Prevalence Of Stress Urinary Incontinence Research Articles

The point prevalence of stress incontinence among young adult Jordanian women based on activity levels.

Stress Urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition among women of all ages. The point prevalence of SUI among young adult Jordanian women is less explored. To examine the point prevalence of SUI among this sample based on activity level, and whether the affected women have shared their complaints with healthcare providers and/or received education related to UI. This was a cross-sectional survey-based study. Participants with diseases that affect the control of micturition were excluded. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI Short-Form was used to calculate the point prevalence of UI. The Tegner activity scale was used to classify participants based on their physical activity levels. The participants reported whether they shared their complaints with a healthcare provider or received education about this health problem. Five hundred women (median age=20years, BMI=22) participated (118 competitive athletes, 192 recreational, and 190 sedentary). The overall point prevalence of SUI was 14% (n=61). A chi-square test of independence showed a significant difference in the point prevalence of SUI between women with different activity levels, χ2 (12)=12.07, p<0.01. The point prevalence of SUI among competitive athletes, recreational women, and sedentary women was 21%, 8%, and 11%, respectively. None of those with SUI have shared their complaints with healthcare providers or received education related to SUI. SUI is prevalent among young adult Jordanian women, with the highest prevalence observed in those engaged in competitive athletic activities. The affected women refrain from disclosing their SUI-related concerns to healthcare practitioners and lack sufficient knowledge about this health issue.

Экономическая эффективность лечения недержания мочи в условиях стационара кратковременного пребывания.

Introduction. The high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in women increases the demand for surgical treatment. Modern minimally invasive techniques and improvements in anesthetic care significantly reduce the complications risk and improve the rehabilitation process. Short-stay hospital (SSH) facilitates faster patients return to normal life and reduces the burden on the healthcare system. Materials and methods. Economic department of the S.I. Spasokukotsky City Clinical Hospital (now State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the City of Moscow «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine named after S.I. Spasokukotsky Department of Health of the City of Moscow» Branch No. 3) calculated the cost of stress urinary incontinence treating (midurethral sling, medical cod 200511) in SSH and 24-hour hospital. Results. The cost of performing midurethral sling in the SSH conditions was 78144,27 rubles, a similar intervention in a 24-hour hospital – 88211,27 rubles. Cost-effectiveness was 11,41%. According to the calculations, treatment in SSH conditions is economically justified what means an adequate level of resource management. Conclusion. Treatment in SSH is more cost-effective particularly for patients with stress urinary incontinence. Patients should be encouraged to undergo treatment in SSH.

Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence symptoms and their impact on the quality of life of Palestinian women: the first large cross-sectional study among the general population

BackgroundLittle studies were conducted to assess the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence among Palestinian women. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence symptoms, their impact on the quality of life, and the risk factors that were associated with stress incontinence symptoms among Palestinian women.MethodsThis study was conducted in a cross-sectional design from 2023 to 2024. The data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire collected the demographic and health characteristics of the women. Additionally, the questionnaire also contained the PRAFAB questionnaire (PRAFAB-Q). Moreover, the questionnaire included the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL)-8D scale.ResultsData were collected from 386 Palestinian women (response rate = 85.8%). The mean age of women in this study was 37.1 ± 14.7 years. In this study, 104 (26.9%) reported stress urinary incontinence symptoms. Of the women, 102 (26.4%) reported urinary leakage during coughing, 100 (25.9%) reported urinary leakage during sneezing, and 94 (24.4%) reported urinary leakage during laughing. The women who had a family history of stress incontinence were 2.5-fold (95% CI: 1.2–5.2) more likely to have stress incontinence symptoms compared to the women who did not have a family history of stress incontinence. Similarly, the women who were overweight/obese were 2.0-fold (95% CI: 1.1–3.7) more likely to have stress incontinence symptoms compared to the women who were underweight or had a normal weight. PRAFAB-Q scores were predicted by place of residence, family history of stress incontinence, and being recruited from a hospital.ConclusionThe study reported a high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence and identified the risk factors that were associated with stress incontinence symptoms among Palestinian women. The findings showed that the intensity of stress urinary incontinence symptoms was associated with deteriorated quality of life of the affected women. These findings could be used by urologists, gynecologists, obstetricians, and other healthcare providers caring for women to design ways to reduce the burden of stress urinary incontinence among Palestinian women and improve their quality of life.

