Prevalence Of Skin Manifestations Research Articles

Outstanding Characteristics of Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome in Korea.

Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple lung cysts, typical skin manifestations, and renal tumors. We prospectively enrolled thirty-one subjects from four South Korean institutions with typical lung cysts, and next-generation sequencing was conducted. We prospectively enrolled thirty-one subjects from four Korean institutions with typical lung cysts. Next-generation sequencing was performed to investigate mutations in the following genes: FLCN, TSC1, TSC2, CFTR, EFEMP2, ELN, FBLN5, LTBP4, and SERPINA1. BHD was diagnosed in 11 of the 31 enrolled subjects (35.5%; FLCN mutations). Notably, we identified three novel mutations (c.1098G>A, c.139G>T, and c.1335del) that have not been previously reported. In addition to FLCN mutations, we also observed mutations in CFTR (16.1%), LTBP4 (9.7%), TSC2 (9.7%), TSC1 (3.2%), ELN (3.2%), and SERPINA1 (3.2%). According to a systematic review of 45 South Korean patients with BHD, the prevalence of pneumothorax (72.7%) was greater in South Korea than in the rest of the world (50.9%; p = 0.003). The prevalence of skin manifestations (13.6%) and renal tumors (9.1%) was lower in Korea than in the rest of the world, at 47.9% [p < 0.001] and 22.5% [p = 0.027], respectively). This study confirmed a significant prediction model for BHD based on age, number of lung cysts (>40), and maximal diameter of lung cysts (>2 cm) regardless of skin manifestations and renal tumors. Importantly, three novel mutations (c.1098G>A, c.139G>T, and c.1335del) were identified. In conclusion, South Korean patients with BHD display characteristics that are different from those observed in patients of other nationalities. Detailed characterization of lung cysts is needed to define BHD, especially in South Korea, even if patients do not present with skin or renal lesions.

Assessment of Skin Manifestations in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Abadan and Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Khorramshahr

Background: The prevalence of skin manifestations in hemodialysis patients is increasing. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate skin manifestations in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 100 patients undergoing hemodialysis from among 120 patients referring to Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Abadan and Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Khorramshahr were assessed. A demographic questionnaire and a checklist about skin disorders were used for data collection. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 software using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The most common skin findings were pale skin (87%), dry skin (71%), hyperpigmentation (46%), and purpura (35%). Among nail manifestations, the most common finding was a half-and-half nail (50%) and the rarest symptom was dystrophy (1%). Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that ESRD was associated with multiple skin symptoms, the most prevalent of which were pale skin and dry skin symptoms. Therefore, early diagnosis of these problems is a major step in improving the quality of life of these patients.

Comparison of cutaneous manifestations of diabetic with nondiabetic patients: A case-control study

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by raised fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels and a variety of multisystem complications. The prevalence of skin manifestations seems to be similar between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Cutaneous manifestations usually develop following the diagnosis of diabetes, but in some patients, they are the initial presenting signs, thereby helping in the early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the cutaneous lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to compare the pattern of skin manifestations in diabetics and nondiabetics in coastal Karnataka and neighboring districts of Kerala. Methodology: This case-control study included 400 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cutaneous manifestations attending the outpatient Departments of Dermatology and General Medicine and those admitted under these departments. A total of 400 age and sex-matched nondiabetic patients were included as controls. Results: Cutaneous infections were noted in 148 (37%) diabetics of which fungal infections were the most common seen in 106 (26.5%) patients, followed by xerosis in 121 (30.25%) and acrochordons in 71 (17.75%) patients. Other dermatoses associated with diabetes mellitus noted were acanthosis nigricans (5.5%), scleredema diabeticorum (0.25%), diabetic bullae (0.5%), and Kyrle's disease (1%). Cutaneous changes associated with neurovascular complications included diabetic foot in 3%, diabetic dermopathy in 2%, and pigmented purpuric dermatosis in 0.25% of the diabetics. Conclusion: A joint effort between dermatology and general medicine is necessary for the early recognition and treatment of the skin conditions and also to ensure adequate metabolic control.

A Prospective Study on Type 2 Diabetic Patients having Cutaneous Manifestations in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rajsamand

Background:Diabetes mellitus is now affecting individuals of all age group and socioeconomic status. Besides other complications of the diabetes mellitus, skin is affected by the acute metabolic derangements as well as by chronic degenerative complications of diabetes. To evaluate the prevalence of skin manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus. To analyze the prevalence and pattern of skin disorders among diabetic patients in North part of Uttar Pradesh. Methods: This Prospective study was conducted on 40 diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patients having skin lesions attending the Department of Medicine, Ananta Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Rajsamand, Rajasthan were included in our study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 40 patients, only 25 patients were completed the whole study done during the duration of 3 months (March 2016 to May 2016. Results: The common skin disorders were: diabetic dermopathy (44%), Xerosis (36%), skin tags (32%), cutaneous infections (31%), and seborrheic keratosis (30%). Conclusions: Skin is involved in diabetes quite often and the manifestations are numerous. Most of the patients were affected from Diabetic dermopathy.

