Prevalence Of Stress Symptoms Research Articles

A cross-sectional analysis on the patterns and prevalence of anxiety, stress, and depression in patients at diagnosis with cancers of the oral cavity: A single institutional study

Background: It is a truth universally acknowledged that the diagnosis of cancer is a huge stress for both individuals and families. While many psychosocial variables have been shown to influence the mental well-being, these factors are so complicated and interlinked with each other, that their integrated effect on oral cancer patients, who constitute a large morbid group of patients, is yet to be recognized. Aims and Objectives: The present research work aims to find more about the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among patients with cancers of the oral cavity and work out on some key potentially predictive factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out for patients of oral cancer, attending the radiation oncology out-patient department (OPD) at Medical college, Kolkata, between April 2022 and March 2023, a 1-year period. A total of 89 patients with oral cancer were interviewed with questionnaires on demographic variables, depression anxiety stress scale 21, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer. Chi-square tests and Spearman Correlation tests were conducted where appropriate to explore relationships between different variables. Results: The prevalence of stress symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms was 44% (39/89), 60% (53/89), and 84% (75/89), respectively, among the patients interviewed. Addiction history of the patients was an important association found in this study. Conclusion: The prevalence of stress and depressive symptoms was high among the oral cancer patients attending the Radiation Oncology OPD at our institution as well as levels of anxiety. Certain social variables such as relationship with spouse, children, and other family members had a profound effect on the mental well-being of the patients. Furthermore, certain factors such as addiction to tobacco and its different forms reduced the coping up capability of the patients.

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN QUALITY OF LIFE WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE, DISORDERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND PECULIARITIES OF INFECTIOUS PNEUMONIA 3 MONTHS AFTER COVID-19

Highlights The severity of pneumonia and the presence of cardiovascular diseases have a negative impact on the physical aspect of quality of life. Women`s quality of life indicators tend to be worse than men`s. Regular work activity is a factor that improves the physical aspect of the quality of life. AbstractAim. To analyze the relationship between the quality of life (QoL) and the psychological and somatic state of patients 3 months after Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.Methods. The study is a part of the “Prospective Follow-up Study of Patients after COVID-19 Pneumonia” that involves data on 351 patients (age 53±11) 3 months after hospitalization. Women accounted for 51% of all patients. Cardiologist and clinical psychologist examined cardiovascular and psychological health of patients. We assessed QoL by using the SF-36 survey, and psychometric properties by using the GAD-7, PHQ-9 and PSS-10. We estimated the severity of the COVID-19 using the discharge summaries information.Results. The prevalence of stress symptoms (27,4% vs 5,1%, p = 0,030) and depression (18,00 [13,00–25,00] vs 20,00 [15,00–24,00], p = 0,032) were higher in patients with cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, QoL was lower in this group of patients in all subscales except for “Mental health” and “Mental health aspect”. Women were more 3 times more likely to experience psychological and emotional disorders compared to men (29,1% vs 16,2%, ОR = 2,615 95%; 95% CI 1,695–4,035; p<0,001). At the same time, all QoL indicators in women were significantly lower. For example, the average score on subscales “Mental health aspect” was equal to 47,17 [41,33–51,35] in women and 50,16 [46,65–52,35] in men (p<0,001), and the average score on subscale “Physical health aspect” was equal to 66,32 [60,71–72,62] in women and 63,82 [56,04–70,93] in men (p = 0,003). The QoL scores on physical health subscales were higher in patients with mild and moderate lung lesions. Scores on the “Social functioning” subscale were higher in unmarried patients (87,00 [62,50–100,00] in married patients and 100,00 [75,10–100,00] in unmarried patients; p = 0,017), and scores on the subscale “Physical health aspect” were lower in unemployed patients (48,73 [44,43–52,31] in employed patients and 44,84 [41,32–49,73] in unemployed patients; p<0,001).Conclusion. Тhe presence of cardiovascular disorders and severity of the COVID-19 pneumonia affected the physical aspect of QoL. QoL in women is worse compared with men. Regular work activity improves the physical aspect of QoL. There is a decrease in social activity in married patients after COVID-19 compared to unmarried patients.