Predictive factors of stress urinary incontinence after Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: a magnetic resonance imaging-based retrospective study.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) remains a prevalent complication after Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP). This retrospective analysis aims to delineate perioperative and anatomical determinants of SUI as observed on preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in patients subjected to HoLEP. We reviewed 216 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) cases managed via HoLEP by a singular urologist at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 2021 to September 2022. Comprehensive medical documentation, including age, body mass index (BMI), prostate volume (PV), total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), and perioperative variables: operative time (OT), enucleated prostate volume (EPV), were assessed. Detailed analyses of preoperative prostate mpMRI scans were conducted to measure factors such as thickness of the posterior wall of the membranous urethral sphincter (TPWMUS), membranous urethral length (MUL), membranous urethral volume (MUV), and prostatic apex morphology. The cohort encompassed 216 participants, among whom 45 (20.83%) experienced SUI subsequent to one month of HoLEP therapy. At three months, 23 individuals exhibited recovery, reducing the prevalence of SUI to 10.19%. By the six-month milestone, the incidence further declined to 1.38%, with 19 patients reporting normalization of continence. Binary logistic regression analysis identified OT, TPWMUS, and prostatic apex and membranous urethral overlap (PAOMU) emerged as independent risk factors for SUI, while MUV was identified as a protective factor. The risk of SUI post-HoLEP is significantly associated with OT, TPWMUS, and PAOMU, while MUV imparting a protective effect.

Pretreatment of the urethral mucosa at the tip of the prostate: a retrospective review in preventing stress urinary incontinence after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate.

Explore the clinical application value of urethral mucosal pretreatment at the tip of the prostate in preventing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP). Eighty-seven patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with ThuLEP from June 2021 to December 2022 were divided into two groups. Of these, 42 patients (group A) underwent conventional ThuLEP and 45 patients (group B) were enucleated after pretreatment of the urethral mucosa. At the tip of the prostate, pretreatment of the urethral mucosa consisted of pushing the gland separately on both sides at the level of the verumontanum and cutting off the mucosa near the external urethral sphincter clockwise and counterclockwise. The perioperative and postoperative follow-up indicators [operation time, hemoglobin reduction, complications, Qmax, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and post-void residual (PVR) volume] of the two groups of patients were collected and compared. All patients were followed up 1 month after surgery. All 87 procedures were successfully completed. There was no significant difference in age and gland size between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between operating time and hemoglobin reduction in the two groups (P > 0.05). The Qmax, IPSS, QOL, and PVR volume were significantly improved postoperatively in both groups (P < 0.05). Temporary SUI occurred in both groups [12 cases (28.5%) in group A and 3 cases (6.7%) in group B (P < 0.05)]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection and urethral stricture between the two groups (P > 0.05). Pretreatment of the urethral mucosa before ThuLEP for BPH significantly reduces the incidence of SUI after surgery. This technique, which preconditions the apical urethral mucosa of the prostate, is safe and effective, has few complications, and is worthy of clinical application.

Cardiovascular health assessed by the new life’s essential 8 and the prevalence of urinary incontinence in adults

