Prevalence Of Sight-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy Research Articles

Sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy and its predictors among patients with diabetes visiting Adare General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThe study aimed to determine the prevalence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy and its predictors among patients with diabetes attending Adare General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia.DesignA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted...

Changes in the Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy in Spain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its changes in the last 20 years in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Spain. Methods. A systematic review with a meta-analysis was carried out on the studies published between 2001–2020 on the prevalence and incidence of DR and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in Spain. The articles included were selected from four databases and publications of the Spanish Ministry of Health and Regional Health Care System (RHCS). The meta-analysis to determine heterogeneity and bias between studies was carried out with the MetaXL 4.0. Results. Since 2001, we have observed an increase in the detection of patients with DM, and at the same time, screening programs for RD have been launched; thus, we can deduce that the increase in the detection of patients with DM, many of them in the initial phases, far exceeds the increased detection of patients with DR. The prevalence of DR was higher between 2001 and 2008 with values of 28.85%. These values decreased over the following period between 2009 and 2020 with a mean of 15.28%. Similarly the STDR prevalence decrease from 3.67% to 1.92% after 2008. The analysis of the longitudinal studies determined that the annual DR incidence was 3.83%, and the STDR annual incidence was 0.41%. Conclusion. In Spain, for T2DM, the current prevalence of DR is 15.28% and 1.92% forSTDR. The annual incidence of DR is 3.83% and is 0.41% for STDR.

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in women with pregestational diabetes during pregnancy and the postpartum.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) may be affected by pregnancy. The majority of prevalence data regarding DR in pregnancy predate the advent of contemporary guidelines for diabetes management during pregnancy. This study reports DR prevalence and associated risk factors in women with pregestational diabetes during pregnancy and the postpartum in Australia. A total of 172 pregnant women with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes diagnosed pre-pregnancy were prospectively recruited from two obstetrics hospitals in Melbourne (November 2017-March 2020). Eye examinations were scheduled in each trimester, at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postpartum. DR severity was graded from two-field fundus photographs by an independent grader utilising the Airlie House Classification. Sight-threatening DR (STDR) was defined as the presence of diabetic macular oedema or proliferative DR. Overall, 146 (84.9%) women had at least one eye examination during pregnancy. The mean age was 33.8 years (range 19-51), median diabetes duration was 7.0 years (IQR 3.0-17.0), 71 women (48.6%) had T1DM. DR and STDR prevalence during pregnancy per 100 eyes was 24.3 (95% CI 19.7-29.6) and 9.0 (95% CI 6.1-12.9); while prevalence in the postpartum was 22.2 (95% CI 16.5-29.3) and 10.0 (95% CI 5.4-17.9), respectively. T1DM, longer diabetes duration, higher HbA1c in early pregnancy, and pre-existing nephropathy were significant risk factors. The prevalence of DR in pregnant women was similar to the non-pregnant diabetic population in Australia. One in nine participants had STDR during pregnancy and the postpartum, highlighting the need to optimise DR management guidelines in pregnancy given the significant risk of vision loss.

Prevalence of diabetic retinopahty in India: Results from the National Survey 2015-19.

Purpose:Diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) contribute to ocular morbidity and are emerging as diseases with significant public health impact. Our aim was to assess the countrywide prevalence of DR and sight-threatening DR (STDR) among persons with diabetes and to evaluate the coverage of DR examinations among them.Methods:The present survey was planned to estimate the burden of DR in the population aged ≥50 years for assisting in the planning and prioritization of diabetic eye services. For this survey, 21 districts with a high prevalence of DM were selected among the 31 districts where the national blindness and visual impairment survey was conducted. The total sample size was 63,000 people aged 50 years and above. DR was assessed by dilated fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscope and was graded according to Scottish DR grading. STDR included severe nonproliferative DR, proliferative DR, and clinically significant macular edema.Results:The prevalence of diabetes in the surveyed population was 11.8%. Among them, one-third were newly diagnosed DM, that is, diagnosed at the time of the survey. The study revealed that the prevalence of DR among persons with diabetes was 16.9%, the prevalence of STDR was 3.6%, and the prevalence of mild retinopathy was 11.8%. Risk factors for DR in the current study were duration of diabetes (>10 years, OR 4.8, 95% CI: 3.3–6.9), poor glycemic control (≥200 mg/dL, OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2–1.7) and insulin treatment (OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.7–4.1).Conclusion:The current study highlights the substantial burden of DM and DR in India and the critical need to adopt a coordinated and multisectoral approach to reduce their prevalence. There is a need for early identification of persons with diabetes and their routine screening for DR along with availability of treatment facilities.

