Prevalence Of Smoking Behavior Research Articles

Socio-cultural, personal, and environmental relationship with smoking behavior of students in senior high school at Plimbang Aceh

Background. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey is an official agency that systematically monitors adult tobacco use and tracks key tobacco contro indicators. This survey collects data on people aged 15 years and over. The purpose of this study was to analyze the socio-cultural, personality, and environmental relatiionship with smoking behavior. Methods. This research uses a cross-sectional method. The population is all students of classes X and XI at Public Senior High School 1 Peulimbang as many as 125 people and the entire population is used as a sample. Data analysis consisted of univariate, multivariate, and bivariate analysis using chi-square bivariate test and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression at = 0.05. Results. The results variable bivariate associated with smoking is a social-cultural behavior with P<0.001; RP=7,819; CI 95%=4,358-14,028, personalized with P<0.001; RP= 57,759; CI 95%=8,234-405,158, environment with P<0.001; RP=5,750; CI 95%=3,069-10,772. Conclusion. The most dominant variables associated with smoking behavior Public Senior High School 1 Peulimbang was statistically significant, (personal approach 0,05). The prevalence of smoking behavior with personal is RP = 42,630; CI 95%=5,376-338,064; P=0,000.

Prevalence and determinants of smoking behavior among physicians in emergency department: A national cross-sectional study in China.

To understand the current status of smoking behavior among emergency physicians in China and to explore its determinants. The emergency department is considered a more appropriate setting for tobacco interventions. However, the smoking behavior of emergency physicians can reduce the effectiveness of interventions for patient smoking behavior. From July to August 2018, we conducted a structured online questionnaire among Chinese emergency medicine physicians. We used descriptive analysis with binary logistic regression to analyze the current smoking status of Chinese emergency physicians and its determinants. A total of 10,457 emergency physicians were included in this study. The prevalence of smoking among physicians was 25.35% (with 34.15 and 1.59% among male and female physicians, respectively). Results of logistic regression showed that postgraduate education (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.41-0.66), chief-level title (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.97), and regular exercise habits (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76-0.92) were associated with a lower risk of smoking behavior. However, being over 50 years old (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.29-2.27), being fixed-term (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.42), and having depressive symptoms (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.28-1.61) were associated with a higher risk of smoking. The prevalence of smoking behavior among emergency physicians in China is high. Hospital management could reduce the incidence of smoking behavior among emergency physicians by strengthening smoking cessation training, paying attention to physicians' psychological health, reducing pressure on physicians in fixed-term positions, and encouraging physicians to develop regular exercise habits.

Disparities in Smoking Behavior by Race/Ethnicity in 10 Diverse Communities in Chicago: Findings from Sinai Community Health Survey 2.0.

Disparities in smoking prevalence persist among and within racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. This study aimed to identify racial/ethnic smoking behavior disparities in Chicago between 2015 and 2016. We used data from the Sinai Community Health Survey 2.0, a population-based survey conducted among adults living in ten diverse communities in Chicago. A total of 1543 adults completed the survey. We estimated the prevalence of smoking behavior among participants who had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lives (N = 598). We stratified by race/ethnicity and sex, reporting statistically significant differences at p < 0.05 threshold. Current smoking was highest among NHBs (40%), followed by Puerto Ricans (28%), NHWs (24%), and Mexicans (13%). Among participants who had smoked 100 cigarettes in their life, over 60% of Puerto Rican (65%) and NHB (63%) participants were daily smokers. Although 72% of NHB smokers tried to quit smoking in the previous year, only 15% of them quit smoking for more than 12months. Among Puerto Rican current smokers, 44% smoked a pack of cigarettes per day or more while only 6% of NHBs smoked more than a pack a day. Only 20% of Mexican participants were advised by a health professional to quit smoking in the past year. Among Puerto Rican females, 55% started smoking before the age of 15. We found important differences in smoking behavior by race/ethnicity groups and sex. These disparities highlight the importance of implementing targeted evidence-based strategies to reduce tobacco use, particularly among those groups with the highest prevalence.