ObjectiveTo explore the association between cardiovascular health (CVH) measured by Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) and the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI).MethodA cross-section study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2012. 22,609 people aged ≥ 20 years with complete information on LE8 metrics and UI questionnaires were enrolled. Participants were divided into three groups (low: < 50, moderate: ≥ 50 and < 80, high: ≥ 80) based on the cut-off of LE8. Weighted proportions, multivariable logistic regression analysis and stratified logistic regression were performed to examine the association between LE8 and the prevalence of three types of UI separately (stress UI (SUI), urge UI (UUI), mixed UI (MUI)) by confounding factors adjusted. Spline smooth was conducted to find whether a linear relationship existed. In addition, sensitive analyses were also conducted to observe the stability.ResultA total of 22,609 adults were involved in the study, and participants were divided into three groups (low 42.2 ± 6.3, moderate 66.1 ± 8.1, high 86.8 ± 5.1) according to the cut-off points of LE8. The multivariable logistic regression suggested that LE8 is inversely associated with the prevalence of SUI (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.98 to 0.99), UUI (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.98 to 0.99), and MUI (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.97 to 0.98) in the fully-adjusted model. Compared with the low group, people with high scores of LE8 had a lower prevalence of SUI (OR = 0.45, 95%CI 0.37 to 0.55), UUI (OR = 0.49, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.60), and MUI (OR = 0.41, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.55). The result of the sensitive analysis showed the robustness of the main analysis.ConclusionThe prevalence of UI (SUI, UUI, or MUI) is inversely associated with the LE8 score, which suggests that maintaining a good CVH with a higher LE8 score is accompanied by lower prevalence rates of UUI, SUI, and MUI.

Management of Stress Urinary Incontinence by Obstetricians and Gynecologists in Jordan: A Nationwide Survey Study.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Although multiple diagnostic and treatment options exist, significant variability in SUI management exists between countries. Since women's SUI prevalence in Jordan is high, and Jordan is a lower-middle-income country, this study aimed to investigate how obstetricians and gynecologists (OBGYNs) across Jordan manage and treat women with SUI. A Google Forms survey was prepared and sent out to Jordanian OBGYNs via WhatsApp. The results were collected and arranged in Microsoft Excel and then transferred to SPSS for statistical analysis. Out of the 804 Jordanian registered OBGYNs, 497 could be reached, 240 conduct gynecological surgeries, and 94 completed the survey, providing a response rate of 39.2%. Most of the respondents were females between 41 and 55 years old. More than 70% of the OBGYNs worked in the private sector, and 88.3% operated in the capital of Jordan. Most of the respondents favored lifestyle and behavior therapy (43.6%) or pelvic floor physiotherapy (40.4%) as the first-line management for SUI. The transobturator mid-urethral sling (MUS) was the most common initial surgical treatment option. The physicians preferred two-staged procedures for the repair of pelvic organ prolapse alongside concomitant SUI. In the case of recurrent SUI following surgery, 77% of the respondents chose to refer to a urologist or urogynecologist. The Jordanian OBGYNs preferred using lifestyle/behavioral therapy and pelvic floor muscle physiotherapy as the first-line treatment to manage SUI. Secondly, the MUS would be the most frequently preferred surgical choice. To effectively manage SUI, adequate training in urogynecology and referral resources are essential in lower-middle-income countries.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence in nulliparous Indian sportswomen.

A common gynaecological problem among women that leads to a negative impact on quality of life and causes distress is the involuntary loss of urine which is addressed as urinary incontinence (UI). Females involved in playing various types of sports perform high-intensity activities which can serve as risk factors for UI and pelvic organ prolapse. According to the available literature, there is a scarcity of information regarding data on the prevalence of UI in Indian female athletes. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of UI in nulliparous Indian sportswomen. For a duration of 6 months, a cross-sectional study was carried out in various sports centres across the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Delhi. A total of 560 nulliparous Indian female sportswomen were involved based on the selection criteria. The various sports involved were malkhamb, kabaddi, kushti, weightlifting, gymnastics, basketball, badminton, and athletics. All the participants were provided with a questionnaire for female UI diagnosis (QUID), which was the primary outcome measure. Out of 560 women enrolled in the study, the highest prevalence was found for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), consisting of 126 (22.5%) women, followed by mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), involving 49 (8.8%) women, and urge urinary incontinence (UUI), including 47 (8.4%) women. Additionally, the prevalence of UI was highest in obese and overweight Indian sportswomen. Moreover, the highest prevalence of SUI among women was for weightlifting, whereas for UUI and MUI, malkhamb and kushti sports were the most prevalent, respectively. The present study concluded that the highest prevalence among nulliparous Indian sportswomen was for SUI, followed by MUI and UUI. Additionally, weightlifting sport showed the highest prevalence for SUI, followed by malkhamb for UUI and kushti for MUI. The prevalence of UI in Indian sportswomen is important as it imparts knowledge and awareness among women and benefits professionals in designing appropriate preventive and rehabilitative protocols for curtailing such problems in the near future.

