Prevalent Age Range Research Articles

The changing trend of fungal infection in invasive rhinosinusitis in the COVID era.

SARS-COV virus operates as a significant risk factor for invasive fungal aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Successful management of this fulminant infection requires early recognition of the disease and aggressive medical or surgical interventions to prevent the high morbidity and mortality associated with the disease process. 1. To isolate and identify different species of fungi among acute rhinosinusitis patients. 2. To assess the association of risk factors causing fungal rhinosinusitis. 3. To assess the changing trend in fungal rhinosinusitis during the COVID era. This is a retrospective observational study conducted from May 2020 to October 2022, attending the ENT department and relevant data were collected from the medical records department of ABVIMS and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, a Tertiary Care Referral Centre in India. The major risk factors studied were age, gender, COVID-19 infection and underlying diseases (such as diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease, hypertension, malignancies, chronic kidney DISEASES, etc.); details of corticosteroid use of all patients were recorded in the datasheet. The pandemic data was divided into three distinct time periods/waves/eras, i.e., first, second, and third waves, each of which included ten months, to examine the changing trend in fungal rhinosinusitis in the pandemic era of COVID-19. A total of 412 patients out of which 236 patients were clinically diagnosed with fungal sinusitis based on revised EORTC criteria. The most common site involved was the orbit with paranasal sinus and eye 86/236 (36.4%), followed by involvement of nasal and paranasal sinus alone 68/236 (28.8%). The most prevalent age range affected was 40 to 50 years. The most commonly associated comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (DM) in 176 (74.5%), followed by head and neck malignancies in 22 (9.32%) patients. Thirty-eight (50.6%) Rhizopus species and 18 (24%) Aspergillus flavus were the most common isolated fungal species on culture, followed by Mucor spp. 14 (18.6%) and Aspergillus fumigatus 5 (6.6%) in the period. In the second wave of COVID, there was a surge in Zygomycetes cases 36 (45%) and after the second wave, the Aspergillus cases increased by 14 (19%) during Jan-Oct 2022. With the continuing coronavirus pandemic, there is an unprecedented and discernible rise in the prevalence of acute invasive fungal sinusitis certainly a spike in cases of Aspergillus infection was observed, probably due to unprecedented usage of Amphotericin B for the treatment of mucormycosis during the third wave This underlines the importance of the need to tailor our treatment protocol as per the etiological agents hence the right antifungal drugs combined with urgent surgical procedures on a case-to-case basis may certainly increase the chances of survival.

CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF TOPICAL STEROID DAMAGED FACE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Objectives- The aim of the study was to determine the clinical features, extent, and dermographics of topical corticosteroid usage on the face in patients who were seen in the dermatology outpatient department. Materials and Methods: Between August 2022 and August 2023, a questionnaire-based analysis of patients attending the dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital was conducted. The study was comprised of 200 subjects who applied topical steroid on their face for more than 6 weeks and they were enquired regarding their history. Clinical assessment, and lesion photography was also done. Results: 200 patients with topical steroid damaged face were examined in the study. The most prevalent age range for topical steroid use was between 18 and 30 years which comprised 42% of total patients in the study. Out of 200 patients 149 were women [74.5%]. The average time between commencing the topical steroid regimen and the appearance of symptoms was six months. 74 [39.5%] used topical steroids to treat dermatophyte infections and the remaining subjects used them for miscellaneous reasons. In this study population, cream-based betamethasone valerate was the most frequently misused steroid. The most frequent adverse effect was hyperpigmentation (27%) followed by acneiform eruptions (25%) facial erythema (18%), hypertrichosis (12%), perioral dermatitis (4%) and skin atrophy (5%), hypopigmentation(9%). Conclusion: Topical steroid damaged face is a dermatological concern. The public must be made aware of the possible danger of topical steroid abuse to stop its indiscriminate use.

Suicide victims and alcohol-related consumption in Brazil: An observational study and a narrative review of the literature.