Time perspective, optimistic bias, and self-control among different statuses of university smokers in China: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACTRisk behavior often seems ‘self-defeating’ to the observers. Most people understand the basic health-related knowledge, but some of them still choose to continue risk behaviors, especially for the young. This study aimed to examine time perspective, optimism bias and self control correlated with smoking behavior in Chinese college students. A cross-sectional survey enrolling 3016 university students in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China. Influence Factors were identified using multiple logistic regression analyses. Prevalence of current smoking was 20.92% (631 smokers), including 272 daily smokers (9.02%) and 359 non-daily smokers (11.90%). Future-oriented time perspective, general capacity for self-discipline, reliability and ethnicity were protective factors of smoking behavior. Possibility of self-suffering diseases and gender were risk factors of smoking behavior. Smoking in University of Chengdu, China is a severe problem. Results in this research have suggested that irrespective of the smoking level, improving health-related knowledge, time management awareness and self-control ability may contribute to reducing the prevalence of smoking behavior.

Risk factors influencing smoking behavior: a Turkish twin study.

In this study, we introduce the first twin study in Turkey, focusing on smoking behavior, and laying the foundation to register all twins born in Turkey for research purposes. Using Turkish twins will contribute to our understanding of health problems in the context of cultural differences. We assessed 309 twin pairs (339 males and 279 females) aged between 15 and 45 years living in the Kırıkkale and Ankara regions of Turkey, and administered a health and lifestyle interview that included questions about smoking status and smoking history. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, and bivariate and multivariate clustered logistic regression. In addition, we fit bivariate Structural Equation Models (SEM) to determine contributions of latent genetic and environmental factors to smoking outcomes in this sample. One hundred seventy-eight participants (28.8%) were identified as smokers, smoking every day for a month or longer, of whom 79.2% were males and 20.8% were females. Mean values for number of cigarettes per day and the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND; Fagerstrom, 1978) score were higher in males than in females, and age of onset was earlier in males. There was a significant positive correlation between the FTND score and number of cigarettes smoked per day, and a significant negative correlation between both variables and age at onset of smoking. Our study showed that gender, presence of a smoking twin in the family, age, alcohol use, marital status, daily sports activities, and feeling moody all played a significant role in smoking behavior among twins. The twin analysis suggested that 79.5% of the liability to FTND was influenced by genetic factors and 20.5% by unique environment, while familial resemblance for smoking initiation was best explained by common environmental factors. Marked differences in the prevalence of smoking behavior in men versus women were observed for the Turkish population. Genetic analyses showed that common environmental factors primarily contributed to smoking initiation, while genetic factors explained a greater proportion of variance in liability to nicotine dependence. Our study shows higher heritability estimate of the FTND scores and higher shared environmental influence on smoking initiation for both males and females than reported in previous studies.

Smoking Behaviors Among University Students: A Cross-sectional Study in Tehran, Iran

Background: Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases and is the leading cause of preventable death and a major public health concern. Objectives: The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of smoking behaviors and the related problems among university students in Iran. Patients and Methods: Having employed a cross-sectional study, 1600 university students were selected from four major universities in the capital of Iran (Tehran) by two-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected by means of an anonymous self-administrated questionnaire. Results: A total of 1600 participants with mean age of 22.23 ± 3.09 years were included in the study. Of the included students, 62.4% were male and 37.6% were female among which 91.4% of them were single. Given that, the cigarette smoking was reported by 25.3%, comprising 33.7% males and 11.1% females. Also, the mean duration of smoking was 4.79 ± 3.46 years. The results showed that the field of study and type of accommodation were the two leading factors played roles in smoking behaviors. Conclusions: The rate of cigarette smoking among university students in Iran is very high. The lack of adequate information about burden of smoking related diseases indicates incapability and inefficiency of educational activities on this issue.

Pola Asuh Permisif Ibu dan Perilaku Merokok Pada Remaja Laki-Laki di Sma Negeri 1 Semarapura

