Prevalence Of Radiographic Findings Research Articles

Radiographic findings in patients suspected of subacromial impingement syndrome: prevalence and reliability.

Aims were to (i) report prevalence and (ii) evaluate reliability of the radiographic findings in examinations of patients suspected of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS), performed before a patient's first consultation at orthopaedic department. This cross-sectional study examined radiographs from 850 patients, age 18 to 63years, referred to orthopaedic clinic on suspicion of SIS. Prevalence (%) of radiographic findings were registered. Inter- and intrarater reliability was analysed using expected and observed agreement (%), kappa coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, or intraclass coefficients. A total of 850 patients with a mean age of 48.2years (SD = 8.8) were included. Prevalence of the radiographic findings was as follows: calcification 24.4%, Bigliani type III (hooked) acromion 15.8%, lateral/medial acromial spurs 11.1%/6.6%, acromioclavicular osteoarthritis 12.0%, and Bankart/Hill-Sachs lesions 7.1%. Inter- and intrarater Kappa values for most radiographic findings ranged between 0.40 and 0.89; highest values for the presence of calcification (0.85 and 0.89) and acromion type (0.63 and 0.66). The inter- and intrarater intraclass coefficients ranged between 0.41 and 0.83; highest values for acromial tilt (0.79 and 0.83) and calcification area (0.69 and 0.81). Calcification, Bigliani type III (hooked) acromion, and acromioclavicular osteoarthritis were prevalent findings among patients seen in orthopaedic departments on suspicion of SIS. Spurs and Bankart/Hill-Sachs lesions were less common. Optimal reliabilities were found for the presence of calcification, calcification area, and acromial tilt. Calcification qualities, acromion type, lateral spur, and acromioclavicular osteoarthritis showed suboptimal reliabilities. Newer architectural measures (acromion index and lateral acromial angle) performed well with respect to reliability.

Prevalence of radiographic findings in chronic osteomyelitis

BackgroundSimple radiography in conjunction with pertinent medical history and a comprehensive physical examination is typically adequate for diagnosing chronic osteomyelitis (CO). However, radiographic manifestations of CO lack specificity; therefore, the concordance among specialists in this regard has not been systematically assessed. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the proficiency of orthopedic surgeons and radiologists in identifying radiographic indicators present in simple radiographs for diagnosing CO.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was a correlational investigation utilizing plain radiographs obtained from a cohort of 60 patients diagnosed with CO. Comprehensive assessments of the demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and microbiological parameters were conducted. Additional variables included the anatomical location of the CO, existence of fistulas, disease duration, and presence of pseudoarthrosis. This study meticulously documented the presence or absence of six specific findings: bone destruction, which incorporates erosion and radiolucencies around implants; bone sclerosis; cortical thinning concomitant with erosion; cortical thickening; sequestrum formation; and soft-tissue swelling.ResultsMost patients were men (75%), with a mean age of 45.1 years. Hematogenous etiology of CO represented 23%. Bone sclerosis (71.3%) and cortical thickening (67.7%) were the most common radiographic findings, followed by soft-tissue swelling (51.3%), sequestration (47.3%), bone destruction (33.3%), and cortical erosion (30.3%). The mean agreement was 74.2%, showing a marked disagreement rate of 25.8% among all radiographic findings. The presence or absence of soft tissue edema, a prominent radiographic finding that was more important than the other findings, showed the greatest disagreement.ConclusionsRadiographic findings in CO were universally observed in all patients, demonstrating a high degree of concordance among specialists, with the exception of soft tissue swelling.

Is there a relationship between femoral neck-shaft angle and ischiofemoral impingement in patients with hip pain?

Ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) is a cause of deep gluteal space syndrome. The prevalence of radiographic findings in patients with hip pain is unknown. To assess if there is a correlation between femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA) and the distance of the ischiofemoral space (IFS) and quadratus femoris space (QFS) and to determine the prevalence of quadratus femoris (QF) edema in patients with hip pain. A retrospective case series was conducted involving 100 consecutive hip or pelvis magnetic resonance imaging scans on patients presenting with hip pain. NSA, IFS and QFS distances were measured and presence of QF edema was noted. Analysis of the groups (QF edema vs no edema) was performed using two-tailed t-test and Pearson correlation. There were 18 hips in the edema group (mean age 51.11 years ± 10.5) and 82 hips in the non-edema group (mean age 40.79 years ± 15.9). Within the edema group, there was a moderate positive correlation between NSA and QFS (r = 0.498, P = 0.036) and a weak positive correlation between NSA and IFI (0.312, P = 0.208). The prevalence of QF edema in this study was 18% with only 28% of those subjects having clinical symptoms of IFI. Patients with QF edema had significantly narrower QFS and IFS distances (P < 0.001). The prevalence of QF edema is 18% in a consecutive sample of adults with hip pain. In patients with QF edema, only 28% have symptoms of IFI. In patients with QF edema, there was a moderate positive correlation between NSA and QFS.