Deaths due to external causes, mainly suicide, are a severe public health problem in Brazil. Evidence shows that the tendency to impulsive behavior is exacerbated after alcohol consumption. The relationship between alcohol and suicide is poorly described in the medical literature. The study aims to analyze the relationship between victims' blood alcohol levels and suicides in some municipalities in Greater São Paulo, Brazil. We reviewed the data from the medical records of 805 necropsies performed at the Medical Legal Institute of Sao Paulo in Franco da Rocha, Brazil, from 2001 to 2017. The manner of death was established based on the result of police inquiry. Deaths due to suicide (n=41) were selected for the study. Descriptive statistics and Student t-test was applied when appropriate. The variables studied were sex, age, suicide mechanism, and blood alcohol level (BAC). In all cases we could not determine how much time the deceased consumed alcohol before suicide. Of the individuals analyzed, 85.36% were male, and 14.64% were female. The most prevalent age range for males was between 18 and 23 (19.5%). For females, it was between 12 and 23 years (33.2%). Most suicides (48.78%) were due to hanging, followed by self-poisoning (22.08%) and firearms (17.1%). 38 victims (92.68%) presented a positive BAC, over 0.3 mg/dl. The higher levels were in the group of suicide by hanging (2.3 mg/ml). Thus, alcohol intoxication is common among suicide victims, and it can contribute to the fatal outcome as a risk factor. Further studies are necessary for a better comprehension of the effect of alcohol on suicide victims.

Prevalence of Respiratory Diseases and Epidemiological Behavior of COVID-19 in Patients of the "Centro Histórico" Health Center, period March-May 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory diseases and the epidemiological behavior of COVID-19 in patients of “Centro Histórico” Health Center, March-May 2020 period. Observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study; in which the records of 1836 patients with respiratory symptoms were analyzed, using measures of central tendency and absolute and relative frequencies. The results revealed that the prevalent age range was 18 to 40 years with 707 (38.5%) cases; upper respiratory diseases were more frequent with 1617 (88.1%) cases. COVID-19, unidentified virus, was present in 91 (4.9%) cases, the older adult population being the most affected with 36 (39.5%) cases. There were 48 (2.6%) patients under home monitoring for suspected COVID-19, cough was the most frequent symptom (60.4%), and arterial hypertension (33.3%) was the most prevalent comorbidity in this group. More studies are required at the first level of care.

Mental Illness as a Predictor of Subjective Happiness Among University Employees Working in Hawai'i.

The World Health Organization adopted happiness as an indicator of societal progress in addressing conditions that directly affect psychological well-being and recommended communities address the determinants and obstacles to subjective well-being. Therefore, we conducted an online survey, informed by the Sustainable Happiness Model, among university employees that measured life circumstances (sociodemographics) and intentional leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity as potential predictors of subjective happiness (assessed using the Subjective Happiness Scale [SHS]). The multiethnic sample (N = 85) primarily included those who identified as White (44%), Asian (33%), and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (16%). The most prevalent age range was 41 to 50 years (31%), and 55% of the sample identified as female, 78% as faculty, and 22% as staff. Reporting a current mental health condition had significantly lower SHS scores compared to all other factors. Future research should explore interventions to support and improve university employee's mental health and overall well-being. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(5), 39-48.].

Animal-assisted crisis response: Characteristics of canine handlers and their canine partners

Abstract As we encounter many disasters and crises worldwide, various forms of crisis intervention are utilized to assist those who are impacted. In the United States, animal-assisted crisis response (AACR), the use of highly trained and experienced therapy dogs to provide comfort and support to those in need, is becoming an essential post-crisis modality. However, maintaining qualified volunteers is challenging and research on the characteristics of AACR teams has been narrowly developed. Therefore, there is a growing need to better understand these specialized volunteer teams, both handlers and their canine partners. This exploratory survey of 99 animal-assisted crisis responders investigated the qualities, backgrounds, perceptions, and experiences of these canine handlers and their dogs. Results from an online questionnaire showed that most handlers were women (88%), and the prevalent age range was 61–70 (45%). Most handlers were retired (46.46%) with an average volunteer experience in AACR of 5.7 years. The recognition of dominant organizations providing AACR was also studied in this research. Most volunteers were members of HOPE AACR (54.36%). Handlers shared their education, specific traits, and skills to provide effective AACR. The characteristics of the canine partners of AACR were also explored. The most common breeds for AACR teams were Golden retrievers (28.88%) and Labrador retrievers (18.88%). The authors additionally explored the handlers and the traits of their dogs, as well as their reason for volunteering in AACR. All participants viewed AACR as effective with most of the teams (80.68%) perceiving AACR as a highly effective intervention following crises and disasters. This research offers insights for AACR organizations on strategies to recruit and retain these specialized crisis providers.