Indonesia placed the 4th rank in the highest number of smokers in the world which consisted of not only adults but also adolescents. There are several things that influence adolescent smoking behavior, namely parenting style, peers, personality factors, and also advertisements. Parenting style which will be investigated in this research has three forms namely democratic, authoritarian, and permissive. Permissive parenting style is one form of parenting style which is presumably associated with smoking behavior. Permissive parenting style has characteristics as no child guiding, agreeing child's behavior, and do not use punishment, thus making the child feels brave in doing maladaptive behaviors such as smoking. Since the prevalence of smoking behavior among men is bigger, the researcher wanted to see whether there is a relationship between permissive parenting style of mother and smoking behavior of male adolescents in SMA Negeri 1 Semarapura. Subjects in this research are 75 male students in SMA Negeri 1 Semarapura. Research method uses correlational study. Data are collected with questionnaires. Permissive parenting style of mother questionnaire has 16 valid items and its reliability coefficient is 0,916 which means the questionnaire is reliable since its reliability coefficient is higher than minimum standard 0,600. Smoking behavior questionnaire has 20 valid items and its reliability coefficient is 0,906 which means the questionnaire is reliable since its reliability coefficient is higher than minimum standard 0,600. Result of assumption test shows data are normal and linear. Linearity test between permissive parenting style of mother and smoking behavior has significance level 0,000 which means linear since its significance level is lower than 0,05. Result of this research finds positive significant relationship between permissive parenting style of mother and smoking behavior and its correlational coefficient is 0,493. The value of coefficient of determination is 0,243 which shows permissive parenting style of mother has 24,3% contribution to smoking behavior. Keywords: permissive parenting style, smoking behavior, male adolescents.

Transitions in Smoking Behavior During Emerging Adulthood: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Effect of Home Smoking Bans

We studied the effect of home smoking bans on transitions in smoking behavior during emerging adulthood. We used latent transition analysis to examine movement between stages of smoking from late adolescence (ages 16-18 years) to young adulthood (ages 18-20 years) and the effect of a home smoking ban on these transitions. We used data from the Minnesota Adolescent Community Cohort study collected in 2004 to 2006. Overall, we identified 4 stages of smoking: (1) never smokers, (2) experimental smokers, (3) light smokers, and (4) daily smokers. Transition probabilities varied by stage. Young adults with a home ban during late adolescence were less likely to be smokers and less likely to progress to higher use later. Furthermore, the protective effect of a home smoking ban on the prevalence of smoking behavior was evident even in the presence of parental smoking. However, this effect was less clear on transitions over time. In addition to protecting family members from exposure to secondhand smoke, home smoking bans appear to have the additional benefit of reducing initiation and escalation of smoking behavior among young adults.

Prevalence Of Smoking Behaviour Among Adolescents In Ibadan South-East Local Government, Nigeria

The study investigated the prevalence of smoking among the adolescents in Ibadan South-East (Local Government, Nigeria.) In all, 500 (253 males and 247 females) adolescents were sampled They were all senior secondary school students randomly selected from nineteen public senior secondary schools in Ibadan South East, Nigeria. Their ages ranged from 14-19 years (X = 16.58; S. D = 1.45).Using both descriptive (frequency count and percentages) and inferential (Pearson correlation and chi-square at P< 0.05) statistics it was observed that; more males than females indicated that they do smoke; smoking cuts across the ages sampled; adolescents from separated homes tend to engage in smoking more than their colleagues from intact homes; and adolescents from homes whose parents were in the high socio-economic stratum tend to engage in smoking more than adolescents from homes whose parents were in the low socio-economic stratum. The study points to the fact that more aggressive counselling should be put in place in schools and married couples need to be counseled against divorce.Keywords Smoking behaviour, tobacco smoking, adolescents, Ibadan South East.International Journal of Emotional psychology and sport ethics (IJEPSE) Vol. 7 2005: pp. 59-69

Smoking Behavior in Pregnant Arab Americans

To determine the smoking behavior in pregnant Arab American women who attended a Women, Infant and Children (WIC) program at a local county public health clinic and compare the incidence of smoking behaviors of pregnant Arab American women with pregnant women who were not Arab Americans. Data were extracted from a computer database that contained information from health history charts of pregnant Arab and non-Arab American women. The study sample was 830 women, 823 of whom were Arab American participants enrolled in the WIC program in Michigan. Approximately 6% of pregnant Arab Americans smoked during pregnancy. The prevalence of smoking behavior among pregnant Arab American women was similar to that of smoking behaviors of Hispanics and Asian Americans in the United States. Although smoking behavior is a serious problem among Arab American immigrants in general and in the Arab world in particular, cultural factors that support healthy behavior during pregnancy in the Arab culture seem to limit the use of tobacco in pregnant women. Nurses who care for Arab American pregnant women can use this information to better inform their care of these patients.

