or cervical spine pain. The authors found no association between the level of PA in women and a history of long COVID symptoms, while there were statistically significant differences in intense PA in men (p = 0.0263), with those who did not report long COVID symptoms being more active. With regard to cervical and lumbar spine pain complaints, in our study, these were statistically significantly stronger in students who were observed to have long COVID symptoms. The difference was not significant only for lumbosacral complaints among men. No strong correlations were found between PA level and the severity of BP. Additional investigation is required to comprehend the complex interaction between long COVID symptoms and levels of PA and BP. Special attention should be paid to the prevention of back pain mainly in the COVID-19 group of students.

Electromyographic activity of core muscles in isometric pole dance exercises with thigh locks

There is little technical and scientific research on Pole Dancing — an artistic, sensual and sporting activity based on friction and opposition between the body and a bar. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the rectus abdominis (RA), obliquus externus abdominis (OE), and erector spinae (ES) muscles during the execution of different isometric Pole Dance exercises using the thigh lock to fix the body on the bar in the vertical, horizontal and inverted positions (basic seat, plank seat, and inverted seat). Experimental study consisting of a convenience sample of ten female Pole Dance practitioners with more than one year of experience and physically active. The EMG signal obtained during all exercises was quantified in the time domain by root mean square (RMS) and normalized by maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Data were collected using simple differential surface electrodes and analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. The results showed a significant difference only for the ES muscle, which was higher for the inverted position when compared to the vertical and horizontal ones. The three exercises produced low to moderate EMG activity in the muscles analyzed. Therefore, these exercises can be prescribed both for Pole Dance training programs — its variations present interesting intensity progression — and for low back pain prevention, as they can improve trunk neuromuscular control.

Low back pain prevention behaviors and beliefs among the Polish population in a cross-sectional survey.

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common problems of public health and creates a burden globally. The aim was to assess the Polish population's back pain prevention behaviors and beliefs and to examine how these health behaviors and beliefs vary across sociodemographic factors and physical activity. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 208 randomly selected patients of the public general practitioner clinic. The differences in LBP-related beliefs and attitudes were determined due to participants' status of requiring or non-requiring LBP treatment. More than half of the respondents did not engage in behaviors that protect against back pain. Individuals with higher education levels and those who exercised at least once a week were significantly more likely to adopt behaviors to protect their backs. Less than half of the participants reported having a workplace that was adequately prepared to protect against back pain, and only 35.1% of the participants reported receiving instruction while taking up work on how to avoid back pain while working. According to respondents' opinions, preventive actions are necessary to protect against back pain. Inappropriate exercises and stress can be contributors to back pain, with these opinions reported more often by women and participants with higher education levels. Participants who received treatment for LBP showed a significantly higher expression of behaviors to protect against back pain compared to participants who did not require treatment. However, there were no significant differences in participants' beliefs about back pain prevention between the group requiring LBP treatment and the group not requiring LBP treatment. The study provides valuable insights into the association between LBP treatment, back pain prevention behaviors, and beliefs, suggesting potential avenues for future research and intervention development. By addressing workplace ergonomics and promoting a culture of back health, it may be possible to reduce the burden of LBP in Poland.

Training load as the conditioning of vertebral column dysfunction in road cyclists

Background. Spinal dysfunctions pose significant problems for road cyclists as they affect their efficiency and the quality of life. Despite this,fact only few studies are focused on the effect of training on the aforementioned dysfunctions. This gap in literature is even bigger as far as competitive/professional road cycling is concerned, despite the significant load the competitors are exposed to. This study is focused on understanding how different components of training load affect dysfunction of the vertebral column in road cyclists, both competitive and amateur ones. Additionally, the thesis how the program of adequate bioregeneration can contribute to reduction of spinal dysfunction risk is analyzed. Material and methods. The samle included 60 cyclists. The participants were divided into two groups: 30 competitive road cyclists UCI World Tour (first division) and 30 amateur road cyclists. The aim of the study was to understand the effect of different components of training load on the on the origin of spinal dysfunction in road cyclists . A questionnaire including the questions concerning personal data, the length of the road cyclist’s training period, training load, complementary training as the frequency and location of back pain, and also the questions, as the questions focused on information on the sustained injuries and contusions as well as as the access and the quality of the physiotherapeutic procedure. Results. The study using statistical tools revealed that many aspects of training affect vertebral column dysfunction in road cyclists, both competitive and amateur ones. The results also suggest that both professional and amateur cyclists should pay more attention to prevention and treatment of back pain. These procedures may involve regular workouts strengthening and stabilizing the vertebral column, control of training load as well as regular assessment by a physiotherapist. However, it was impossible to develop a concrete mathematical pattern for prognosing the aforementioned dysfunctions. Conclusion. The study provides new information on the training record in cyclists on the prevalence of back pain in road cyclists. The study found significant differences between the analyzed variables, however, in no case, the designated linear regression function allowed description of these relationships. This may indicate that the relationships are more complicated than it is suggested based on a simple linear model or that there are other factors responsible for back pain, which were not taken into consideration in this model. Further research using more complex regression models or taking into consideration additional variables are required for better understanding of the factors affecting vertebral column dysfunction in road cyclists – it will be the subject of further research by the authors.

Efforts To Prevent Low Back Pain In Office Workers

This study looks at low back pain (LBP) prevention techniques for office workers, with particular attention to demographics, prevalence of LBP, awareness, use, satisfaction, and perceived efficacy of interventions. Results show that there is a majority age group (26–35 years old), sporadic episodes of lower back pain, and a significant discrepancy between awareness and use of ergonomic modifications. Interventions involving physical activity exhibit lower levels of awareness and satisfaction. Studies that have been compared show that while awareness has grown throughout time, there are still ongoing difficulties in putting awareness into practice. Positive opinions of educational initiatives point to improvements in the prevention of LBP holistically. In order to have a thorough grasp of the long-term effects of preventive strategies, longitudinal designs should be used in future study. The study adds knowledge to the field of LBP prevention in office environments, which is constantly changing.