Prevalence Of Root Resorption Research Articles

External apical root resorption in African American orthodontic patients.

External apical root resorption (EARR) is a side effect of orthodontic treatment that results in root shortening. However, this condition has yet to be evaluated in African Americans. The aim of this study was to determine the EARR prevalence within this ethnicity and investigate how patient and treatment-related factors contribute to root resorption. The records of 336 African Americans treated at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry Department of Orthodontics were retrospectively analyzed with Dolphin Imaging software. Pre-treatment and post-treatment panoramic radiographs were used to measure EARR. Resorption was recorded when final roots were at least 2 mm shorter after orthodontic treatment. Additionally, moderate and severe EARR was reported when 20% and 50% or more of the root structure was lost for any of the four maxillary incisors, respectively. The Pearson chi-square test was used to evaluate the associations of individual patient and treatment-related factors with EARR. The prevalence of root resorption with 2 mm or greater of root structure loss was 51.8%. The prevalence of ≥ 20% EARR was 29.8%. Only one patient displayed severe resorption (0.3%). The associations between the patient-specific and treatment-specific variables and EARR were not statistically significant (P > .05). More than half of the African American patients exhibit at least 2 mm of root resorption with orthodontic treatment. However, in this ethnicity, patient-related factors such as age, gender, dental malocclusion, and skeletal classifications, as well as treatment-related factors do not indicate a significant correlation with the risk of developing EARR.

Root resorption followed by orthodontic treatment in individuals with anterior open bite. A complete vision focused on different treatment alternatives: A review.

The aim of this review was to determine the incidence of different types of treatment and the prevalence of root resorption in incisors induced by orthodontic treatment in patients with open bite. Libraries and electronic databases were searched, with 322 articles being selected and 55 articles considered regarding PRISMA checklist. It has been shown that apical root resorption of the incisors is more frequent in patients with premolar extractions than in those treated without extractions, due to greater apical displacement during retraction of the anterior teeth in the space closure phase. On the other hand, it has been described that intrusion of posterior teeth is four times more likely to cause root resorption than extrusion movement, thereby increasing the risk of root resorption in posterior teeth compared to conventional orthodontic treatment not requiring molar intrusions. Finally, aligners, such as orthodontic treatments with fixed appliances, have not been shown to induce clinically significant root resorption in open bite individuals. Literature on root resorption in open bite treatments is scarce making difficult conclusions difficult. However, the amount of root loss in cases of open bite seems to be similar to that of individuals without open bite.

Evaluation of Lateral Incisor Resorption Caused by Impacted Maxillary Canines Based on CBCT: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Root resorption (RR) of the adjacent teeth due to upper canine impaction requires an appropriate modification of the orthodontic treatment plan and the mechanotherapy used. Aim: The aim of this review was to assess scientific evidence published during the last decade, concerning the prevalence of lateral incisor RR caused by impacted maxillary canines, based only on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The location of RR on this tooth, as well as the prevalence of RR on the other adjacent teeth, were additionally evaluated. Methods: This review followed the criteria specified by the PRISMA statement. Four databases were searched for articles published between January 2008 and June 2021. Predefined and piloted data collection forms were used to record the necessary information. Results: A total of 5098 records were initially screened. Only seven articles were finally eligible for further analysis. A total number of 540 participants (176 males and 364 females) was derived from the included studies. RR of maxillary lateral incisors was common (50%). RR of mild severity was more common (62%), more frequently located in the middle (52%) and apical (42%) thirds of the root. Conclusions: Further research with more homogeneous groups is required.

The Prevalence of Root Resorption after Orthodontic Treatment in Patients Attending a University Hospital Dental Clinic.

Introduction:After orthodontic treatment, some teeth undergo external root resorption due to different factors, such as the root shape, oral habits, biological and genetic factor, gender, and age. Furthermore, extraction cases, long treatment duration, and the amount of force applied during the treatment might be related to root resorption.Materials and Methods:Panoramic radiographs for 226 patients treated in the orthodontic department were screened. The lower first permanent molars, lower second premolars, and lower first premolars were measured in centimeters on a ruler using ImageJ System. Teeth were measured from the cusp tip to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and from the CEJ to the root apex, and then, the tooth was measured as a whole before and after the treatment.Results:Multiple analysis of variance showed that there were no interactions between the root lengths of all teeth tested and either gender, treatment type, or treatment duration (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Based on the results of this study, no statistically significance relationship between external apical root resorption and gender, type of treatment, and treatment duration was found.

Influences of abnormal root shape and the amount of tooth movement on the prevalence of root resorption in open bite

Recently, many reports have been made about severe root resorption in open-bite cases during orthodontic treatment. However, no information is available for the association of the prevalence of roo...

