Prevalence Of Vascular Lesions Research Articles

Prevalence of non-contrast CT abnormalities in adults with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IntroductionReversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterised by severe, recurrent thunderclap headaches (TCHs) and vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries that resolve within 3 months. Abnormalities on non-contrast CT (NCCT) such as ischaemic strokes, intracerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhages are frequently observed on brain imaging of patients with RCVS though their prevalence varies considerably between studies. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the prevalence of NCCT abnormalities seen on neuroimaging of adult patients with RCVS.Methods and analysisWe will search the Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases for studies on the prevalence of NCCT abnormalities on neuroimaging of patients with RCVS. Search results will be screened for eligibility by title and abstract. Suitable studies will be fully reviewed and relevant data extracted using a data abstraction form. The studies will be assessed for methodological quality, risk of bias and heterogeneity. Prevalence estimates across studies will be pooled using a random-effects model and subgroup analysis will be performed to assess the impact of age, sex, publication year and study design on prevalence of vascular lesions. Sensitivity analysis will be used to investigate the robustness of the findings. This protocol has been devised using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 checklist.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics is not required as primary data will not be collected. The findings of this study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.Trial registration numberCRD42020190637.

Therapeutic Strategy in Case of Hemangiomas in Children

Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in infancy constituting 1 – 2.6 % of incidence. Their incidence in preterm newborns with low birth weight (less than 1000 g) can reach 30 %. Increase in the incidence is observed during the first year of life.Regressing hemangiomas undergo careful observation. Hemangiomas with a high risk of complications (destructive growth, cosmetic defects, ulceration, amblyopia, compression of vital structures) require treatment.The variety of clinical and morphological features, localization and prevalence of vascular lesions require continual search for effective methods of treatment to determine the optimal terms and methods of therapy.The objective of the research was to improvement the results of hemangiomas treatment in children.Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 146 children with voluminous, rapidly growing, and non-regressing hemangiomas, as well as children with poor results of treatment after incorrect therapy were analyzed.Methods of the research included clinical, morphological, radiation, statistical ones.Results and discussion. Effectual treatment regimen of rapidly growing and non-regressing hemangiomas with cosmetically important locations, including surgical treatment with the use of high-frequency coagulator EC-300MІ and systemic therapy with propranolol was developed and suggested.Conclusions. The proposed treatment regimen reduces the volume and intensity of hemangiomas growth. In the majority of cases it allows complete removal of the tumor with a good cosmetic result.

Value of CT angiography for the detection of intracranial vascular lesions in patients with acute severe headache

To retrospectively investigate the prevalence and characteristics of intracranial vascular lesions in patients with acute severe headache with the use of CT angiography (CTA). We systematically searched for neurologically intact patients with acute severe headache and normal unenhanced head CT. The study group consisted of 512 patients; 251 male; mean age 46.2 ± 12.4 years. All patients underwent CTA between 1 day and 2 months after the headache attack. CTA images were interpreted by two experienced neuroradiologists for the presence of vascular lesions. Thirty-four (6.6 %) of the 512 patients had intracranial vascular lesions on CTA, including 33 aneurysms (2 patients had 2 aneurysms each), 2 moyamoya disease and 1 arterial dissection. No gender- or age-related differences were found. Aneurysms arose most commonly on the internal carotid artery (n = 12), followed by the anterior communicating artery (n = 7), and the middle cerebral artery (n = 7). Maximal diameters ranged from 2.0 to 13.1 mm (mean, 3.9 ± 2.6 mm). CTA is a feasible tool for diagnosing intracranial vascular lesions in patients with acute severe headache. The prevalence of vascular lesions in our series was 6.6 %, which is higher than that predicted in the general population. • Unruptured cerebral aneurysms may be a cause of acute severe headache • CTA assesses intracranial vascular lesions in patients with acute severe headache • The prevalence of vascular lesions in our series of patients was 6.6 %

Prevalence and impact of cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease and parkinsonism

To study the prevalence and impact of cerebrovascular lesions (CVL) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their effects on cognitive impairment. In study I, the prevalence of vascular lesions in a prospective series of 244 autopsy-proved AD cases (mean age 83.1+/-8.4 years) and 230 age-matched non-demented controls was examined using immunochemistry and current morphological diagnostic criteria. In study II, in 100 consecutive autopsy cases (mean age 84.3+/-9.3 years), the incidence of general and capillary cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA, CapCAA) was examined. In study I, AD cases showed significantly more frequent CVL than age-matched controls without differences in the Braak stages, but the severity of CAA was significantly higher in AD brain with associated vascular lesions. In study II, CAA was more frequent in demented than in non-demented patients, but did neither correlate with high-grade AD pathology nor with clinical dementia, whereas CapCAA correlated with both dementia and high Braak stages; the severity of both types of CAA showed only low correlation with each other. The present data and other studies confirm the importance of CVL in AD and Parkinson's disease without considerable impact on cognitive impairment in progressed stages of AD, and the close association of CapCAA but not of general CAA with clinical dementia and AD pathology.

Renovascular hypertension.

Renovascular disease, particularly when associated with atherosclerosis, is a common cofactor in accelerating hypertension and deteriorating renal function. With increased longevity and effective antihypertensive medications, the prevalence of vascular lesions affecting renal viability is increasing, possibly accounting for 15% of end-stage renal disease. Renal vascular lesions alter renin release and multiple associated mechanisms related to adrenergic and vascular regulation. Several new diagnostic modalities, including captopril renography, duplex ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance angiography, are being applied for noninvasive diagnosis. Advances in interventional radiologic procedures, including endovascular stents and surgical revascularization, offer the potential for both improved blood pressure management and salvage of renal function. Optimal management of renovascular disease depends on careful assessment of the progression of each patient and associated risk of intervention.