Pregnancy-related psychological reactions among pregnant women followed-up at the Mermoz improved health post

Introduction: The bodily and psychological changes of pregnancy can be a source of well-being, but also of vulnerability and psychological suffering. The aim of this study was to investigate pregnancy-related psychological reactions in Senegalese pregnant women. Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive, and analytical study of pregnant women attended at the Mermoz Health Post in Dakar, Senegal from October 04, 2022, to December 26, 2022. We studied psychological reactions using the Brief Pregnancy Experience Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, the Marital Support Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results: The emotional experience of pregnancy was intense for both positive and negative pregnancy-related elements. Nonetheless, elements perceived as positive were more frequent and more intense. The prevalence of stress symptoms was 25%, depressive symptoms 53%, and anxiety symptoms 75%. The negative psychological impact was closely linked to risk factors such as young age, singlehood, low pregnancy experience (gestational age and parity), and low marital support. Also, low self-esteem in 53.1% of our population was correlated with low marital support. Conclusion: Most pregnant women report a positive pregnancy experience, but this positive feeling does not exclude high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression.

Factors associated with stress-related symptoms among people with epilepsy in Ethiopia, a cross-sectional study.

Stress is a common psychological problem present in people with epilepsy and has a serious impact on the health-related satisfaction of people with epilepsy and their cohabiters. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and related factors of stress. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 301 systematically chosen people with epilepsy. The seven stress-related items of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress -21 questionnaire was used to measure stress. Data were entered using Epi Info and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Predictors with a p-value < 0.20 in the bivariate logistic regression were transferred into the multivariate model. A p-value of less than 0.05 was viewed as statistically significant. The prevalence of stress symptoms in this study was 23.9%. Daily labor occupational status with Adjusted Odds ratio [(AOR) = 0.042, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.469], onset of illness at the age of 18 years and above (AOR = 0.188, 95% CI: 0.046, 0.771), perceived stigma (AOR = 3.320, 95% CI: 1.345, 8.200), the presence of anxiety symptoms (AOR = 8.275, 95% CI: 3.345, 20.471), and belief that the condition is untreatable (AOR = 6.360, 95% CI: 1.647, 24.562) were significantly associated factors. The occurrence of stress was high, and it reinforced that there is a requisite for the identification and handling of stress-related symptoms among people with epilepsy.

Campus Close-Down Came in Handy: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Sudanese Medical Students and Their Association With Brief and Extended Closure Periods

AimsTo estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among Sudanese medical students and investigate the relationship and impact of closure periods on depression.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical study was conducted. Data were collected from 1676 enrolled students from 10 medical schools in the capital of Sudan - Khartoum- who faced complete lockdown and agreed to participate in online google form. A self-administered questionnaire containing depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS-42) and socio-demographic inquires was used.ResultsThe chief responders were females 1158 (69.1%) while males were 518 (30.9%). The prevalence of stress symptoms was the highest (51.9%), followed by depression symptoms (49.8%) and anxiety symptoms (28.8%). 96 students attempted suicide (6%) and about 5 folds have suicidal ideation (27%). According to multiple binary logistic analyses, college closure time was significantly associated with decreasing chances of getting depression symptoms (OR: 0.39, 95% C.I: 0.21–0.70, p = 0.002), while being a female, COVID-19 patient or having a family history of depression appeared to elevate depression, anxiety and stress levels. The impact of university closure on stress and anxiety is non-significant.ConclusionDepression, stress, and to a lesser extent anxiety are widespread among Sudanese medical students and suicidal ideation is noteworthy. All of these require serious and expeditious interventions. Controversially, our findings suggest that university closure serves as a protective factor, relieving depression in medical students but not exaggerating it.

Psychosocial factors and symptoms of stress in workers of a tire manufacturing company, Jalisco, Mexico

The objective of this study was to increase the knowledge of social and labor stressors that make up one of the main causes of occupational hazards. A census was conducted on the 60 workers of a tire manufacturing company. The study was descriptive, transversal and analytical. The presence of psychosocial factors was expressed by 49.1% of operational workers, the prevalence of stress symptoms in 36.4%. In the results of the relationship between psychosocial factors with the symptoms of stress and being sick, the two highest significant correspondences are observed in “Labor requirements” and “Job role and career development” with being sick, both with a p = 0.007.