Smoking in eating disorders

Objective Smoking has been reported as an appetite and weight control method in eating disorders; however, few studies have explored patterns of smoking across subtypes of eating disorders. The aim of this paper was to explore the patterns and prevalence of smoking behavior in 1524 women from two of the multisite Price Foundation Genetic studies. Method Smoking behavior was assessed in 306 individuals with anorexia nervosa-restricting type (RAN), 186 with anorexia nervosa-purging type (PAN), 180 with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (ANBN), 107 with anorexia nervosa-binging type (BAN), 71 individuals with purging type-bulimia nervosa (PBN), and 674 female community controls. We compared smoking prevalence and smoking behaviors across eating disorder (ED) subtypes and in comparison to controls using the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Results Overall, women with eating disorders reported higher rates of smoking and greater nicotine dependence than controls. Women with binge/purge subtypes of eating disorders reported the highest rates of smoking of all of the subtypes. Smoking in eating disorders was related to impulsive personality traits. Conclusions Women with eating disorders appear to be at increased risk for smoking, particularly those who binge eat and/or purge and display impulsive personality characteristics. Given the high prevalence, the impact of ongoing smoking on maintenance of eating disorders symptoms is worthy of both clinical and research attention.

Modeling the Future Burden of Stroke in the Netherlands

In the near future, the number of stroke patients and their related healthcare costs are expected to rise. The purpose of this study was to estimate this expected increase in stroke patients in the Netherlands. We sought to determine what the future developments in the number of stroke patients due to demographic changes and trends in the prevalence of smoking and hypertension in terms of the prevalence, incidence, and potential years of life lost might be. A dynamic, multistate life table was used, which combined demographic projections and existing stroke morbidity and mortality data. It projected future changes in the number of stroke patients in several scenarios for the Dutch population for the period 2000 to 2020. The model calculated the annual number of new patients by age and sex by using incidence rates, defined by age, sex, and major risk factors. The change in the annual number of stroke patients is the result of incident cases minus mortality numbers. Demographic changes in the population suggest an increase of 27% in number of stroke patients per 1000 in 2020 compared with 2000. Extrapolating past trends in the prevalence of smoking behavior, hypertension, and stroke incidence resulted in an increase of 4%. The number of stroke patients in the Netherlands will rise continuously until the year 2020. Our study demonstrates that a large part of this increase in the number of patients is an inevitable consequence of the aging of the population.

Are Questions from the Italian National Health Survey Adequate to Measure Prevalence of Smoking Among Teens

Objectives. Studies on the prevalence of smoking among Italian adolescents have generated inconsistent estimates. Notably, the Italian National Health Survey (INHS) generates relatively lower estimates than estimates reported in other studies. The INHS asks adults and adolescents if they are smokers or nonsmokers. Research has shown that adolescent smoking is unstable compared to that of adults, and that adolescents may acquire their identity as smokers only after smoking becomes more established. We hypothesized that the INHS prevalence estimates of adolescent smoking could be improved by adding questions on smoking behavior. Methods. During the school year 1993–1994, 471 participants responded to a brief survey on smoking experiences. We compared the prevalence of smoking behavior with the prevalence of smoking identity of participants (mean age = 16.18) who attended five high schools in two Northern Italian cities, Padova and Bergamo. Results. Measures of smoking behavior generated higher prevalence estimates than did measures of identity, particularly among occasional smokers. Conclusions. The INHS should add behavioral measures of smoking to maximize the accuracy of prevalence estimates.

Smoking behaviour among Indigenous secondary school students in North Queensland.

This study investigated smoking behaviour among Indigenous youth. A sample of schools (n = 12) in north Queensland with large proportions of Indigenous students was selected. Details about the prevalence of smoking behaviour in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous students (n = 883) were gathered. Data were also collected on the cultural, social, and psychological factors associated with cigarette smoking for Indigenous and non-Indigenous students. This survey indicated smoking rates for Indigenous and non-Indigenous students were 24% and 30%, respectively. The study found similarities between both groups regarding where they obtained their cigarettes (friends) and their reasons for not smoking (their parents and health). Results of this survey challenge the belief that Indigenous youth are significantly different in their smoking patterns and behaviours compared to non-Indigenous secondary school students in rural regions. It indicated the potential importance of school communities in promoting non-smoking behaviours among Indigenous students even in the face of strong normative pressures from elsewhere in the community. This survey can be used to monitor smoking prevalence among Indigenous secondary students in north Queensland, help guide the development of culturally appropriate school curriculum resources and contribute to the overall evaluation of smoking prevention and smoking cessation programs which are developed for Indigenous secondary school students.