Prevalence Of Stress Incontinence Research Articles

Poor level of information for young athletes regarding stress urinary incontinence: Reference to a survey conducted on the Internet

Physical exercise performed intensively is a serious risk factor of stress urinary incontinence. Despite a better knowledge of the risks factors and the existence of available therapeutics measures, urinary incontinence remains taboo. The major purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and expectations of athletes regarding stress urinary incontinence. We have released an anonymous questionnaire using “Google Form”. This questionnaire was developed by experts. The release took place on social networks and on sports women forums from 5 to 20 May 2016. We have obtained 178 answers and 163 were selected for the study. Then, we have accomplished a global statistical study as well as a statistical study in groups of the achieved outcomes. The average age of the athletes was 29 years old of which 77% were nulliparous. They practiced an average of 3.9 hours of sport per week. Eighty-three percent practiced sports as a hobby and 17% took part in competitions. The prevalence of stress incontinence was up to 45% of which 66% had an inconvenience in their everyday life. Sixty percent had never been informed of urinary incontinence. Eighty percent had no idea that this phenomenon may occur at a young age. Eighty-six percent had no knowledge of the physiopathology of the urinary incontinence. Sixty-seven percent knew that reeducation could help athletes to prevent stress urinary incontinence and only 34% thought they could improve it once it is established. Among the athletes affected by stress urinary incontinence, 67% had never dared speaking of it and only 19% benefited from rehabilitation. The results of our study confirmed a high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence among athletes with a real impact on their well-being. However, knowledge of the subject remains very poor due to a clear lack of information. This subject is taboo, partially explained by the lack of education of athletes.

Evaluación de la mejoría de la sexualidad en mujeres intervenidas por incontinencia urinaria

La incontinencia urinaria (IU) afecta 1 de cada 4 mujeres, presentándose a cualquier edad. Son muchos los factores involucrados en su aparición, pero el debilitamiento del suelo pélvico es la principal causa. Objetivo. Analizar la función sexual de las mujeres después del manejo de la IU con rehabilitación o el uso del láser. Diseño. Ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, prospectivo, controlado y abierto. Participantes. Mujeres que consultaron por IU en la Clínica La Sagrada Familia, Armenia, Quindío, Colombia. Intervenciones. Las mujeres diagnosticadas con incontinencia urinaria fueron tratadas con rehabilitación y uso de láser, entre de enero de 2015 y abril de 2017. Principales medidas de resultados. Evaluación de la sexualidad luego del manejo de la IU con rehabilitación o uso de láser. Resultados. Se analizaron 45 mujeres, edad promedio 47,1±9,9 años. En el total de la población estudiada, la prevalencia de IU de esfuerzo fue 55,5%, 35,5% con IU mixta y 8,8% con IU de urgencia; el 86,6% tenía laxitud vaginal, en 28,8% la IU se presentaba durante el coito, y en 31,1% se observó prolapso anterior mayor o igual al grado II. El índice función sexual femenina en la población general fue de 26,4±5,1 puntos; al inicio del tratamiento en el grupo A fue 27,3±5,7 y en el grupo B 26,7±5,4. A las 18 semanas de la última sesión, fue de 30,9±5,1 y 32,7±3,3, respectivamente. Se observó una prevalencia inicial de trastornos sexuales para la población general de 86,6% y al final del 15,5%. Conclusiones. Las mujeres sometidas a rehabilitación tuvieron mejoría en la respuesta sexual. La efectividad del láser, en la resolución de la IU, fue superior a la rehabilitación.

The effects of hormones on urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women

It has been established that the lower urinary tract is sensitive to the effects of estrogen, sharing a common embryological origin with the female genital tract, the urogenital sinus. Urge urinary incontinence is more prevalent after the menopause, and the peak prevalence of stress incontinence occurs around the time of the menopause. Many studies, however, indicate that the prevalence of stress incontinence falls after the menopause. Until recently, estrogen, usually as part of a hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimen, was used for treatment of urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women.Although its use in the treatment of vaginal atrophy is well established, the effect of HRT on urinary continence is controversial. A number of randomized, placebo-controlled trials have examined the effects of estrogen, or estrogen and progestogen together, in postmenopausal continence and concluded that estrogens should not be used for the treatment of urge or stress incontinence. In this paper, we will review these recent studies and examine the evidence for the effects of estrogen on the postmenopausal urogenital tract.

Incidence of stress urinary incontinence among women in Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of stress urinary incontinence among women at the age of 15 and above who applied to the primary health care centers in Ankara, Turkey. We applied the urinary stress incontinence questionnaire to 2,601 women at the age of 15 or above who consulted to the "mother-child health care and family planning centers" in January 2002. To evaluate the urinary incontinence status with respect to age groups and other risk factors, chi-square test was used. Stress incontinence prevalence was 16.1% in our population. Age was a statistically significant risk factor affecting the incidence of stress incontinence. As the number of gravida increases, the frequency of stress incontinence increases (p<0.05). Presence of a systemic disease was also an important risk factor (p<0.05). Alcohol use and smoking were not found to affect the incidence of urinary stress incontinence (p>0.05). As urinary incontinence greatly influences life quality and social and psychological status of the person, and also creates economic burden, predisposing factors of stress incontinence should be well defined and measures should be taken to encourage women experiencing this problem to visit a doctor and to get an efficient treatment.