Sight-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Risk Factors Among Adult Diabetes Patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BackgroundPeople with diabetes have an increased risk of developing sight-threatening conditions. Sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) is an advanced microvascular of complication of diabetes on the eye. It remains one of the leading causes of preventable blindness among working age adults around the world. There is a paucity of evidence on the prevalence of STDR and its associated factors in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of STDR and its associated factors among adult diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital (DTGH), Northwest Ethiopia.Materials and MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 306 diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital with systematic random sampling technique. Semi-structured questionnaire, document review and physical examination were applied to collect the data. Binary and multivariable logistic regression model were used to identify associated factors for STDR.ResultsThe majority of the participants 163 (53.3%) were type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and the mean age of T1 and T2 DM participants was 34.5 (12.8) and 58.7 (10.7) years respectively. The prevalence of STDR was 15.3% (95%CI: 9.6%–20.9%) and 11.9% (6.6–17.5) in T1DM and T2DM, respectively. Low family monthly income (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=4.4, 95%CI: 1.05–18.40) among T2DM, longer duration of diabetes (AOR=10.9, 95%CI: 2.94–40.4) among T1DM (AOR=3.54, 95CI: 1.06–11.8) among T2DM and poor glycemic control (AOR=3.93, 95%CI: 1.06–14.5) and hypertension (AOR=5.86, 95%CI: 1.20–28.6) among T1DM and BMI (AOR=4.79, 95%CI: 1.35–17.00) among T2DM were significantly associated with STDR.Conclusion and RecommendationThe prevalence of STDR was high. Low family monthly income, longer duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, hypertension and obesity were positively associated with STDR. Early screening of STDR and improving diabetes self management in all diabetes patients were recommended.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) among 40 years and older Saudi population with diabetes in Riyadh governorate, Saudi Arabia – A population based survey

PurposeTo present the prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among more than 40 years old Saudi population. MethodsA population based survey was conducted in Riyadh district between 2014 and 2017. All Saudi aged >40 years suffering from diabetes and confirmed in the diabetes register of the Primary Health Center (PHC) were the study population. Representative sample was examined. The Best corrected Visual acuity (BCVA), anterior and posterior segment assessment was performed. Digital fundus camera captured the retinal images. DR was graded into No DR, Non-proliferative DR (Mild, Moderate, Severe) and proliferative DR (PDR). Diabetic macular edema (DME) was separately noted. Sight Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy (STDR) included PDR and/or DME. ResultsWe examined 890 persons. The age sex adjusted prevalence of DR was 44.7% (95% CI 44.1 – 45.3). The DR among male was significantly higher than in females. [RR = 1.4 (95% CI 1.02 – 1.8)]. The DR in 60 plus population was higher compared to 40 to 60 years old diabetics [RR = 1.64 (95% CI 1.6 – 1.7), P < 0.001]. The crude prevalence of STDR was 12.4% (95% CI 9.1 – 15.7). Among diabetic with DR, bilateral and unilateral Severe Visual Impairment (SVI) rate were 1% and 1.8%. The coverage of retinal laser treatment for STDR was 6.1%. ConclusionsThe DR among diabetics is high among adult Saudi population. Both DR and STDR were more in males. Visual disabilities among DR cases were few. For early detection and timely management the services need urgent attention.

Diabetic retinopathy in a remote Indigenous primary healthcare population: a Central Australian diabetic retinopathy screening study in the Telehealth Eye and Associated Medical Services Network project.