Correlation of Skin Changes with Hormonal Changes in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study Clinical Study.

Background:Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous collection of signs and symptoms that when gathered, form a spectrum of disorder with disturbance of reproductive, endocrine and metabolic functions.Aim:The aim of this study is to correlate the skin manifestations with hormonal changes and to know the incidence and prevalence of skin manifestations in patients with PCOS.Materials and Methods:A total of 40 patients with PCOS were examined during 1 year time period from May 2008 P to May 2009. Detailed clinical history was taken from each patient. PCOS was diagnosed on the basis of ultrasonography. Hormonal assays included fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrostenedione, prolactin, free testosterone, fasting lipid profile and sex hormone binding globulin. The results obtained were statistically correlated.Results:In our study, the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations was 90%. Of all the cutaneous manifestations acne was seen in highest percentage (67.5%), followed by hirsutism (62.5%), seborrhea (52.5%), androgenetic alopecia (AGA) (30%), acanthosis nigricans (22.5%) and acrochordons (10%). Fasting insulin levels was the most common hormonal abnormality seen in both acne and hirsutism, whereas AGA was associated with high testosterone levels.Conclusion:The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in PCOS was 90%. Hirsutism, acne, seborrhea, acanthosis nigricans and acrochordons were associated with increased levels of fasting insulin, whereas AGA showed higher levels of serum testosterone.

Skin manifestations in Egyptian diabetic patients: a case series study

BackgroundSkin manifestations in diabetes mellitus (DM) are quite common. Skin changes can manifest in the prediabetic stage, in the acute metabolic situation and in the late diabetic degenerative stage.ObjectiveTo study the prevalence and the pattern of cutaneous manifestations among diabetic patients to aid in better management of diabetic skin diseases.Patients and methodsOne hundred patients with DM having at least one skin manifestation were selected and subjected to a detailed dermatological and systemic examination, and the findings were recorded. Blood samples were obtained for random blood glucose level.ResultsThe most prevalent findings were cutaneous infections (40%), followed by pruritus (11%), local reactions at the site of insulin injection (8%), vitiligo (8%), diabetic dermopathy (7%), periungual telangectasia (6%), and xanthelasma (5%). The prevalence of skin manifestations was higher as the duration of diabetes increased and was more in type II than in type I diabetic patients.ConclusionThe early detection of skin manifestations in DM is of prime importance to be able to avoid and/or properly manage the complications and prevent disability.

The effect of environmental tobacco smoke on eczema and allergic sensitization in children.

The negative impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on airway diseases in children is well known. Whether there is an effect on atopic eczema is not clear. To determine the impact of ETS on atopic eczema, allergic sensitization and allergic airway diseases in 1669 school beginners. The prevalence of atopy-related health outcomes was assessed by questionnaire, dermatological examination, skin prick testing and specific immunoglobulin E measurement. Exposure assessments were based on measurement of cotinine [expressed as cotinine to creatine ratio (CCR)] in spot urine samples (n = 1220) together with questionnaire and interview data on smoking behaviour of the parents. In the total study group, prevalence of atopic eczema diagnosed on examination was significantly associated with urinary CCR values. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), calculated for an increase of 100 ng mg-1 CCR was 1.97 (95% CI 1.23-3.16). The prevalence of skin manifestations according to questionnaire data as well as a history of asthma, wheezing, and hay fever were positively although not significantly associated with ETS exposure. When genetically predisposed children (defined by the presence of parental atopy) were compared with children whose parents had no atopy, the ORs of allergic outcome variables were generally higher in the first group. In the group of predisposed children, significant associations with urinary CCR were found for allergic sensitization against house dust mites as measured by skin prick test (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.63-5.90). Children are at a higher risk of developing an atopic eczema when exposed to ETS and genetically predisposed children are at higher risk of developing a sensitization against house dust mites.

Dermatoses in cement workers in southern Taiwan.

Construction workers are known to have occupational dermatoses. The prevalence of such dermatoses was unknown in Taiwanese construction workers. The objective of this study was to determine the work exposure, prevalence of skin manifestations, and sensitivity to common contact allergens in cement workers of southern Taiwan. A total of 1147 current regular cement workers were telephone-interviewed about skin problems during the past 12 months, work exposure, and personal protection. Among those interviewed, 166 were examined and patch tested with common contact allergens. A high % of cement workers reported skin problems in the past 12 months. More men (13.9%) reported skin problems possibly related to work than women (5.4%). Prevalence was associated with lower use of gloves, duration of work as cement worker, and more time in jobs involving direct manual handling of cement, especially tiling. A high % of dermatitis was noted in the 166 workers examined, which correlated with reported skin problems. On patch testing, construction workers had a high frequency of sensitivity to chromate. Sensitivity to chromate or cobalt was associated with reported skin problems, or dorsal hand dermatitis on examination. These workers' dermatitis was under-diagnosed and inadequately managed. It is concluded that cement workers in southern Taiwan had a high prevalence of skin problems related to cement use. Protective measures, work practice, and physician education should be improved to prevent or manage such problems.