Radiographic Changes of the Distal Phalangeal Tuft of the Hands in Subjects With Systemic Sclerosis. Systematic Review

ObjectiveTo determine abnormal plain radiograph findings of the distal phalanx tuft of the hand (DPTH) associated with systemic sclerosis in adults. MethodsA systematic review was developed following the parameters of the PRISMA guidelines in databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIREME, Scielo, Google Scholar and others including as primary outcomes alterations of DPTH (erosions, resorption, sclerosis and proliferation) detected by simple radiography in subjects with systemic sclerosis. The prevalence of radiographic findings was synthesized using the fixed effects model. The statistical associations were expressed in terms of relative risk or odds ratio with their respective confidence intervals and p values. ResultsTwenty-two observational studies were included; the prevalence of DPTH resorption was 28.3% (95% CI: 0.256–0.312; p<.001); I2=80.4%, the prevalence of calcinosis was 15.6% (95% CI: 0.113–0.210; p<.001); I2=0%. No study reported proliferation or erosions and only one study described sclerosis of DPTH in 5 individuals. ConclusionsResorption and calcinosis of DPTH are the characteristic radiographic findings in patients with systemic sclerosis. However, new studies with greater methodological strength are needed to establish associations between these phenomena and their presence in other connective tissue diseases.

Radiographic changes in the distal phalanx tuft of the hands in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. Systematic review

Abstract Objective To determine the abnormal findings in the distal phalanx tuft of the hands (DPTH) in plain radiographs associated with the presence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults subjects. Methods A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines using databases, such as, Medline, Embase, Bireme, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The main changes in the DPTH included erosion, resorption, sclerosis, and proliferation detected on plain radiographs in adults with RA. Prevalence of radiographic findings was analyzed using a Mantel–Haenszel fixed effects model. Statistical associations (according to study type) were expressed as relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) with their respective confidence intervals (CI) and p values. Results A total of 9 studies were included, in which sclerosis prevalence in the DPTH was 28.3% (95% CI: 0.23–0.34; p I 2 value = 75%). Resorption prevalence in the DPTH was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.006–0.05; p I 2 value = 0%). No study reported proliferation or erosions in DPTH. Conclusion Sclerosis in the DPTH is the most frequent radiographic alteration in patients with RA. However, it cannot be considered a pathognomonic finding of that condition, therefore new studies with a more solid methodological structure are needed to clarify this association. Finally, proliferation, erosion or resorption on the DPTH are not typical radiographic findings in subjects with RA.

Cambios radiográficos del penacho de la falange distal de las manos, en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Revisión sistemática

ObjectiveTo determine the abnormal findings in the distal phalanx tuft of the hands (DPTH) in plain radiographs associated with the presence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults subjects. MethodsA systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines using databases, such as, Medline, Embase, Bireme, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The main changes in the DPTH included erosion, resorption, sclerosis, and proliferation detected on plain radiographs in adults with RA. Prevalence of radiographic findings was analysed using a Mantel-Haenszel fixed effects model. Statistical associations (according to study type) were expressed as relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) with their respective confidence intervals (CI) and p values. ResultsA total of 9 studies were included, in which sclerosis prevalence in the DPTH was 28.3% (95% CI: 0.23-0.34; P<.001, and I2 value=75%). Resorption prevalence in the DPTH was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.006-0.05; P<.001, and I2 value=0%). No study reported proliferation or erosions in DPTH. ConclusionSclerosis in the DPTH is the most frequent radiographic alteration in patients with RA. However, it cannot be considered a pathognomonic finding of that condition, therefore new studies with a more solid methodological structure are needed to clarify this association.Finally, proliferation, erosion or resorption on the DPTH are not typical radiographic findings in subjects with RA.

Cambios radiográficos del penacho de la falange distal de las manos en pacientes con esclerosis sistémica. Revisión sistemática

ObjectiveTo determine abnormal plain radiograph findings of the distal phalanx tuft of the hand (DPTH) associated with systemic sclerosis in adults. MethodsA systematic review was developed following the parameters of the PRISMA guidelines in databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIREME, Scielo, Google Scholar and others including as primary outcomes alterations of DPTH (erosions, resorption, sclerosis and proliferation) detected by simple radiography in subjects with systemic sclerosis. The prevalence of radiographic findings was synthesized using the fixed effects model. The statistical associations were expressed in terms of relative risk or odds ratio with their respective confidence intervals and p values. ResultsTwenty-two observational studies were included; the prevalence of DPTH resorption was 28.3% (95% CI: 0.256–0.312; p < .001); I2=80.4%, the prevalence of calcinosis was 15.6% (95% CI: 0.113-0.210; p < .001); I2=0%. No study reported proliferation or erosions and only one study described sclerosis of DPTH in 5 individuals. ConclusionsResorption and calcinosis of DPTH are the characteristic radiographic findings in patients with systemic sclerosis. However, new studies with greater methodological strength are needed to establish associations between these phenomena and their presence in other connective tissue diseases.