Can Primigravid Stress Urinary Incontinence be Predicted by Translabial Urethral Motion Profile Ultrasonography?

Aims: To determine SUI prevalence and its association with urethral and bladder neck mobility among late third-trimester primigravid women. Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a relatively common urogynecological disorder in pregnant women that significantly disrupts their quality of life. Although its prevalence is increasing along with gestational age, there have been reports of underreporting due to various reasons. Therefore, a diagnostic modality is needed to determine the presence of SUI in such a population. Methods: A total of 209 late third-trimester primigravid women included in the study between November 2016 and July 2019 were examined by translabial ultrasound. Bladder neck descent (BND), retrovesical angle (RVA), urethral rotation (RoU) and funneling were observed in each patient. SUI was diagnosed using a cough stress test and Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID). Thirty-five subjects from each group were randomly selected for further analysis. Results: Among 209 late third-trimester primigravid women, SUI was observed in 57 patients (prevalence 27.3%). The RVA and funneling of the SUI group were significantly higher than the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The BND and RoU were similar between groups. Identified risk factors of SUI were body mass index &gt;23 kg/m2 and the presence of funneling in the translabial ultrasound. Conclusions: The prevalence of SUI among late third-trimester primigravid was 27.3%. Positive funneling and higher BMI were shown to be the independent risk factors for SUI.

Experience in treating apical pelvic organ prolapse in women using mesh implants

Objective: to evaluate the results of surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse using mesh implants.Materials and methods: experience in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse using mesh implants on the basis of the Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia is presented. The features of the surgical technique for performing laparoscopic sacropexy and pectopexy, the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques, as well as the results obtained after surgery are considered.Results: during the period from 2016 to 2022, 567 surgical interventions using mesh implants were performed at the gynecology department. The effectiveness of POP correction using laparoscopic access reached 93.4% (p&lt; 0.001). The recurrence rate of apical prolapse was 6.6% (p&lt; 0.001). 20% of patients experienced constipation after sacropexy (p&lt; 0.001), which was not observed after pectopexy. The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence de novo after laparoscopic sacropexy was 4.1%; this complication was not diagnosed after pectopexy. 37.4% of patients who underwent laparoscopic sacropexy reported dyspareunia, whereas 6.1% of women who underwent pectopexy had dyspareunia (p&lt; 0.001). Also, in 0.64% of cases after urethropexy, a complication such as erosion of the vaginal wall was recorded (p&lt; 0.001).Conclusions: laparoscopic sacropexy and pectopexy are effective methods of surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse, and pectopexy has a number of advantages compared to sacropexy.

The Effect of Kegel Exercises and Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy on the Improvements of Stress Urinary Incontinence and Urge Incontinence in Women with Normal Vaginal Delivery

Objectives: Pregnancy and normal vaginal delivery, are the main risk factors for urinary incontinence in women. A variety of treatments such as bladder training and pelvic floor exercises are effective for urinary incontinence. This interventional study has been conducted to compare the influence of Kegel exercises and pelvic floor physiotherapy on the improvements of urge and stress incontinence in women with first or second singleton pregnancies who have experienced normal vaginal delivery. Methods: One hundred fifty women with urinary incontinence in the postpartum period, who were divided randomly into 3 groups of 50 patients, participated in this prospective interventional study. The women were primigravida or it was their second labor. None of them complained of urinary incontinence before pregnancy. All of them had a normal vaginal delivery. The first group included females who were asked to perform Kegel exercises. The second group had 8 weekly physiotherapy appointments. The control group, included mothers who received routine care. We compared the prevalence of urge and stress incontinence between groups. Results: We found that the relative risk of urge and stress incontinence among mothers in the control group was more than in the intervention groups, but this difference was only statistically significant in the subject of stress incontinence between the Kegel and control groups. The reduction of urge incontinence prevalence among mothers in the Kegel and physiotherapy groups, was more than control group, although this reduction was not significant. Conclusion: There is a significant decrease in the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence at the end of the 8th and 12th weeks postpartum compared to the control group. Although the prevalence of urge incontinence among women in intervention groups was lower than in the control group, it was not significant. It seems the effect of Kegel exercises and pelvic floor physiotherapy, in reducing stress incontinence at the end of the 8th week, is almost equal.