Gênero e manifestação de stress em hipertensos

Embora estudos sustentem maior vulnerabilidade ao stress na população feminina, há escassez de dados sobre a população de hipertensos. Realizou-se um estudo transversal para verificar a diferença na prevalência de sintomas de stress entre os gêneros, por meio da aplicação do Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp e de um questionário de dados sociodemográficos. Os resultados não mostram diferença estatisticamente significativa concernente à presença de sintomas de stress entre as amostras masculina (n=33) e feminina (n=70). Contudo, mais homens apresentaram escores na fase de resistência (60,6%), enquanto a fase de quase-exaustão preponderou entre as mulheres: 41,4% versus 15,2% dos homens. Considerando sintomas físicos e psicológicos no geral, independente de predominância de fase, as mulheres relataram ter significativamente mais sintomas psicológicos de stress nos escores referentes às fases de resistência, quase-exaustão e à fase de exaustão (p&lt;0,05). Esses achados podem auxiliar no planejamento de abordagens de controle de stress.

Further Lessons from 9/11: Does Stress Equal Trauma?

A series of surveys now show a progressive decline in the prevalence of stress symptoms with the passage of time from the September the 11th attacks on the United States (see Stein et al. article in this issue but also Galea et al . 2002; North and Pfefferbaum 2002; Silver et al. 2002). Indeed, this is the first time that stress symptoms are studied nationwide, in concurrent studies, and by eminent epidemiologists. The general trend, across studies, reiterates what was previously seen in groups of direct victims, across traumatic events (e.g., Blanchard and Foa 1996; Rothbaum et al., 1993): Early PTSD symptoms are expressed by many, at the early aftermath of a traumatic event (e.g., 94% of rape victims), and these symptoms subside with time, leaving a significant minority with chronic stress disorders. The consistency of these findings raises several questions. First, can we effectively draw the line between what is normally expressed and what might predict chronic stress disorders? In the absence of unequivocal boundary, should the early reactions be treated or otherwise conceived under a medical/psychopathological model? Many media spectators seem to express high levels of early symptoms—but do these “indirect” victims recover better than those directly exposed? Can their experience be subsumed as trauma? Indeed, what makes some events particularly “contagious” via media broadcast while others are less so (e.g., a hurricane; famine in Africa)? Is it the relevance of the threat they convey, or is it their incongruous and shocking novelty? Another question concerns the effect of continuous terrorism. The 9/11 events were, fortunately, followed by two years without further terrorist attacks in the United States. The resulting literature therefore cannot teach us about a hypothetically sensitizing—or immunizing—effect of continuous terror. Would symptoms decline with time or increase with time? Could successfully surviving repeated trauma confer some form of immunity, as suggested by a rate of only 9% PTSD in the midst of the waves of terrorism in Israel (Bleich, Gelkopf, and Solomon 2003)? Studies of the aftermath of 9/11 may also be interpreted as depicting resilience. But what is resilience? Does this emerging construct have enough specificity to be productively researched and evaluated? Or would it lead to another multi-factorial solution with little practical relevance—as did its predecessor, the construct of coping? Could it be that Psychiatry 67(2) Summer 2004 174

Repression and other forms of cognitive evasiveness: implications for stress symptoms in college students.

Abstract Lazarus has proposed that palliative defenses against threat that interfere with direct efforts to alleviate the threat may prove maladaptive. Three evasive cognitive attributes that circumvent awareness of threat were studied to determine whether they related to the prevalence of stress symptoms in college students. Repression (selective forgetting of threatening material), awareness of the repressive defense, and internal scanning (breadth of association to cues) were considered. College students of both sexes who engaged in evasive cognitive activity reported more stress symptoms than those who did not, with a progressive increase in stress as increasingly homogeneous groups were considered. Students who defended themselves by repression experienced more stress than those who did not. Repressors who were the least aware of their use of this defense reported even more stress. Unconscious repressors who were the least reflective (narrow scanners) showed the highest frequency of stress symptoms.