Prevalence Of Urinary Incontinence Research Articles

Genitourinary syndrome of lactation: a new perspective on postpartum and lactation-related genitourinary symptoms.

The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a well-documented condition characterized by a range of genitourinary symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women. As with GSM, postpartum lactating women experience reduced estrogen and androgen levels. However, there is limited research on the impact of symptoms during the postpartum breastfeeding period. The aim was to review the literature for genitourinary health in the postpartum breastfeeding population and summarize key findings and potential treatments. We performed a comprehensive literature review in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from inception of database to November 2023 using the following keywords individually and in combination: "physiology of postpartum" or "physiology of lactogenesis" or "vulvovaginal health" or "vaginal atrophy" or "vaginal dryness" or "dyspareunia" or "urinary incontinence" or "lactation" or "breastfeeding" or "vaginal estrogen." All identified articles published in English were considered. Relevant studies were extracted, evaluated, and analyzed. The work presented in this article represents a summative review of the identified literature. During lactation, high levels of prolactin inhibit estrogen and androgen secretion via negative feedback, which leads to an increased prevalence of vulvovaginal atrophy, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and urinary incontinence in lactating postpartum women. Despite these highly prevalent and potentially devastating symptoms, there is a lack of consistent screening at postpartum visits and no treatment guidelines available to health care providers. Postpartum breastfeeding women experience similar physiology and symptoms to the postmenopausal phase, as seen in GSM. We propose the introduction of a novel term to describe the genitourinary changes seen in postpartum breastfeeding individuals: genitourinary syndrome of lactation. The diagnostic use of genitourinary syndrome of lactation will equip health care providers with an all-encompassing term to bring awareness to the symptoms experienced by postpartum breastfeeding individuals and lead to improved screening and treatment for the high numbers of individuals experiencing these genitourinary changes.

Association Between Added Sugar Intake and Urinary Incontinence in Females: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a widespread issue in women that severely impacts quality of life. The addition of sugar is associated with multiple adverse effects on health. This study examined the potential association between added sugar intake and UI. Adult females from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (2005-2018) were included in this study. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Weighted logistic regression, stratified logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and sensitivity analyses were utilized to determine whether added sugar was associated with UI after multivariate adjustment. A total of 14,927 participants met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed a heightened prevalence ofSUI, UUI, and MUI in the fourth quartile of added sugar energy percentage (OR = 1.304, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.105-1.539; OR = 1.464, 95% CI = 1.248-1.717; OR = 1.657, 95% CI = 1.329-2.065 respectively). The effect was more pronounced in young women and the subgroup analyses did not reveal any noteworthy interaction effects. According to the sensitivity analyses, the results for SUI and the MUI were consistent with those of the primary analyses. The excessive intake of added sugar among women may increase their risk of SUI and MUI. Our study highlights the negative effects of added sugar on female genitourinary health and highlights the need for universal access to healthy diets.

Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence in multiples sclerosis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Urinary incontinence (UI), encompassing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI), is a prevalent and debilitating condition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), profoundly impacting their quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the worldwide prevalence rates of SUI and UUI among MS patients. This study was conducted by examining observational studies published between 2000 and 2023. An exhaustive literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The Meta-prop method facilitated pooled prevalence estimation of UUI and SUI, while Egger tests assessed publication bias. In total, 27 studies with 15,052 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The findings revealed a high random effect pooled prevalence of UUI at 41.02% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 30.57-51.89; I2 = 99%, p < 0.001) and SUI at 25.67% (95% CI: 19.30-32.58%; I2 = 94.9%, P < 0.001). Additionally, the pooled prevalence of mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) was reported at 18.81% (95% CI: 7.55-33.48; I2:95.44%, p < 0.001). The high heterogeneity observed suggests variable prevalence across populations and highlights the intricate nature of UI in MS. These findings underscore the critical need for dedicated supportive, therapeutic, and rehabilitative interventions to manage this common complaint in MS patients effectively.