To determine diabetic retinopathy prevalence and severity among remote Indigenous Australians. A cross-sectional diabetic retinopathy screening study of Indigenous adults with Type 2 diabetes was conducted by locally trained non-ophthalmic retinal imagers in a remote Aboriginal community-controlled primary healthcare clinic in Central Australia and certified non-ophthalmic graders in a retinal grading centre in Melbourne, Australia. The main outcome measure was prevalence of any diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Among 301 participants (33% male), gradable image rates were 78.7% (n = 237) for diabetic retinopathy and 83.1% (n = 250) for diabetic macular oedema, and 77.7% (n = 234) were gradable for both diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema. For the gradable subset, the median (range) age was 48 (19-86) years and known diabetes duration 9.0 (0-24) years. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 47% (n = 110) and for diabetic macular oedema it was 14.4% (n = 36). In the fully gradable imaging studies, sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy prevalence was 16.2% (n = 38): 14.1% (n = 33) for clinically significant macular oedema, 1.3% (n = 3) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 0.9% (n = 2) for both. Sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy had been treated in 78% of detected cases. A novel telemedicine diabetic retinopathy screening service detected a higher prevalence of 'any' diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in a remote primary care setting than reported in earlier surveys among Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Whether the observed high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was attributable to greater detection, increasing diabetic retinopathy prevalence, local factors, or a combination of these requires further investigation and, potentially, specific primary care guidelines for diabetic retinopathy management in remote Australia. Clinical Trials registration number: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN 12616000370404.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. A Longitudinal Study.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with several pathophysiological deficits found in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hence, it's plausible that OSA could play a role in the pathogenesis of sight-threatening DR (STDR). To assess the relationship between OSA and DR in patients with type 2 diabetes and to assess whether OSA is associated with its progression. A longitudinal study was conducted in diabetes clinics within two U.K. hospitals. Patients known to have any respiratory disorder (including OSA) were excluded. DR was assessed using two-field 45-degree retinal images for each eye. OSA was assessed using a home-based multichannel cardiorespiratory device. A total of 230 patients were included. STDR and OSA prevalence rates were 36.1% and 63.9%, respectively. STDR prevalence was higher in patients with OSA than in those without OSA (42.9% vs. 24.1%; P = 0.004). After adjustment for confounders, OSA remained independently associated with STDR (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-4.9; P = 0.04). After a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 43.0 (37.0-51.0) months, patients with OSA were more likely than patients without OSA to develop preproliferative/proliferative DR (18.4% vs. 6.1%; P = 0.02). After adjustment for confounders, OSA remained an independent predictor of progression to preproliferative/proliferative DR (odds ratio, 5.2; 95% CI confidence interval, 1.2-23.0; P = 0.03). Patients who received continuous positive airway pressure treatment were significantly less likely to develop preproliferative/proliferative DR. OSA is associated with STDR in patients with type 2 diabetes. OSA is an independent predictor for the progression to preproliferative/proliferative DR. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment was associated with reduction in preproliferative/proliferative DR. Interventional studies are needed to assess the impact of OSA treatment on STDR.

Diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in people aged 50 years and older in Hungary

Background/aimsThe purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the population aged 50 years and older in Hungary, and to...

Prevalence and causes of blindness and diabetic retinopathy in Southern Saudi Arabia.

Objectives:To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Jazan district, Southern Saudi Arabia.Methods:Using the standardized Rapid Assessment for Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) and DR cross-sectional methodology, 3800 subjects were randomly selected from the population of ≥50 years of age in Jazan, Saudi Arabia between November 2011 and January 2012. Participants underwent screening comprised of interview, random blood glucose test, and ophthalmic assessment including visual acuity (VA) and fundus examination. Among participants with VA <6/18 in either eye, the cause(s) of visual impairment was determined. Participants were classified as diabetic if they had previous diagnoses of diabetes, or random blood glucose >200 mg/dl. Diabetic participants were assessed for DR using dilated fundus examination. All data were recorded using the RAAB + DR standardized forms.Results:The prevalence of bilateral blindness <3/60 was 3.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.74 - 3.90). Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (58.6%); followed by posterior segment diseases (20%), which included DR (7; 3.3%). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 22.4%, (95% CI: 21.09 - 23.79), among them; 27.8% had DR. The prevalence of sight-threatening DR was 5.7%.Conclusion:The prevalence of DM and the corresponding proportion of DR in this region is lower than that reported in other regions of Saudi Arabia. However, the prevalence of blindness not related to DR is relatively higher than the other studies.

Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

To investigate the relationship between vitaminD deficiency and diabetic retinopathy. In total, 1520 patients with Type2 diabetes were recruited and divided into three groups according to their fundus oculi results: no diabetic retinopathy (n=625, 41.12%); non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (n=562, 36.97%); and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (n=333, 21.91%). VitaminD deficiency was defined as a serum circulating 25-hydroxyvitaminD level <20ng/ml. Clinical characteristics and biochemical parameters were detected and compared. The patients with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD concentrations and higher prevalence of vitaminD deficiency than other two groups (all P<0.05). In addition, there was a downward trend in average 25-hydroxyvitaminD level with the increased stages of diabetic retinopathy (P<0.01). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in patients with vitaminD deficiency was also higher than in those without vitaminD deficiency (both P<0.01). After adjusting for all potential confounders, vitaminD deficiency was still associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 1.93) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 2.42) (both P<0.01). Logistical regression analysis further revealed that vitaminD deficiency was an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (β=0.66) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (β=0.93) (both P<0.01). ROC analysis indicated that a serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD level <15.57ng/ml suggested the occurrence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 2.38, P<0.01). VitaminD deficiency is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy doubles when the serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD level is <15.57ng/ml.