Dental occlusion characteristics in subjects with bruxism.

Bruxism is associated with a variety of factors, some of which are oral (occlusion, joint, face shape) while others are of a systemic nature (respiratory, cardiac, neurotransmitters, stress). The relationship between bruxism and occlusion has received great attention, but it still has a lot of ambiguity. This study aimed at investigating the parameters that may affect bruxism: dental interferences or premature contacts, vicious habits, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, TMJ noises, TMJ morning fatigue, snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, which may occur before bruxism, or because of chronic parafunction. We conducted an observational, analytical case-control study to determine the association between bruxism and oral cavity factors as well as general factors. Participants were chosen from a group of middle-aged Romanian population. An online questionnaire was used for data collection. A total of one hundred subjects were included in the sample. Fifty cases with bruxism were chosen as a study group, and another fifty persons of similar ages were chosen as a control group. Statistical analysis was performed using the MedCalc version 20.110 software. The study comprised subjects between 18 and 42 years old. The most prevalent age range was between 20-25 years. The female-male ratio was almost similar; 62% of the participants had sleep bruxism, 10% had awake bruxism and 28% had a combined form. The arithmetic means of the daily stress levels for both research groups' scores were 3.0 for the bruxism group and 3.24 for the control group, while the work stress was 3.04 for the bruxism group and 3.41 for the control group. Dental interferences or premature contacts, vicious habits, TMJ pain, TMJ noises, TMJ morning fatigue, snoring, and obstructive sleep apnea were evaluated. The majority of subjects received an oral splint (n=26). Bruxism was associated with stress, occlusal parameters (premature contacts and occlusion interferences), and joint pathologies. Bruxism was not found to be positively correlated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. There was a moderately significant association between bruxism and snoring. There was no evidence of an association between bruxism and vicious habits, dental aesthetics, or obstructive sleep apnea. Treatment significantly improved the quality of life, the masticatory and joint functions.

Homicide Victims and Alcohol Related Consumption in Brazil

Introduction: Deaths due to external causes, mainly homicides, are a serious public health problem in Brazil. There is evidence that the tendency to impulsive and / or violent behavior is exacerbated after alcohol consumption. Otherwise, the relationship between alcohol and violent deaths is described in the medical literature without much precision. Objective: Analyze the relationship between victims' blood alcohol levels and homicides, in the micro-region formed by some municipalities in Greater São Paulo. Methods: Retrospectively, we reviewed the data from the medical records of 805 necropsies performed at the Medical Legal Institute of Sao Paulo (IML-SP) in Franco da Rocha, Brazil, from 2001 to 2017. Descriptive statistics were calculated to assess BAC testing status among decedents overall. The variables studied were sex, age, manner of death and blood alcohol level (BAC). Results: Of the 230 individuals analyzed, 200 (86.9%) were male and 30 (13.04%) female. The most prevalent age range for males was between 18 and 23 years (19.5%). For the women group it was between 12 and 23 years (33.2%). The vast majority of homicides (n = 162, 70.4%) was due to firearms, followed by sharp force and blunt force trauma (13% each one). Of the 230 cases of homicide victims analyzed, 205 (89,1%) presented a positive blood alcohol level (BAC), e.g, over 0,3 mg/dl. In the group of homicide victims by firearm, 57 (24,7%) of them presented a median value of BAC of 1.3 mg/ml. Discussion and Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that alcohol intoxication was common in homicide victims in Franco da Rocha from 2001-2017. It also confirms some findings from other researchers linking blood alcohol and deaths from unnatural causes. Our study showed that majority of victims are young adults, and most of them were under alcohol effect when they were murdered. So, the fact that the victims were drunk can contribute to the fatal outcome, in cases of homicide. This approach alone cannot establish that alcohol consumption is a risk factor for become a victim of homicide and further studies are necessary to a better comprehension of the effect of alcohol in homicide victims.