Differences in Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence by Race/Ethnicity

We compared the prevalence of urinary incontinence by type among white, black, Hispanic and Asian-American women. The RRISK is a population based cohort study of 2,109 randomly selected middle-aged and older women. Incontinence and other variables were assessed by self-report questionnaires and in person interviews. Labor and delivery and surgical data were abstracted from medical records archived since 1946. Logistic regression was used to estimate the OR with 95% CIs for incontinence while adjusting for covariates. The age adjusted prevalence of weekly incontinence was highest among Hispanic women, followed by white, black and Asian-American women (36%, 30%, 25% and 19%, respectively, p <0.001). Type of incontinence also differed among groups, with weekly stress incontinence prevalence being 18%, 15%, 8% and 8% (p <0.001), and weekly urge incontinence prevalence being 10%, 9%, 14% and 7% (p <0.001). After adjustment for age, parity, hysterectomy, estrogen use, body mass, menopausal status and diabetes, the risk of stress incontinence remained significantly lower in black (adjusted OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.23-0.57) and Asian-American (adjusted OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.34-0.86) women compared to white women. In contrast, the risk of urge incontinence was similar in black (adjusted OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.79-1.81) and Asian-American (adjusted OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.52-1.43) women compared to white women. Significant differences in the adjusted risk of stress incontinence among Hispanic, white, black and Asian-American women suggest the presence of additional, as yet unrecognized, risk or protective factors for stress incontinence.

The risk of stress incontinence 5 years after first delivery

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the impact of a first pregnancy and delivery on the prevalence of stress incontinence 5 years afterward. Study Design: This longitudinal cohort study included 278 women who were questioned after their first delivery and again 5 years later. Results: The prevalence of stress incontinence 5 years after a first delivery was 30%, and the 5-year incidence was 19%. The risk of stress incontinence 5 years after a first delivery was related to the onset and duration of symptoms after the first pregnancy and delivery in a “dose-response–like” manner. The use of vacuum extraction or episiotomy during the first delivery increased the risk. Conclusions: First pregnancy and delivery may result in stress incontinence 5 years later. Women with incontinence 3 months after a first delivery have a particularly high risk of long-lasting symptoms. Obstetric risk factors are vacuum extraction and episiotomy. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;185:82-7.)

Pelvic floor exercises: A comparative study

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of stress incontinence 3months after childbirth and to evaluate the effect and benefit of taught pelvic floor exercises in the prevention of stress incontinence following childbirth. The study compares women who attended antenatal parentcraft classes who were instructed on a programme of pelvic floor exercises with women who had declined the invitation to attend. Data were analysed to compare the groups and to identify independent factors for stress incontinence. The results of the analysis found a significant association between stress incontinence, mode of delivery and birth weight. There was also a highly significant association with reduced incidence of stress incontinence and daily pelvic floor exercises. Women who attended antenatal parentcraft classes and received instruction on a programme of pelvic floor exercises had benefited in the prevention of stress incontinence. This was found to be highly significant when the exercises were practised daily. There was, however, a poor uptake of the continence service designed to support and assess women with stress incontinence and this is an area that needs to be addressed.

Stress Incontinence: A Familial Problem?

Does stress urinary incontinence run in families? To compare the prevalence of stress incontinence among first-degree relatives, Israeli investigators

Genitourinary prolapse and joint hypermobility in women

To determine whether joint hypermobility, a clinical marker for connective tissue abnormalities, is associated with genital prolapse. One hundred seven women were recruited from a university gynecology clinic. Subjects were examined in the standing and nonstraining positions for cystocele, rectocele, and uterine or vault prolapse. The degree of prolapse was graded 0-3. A separate investigator, blinded to the results of the gynecologic examination and using accepted criteria, evaluated each subject for joint hypermobility. Clinical joint hypermobility was found in 39 of 107 (36%) study patients. Subjects with joint hypermobility had a significantly higher prevalence of cystocele (33 of 37 [89%] versus 40 of 69 [58%], P = .001), rectocele (32 of 38 [84%] versus 33 of 69 [48%], P = .0002), and uterine or vault prolapse (25 of 38 [66%] versus 20 of 69 [29%], P = .0002) compared to women with normal joint mobility, respectively. No differences in the prevalence of stress incontinence were found between the two groups. Women with joint hypermobility have a significantly higher prevalence of genital prolapse compared to women with normal mobility, which suggests an underlying connective tissue abnormality as one etiology of pelvic relaxation.

Prevalence of stress incontinence among women delivered by elective cesarian section

A retrospective investigation into the prevalence of stress incontinence in women delivered by elective cesarian section (without experience of labor) in Lund from 1974 to 1979, was carried out in 1980. Of 264 women whose replies were solicited, 204 responded. The others had moved about and could not be reached. Permanent stress incontinence was reported by a significant number of patients without experience of labor. This supports our earlier findings which indicated that pregnancy and hereditary factors are more decisive in bringing about stress incontinence than the delivery itself.

Etiology and treatment of urinary stress incontinence in women.

Urinary stress incontinence is far more frequent than has been realized, and as a result it has not received the attention it deserves. Even in mild cases stress incontinence is a social handicap. It is offensive to a fastidious woman and makes her constantly apprehensive, and so she is grateful for relief from the ever-present insecurity. Happily, normal function can be restored by means of present-day surgical techniques, and women do not have to go through life coping with this affliction. The prevalence of stress incontinence was illustrated by a study made by Nemir and Middleton in 1954. They submitted a questionnaire to 1327 freshman women in the University of Utah, of whom 95% admitted having some stress incontinence. Of these only 5% experienced frequent loss, and none manifested any neurological or anatomical disturbance which would affect urinary control. In our own series of 2063 gynecological cases covering 12 years,