Association of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level with risk of stress urinary incontinence in women: a retrospective study

BackgroundStudies have found that high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are linked to a variety of diseases. However, evidence for the relationship between stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and HDL-C remain limited.Methods590 eligible women were enrolled. Basic characteristic, gynecological examinations and blood sampling were collected. The examination of the possible link between HDL-C and SUI was done using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Feature importance ranking and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to further evaluate the association between HDL-C and SUI in women.ResultsA significant association was found between HDL-C and SUI in women, revealing higher HDL-C levels were related to a lower risk of SUI (OR 0.238; 95%CI: 0.091–0.623; P < 0.01) after adjustment for potential key confounders. The AUC for the SUI predicted by the combined HDL-C was 0.845 (95%CI: 0.798–0.891, P < 0.001). The feature importance ranking revealed that vaginal delivery, HDL-C were the top two important factors.ConclusionsHDL-C levels were correlated with the development of SUI. In addition to physical and surgical treatments, HDL-C may offer the possibility of potential targeted treatment and prevention of SUI afterwards.

Association Between Added Sugar Intake and Urinary Incontinence in Females: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a widespread issue in women that severely impacts quality of life. The addition of sugar is associated with multiple adverse effects on health. This study examined the potential association between added sugar intake and UI. Adult females from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (2005-2018) were included in this study. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Weighted logistic regression, stratified logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and sensitivity analyses were utilized to determine whether added sugar was associated with UI after multivariate adjustment. A total of 14,927 participants met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed a heightened prevalence ofSUI, UUI, and MUI in the fourth quartile of added sugar energy percentage (OR = 1.304, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.105-1.539; OR = 1.464, 95% CI = 1.248-1.717; OR = 1.657, 95% CI = 1.329-2.065 respectively). The effect was more pronounced in young women and the subgroup analyses did not reveal any noteworthy interaction effects. According to the sensitivity analyses, the results for SUI and the MUI were consistent with those of the primary analyses. The excessive intake of added sugar among women may increase their risk of SUI and MUI. Our study highlights the negative effects of added sugar on female genitourinary health and highlights the need for universal access to healthy diets.

STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE: A TEN YEARS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affect a substantial percentage of women, significantly impacting their quality of life. This review explores the prevalence, definitions, and pathophysiology of SUI, POP, and associated urinary incontinence, emphasizing the need for medical attention and offering insights into current treatment trends over the past 5 years. Methods: The researchers in this study followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure that their work met the required standards. This was done to ensure the precision and reliability of the conclusions derived from the research. Result: Our search produced 21 results. After looking at the titles and summaries, we found 9 papers that fit our criteria. At first, we excluded several articles because they were written in review style. But after reading the full papers carefully, we included five papers in our final analysis. These papers included a retrospective observational study, prospective study, and randomized control trial. Conclusion: In this decade-long systematic review on stress urinary incontinence (SUI), notable findings include a 2.2 prevalence of SUI operations post-hysterectomy, persistent links between vaginal hysterectomy (VH) and SUI operations, and significant associations with preceding pelvic organ prolapse (POP), vaginal deliveries, laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH), and urinary incontinence (UI) visits. Combining pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strengthening with hip synergic muscle exercises improves daily urine loss frequency, while modifiable risk factors such as achieving an ideal body weight and preventing traumatic vaginal delivery are identified for SUI prevention. Cost analysis indicates that savings from avoiding unnecessary surgical treatments through urodynamic investigations (UDIs) in uncomplicated patients cover associated expenses, emphasizing the need to consider potential legal actions in a comprehensive cost assessment of negative externalities

