Prevalence Of Traffic Accidents Research Articles

Evaluation of Traffic Accidents in the Province of Albay: Basis for Sustainable Traffic Management Framework

The traffic safety situation around the world is still not optimistic. Accidents occur due to a combination of factors and are rarely caused by a specific reason. Risk factors are a better explanation for why traffic accidents occur. This study determined the traffic accidents in the province of Albay. It identified the number of reported traffic accidents in the Province of Albay covering Calendar Year 2020 to 2022. It also determined the causes and risk factors of traffic accidents regarding driver's behaviors, road conditions, vehicle conditions, traffic signs, and traffic management. Moreover, it inferred a significant agreement among the ranks regarding the causes and risk factors of traffic accidents. It proposed a traffic management framework to prevent traffic accidents in the province of Albay. The respondents of this study are 60 personnel from the three CPS in Albay, 30 from the Local Government Unit, and 47 community, representing the riders and commuters in the Poblacion area. The study revealed a concerning prevalence of traffic accidents, underscoring a pressing public concern due to the high number of casualties and severity of outcomes. Despite this, road safety has not received sufficient attention, attributed to a lack of awareness regarding the problem's extent, associated costs, and effective interventions. Implementing a comprehensive traffic management framework involving collaboration among stakeholders is crucial for understanding and addressing the multifaceted causes of accidents, emphasizing the importance of community-wide initiatives and cooperation among various entities to enhance public awareness and promote responsible driving behavior.

Traffic accident mortality change and its relation to ambient temperature in a dry region of Iran; a study using generalized additive mixed models

Background: Traffic accidents is one of the main causes of mortality, and has a high impact on overall health and development. Iran is a country with a high prevalence of traffic accidents, and this has been a big concern. In this study, we aimed to study the past decade’s trend in mortality due to traffic accident in Kerman, Iran, and its relation with ambient temperature by using Generalized Additive Mixed Models. Methods: Meteorological data, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed were obtained from the Meteorological Organization of Kerman and traffic mortality data were obtained from the Health Deputy of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. In order to explore the relations, Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) were used. Additive models are nonparametric forms of regression models in which the summation of regression coefficients × explanatory variables of a linear regression is replaced by a summation of arbitrary smooth functions of the explanatory variables. Results: About 2900 deaths due to traffic accident occurred from March 2005 until May 2017 in Kerman. The monthly average deaths were 20.01(±14.43) that was more for men than women (15.42 vs 4.58), and was highest in the age 31-60 group. Non-linear effect of time on mortality was significant. There was a negative effect of time on mortality until 2009, while all other confounders were adjusted. After a short-term increasing trend till early 2011, and then a decreasing trend until 2013, an increasing trend was observed again. Holding pollutants, temperature and year (trend effect) stable, mortality tended to be higher for the first half of year, with an increasing slope in the first 3 months of the year. Monthly average temperatures below 13°C was related with increased mortality, but average temperatures around 20°C had no effect on mortality. High temperatures (>23°C) were associated with less mortality. Conclusion: Most traffic accident related deaths occurred in first half of year (spring and summer), and it is probably because of increased inter-city traveling during the summer break. Our results showed that high extreme temperatures have less contribution on the mortality.

Amputação primária no trauma: perfil de um hospital da região centro-oeste do Brasil

CONTEXTO: Vivemos num período de epidemia do trauma. A amputação de indicação traumática incide em uma população jovem e economicamente ativa com repercussão onerosa no âmbito socioeconômico, tornando-se um problema de saúde pública. OBJETIVOS: Conhecer a casuística de amputações traumáticas realizadas na Santa Casa de Campo Grande-MS, entre 2005 e 2008. MÉTODOS: Estudo de prevalência, descritivo, longitudinal e retrospectivo. Amostragem de conveniência, realizada com revisão sistemática de prontuários de pacientes submetidos a amputações de membros inferiores e/ou superiores cuja indicação foi trauma incompatível com reconstrução. Foram excluídos os pacientes que já chegaram amputados no pronto-socorro. Avaliaram-se nível de amputação, faixa etária, sexo e escala do sistema MESS para indicação de amputação traumática. Utilizaram-se o teste quiquadrado e o teste exato de Fisher, considerando um intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: Foram realizadas 108 amputações no período, na faixa etária de dois anos a 78 anos, com média de 36,7 ± 12 anos e mediana de 35 anos. Houve predomínio do sexo masculino em 72% da casuística. O nível de amputação mais executado foi de amputações menores (pododáctilos e quirodáctilos). A causa mais frequente foi lesão decorrente de acidente de trânsito. CONCLUSÕES: As amputações traumáticas atingiram uma população jovem e produtiva, conforme corroborado pela literatura, com predomínio de acidentes de trânsito com lesões ortopédicas e neurológicas associadas.