A Cross-Sectional Preview of Correlates of Treatment Delay of Urinary Incontinence

The prevalence of Urinary incontinence in geriatric women and its silent endurance poses high emotional burden as stigma attached to this condition often leads to reluctance in seeking timely medical assistance. However, affirmation to common characteristics of delayed help seeking behaviour can identify vulnerable women for further assistance.Objective: To determine the correlates of treatment delay of urinary incontinence by evaluating common characteristics of those who had delayed their treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Lady Willingdon Hospital's gynecology outdoors over a three-year period from June 1, 2019, to May31, 2022. Out of 364 incontinent women, 198 participants were selected with aged above eighteen and incontinence for at least one year. Demographic information and UI-related factors of the participants were collected and evaluated by dividing data into short (less than or equal to three years) and long (greater than three years) delay groups. Correlates of treatment delay were determined by regression analysis using SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The respondents reported a treatment delay between one and thirty years; nearly half (59.60 percent) indicated a delay of more than three years. Age above fifty (odds ratio [OR] = 11.39; confidence interval [CI]: 4.30-30.18), embarrassment (OR = 3.63; CI: 1.19-11.12), lower subjective severity of symptoms (OR = 6.31; CI: 2.06-19.35), and stress incontinence (OR = 5.80; CI: 1.97-17.12) were significantly associated with treatment delay in regression analysis. Conclusions: In this study population, the correlates of treatment delay were age above fifty, embarrassment, lower subjective symptoms, and stress incontinence.

The Relationship between Urinary Incontinence, Osteoarthritis, and Musculoskeletal System Disorders.

Background/Objectives: Urinary incontinence diminishes quality of life, and its severity can be worsened by mobility impairments. This study explored the link between urinary incontinence, osteoarthritis, and back musculoskeletal system disorders, considering pain, mobility issues, and daily activity difficulties. Methods: This cross-sectional study included respondents aged ≥ 15 years from the 2008 Turkish Health Studies Survey (n = 13,976). We assessed self-reported urinary incontinence, daily activity, mobility impairment, pain, osteoarthritis, and musculoskeletal disorders to explore their association with urinary incontinence. Gender-specific logistic regression models included chronic conditions related to urinary incontinence. Results: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was higher in the participants with osteoarthritis and back musculoskeletal system problems. Among the patients with osteoarthritis, the prevalence was 25.84% in the mobility-impaired group and 10.03% in the non-impaired group. Similarly, 33.02% of those with activities of daily living (ADL) difficulties and 12.93% of those without difficulties had incontinence. The frequency of urinary incontinence increased with pain severity. According to the multivariable logistic regression analyses, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of urinary incontinence for osteoarthritis was 1.58 (95% CI 1.23-2.02, p < 0.01) for females and 2.38 (95% CI 1.62-3.49, p < 0.01) for males. Conclusions: Urinary incontinence was more common in females, increased with age, and was found to be associated with osteoarthritis and back musculoskeletal system disorders. Among the patients with osteoarthritis and back musculoskeletal system disorders, those with mobility impairment and daily activity difficulties had a higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. The patients with more severe pain had a higher frequency of urinary incontinence.

The Prevalence and Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Taif City, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory diseasethat results in demyelination and progressive loss of nerve cells within the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis, as well as other neurological diseases that impact brain structures and spinal pathways involved in sphincter control, may cause lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) Our aims are to determine the prevalence, severity, and impact on the quality of life of urinary incontinence among MS patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia, as well as its potential association with demographics and clinical features. Method A cross-sectional study included 150 of MS patients aged 18 yearsand older who completed the validated Arabic versions of both the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form(ICIQ-UI SF).In addition, other clinical parameters were collected from the medical records of patients. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 (IBM Inc., Armonk, New York). Qualitative data were expressed as numbers and percentages, and the Chi-squared test (χ2) was employed. Quantitative data were expressed as means with standard deviation (mean ± SD). Result 67.3% of the participants were female; the mean ICIQ UI and ICIQ OAB scores in these MS patients were found to be 6.30 ± 6.26 and 5.32 ± 3.76, respectively. They were significantly higher in progressive MS patients compared to relapsing-remitting MS patients (p<0.05). There was a high positive correlation obtained between ICIQ UI and ICIQ OAB scores (rho=0.801, p<0.001). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that urinary incontinence was a common and distressing symptom experienced by individuals with MS. The severity of UI symptoms was significantly more in progressive multiple sclerosis compared to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

The prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated factors in adult women in primary care

:Araştırma, Eskişehir ili Odunpazarı ilçesine bağlı birinci basamak hizmeti veren bir aile hekimliğine kayıtlı kadınlarda üriner inkontinans prevalansının ve üriner inkontinansa neden olabilecek risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 18-70 yaş arası 237 kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan kadınlar arasında Üİ prevalansı %41,8 olarak bulunmuştur. İdrar kaçırma durumunu; Pelvik organ prolapsusu varlığı 33,164 kat, Beden Kitle İndeksinin yüksek olması 1,122 kat, idrar kaçırma öyküsü olan yakın varlığı 2,188 kat arttırmaktadır (p

Urinary Incontinence in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy of Type 1 Diabetic Women.

Type 1 diabetes increases the prevalence of urinary incontinence and may be responsible for additional changes to those existing in a regular gestational period. This study aimed to describe the presence and symptoms of urinary incontinence in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. In this Cross-sectional case control study, forty pregnant women in third gestational trimester were allocated in two equal groups - control group (CG) and type 1 diabetic group (1DMG). The patients answered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form and, to characterize the sample, they answered the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, gynecological history and, after delivery, the newborn weight was registered. The groups were compared using the Student's T Test for parametric variables and the U-Mann Whitney Test for non-parametric variables, both at 5% probability. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form score (p = 0.026) is higher in 1DMG (3.95 ± 4.70) compared to CG (1.05 ± 2.23). No correlations were found between time of diagnosis, HbA1c and newborn weight in relation to ICIQ-SF and other variables in CG and 1DMG with ICIQ-SF (p < 0.05). Type 1 diabetes mellitus, in the third trimester of gestation, seem to be associated with increase in the ICIQ-SF score.

The Prevalence of Incontinence and Its Association With Urinary Tract Infections, Dermatitis, Slips and Falls, and Behavioral Disturbances Among Older Adults in Medicare Fee-for-Service.

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of urinary (UI), fecal (FI), and dual incontinence (DI) in older adults and their association with urinary tract infections, dermatitis, slips and falls, and behavioral disturbances based on Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) claims data. Retrospective analysis. Data from administrative claims from the CMS Medicare Limited Data Set (5% sample) for all months in 2018 were reviewed. The analysis was limited to FFS Medicare beneficiaries, with minimum of 3-month enrollment in Parts A and B who were at least 65 years old. This cohort included 1.2 million beneficiaries in the United States. We used diagnosis codes to identify members with incontinence and grouped these members into 3 categories (UI only, FI only, and DI). We also divided claims based on 4 sites of care (nursing home, skilled nursing facility, home health, and self- or family care). We then determined the prevalence of (1) urinary tract infections (UTIs), (2) dermatitis, (3) slips and falls, and (4) behavioral disturbances for each type of incontinence. We found that 11.2% of Medicare members had a claims-based diagnosis of incontinence in 2018. On average, those diagnosed with incontinence experienced 5 times more UTIs, 2 times as many dermatitis events, more than twice as many slips and falls, and 2.8 times more behavior disturbances compared to those without an incontinence diagnosis. For those with DI, the prevalence of the 4 outcomes was significantly higher (between 22% and 185%) compared to those with UI only. Findings show that Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed as incontinent experience a much higher prevalence of UTIs, dermatitis, slips and falls, and behavioral disturbances compared to those without a diagnosis of incontinence. Our results suggest that incontinence may be an important indicator diagnosis for multiple other conditions and, if not well-managed, may challenge the desire for those who are incontinent to age at home.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated factors in nursing homes: a multicentre cross-sectional study

BackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) is a common geriatric syndrome with high health and socio-economic impacts in nursing home (NH) residents.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence and types of UI and its associated factors in older people living in NHs in Central Catalonia (Spain). We also determined the proportion of residents who were receiving behavioural strategies to prevent/manage UI.Design and settingCross-sectional study in 5 NHs conducted from January to March 2020.MethodsWe included consenting residents aged 65 + permanently living in the NHs. Residents who were hospitalized, in a coma or palliative care were excluded. UI was assessed using Section H of the Minimum Data Set. Sociodemographic and health-related variables were examined. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were performed.ResultsWe included 132 subjects (82.6% women), mean age of 85.2 (SD = 7.4) years. The prevalence of UI was 76.5% (95% CI: 68.60-82.93). The most common type was functional UI (45.5%), followed by urgency UI (11.4%). Only 46.2% of residents received at least one behavioural strategy to manage UI. Most sedentary behaviour (SB) variables presented a p-value lower than 0.001 in the bivariate analyses, but none remained in the final model. Moderate-severe cognitive impairment (OR = 4.44, p =.003), anticholinergic activity (OR = 3.50, p =.004) and risk of sarcopenia using SARC-F (OR = 2.75, p =.041) were associated with UI.ConclusionsThe prevalence of UI was high in this sample of NH residents compared to the literature, yet less than half received prompted voiding as a strategy to prevent/reduce UI.UI was associated with cognitive impairment, anticholinergic activity, and risk of sarcopenia.

Stress urinary incontinence prevalence and risk factors in female rugby players: a common health problem across four nations

ObjectivesFemale athletes engaging in high-impact sports have a higher prevalence of experiencing stress urinary incontinence (SUI). However, the prevalence of sport-specific SUI and associated risk factors in female rugby players...

Unveiling Pelvic Floor Health: Understanding Awareness, Perspectives and Habits in Pakistani Women of Reproductive Age

The pelvic floor, a crucial anatomical structure supporting pelvic organs, is vital in various physiological functions. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) encompasses disorders affecting pelvic floor muscles and is a significant health concern globally. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has been advocated for managing PFD, especially in women post-childbearing. However, there is a lack of awareness and understanding regarding PFMT in Pakistani women. Objective: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) towards PFMT among women of childbearing age in a rural health centre in Haripur, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a Rural Health Center in Haripur, Pakistan, involving 158 women aged 20 to 50. A structured questionnaire covered KAP's details regarding PFMT. Data analysis employed SPSS 26.0, utilizing mean and standard deviation. Results: The study revealed a response rate of 52.6%, with a mean age of 30±7.3 years for participants. Notably, 29.1% of women reported an inability to control their urine. Knowledge assessment showed that 54.9% of participants knew pelvic exercises and their potential benefits. Attitude towards PFMT was positive in 41.8% of women, while only 20.5% practised PFMT regularly. Pregnant women exhibited a higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Conclusions: The study concludes that a substantial proportion of women in Pakistan lack awareness of PFMT benefits, leading to inadequate practice. This underscores the importance of implementing awareness programs and training sessions targeting women of childbearing age to address the challenges posed by PFD effectively.

Examining the Role of Frailty on Treatment Patterns and Complications Among Older Women Undergoing Procedure-Based Treatment for Urinary Incontinence.