Sex- and Age-Specific Prevalence and Incidence Rates of Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Taiwan

The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is high in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Published estimates for sight-threatening DR (STDR) prevalence range widely. There is a need for precise contemporary estimates of the prevalence and incidence of STDR for providing optimal strategies of clinical management in Taiwan. To determine the precise contemporary estimates of the prevalence and incidence of STDR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan. Data were collected from a representative database, the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005, from 2005 to 2011, on a total of 2926 incident cases of patients with STDR among 63,582 patients with type 2 diabetes. Sight-threatening DR was defined as clinically significant macular edema, severe nonproliferative DR, or proliferative DR according to the classification of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study research group. Sex-specific and age-adjusted incidence and prevalence rates of STDR were analyzed for patients with type 2 diabetes and STDR identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes and procedure codes. Procedure codes were used to determine the diagnosis of STDR. The number of incident cases of STDR increased in line with the increasing diabetic population during 2005-2011. Sex differences in the age-adjusted incidence rates were observed, showing a declining trend from 10.84 (95% CI, 10.69%-10.99%) to 6.00 (95% CI, 5.86%-6.14%) per 1000 person-years for women (P < .001) contrasting with an increasing trend in men, from 14.86 (95% CI, 14.71%-15.01%) to 21.89 (95% CI, 21.76%-22.02%) per 1000 person-years (P < .001). The age-adjusted prevalence rates of STDR were in decreasing trends for both sexes, with a mean of 2.75% for women and 2.87% for men. Apart from apparent sex differences in prevalence rates of STDR, increasing trends were observed among younger patients (aged <60 years). We found considerable variation in the incidence trends between sexes. Our findings provide evidence that the incident cases of STDR have increased among patients with type 2 diabetes, but the overall prevalence of STDR is in a declining trend in Taiwan, suggesting that decreased mortality rate, better diabetes management, and early detection of treatable DR might contribute to the prevalence patterns.

Vibration perception threshold for sight‐threatening retinopathy screening in type 2 diabetic outpatients

We investigated the relationship between vibration perception threshold and diabetic retinopathy and verified the screening value of vibration perception threshold for severe diabetic retinopathy. A total of 955 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and divided into three groups according to their fundus oculi photography results: no diabetic retinopathy (n = 654, 68.48%), non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (n = 189, 19.79%) and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (n = 112, 11.73%). Their clinical and biochemical characteristics, vibration perception threshold and the diabetic retinopathy grades were detected and compared. There were significant differences in diabetes duration and blood glucose levels among three groups (all p < 0.05). The values of vibration perception threshold increased with the rising severity of retinopathy, and the vibration perception threshold level of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy group was significantly higher than both non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy and no diabetic retinopathy groups (both p < 0.01). The prevalence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in vibration perception threshold >25 V group was significantly higher than those in 16-24 V group (p < 0.01). The severity of diabetic retinopathy was positively associated with diabetes duration, blood glucose indexes and vibration perception threshold (all p < 0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis proved that glycosylated haemoglobin (β = 0.385, p = 0.000), diabetes duration (β = 0.275, p = 0.000) and vibration perception threshold (β = 0.180, p = 0.015) were independent risk factors for diabetic retinopathy. Receiver operating characteristic analysis further revealed that vibration perception threshold higher than 18 V was the optimal cut point for reflecting high risk of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio = 4.20, 95% confidence interval = 2.67-6.59). There was a close association between vibration perception threshold and the severity of diabetic retinopathy. vibration perception threshold was a potential screening method for diabetic retinopathy, and its optimal cut-off for prompting high risk of sight-threatening retinopathy was 18 V.

Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness and Diabetic Retinopathy in Chiapas, Mexico

To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness in Chiapas, Mexico, and to assess the feasibility of using the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness framework to estimate diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence. A cross-sectional population-based survey. Sixty-six clusters of 50 people 50 years of age or older were selected by probability proportionate to size sampling. Households within clusters were selected through compact segment sampling. Participants underwent visual acuity (VA) screening and diagnosis of cause of visual impairment by an ophthalmologist. Participants were classed as having diabetes if they had a previous diagnosis of diabetes, were receiving treatment for glucose control, or had a random blood glucose level of more than 200 mg/dl. Participants with diabetes were assessed for DR using dilated clinical examination (direct and indirect ophthalmoscope) and 1 dilated digital fundus photograph per eye (graded by an ophthalmologist during the survey and regraded by a retinal specialist-"reference standard") following the Scottish DR grading protocol. Prevalence of blindness (VA <20/400 in the best eye with available correction) and DR. Three thousand three hundred subjects were selected, of whom 2864 (87%) were examined. The estimated prevalence of bilateral blindness was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7%-2.9%). Cataract was the leading cause of bilateral blindness (63%), followed by posterior segment diseases (24%), which included DR (8% of blindness). The prevalence of diabetes was 21% (19.5%-23.1%). Among participants with diabetes, the prevalence of DR (in at least 1 eye) was 38.9% (95% CI, 33.7%-44.1%). The prevalence of sight-threatening DR (STDR; defined as proliferative DR, referable maculopathy, or both) was 21.0% (95% CI, 16.7%-25.3%). Agreement with the reference standard was good for any retinopathy and STDR for the clinical examination (κ = 0.80 and 0.79, respectively) and the photograph graded during the survey (κ = 0.80 and 0.82, respectively). The prevalence of diabetes and DR in Chiapas was high. Including the DR component was possible, but added considerably to the cost and complexity of the survey, and so would be warranted only if a high prevalence of diabetes is expected and if resources and time permit.

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, cataract and visual impairment in patients with diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa

Background/aimsThere are few published data on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in sub-Saharan Africa. We report the prevalence of all grades of retinopathy and associations with systemic parameters in patients...

Screening for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy using non-mydriatic retinal camera in a primary care setting: to dilate or not to dilate?

To evaluate three different strategies (without or with mydriasis) for community based screening for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR). A masked cross-sectional comparative study. Primary care centre. 216 type-1 and type-2 diabetic patients (432 eyes). Screening for STDR was performed with the Topcon CRW6S non-mydriatic camera (NMC), compared with the grading of the seven-field standard stereoscopic photographs, 30 degrees field photographs with mydriasis as the gold standard method. Three fields were studied: Field 1 centred on the macula; field 2 centred on the disc and the macula and field 3 centred on the disc, on the macula and temporal upper to the macula all without and with mydriasis. Sensitivity and specificity of screening method and prevalence of STDR. Strategies: field 1 (macular), addition of field 2 (nasal), addition of field 3 (superior temporal) all without and with mydriasis. The prevalence of STDR was 14.3%. When screening without mydriasis is performed, the percentage of referred patients increases from 14% (STDR) to almost 33% because of ungradable photographs. Sensitivity of detection of STDR by NMC using single field with mydriasis was 82% (95% confidence interval 72-92%) and without mydriasis 67% (54-80%). Specificity was 99% (97-100%) for single field with mydriasis and 99% (98-100%) without mydriasis. Sensitivity of detection using two fields with mydriasis was 95% (89-100%); without mydriasis (54-80%), slightly better than single field with mydriasis (72-92%). Specificity was similar. Screening for STDR with NMC can be performed effectively with one non-stereoscopic retinal photograph per eye with mydriasis using tropicamide 0.5%. Screening without mydriasis increases the number of patients to be referred.

Diabetic retinopathy and socioeconomic deprivation in Gloucestershire

To investigate socioeconomic variations in diabetes prevalence, uptake of screening for diabetic retinopathy, and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy. The County of Gloucestershire formed the setting of the study. A cross-sectional study of people with diabetes was done on a countywide retinopathy-screening database. Diabetes prevalence with odds ratios, uptake of screening, prevalence of any retinopathy and prevalence of sight-threatening retinopathy at screening were compared for different area deprivation quintiles. Logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding. With each increasing quintile of deprivation, diabetes prevalence increased (odds ratio 0.84), the probability of having been screened for diabetic retinopathy decreased (odds ratio 1.11), and the prevalence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy among screened patients increased (odds ratio of 0.98), while the prevalence of non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy remained unchanged with each increasing quintile of deprivation. Sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy was associated with socioeconomic deprivation, but non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy was not. Uptake of screening was inversely related to socioeconomic deprivation.