Variations in the presenting and treatment features in reimplanted permanent incisors in children and their effect on the prevalence of root resorption

Variations in the presenting and treatment features in reimplanted permanent incisors in children and their effect on the prevalence of root resorption

Variations in the presenting and treatment features in reimplanted permanent incisors in children and their effect on the prevalence of root resorption

To examine variations in the presentation and treatment of reimplanted incisors in children and to determine the effect of these on the prevalence of external root resorption. Departments of Paediatric Dentistry, Belfast and Newcastle upon Tyne. Recording of the timing of the injury and the storage mediums (including air) and of reimplantation, the stage of root development, the degree of contamination and the time of commencement of root treatment. Cases were reviewed clinically and radiographically at intervals of 3 months. Root resorption was classified as present or absent. Logistic regression and cross-tabulations were produced with the presence of resorption set as the outcome. 128 reimplanted permanent incisor teeth, their median dry time prior to reimplantation being 15 minutes (range 4-52 mins), the median time in a liquid medium being 45 minutes (range 0-650 mins), with a median splinting time of 15 days (range 4-52 days) and a median pulp extirpation time of 15 days (range 0-612 days). There was a lower prevalence of resorption when the period of dryness was less than or equal to 5 minutes (p = 0.025). The prevalence of resorption in teeth with no visible contamination was 57.1%, for those with contamination which were washed clean it was 75%, in those rubbed clean it was 87.5%, and it was 100% for those reimplanted with visible contamination still present (p = 0.014). The corrected odds ratio for contamination was 2.99 and for an extension of 10 minutes of dryness it was 1.29. The degree of contamination and the period of dryness were the major risk factors for resorption in this study of reimplanted teeth in children.

A radiographic comparison of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with 3 different fixed appliance techniques

Apical root resorption is an undesirable, but frequent side effect of orthodontic treatment, and therefore improvements in orthodontic techniques and materials are in constant development to decrease it. One of the most recently developed orthodontic techniques is the Bioefficient Therapy that uses contemporary orthodontic materials. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to compare the amount of root resorption after orthodontic treatment between the simplified standard edgewise technique (group 1), the edgewise straight wire system (group 2), and the Bioefficient Therapy (group 3). It was also the purpose of this investigation to evaluate the amount of root resorption in the whole sample studied and the prevalence of root resorption in the upper and lower incisors. Thus, periapical radiographs were obtained with the long cone paralleling technique for the upper and lower incisors from 30 patients for each group. Root resorption was ranked by scores by 2 examiners who had an excellent intra and interexaminer calibration by Kendall concordance coefficient. Results of the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated that group 3 (Bioefficient Therapy) presented less root resorption than the others. It was speculated that the factors responsible for the lesser resorption in this technique were the use of heat-activated and superelastic wires with the bracket design in this technique as well as the use of a smaller rectangular stainless steel wire (0.018 × 0.025 inch) in a 0.022 × 0.028 inch slot during incisor retraction and the finishing stages, as compared to the other techniques. Considering the whole sample, there was no root resorption in 2.25% of the analyzed teeth. There was only a slight resorption in 42.56%, a moderate resorption in 53.37%, an accentuated resorption in 1.40% and an extreme root resorption in only 0.42% of the teeth. The prevalence of resorption for each incisor indicated, in decreasing order, a greater resorption for the upper centrals, followed by the upper laterals, lower centrals, and lastly the lower lateral incisors. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;118:262–73)

Prevalence and severity of apical root resorption and alveolar bone loss in orthodontically treated adults

This study assessed the frequency of root resorption and alveolar bone loss in 88 adults who had undergone orthodontic treatment. Pretreatment and posttreatment periapical radiographs were used to determine the amount of external apical root resorption and alveolar bone loss of the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Alveolar bone loss in the posterior quadrants was determined from bite-wing radiographs. The number of incisors showing root resorption, including blunting, increased from 15% before treatment to 73% after treatment. The number of incisors having moderate to severe apical root resorption was 2% before treatment and 24.5% after treatment. The number of anterior sites in which loss of alveolar bone height exceeded 2 mm from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest increased from 19% before treatment to 37% after treatment; the number of posterior sites was 7% before treatment and 14% after treatment. Bone LOSS × 1.5 mm from the pretreatment to posttreatment stages occurred in 11% of the incisors and 3% of the posterior sites. A marked increase in the prevalence of root resorption and alveolar bone loss occurred over the course of treatment. The prevalence of iatrogenic effects for adults may be higher for incisors than in previously reported adolescent studies. A small subgroup with multiple sites of either root resorption or bone loss account for a disproportionate number of iatrogenic sequelae. However, in general, the iatrogenic experience did not preclude the orthodontic treatment of adults. (A M J O RTHOD D ENTOFAC O RTHOP 1996;109:28-37.)

The influence of orthodontic treatment on previously traumatized permanent incisors

The reaction of previously traumatized teeth to orthodontic force application was investigated. Four groups of children were examined: group T comprised 56 children who encountered trauma to their maxillary incisors; group O comprised 29 orthodontic patients with intact incisors; group TO comprised 28 previously traumatized orthodontic patients; and group C served as the control group (n = 26). Orthodontic treatment was restricted to tipping movement executed only by means of removable appliances. Groups T, O, and TO were followed up longitudinally by means of clinical and radiographic examinations. In most of the cases the reported trauma occurred to teeth with completed roots and affected the crown only. Group TO presented the highest, though relatively moderate, prevalence of root resorption (27.8 per cent) and was followed by groups O and T (6.7 and 7.8 per cent, respectively) while in the control group no resorption was observed. Electrical pulp testing revealed the highest prevalence of loss of tooth vitality in group TO (7.3 per cent) in which the highest prevalence of pulp obliteration was also found. It can be concluded that the combination of trauma with orthodontic tipping renders the teeth more susceptible to complications, especially to root resorption and loss of vitality.