Pattern of Infection among Children with Nephrotic Syndrome in a Tertiary Level Hospital

Background: Patients with nephrotic syndrome are susceptible to numerous bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. To design preventive measures, it is vital to identify the various types of infections, their causative organisms, and sensitivity patterns in the local settings. Methods: From January 2012 to July 2014, this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pediatric department of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Children younger than 12 years admitted with nephrotic syndrome were screened for infection. Laboratory analysis with culture and sensitivity of urine, blood, CSF, and peritoneal fluids was performed to identify and analyze the causative organisms. Results: The most prevalent age range for the 90 admitted children with nephrotic syndrome was 2-5 years, and the male to female ratio was 0.95:1. 73% of the children had their initial attack of nephrotic syndrome, while 27% had recurrence. During admission, 38% of patients had various infections, and 57% of these infections occurred in children aged 2 to 5 years. Urinary tract infection (UTI), peritonitis, septicemia, and pneumonia were the most prevalent illnesses (incidence, 46%, 26%, 11%, and 9%, respectively). Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., and Streptococcus sp., commonly caused urinary tract infections, peritonitis, septicemia, and pneumonia. Organisms for UTI, peritonitis and pneumonia were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone, respectively. Conclusion: Infection should be ruled out carefully in every case of nephrotic syndrome during management in the hospital. Escherichia coli is the dominant causative agent for UTI. After sending relevant body fluids for culture sensitivity, ciprofloxacin for a suspected UTI, and azithromycin for peritonitis can be started immediately.

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders - A retrospective study

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the 12th most common cancer in the world. 90-95% of oral cancer is OSCC and it can be preceded by oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global health issue and various epidemiological studies have implicated diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma and other oral potentially malignant disorders. The study aimed to evaluate the correlation of diabetes mellitus in OSCC, leukoplakia and oral lichen planus patients and also evaluate age and gender predilection in OSCC and OPMD cases with diabetes mellitus. This retrospective study included a sample size of n=226 [156-OPMD, 70-OSCC]. Data regarding the sample cases were selected after the review and analysis of records of about 86000 patients who visited our institution between June 2019 and March 2020. From n=226, 30% of OSCC cases showed the positive diabetic history and 15% of OLP and 8.3% of leukoplakia were associated with DM. A statistically significant association found between diabetes in OSCC, Leukoplakia, OLP cases with p-value (0.001). 90.48% of OSCC and 75% of leukoplakia cases with a positive diabetic history were males. Among OLP, 77.8% of cases with diabetes mellitus were females. The association of prevalence of diabetes mellitus with gender in Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC), Leukoplakia and Oral lichen planus(OLP) was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). The most prevalent age range for both OSCC and OPMD patients with a history of diabetes mellitus was found to be 50-60 years, followed by above 60 years. In conclusion, there found to be a significant prevalence of DM in OSCC and OPMD cases. The DM status of oral cancer and OPMD patients may have a significant impact on their disease progression and treatment. DM could be considered as a prognostic factor for OSCC and OPMD.

Frequency of anxiety and depression in girls and adolescents from “Miguel León” foster home in Cuenca, Ecuador

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are two pathologies of great personal, social and economic im-pact; in many cases both have an early onset. Domestic violence can separate children and adolescents from their families; being sent, most of the times, to foster homes. Children and adolescents in foster homes tend to develop anxiety, depression and stress triggering lifelong emotional and mental difficulties. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression in girls and female adolescents from “Miguel León” Shelter, Cuenca, during 2016, creating statistical data that will allow set-ting protection projects and future studies. METHODS: Descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study. The study population was stablished with 35 girls and adolescents, aged 5 to 18 years, from a foster home. For data collection, the SPENCE Child Anxiety Scale and the CDI Inventory were applied. Data was processed with Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS 15.0. Data is presented in charts and graphics using frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: The frequency of anxiety was 22.86% and the frequent of depression was 17.14%. The most pre-valent age range for both pathologies was 10 to 14 years old with 62.5% and 50% respectively. In both groups, diagnosed with anxiety and diagnosed with depression, the length of stay in the foster home was 0 to 6 months for the majority of the population ( 50 and 66.67% respectively). CONCLUSIÓN: The frequency of depression in girls aged 5 to 18 years, was 17.14%. The frequency of anxie-ty in girls aged from 5 to 18 years in the foster home was 22.86%, values lower than those found in other studies. The age range in which both diseases were most prevalent was, 10-14 years old. Both disorders were more prevalent the shorter the time spent in the foster home. KEYWORDS: Adolescent Health, Depression, Separation Anxiety, Child Protective Services, Anxiety, Foster Home Care.

