Prevalence Of Spousal Violence Research Articles

Domestic Violence During Pregnancy and Risk of Obstetrical Complications

Context: Intimate partner violence is a phenomenon that affects a significant number of women and has an important impact on society. This conjugal violence against women can have important consequences on their health as well as on the health of the unborn child during pregnancy. Objectives and Methods: In order to assess the risk of obstetrical complications in women who are victims of domestic violence, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component to determine the association between domestic violence and obstetrical complications on the one hand, and to determine the factors associated with domestic violence on the other. The descriptive part consisted of determining the prevalence of domestic violence and neonatal complications, and describing the different types of violence. A questionnaire was self-administered to pregnant women who came for prenatal consultations at the Dschang District Hospital. Results: Amongst 320 women approached, 300 agreed to participate in the study. The overall prevalence of spousal violence was 37.33%, and the prevalence of spousal violence during pregnancy was 13.33%; the prevalence of neonatal complications was 20.7%, premature deliveries accounted for 7.7%, miscarriages 7%, stillbirths 6.7%, while the prevalence of low birth weight babies was 1.7%. Domestic violence was significantly associated with neonatal complications (OR=4.1 p value=0.000). Regarding the types of violence, verbal and psychological violence had a frequency of (108)36%, physical violence which represented (40) 13.3%, control and financial violence represented (23) 7.7% and (30) 10% respectively; sexual violence was the least represented with (20) 6.7%. Regarding the factors associated with domestic violence, the 25-34 age group of the woman (p value 0.02, OR: 4.2), consumption of alcohol by the partner (p value 0.02, OR: 4.14) and the history of violence before pregnancy (p value 0.001, OR: 92.91) were significantly associated with domestic violence. Conclusion: Early identification of abuse in pregnant women and taking steps to prevent it may reduce the occurrence of these adverse outcomes.

Spousal Abuse & Suicidal Ideation among Women

Background: Spousal abuse is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of abusive behaviors occurring within romantic relationships. These can include but are not limited to coercion, intimidation, social isolation, and financial control, restrictions on education or career opportunities, physical violence, and sexual violence. Methods: This mixed-methods design, comprising descriptive cross-sectional and qualitative study was conducted among 203 and for In-depth interviews with 10 ever-married women aged 15-49 years in Dhopadi village under Abhaynagar upazila of Jashore district. Data were collected through face-to-inter interviews with the help of a semi–structured and unstructured questionnaire. Associations of spousal violence with suicidal ideation among women found out. Results: It was found that the majority of women reported sharing their husband's daily activities (80.3%) and their own (74.9%), as well as their worries or feelings (80.8%). Interestingly, a higher percentage of women reported that their husband shares their worries or feelings with them (72.9%) compared to the percentage who reported sharing their own (74.9%). prevalence of spousal violence and suicidal ideation it was found that 65% of women reported a history of being slapped by their husbands, while 54.7% reported a history of being insulted, and 22.2% reported a history of being forced into sexual intercourse. Additionally, 34.5% of women reported a history of thinking about ending their life, while 7.9% reported a history of trying to take their life. Furthermore, the chi-square values and p-values suggest that there is a significant association between a history of slaps (χ2=40.224, p=.000), hit with a fist or something else (χ2=22.651, p=.000), kick (χ2=52.985, p=.000), insult by husband (χ2=45.436, p=.000), a threat by husband (χ2=12.494, p=.000), and trying to take life (χ2=9.342, p=.002), and thoughts about ending one's life. Conclusions: These findings are significant as they shed light on the prevalence of domestic violence and its impact on mental health in Bangladesh. The study's results suggest a need for interventions to address the issue of domestic violence and provide support to those affected by it.

Magnitude of Spousal Violence and Associated Factors among Midlife Women in Ethiopia.

Intimate partner violence is the most common form of gender-based violence and has enormous maternal health consequences. There is limited evidence concerning the magnitude and determinants of intimate partner violence amongst midlife women. Thus, this study aimed to determine the extent of and the factors contributing to spousal violence amongst midlife Ethiopian women. The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data were examined, and a sample of 1628 ever-married midlife women was included. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the determinants of intimate partner violence. All statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05. The prevalence of spousal violence among midlife women in Ethiopia was 31.8%. Age of women, divorced, and working status were significantly associated with spousal violence. The likelihood of spousal violence is increase among midlife women who had no formal education, less decision-making power in household, and had partner who had drinking habit. This study showed that nearly one-thirds of midlife Ethiopian women have experienced spousal violence in their lifetime. Empowering midlife women by giving them decision-making tools and educating them to deal with, and prevent spousal violence may be effective strategies in reducing this problem.

Prevalence and predictors of spousal violence against women in Afghanistan: evidence from Demographic and Health Survey data.

