Prevalence Of Various Disorders Research Articles

Role of Plant Phytochemicals: Resveratrol, Curcumin, Luteolin and Quercetin in Demyelination, Neurodegeneration, and Epilepsy

Polyphenols are an important group of biologically active compounds present in almost all food sources of plant origin and are primarily known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capabilities. Numerous studies have indicated their broad spectrum of pharmacological properties and correlations between their increased supply in the human diet and lower prevalence of various disorders. The positive effects of polyphenols application are mostly discussed in terms of cardiovascular system well-being. However, in recent years, they have also increasingly mentioned as prophylactic and therapeutic factors in the context of neurological diseases, being able to suppress the progression of such disorders and soothe accompanying symptoms. Among over 8000 various compounds, that have been identified, the most widely examined comprise resveratrol, curcumin, luteolin and quercetin. This review focuses on in vitro assessments, animal models and clinical trials, reflecting the most actual state of knowledge, of mentioned polyphenols’ medicinal capabilities in epilepsy, demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system.

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) based diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary disorders: Three years study at a tertiary care Hospital

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a non-invasive imaging modality that has high accuracy for evaluation of the biliary and pancreatic ducts. The current study aims to assess the role of MRCP in finding various pancreaticobiliary pathologies. It was a retrospective study, data was collected from 659 patients who underwent MRCP at MRI unit Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Chi-Square was applied to find the difference in the prevalence of various disorders. The presenting indication in our data shows 72% of patients with pain (abdominal, epigastric and right hypochondrium) followed by jaundice in 11.3% participants. Our results indicate that the most common pancreaticobiliary disorders were obstructive including cholelithiasis along with choledocholithiasis (8.3%), cholelithiasis (17.8%) CBD stricture (16.4%) and acute pancreatitis (10.9%). Moreover, our data also showed that the obstructive disorders particularly cholelithiasis (20.9%vs 13.7%) was more common in females as compared to males. We also showed that neoplastic disorders were more prevalent in the age group 53-65, whereas strictures were more common in the 39-52 age group, and we have observed higher prevalence of inflammatory disorders in age group 27-39. MRCP allows the evaluation of pancreaticobiliary disorders with high accuracy. Being non-invasive, MRCP can be used in early diagnosis and preventive treatment of pancreaticobiliary disease thereby facilitating accurate diagnosis and subsequent clinical management.

Prevalence of various disorders during Peri-parturient period in Gir cows in southern part of Rajasthan

Prevalence of various disorders during Peri-parturient period in Gir cows in southern part of Rajasthan

Attitudes towards sex workers: a nationwide cross-sectional survey among German healthcare providers.

Worldwide, sex workers face stigmatization and discrimination, also within healthcare. Only few studies on healthcare providers' attitudes towards care of sex workers have been performed. This study assessed attitudes and knowledge of healthcare providers in Germany towards sex workers and their specific health risks. German healthcare professionals and medical students were invited to participate in a nationwide cross-sectional study in 2022. The online survey used a German translation of the "Attitudes towards Prostitutes and Prostitution Scale" by Levin and Peled for assessment of attitudes towards sex work and workers, together with prevalence estimates of common mental and physical disorders. A total of 469 questionnaires were included into analysis. Older participants tended to regard sex work as less of a choice (p < 0.004) and sex workers as more victimized (p < 0.001). The frequency of professional contact to sex workers neither affected the perception of sex workers' status as victims vs. independent individuals, nor the perceived moral status. Moreover, healthcare professionals overestimated the prevalence of various disorders which was influenced by participants' attitudes towards sex workers. A comparison to a recent Allensbach survey demonstrated similar attitudes of healthcare providers and the general population towards sex workers. Our results suggest that German healthcare professionals are not free of prejudices against sex workers, as has been shown for other marginalized groups in society. Instead, they seem to be influenced by personal opinion rather than by objective facts which they should have acquired during their professional education. Future interventions (e.g., better training regarding marginal societal groups) are necessary to encounter these issues in order to improve healthcare for sex workers.

Frequency Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group System and their Association with the Prevalence of Various Clinical Disorders among the Kashmiri Donors: “A Possible Correlation or Just Random Distribution”

Aim: The knowledge of blood group distribution is essential for inventory management and disease trends related to different blood groups. Besides being important in blood transfusion, ABO and Rh blood group system play an important role in forensic pathology, disease susceptibility and population genetics. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery/Bachelor of Dental Surgery) students belonging to different geographical locations in the Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir, India as well as the prevalence of various disorders among the students and their parents in relation to ABO and Rh blood groups.&#x0D; Study Design: A Comparative Study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physiology, Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.&#x0D; Methodology: The ABO and Rh status was determined according to the classical slide test method. The prevalence of various disorders in the students and their parents was studied by self-administered questionnaire and all the required information was collected&#x0D; Results: The overall prevalence of the different blood groups followed the order: O+ &gt; A+ ≥ B+&gt; O-&gt;AB+&gt;B‑.The most common prevalent disorders associated with different blood groups were diabetes, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis. The other less prevalent disorders associated with several blood groups were polycystic ovarian disease, gout, myopia, fatty liver, atrial septal defect, HBV infection and vitiligo.&#x0D; Conclusions: The results of the present and other studies indicates that if not the exact cause of disease, the individuals with different blood group antigens are susceptible to several disorders and other health problems. Further research investigations should be conducted at large scale in order to understand such possible connections between the blood groups and diseases if any such exist.

State of health of first-year bachelor students at the higher educational institution

The article is devoted to one of the topical issues of modern medicine — the health of students at a higher educational institution. The relevance of the work is due to the significant prevalence of various disorders in the adaptive reactions of the body, especially in the first year of study at a higher educational institution. This study included 2 groups of students: 1st group — 12 male students, 2nd group — 18 female students. An anonymous survey was conducted in two groups, and in each of the groups, students had certain complaints that indicated the disruption of adaptation processes in the body in the first year of study.

L’association estrogènes et modulateurs sélectifs du récepteur des estrogènes : un renouveau du traitement hormonal ?

The life expectancy of women has risen in the past century from 48years to more than 80. The decline of endogenous estrogen production (in particular, the principal circulating physiological hormone, 17β-estradiol) at menopause (which occurs at an average of 51years) is often accompanied by a series of functional disorders that affect quality of life (QoL). This estrogen deficiency affects different tissues and results in an increase in the prevalence of various disorders, including but not limited to osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Hormone therapy for menopause is a relatively recent biomedical challenge, which underwent a downturn after the Women Health Initiative study of older postmenopausal women. We will summarize the WHI findings in the first part of this article. At Inserm unit 1048, we are working on understanding the protective effects of estrogen against the development of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes in murine models. We have also focused in recent years on modeling the impact of estrogen in thrombosis models, to attempt to clarify the complex relation between estrogen and thrombotic risk. In part II of this article, we will describe a new strategy of hormone therapy for menopause, combining estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM). We review the scientific underpinnings of this strategy, which may enable the renewal of hormone therapy for menopause.