Stress urinary incontinence prevalence and risk factors in female rugby players: a common health problem across four nations

ObjectivesFemale athletes engaging in high-impact sports have a higher prevalence of experiencing stress urinary incontinence (SUI). However, the prevalence of sport-specific SUI and associated risk factors in female rugby players...

The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and stress urinary incontinence in female adults: a population-based study.

Obesity has a significant impact on female stress urinary incontinence. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), a newly explored metric for measuring physical obesity and stress urine incontinence, has not been investigated. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of participants with complete data for WWI and SUI. The independent connection between WWI and SUI was examined using weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses. Smoothed curve fitting was used to study their relationship. In addition, subgroup analyses were performed, and interaction tests were undertaken. In 2,361 female participants over 20, WWI and SUI showed a positive association. Model 3 found that for each one-unit increase in WWI, SUI prevalence increased by 38% [1.38 (1.20, 1.59)]. The prevalence of SUI was 84% higher among participants in the highest quartile of WWI compared to those in the lowest quartile [1.84 (1.32, 2.57)]. Observed nonlinear positive correlation between WWI and SUI was revealed through smoothed curve fitting. In addition, we found that WWI was more strongly associated with SUI than traditional indicators of obesity, including BMI and weight. Females with higher weight-adjusted waist index levels were more likely to develop stress urinary incontinence and have a stronger correlation than traditional indicators of obesity. According to our research, WWI may help detect women's stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and managing obesity through the WWI index may reduce SUI prevalence rates.

Stress Urinary Incontinence in Young Female Athletes- From Prevalence to Treatment- A Review

Urinary incontinence is a prevalent issue among females aged 15-65, with prevalence rates ranging from 10% to 55%. Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) is the most common form in young athletes, with rates ranging from 0% (golf) to 80% (trampolinists). Activities like jumping, landing, and running can cause leakage due to an increase in intraabdominal pressure. This study aimed to identify management strategies and the prevalence of SUI in teenage female athletes. A literature search was conducted on studies conducted between 1990 and the present, excluding abstracted and non-open access studies. The research found that the chance of urinary stress incontinence in young and nulliparous female athletes in sports ranges from 0% (golf) to 80% (trampolinists). These activities, including gymnastics, long jumps, track and field, and ball activities, significantly impact their standard of existence, psychological situation, and athletic performance. Effective conservative treatment options for SUI include behavioral and lifestyle modifications, pelvic floor exercises, and core strengthening exercises. Female athletes require significantly stronger pelvic floor muscles than inactive females, and contraction of these muscles should occur as the inner core muscles are engaged. Future studies, instruction, and focused therapies are needed for female athletes with SUI.