Prevalencia de Enfermedades Respiratorias y Comportamiento Epidemiológico de COVID-19 en Pacientes del Centro de Salud “Centro Histórico

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory diseases and the epidemiological behavior of Covid-19 in patients of "Centro Histórico" Health Center, March-May 2020 period. The registry of 1836 patients with respiratory symptoms were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency, and absolute and relative frequencies. The results indicated that the prevalent age range was 18 to 40 years with 707 (38.5%) cases. Upper respiratory diseases were the most prevalent with 1617 (88.1%) cases. We found 91 (4,9%) cases of Covid-19, unidentified virus, 36 (39,5%) of them were 60 years or older. There were 48 (2.6%) patients under follow-up for suspected Covid-19, their most frequent symptoms were cough (60.4%) and fever (37.5%); and, arterial hypertension with 4 (33.3%) cases, was the most prevalent comorbidity. More studies are required at the first level of care.

SMOKE, THE ETERNAL RISK FACTOR FOR ORAL CANCER: 29 YEARS OF PREVENTION CAMPAIGNS IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ

Tobacco consumption continues to occupy significant space in Brazilian and international charts: The main risk factor for oral cancer. Objective: To report 29 years of oral cancer prevention through anti-smoking campaigns in the State of Parana. Method: Between 1989-2017, divided into periods, health actions were carried out to prevent oral cancer in the State of Parana, Brazil. Anamnesis/intraoral clinical examination was performed in individuals older than 30 years of age, who participated in the campaigns. All answered a questionnaire (personal data/smoking). Results: A total 28,794 exams were performed, and 5,943 oral lesions were detected (21.2% of participants). Traumatic lesions (prosthetic etiology), inflammatory, leukoplastic (malignant characteristics), papillomas, and erythroplasias were found. The prevalent age range was 31 to 60 years (62.7%). The percentages of smokers were recorded: 1989 to 1993 (25.7%); 1994 to 1998 (24.4%); 1999 to 2003 (18.7%); 2004 to 2008 (18.2%); 2009 to 2013 (21.0%), 2014 to 2017 (28.3%). There was a decrease in the percentage of smokers: 25.7% (1989); 18.2% (2008). After that there was an increase of 28.3% (2017). Conclusions: In 29 years of oral cancer prevention campaigns, we haveseen that health actions are important tools for early diagnosis and guidance on smoking.

Evaluation of nonadherence to treatment among patients with schizophrenia attending psychosocial care centers in the south region of Brazil.

Introduction The treatment of schizophrenia aims to reduce symptoms, improve quality of life and promote recovery from debilitating effects. Nonadherence to treatment is related to several factors and may lead to persistence of symptoms and relapse. Worldwide, the rate of nonadherence to treatment in individuals with schizophrenia is around 50%.Objectives To compare the clinical profile of nonadherent and adherent patients among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia receiving treatment at psychosocial care centers in a city in southern Brazil.Method The clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with schizophrenia was retrospectively analyzed based on medical records entered into the system between January and December 2016, evaluating data at one-year follow-up.Results 112 patients were included. The disease was more prevalent in men; mean age was 40.5 years, being lower among men. Most of the sample had a low level of education, was unemployed/retired, did not have children and resided with relatives. The highest rate of diagnosis was among young adults. Psychotic symptoms were most frequently described, and the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic was haloperidol. The nonadherence rate was 15.2%; only one patient required admission to a psychiatric hospital. Among nonadherent patients, the mean time of attendance was 6 months; there were more nonadherent women than men. The most prevalent age range of nonadherence was 41-64 years. Psychosocial and clinical data were similar across the whole sample.Conclusion A nonadherence rate of 15.2% was found among individuals receiving treatment for schizophrenia, suggesting that psychosocial care centers were effective in treating and monitoring these patients.

Aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral em Teresina-PI, Brasil

Objetivo: Descrever aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral em Teresina-PI no período de 2008 a 2017. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico, observacional e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, através de dados secundários de notificações dos casos de LV na cidade de Teresina-PI, no período de 2008 a 2017, os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informações de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN) e processados nos programas Microsoft Office e Microsoft Excel 2016 e Tab. para Windows (TabWin) versão 4.14. Resultados: No município de Teresina-PI, a distribuição de casos confirmados de LV manteve-se com flutuação de declínio dos casos notificados. O perfil se constitui pela cor da pele parda, acomete mais o sexo masculino, e pessoas com ou sem escolaridade , enfatiza-se menor incidência ao nível superior, a faixa etária prevalente é de 20 a 39 anos, seguida da faixa de 01 a 04 ano, e faixa de 40 a 59 anos, apresentou casos de pacientes com LV associada a coinfecção com o vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). Conclusão: Os aspectos epideomlógicos notificados demostra que Teresina-PI, possui aspectos epidemiológicos endêmica de leishmaniose visceral que precisam ser diagnosticadas e notificadas para reduzir a proliferação da doença.

ACUTE POISONING BY AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES IN PERNAMBUCO, 2016 – 2018

Introduction: Acute pesticide poisoning is a worldwide public health problem and it is estimated that around 300,000 deaths occur each year. Epidemiological surveys of human populations exposed to chemicals are of great importance in identifying the magnitude of health damage. Objective: The general objetive of the study was to describe the epidemiological profile of acute pesticide poisoning reported by the Pernambuco Toxicological Assistance Center (CEATOX) from 2016 to 2018. Methodology: Retrospective and exploratory research with quantitative approach; from secondary data from the Brazilian Data Poisoning System (DATATOX). Results: From 2016 to 2018, 1,062 cases of acute pesticide poisoning were reported, corresponding to 8% of general poisonings. There was a predominance of the class of clandestine raticides (48%) represented by the “chumbinho”. Insecticides accounted for 43% of the cases, 8% herbicides, fungicides and growth regulators approximately 1% each. There was a predominance of poisoning in males (53%) over females (47%). The prevalent age range was 20 to 29 years (27%), followed by 30 to 39 years (24%) and subsequently 40 to 49 years (18%). A significant percentage of suicide attempts were found, representing 73% of cases. The predominant area of ​​occurrence was urban (79%), while 21% came from the rural area. The Metropolitan Region accounted for 59% of notifications, followed by Zona da Mata (15%), Agreste (13%), Sertao (8%) and Mesorregiao do Sao Francisco (5%). Oral exposure was prevalent, corresponding to 91%, followed by respiratory (4.2%) and dermal (3.7%). Regarding the severity of the cases, 78% had mild manifestations, evolving to cure without sequelae, 3.7% had severe manifestations and 1% evolved with sequelae. There were 113 deaths that corresponded to 10.6% of notifications. The highest lethality was observed in Clandestine Raticides (56.6%), followed by insecticides (32%), while Herbicides represented 11.5% of deaths. Conclusions: The identified profile was of oral self-poisoning by chumbinho in men from 20 to 29 years old, coming from urban area, metropolitan region, with mortality above 10%. Pesticide suicide may be related to the ease of access to these products, and it is necessary to establish strategies to control and enforce illegal trade, as well as the implementation of public policies for prevention and health promotion aiming at greater control of the problem with decreasing occurrences.