Aging beyond 65 years is associated with increased prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), frailty, and increased complication rate with UI treatments. To investigate this relationship, we examined frailty as a predictor of procedure-based UI treatment patterns and urologic complications in Medicare-eligible women. We identified women undergoing procedures for UI between 2011 and 2018 in the 5% limited Medicare data set. A claims-based frailty index (CFI) using data from the 12 months prior to the index procedure defined frailty (CFI ≥0.25). Urologic complications were assessed during the 12 months following the index procedure. We used unadjusted logistic regression models to calculate odds of having a specific type of UI procedure based on frailty status. Odds of postprocedure urologic complications were examined with logistic regression adjusted for age and race. We identified 21783 women who underwent a procedure-based intervention for UI, of whom 3826 (17.5%) were frail. Frail women with stress UI were 2.6 times more likely to receive periurethral bulking (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.26-2.95), compared to nonfrail. Conversely, frailty was associated with lower odds of receiving a Sling or Burch colposuspension. Among women with urgency UI or overactive bladder, compared to nonfrail, frailty was associated with higher odds of both sacral neuromodulation (odds ratio [OR] = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.11-1.33) and intravesical Botox (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.06-1.28), but lower odds of receiving posterior tibial nerve stimulation. Frailty was associated with higher odds of postprocedure urologic complications (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.47-1.81). Frailty status may influence treatment choice for treatment of stress or urgency UI symptoms and increase the odds of postprocedural complications in older women.

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence and Coping Attitudes in Women With and Without Incontinence in Turkey

Aim: Coping strategies are thought to be important in dealing with a problem that affects women's well-being and quality of life, such as incontinence (UI). This study was done to investigate the incidence of UI and coping attitudes in women without and with UI in Turkey. &#x0D; Material and Methods: The descriptive study was carried out with 417 women who were applied in a Healthy Life Center located in Turkey. The study data were obtained using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (Short Form) (ICIQ-SF) and Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced (COPE). &#x0D; Results: It was found that 34.8% of women had UI. It was determined that women used more common problem and emotion-focused coping attitudes” which are functional coping attitudes. It was found that women with UI used "withdrawal" which are problem-functional coping attitude "acceptance" which are emotion-functional coping attitude and "denial" and "behavioral disengagement" which are dysfunctional coping attitudes more than women without UI. &#x0D; Conclusion: It was determined that one third of the women had UI and they used more common problem-and emotion-focused coping attitudes. Although urinary incontinence has a chance of being treated, it is a condition that has major physical, psychosocial and economic effects on society, and is often reported to the health institution by women, and treatment is delayed.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence in middle-aged and elderly adults in 10 areas in China

Objective: To describe the population and area distribution differences in the prevalence of urinary incontinence in middle-aged and elderly adults in 10 areas in China. Methods: A total of 24 913 participants aged 45-95 years who completed the third resurvey of China Kadoorie Biobank during 2020-2021 were included. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was assessed by an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and urinary incontinence was classified as only stress urinary incontinence, only urgency urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence. The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its subtypes were reported by sex, age and area, and the severity of urinary incontinence and treatment were described. Results: The average age of the participants was (65.4±9.1) years. According to the seventh national census data in 2020, the age-standardized prevalence rates of urinary incontinence was 25.4% in women and 7.0% in men. The age-standardized prevalence rates of only stress, only urgency and mixed incontinence were 1.7%, 4.2% and 1.2% in men and 13.5%, 5.8% and 6.1% in women, respectively. The prevalence rates of urinary incontinence and all subtypes in men and the prevalence of urinary incontinence and all subtypes except only stress urinary incontinence in women all increased with age (P<0.001). After adjusting for age, the prevalence of urinary incontinence in both men and women were higher in rural area than in urban area (P<0.001). The treatment rates in men and women with urinary incontinence were 15.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high in middle-aged and elderly adults in China, and the prevalence rate was higher in women than in men, but the treatment rate of urinary incontinence was low.

Epidemiological Profile and Attitudes of Pregnant Women Toward Urinary Incontinence: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study.

The objective was to highlight the epidemiological and clinical profile of urinary incontinence in pregnant women during the first trimester and to determine their knowledge and attitudes toward this condition in Kinshasa. We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study among 127 pregnant women who came for prenatal consultations in the first trimester from January to March 2022 at the LISANGA Medical Centre in Kinshasa. A questionnaire was developed containing the Urinary Symptom Profile (USP) scale. Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality tests were used to determine the normality of the distribution of the study variables. Inferential statistics were performed. The significance level was 0.05. The mean age was 29.7±5.5 years. Thirty-eight women (29.9%) were primigravida. The median age of pregnancy was 6 weeks of amenorrhoea. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 73.2%, with 31.2% of urge urinary incontinence and 16.1% of stress incontinence. In 61.4% of cases, overactive bladder was associated with urinary incontinence. Among the incontinent pregnant women, 3.2% had consulted a doctor while accepting that this condition is a health problem, 13.4% knew they had a pelvic floor muscle, 4.7% had knowledge of its rehabilitation, and 8.7% had benefited from gymnastics during pregnancy. Urinary incontinence was frequent in the first trimester of pregnancy with a predominance of urgency. It was hardly discussed during prenatal consultations and pregnant women were not aware of the pelvic floor muscle, its rehabilitation, and of gymnastics during pregnancy.