Spousal violence against women is a serious public health problem that is prevalent in all societies, with one in three women around the world experiencing violence in their lifetime. This study examined the prevalence of spousal violence, and its determinants, in Afghanistan using data from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey. Univariate, bivariate and logistic regression statistical techniques were used to assess the association of socioeconomic variables with spousal violence. The study sample comprised 20,827 currently married women aged 15-49. Fifty-two per cent of women reported experiencing some form of violence by their husband. A significant association was found between women's justification of violence, women's participation in decision-making in their household (COR=0.476; CI=0.446-0.509) and lower risk of experiencing spousal violence. After adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors, women's participation in all of four household decisions, either alone or jointly, was found to be associated with a lower risk of experiencing spousal violence (AOR=0.472; CI=0.431-0.516). In both the crude and adjusted models, the risk of experiencing spousal violence was high if the husband's desire for children was different from that of his wife. In the case of inequality in property ownership, the risk of spousal violence was significantly higher (COR=1.263; CI=1.178-1.353; AOR=1.159; CI=1.051-1.278) when women were joint owners of property compared with when they did not own any property. The findings point to an immediate need for legal and social interventions to prevent spousal violence against women, or at least reduce its prevalence, in Afghanistan.

Prevalence of spousal violence among married women in a rural area in North Kerala.

Background:Domestic violence has substantial public health consequences. More than one-third of women globally suffer from physical and sexual violence, mostly by an intimate partner with a lifetime prevalence of 10%–69%. In India, 28.8% of the ever-married women in the reproductive age group, reported domestic violence. Although Kerala, in southern India, performs better than other Indian states on a host of human development indicators for women, 15.8% among the women in this group have ever experienced physical or sexual violence in the past 12 months, the most common perpetrator being the husband.Methodology:A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among the ever-married women, residing in a selected area of northern Kerala, who have been married for at least 1 year. One to one structured interview was conducted with a pretested structured questionnaire by the investigator. Spousal violence was defined as proportion of ever-married women with a lifetime experience of violence perpetrated by their spouse, manifested through acts of physical, sexual, and/or emotional violence, even threat.Results:A total of 290 women were interviewed. The age of the participants ranged from 18 years to 64 years; majority were Muslims. Only 16.5% were college-educated and over 90% were homemakers. 29% reported having experienced spousal violence; with the most common being emotional violence (19%) closely followed by sexual violence (18.6%) and physical violence (14.8%). A little over one-third (39.7%) reported controlling behaviour of their husband. Age of the participant (P = 0.019), absence of social support (P = 0.034), employment status of husband (P = 0.026), controlling behaviour of husband (P < 0.001), alcohol abuse by husband (P = 0.004) and extra-marital relationship of spouse (P < 0.001) were found to have significant influence on spousal violence experience.Conclusion:More than a quarter of the married women in this rural setting have experienced one or the other form of violence.Recommendation:A multifaceted approach needs to be employed which takes into consideration legal measures, social sciences, women empowerment, mental health systems and educate the men to curb this menace.

How long was the honeymoon? Accelerated failure time model of spousal violence onset among women in sub-Saharan Africa

ABSTRACT For primary prevention of spousal violence which is highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), an important empirical question is “how early in a marital relationship does spousal violence commence? In this study, we employed descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier method and accelerated failure time models to estimate prevalence of parental history of spousal violence; estimate the timing of onset of spousal violence for sub-regions of SSA and assess the associated factors. We analyzed a weighted sample of 62,274 women aged 15–49 years from the domestic violence module of Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 14 SSA countries between 2015 and 2018. Prevalence of spousal violence among ever married women ranged from 20.5% in Nigeria to 45.9%% in Burundi. The median time to first spousal violence after marriage in Western, Middle, Eastern, and Southern Africa was 2 years. Results from accelerated failure time models showed that age at marriage, educational attainment, and parental history of spousal violence were independently associated with early onset of spousal violence in all SSA subregions (West: TR = 0.21, CI 0.19–0.24; Middle: TR = 0.38, CI 0.34–0.43; East: TR = 0.46, CI 0.44–0.49; South: TR = 0.50, CI 0.46–0.54). Adolescents, youth, and older adults should be targeted for preventive and corrective interventions for spousal violence.

Prevalence of Spousal Violence and Associated Risk Factors: Facts from Pakistan Demographics and Health Survey 2012–13

The current study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with the prevalence of spousal violence among the women from 15 to 49 years of age in Pakistan in their marital relationship. Secondary data collected in Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012–2013 is used. In the survey, respondents were selected using probability sampling technique from all the four provinces of Pakistan. Modified and shortened version of Conflict Tactics Scale is used to measure physical and psychological spousal violence among the women perpetuated by their ever husbands. Prevalence of physical, psychological, any type of spousal violence and associated risk factors were analyzed by unadjusted odd ratios (OR) and adjusted odd ratios (aOR). Education, profession, ethnicity and wealth index are found significant risk factors associated with spousal violence. Odds of experiencing spousal violence were higher among the poorer (aOR 1.700 CI 1.272–2.271) as compared to their richer counterparts. Moreover, the prevalence of spousal violence was found the highest (aOR 2.730 CI 2.162–3.447) in Pushton ethnic group. The study recommends improving the literacy rate and economic well-being of the poorer to address the problem of spousal violence in Pakistan.