ANÁLISE GEOESTATÍSTICA DA INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS RELACIONADAS AO TRAUMA NOS BAIRROS DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES

INTRODUÇÃO: anualmente ocorrem 5,8 milhões de óbitos por trauma mundialmente, o que representa cerca de 10% entre todas as causas de morte; sendo os jovens e adultos jovens a faixa etária mais prevalente. OBJETIVOS: analisar a associação de patologias relacionadas ao trauma nos diversos bairros de Campos dos Goytacazes por meio de dados geoestatísticos. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo observacional e analítico com avaliação de uma amostra de pacientes atendidos no Hospital Ferreira Machado (HFM), no setor de politrauma, utilizando relatórios gerados pelo software KLINICOS. RESULTADOS: no período de janeiro a maio de 2018 o setor de politrauma foi responsável por 26% dos atendimentos de emergência e urgência do HFM sendo a faixa etária mais prevalente de 20 a 29 anos. O bairro Jockey Club teve a maior incidência tanto de agressões por arma branca e por lesão corporal (@ 5%), quanto de acidentes envolvendo motociclistas (@ 7%). Já o bairro Santa Rosa foi o segundo mais incidente dos ferimentos por arma de fogo e o primeiro dos acidentes envolvendo ciclistas. CONCLUSÕES: os bairros com maior incidência de vítimas por arma de fogo, arma branca e agressão corporal pertencem a Guarus. Já os acidentes envolvendo motociclistas e ciclistas são mais incidentes no Jockey, bairro situado entre duas grandes rodovias que ligam a cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes a Farol e a São João da Barra.

Aspectos epidemiológicos da dengue em Araçuaí, médio Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais

Dengue fever is a febrile infectious disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which in Brazil represents an epidemic. The objective of this research was to describe the epidemiological aspects of dengue cases reported in the municipality of Aracuai, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018, in a descriptive and quantitative way, with data obtained from the Notification of Injury Information System. The Pearson correlation test was used for analysis between incidence and climatic variables. In the period, 1,138 cases of dengue fever were reported, a predominance of women (62.4%), a prevalent age range of 20 to 49 years (54.6%) and a complete schooling (14.6%). There was a progressive increase in the incidence of dengue in the years 2015 (1,443.92%), 2016 (1,046.84%) and 2017 (352.65%), and decrease in 2018 (108.29%). No correlation was observed between climatic variables and incidence. It is concluded that, after identifying the epidemiological aspects of dengue in Aracuai, the results indicate the municipality as endemic, characterized as a medium incidence area. The monitoring of the vector by the epidemiological surveillance sector should routinely follow the identification of risk areas for the adoption of disease control and reduction actions in the municipality.

Perfil epidemiológico, clínico e laboratorial do exame citopatológico realizado em Espinosa, Minas Gerais, durante o ano de 2014

Objetivou-se investigar o perfil epidemiológico, clínico e laboratorial do exame citopatológico cérvico-vaginal realizado no município de Espinosa. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, retrospectivo, documental, com abordagem quantitativa, sendo a amostra composta por dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) referente a 135 coletas citopatológicas realizadas no ano de 2014. O tratamento dos dados se deu por meio de análise estatística univariada. Observou-se que 72,5% foram coletadas em um intervalo de 0-10 dias. Em 77%, o intervalo para a conclusão dos resultados foi estabelecido entre 11-20 dias. O tempo do exame foi de 0-30 dias (75,5%). Quanto à cor/raça, todos os registros não apresentavam esta informação. O intervalo etário mais prevalente foi de 40-49 anos (32,4%). O tempo do último exame preventivo foi de um ano (49,6%). Todas as amostrasencontravam-sesatisfatórias à análise. Em 58,5%, os resultados entrados estavam dentro da normalidade. Portanto, os resultados das amostras coletadas atendem satisfatoriamente ao perfil de prevenção do câncer de colo uterinonas mulheres, porém há falhas no preenchimento dos dados na ficha de coleta por parte do profissional.

The use of computed tomography for penetrating heart injury screening.

to determine if computed tomography represents a safe option for penetrating heart injury screening. retrospective transversal study which confronted tomographic findings with the ones detected in surgical exploration in patients that had undergone surgery because of suspected cardiac trauma from January, 2016 to January, 2018. seventy-two cases were analysed; 97.2% of them were males, and the most prevalent age range was 20 to 29 years; 56.9% of them presented injuries caused by firearm shots and 43.1% by cutting weapons. In 20 cases, computed tomography suggested heart injury, confirmed in 13 cases during surgery. Sensitivity of computed tomography was 56.5%, reaching a specificity of 85.7%. computed tomography must not be adopted as a routine for the screening of penetrating heart injuries.