Correlation Between Insulin Resistance and Urinary Incontinence in Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at a high risk of developing urinary incontinence; however, its pathogenesis is unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between insulin resistance and urinary incontinence and its severity in female patients with T2DM. A total of 366 women with T2DM aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the homeostasis model insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and urinary incontinence was assessed by the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF). All subjects were divided into four groups according to HOMA-IR quartiles. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and urinary incontinence and its severity. Among the 366 patients, 186 (50.8%) had urinary incontinence. The prevalence of urinary incontinence increased significantly with HOMA-IR quartiles (p < 0.001). Adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that compared with HOMA-IR ≤ 1.76, 2.81 ≤ HOMA-IR ≤ 4.27 was associated with a significantly increased risk of moderate incontinence (OR = 2.197, 95% CI 1.031-4.683, p = 0.041), and HOMA-IR ≥ 4.28 was associated with a significantly increased risk of severe incontinence (OR = 5.699, 95% CI 1.685-19.276, p = 0.005). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was the independent risk factor for urinary incontinence (p < 0.001). Higher levels of insulin resistance are associated with urinary incontinence and its severity in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Factors Influencing the Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in Women and its Impact on Sexual Quality of Life

Factors Influencing the Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in Women and its Impact on Sexual Quality of Life

Prevalence and variables associated with UI in pregnant women: review

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition in pregnant women, with pregnancy being the main aggravating factor for UI. Aims: To identify the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the third trimester of pregnancy and its associated factors. Method: Integrative review in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Google Scholar databases, with data collection carried out from April to October 2022; between the chronological period of publications from 2017 to 2022. Results: It was possible to observe that urinary incontinence is more prevalent in the third trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, maternal age, number of births, vaginal births and obesity were the most present variables as well. It showed that physiotherapy is beneficial and efficient in relation to the treatment and prevention of urinary incontinence during pregnancy, using techniques and resources that restore and improve the strength of the pelvic floor muscles. Conclusion: UI is more prevalent in the third trimester, with vaginal birth and obesity being risk factors. Pelvic Physiotherapy can prevent and treat gestational UI.

PREVALENCE, SEVERITY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF URINARY INCONTINENCE IN WOMEN IN RURAL PAKISTAN

Urinary incontinence (UI) stands as a prevalent and multifaceted health concern affecting a substantial population of women globally. The basic aim of the study is to find the prevalence, severity and associated factors of urinary incontinence in women in rural Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Catchment areas of Rural Health Centres Kangra and Kot Najibullah, District Haripur, Pakistan, from 1st November 2022 to 31st November 2023. Data was collected from 3064 women by using a random sampling technique. Detailed information was retrieved, encompassing demographics (such as age, gender distribution, and menopausal status), medical history (including comorbidities), lifestyle factors (like smoking status and body mass index), and specific UI-related data (including severity, frequency, and associated factors). Data were collected from 3064 female patients suffering from UI. Age, considered as a significant factor, shows a notable increase in UI occurrence with advancing age: 15.7% in the 18-39 age group, 21.3% among those aged 40-59, and a higher prevalence of 32.1% in women aged 60 and above. It is concluded that this study provides significant insights into the prevalence and sociodemographic associations of urinary incontinence (UI) among local women in Pakistan. The findings highlight the complex nature of UI, explaining its varying prevalence across different age groups, educational levels, marital ages, and parity statuses.