Cost Effectiveness of Concurrent Midurethral Sling at the Time of Prolapse Repair: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT After pelvic reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse, postoperative stress urinary incontinence (SUI) commonly occurs, which leads many women to choose to have a midurethral sling placed at the time of surgery, even in cases without symptomatic preoperative urinary incontinence. Approximately 27.3% of women with a sling had de novo SUI despite this intervention. Full evaluation of the societal and economic implications brought by a midurethral sling placement attempting to prevent postoperative de novo SUI at the time of a pelvic reconstructive surgery have yet to be evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the 1-year cost-effectiveness of a midurethral sling in the prevention of SUI at the time of prolapse surgery. This assessment was a randomized controlled trial based on patient resource utilization and patient-reported effectiveness. Study data were obtained via the OPUS randomized clinical trial, which was performed through the Pelvic Floor Disorders Network (a cooperative agreement network sponsored through the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development). A total of 337 women with anterior vaginal prolapse and without SUI symptoms set to undergo treatment from May 2007 to January 2011 were included in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either sham incisions or a midurethral sling during vaginal prolapse surgery. Follow-up occurred at 3, 6, and 12 months postsurgery, with surveys, physical examinations, and medical history. Cost data were collected, and overall health utility in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) was calculated. Secondary outcomes were urinary incontinence-specific quality of life and cases of urinary incontinence, as defined by bothersome incontinence symptoms and positive cough stress tests. Initial surgical procedures and subsequent urinary incontinence-related health care were all used for recording health care sector costs. Total costs for study participants were collected via health care resource utilization data, including office visits, additional surgical procedures, and related procedures. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was the difference between the sham incision and midurethral sling groups in mean cost, divided by difference in mean QALYs. Data for health care resource utilization were collected during the trial period. Questionnaires at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were used to collect other costs. At 1 year, one-way sensitivity analysis was performed for assessing the varying effectiveness of midurethral slings at 1 year, by noting the urinary incontinence-associated patient costs and by using varied QALY for the sling group. Results were taken from a study population of 337 women who underwent randomization to be included in the analysis of cost-effectiveness. No great variance of characteristics existed between groups. One year after surgery, a lower rate of urinary incontinence existed for those in the midurethral sling group. Notably, QALYs were not statistically different between midurethral sling and sham incision groups at baseline, but at 12 months, there was an improvement in both the UDI stress subscale and an overall reduction in the Incontinence Severity Index for the midurethral sling group. In conclusion, although prophylactic midurethral sling placements during vaginal prolapse surgery does reduce the rate of de novo SUI, based on this analysis of date from the OPUS trial, it is not a cost-effective intervention. The decision to place a sling in this setting is often driven by cost savings on the patient side, whereas midurethral sling health care costs are higher than when sling is not done.

Menopause and stress urinary incontinence: The risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) increases around menopause. The quality of life of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with SUI is significantly affected. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SUI and the associated risk factors in a population of Chinese perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. A total of 273 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women were enrolled, and a cross-sectional study was conducted. SUI was defined as an involuntary loss of urine with increases in abdominal pressure. Data including personal characteristics, menopause information, estrogen levels, and pelvic floor muscle strength levels were statistically analyzed. The study enrolled 158 (57.9%) perimenopausal and 115 (42.1%) postmenopausal women. Sixty-six (41.8%) perimenopausal women and 56 (48.7%) postmenopausal women complained of SUI. The mean age was 49.42 ± 5.58 years. Body mass index over 24 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-3.81), vaginal delivery (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.33-4.58), and diabetes (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.23-17.62) were high-risk factors for SUI. Climacteric symptoms (evaluated by Kupperman index scores) were statistically related to SUI, and among the 13 symptoms, insomnia, nervousness, weakness and fatigue, arthralgia and myalgia, headache, palpitation, and sexual complaints were all correlated with SUI in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Several factors are associated with SUI in Chinese perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Obesity, vaginal delivery, climacteric symptoms, and diabetes were identified as the most notable risk factors. The management strategy could focus on the prevention and management of risk factors.

Prevalence of Stress Urinary Incontinence and Risk Factors among Saudi Females.

Background and Objectives: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is involuntary urine leakage upon effort or physical exertion, sneezing, or coughing, and it is the most prevalent type of urinary incontinence (UI) in women. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of SUI and its risk factors among Saudi females. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between March 2022 and July 2022, with a total of 842 respondents. We included Saudi females over the age of 20 years. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to the target group and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The prevalence of SUI was found to be 3.3% among Saudi women. Moreover, only 41.8% of the participants had at least one pregnancy; the majority had five or more pregnancies (29%). According to our findings, the majority of the participants diagnosed with SUI had the following risk factors: increased age, widowhood, a family history of SUI, and a history of pregnancy. The results revealed that the odds of SUI increased among Saudi females with a family history of SUI by 19.68-fold compared with those who had no family history of SUI, and this was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of SUI among Saudi females was found to be relatively low. The above-listed associated factors should be considered in future research and interventions.