The prevalence of radiographic signs of pincer type morphology in a population based cohort study of asymptomatic Japanese.

This study was designed to document the prevalence of radiographic findings of pincer-type morphology in an asymptomatic population and determine any relationship to age. A total of 2,104 hips in 1,052 patients (mean age 38.9 years [10-59]), who underwent abdominal/pelvic computed tomography for other conditions, were identified retrospectively. Anteroposterior scout radiographs were used to detect the acetabular crossover sign (COS), prominent ischial spine (PRIS), coxa profunda (CP), and posterior wall sign (PWS). Subgroup analyses of signs were performed by age (group 1: 532 hips in &lt;30-year-old patients; group 2: 1,572 hips in ≥30-year-old patients). COS and PRIS was observed significantly more often in group 1 vs. group 2: COS was 73.1% vs. 29.3% in group 2, p&lt;0.001; PRIS was 23.9% vs.7.4% in group 2, p&lt;0.001. CP and PWS was observed significantly less frequently in group 1 vs. group 2: CP 3.4% vs. 21.2% in group 2, p&lt;0.001; PWS was 4.7% vs. 11.0% in group 2, p&lt;0.001. Radiographic pincer-type findings were common in an asymptomatic population and their prevalence was dependent upon a patient's age, indicating a diagnosis using radiographic parameters should also take into account a patient's age.

Prevalence of Radiographic Findings in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain Screened for a Randomized Controlled Trial: Secondary Analysis and Clinical Implications

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to measure the prevalence of graded disc degeneration, spondylolisthesis, transitional segmentation, and the distribution of sacral slope in patients 21 to 65 years of age with chronic low back pain (CLBP). MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed 247 digital lumbar radiographic series obtained during a randomized controlled trial of chiropractic patients with CLBP. Chronic low back pain was defined as pain in the low back lasting 12 weeks or longer. Radiographic findings of disc degeneration, spondylolisthesis, and lumbosacral transitional segmentation were graded by 2 authors using established classification criteria. Sacral slope was measured with a digital tool contained within imaging software. ResultsLumbosacral transitional segments graded I to IV (Castellvi classification) were present in 14% of cases. Lumbar disc degeneration was most prevalent at L3-4 (49%), followed by L4-5 (42%), L2-3 (41%), L5-S1 (37%), and L1-2 (29%). Isthmic spondylolisthesis was present in 5% of cases, with L5 the most common location. Degenerative spondylolisthesis demonstrated a prevalence of 18%, most commonly occurring at L4. The prevalence of degenerative spondylolisthesis was 51% for women aged 50 to 59 years and 24% for men in the same age range. ConclusionsModerate-severe disc degeneration, multilevel disc narrowing, and degenerative spondylolisthesis were common in individuals with CLBP with age more than 40 years. Isthmic spondylolisthesis was not more prevalent than what has been reported in other populations. Transitional segmentation was identified in a minority of participants, with some of these exhibiting accessory joints or fusion. Mean sacral slope in individuals with CLBP was not substantially different from mean slopes reported in other populations.

Prevalence of Radiographic Findings Thought to Be Associated with Femoroacetabular Impingement in a Population-based Cohort of 2081 Healthy Young Adults

To report the prevalence of qualitative radiographic findings for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and associations among them and to characterize the inter- and intraobserver variability of these interpretations. This study is part of an institutional review board-approved population-based prospective follow-up of 2081 of 4006 (participation rate, 51.9%) young adults (874 [42.0%] male participants, 1207 [58.0%] female participants; mean age, 18.6 years) who took part in a randomized hip trial on developmental dysplasia of the hip. All participants gave informed consent. Two pelvic radiographs were obtained. Pistol-grip deformity, focal femoral neck prominence, and flattening of the lateral head, all suggestive of cam-type impingement, and the posterior wall sign, excessive acetabular coverage, and crossover sign, all suggestive of pincer-type impingement, were assessed subjectively by an experienced radiologist. To assess inter- and intraobserver agreement, images from 350 examinations were read independently twice by two observers. Cam-type deformities were seen in 868 male and 1192 female participants, respectively, as follows: pistol-grip deformity, 187 (21.5%) and 39 (3.3%); focal femoral neck prominence, 89 (10.3%) and 31 (2.6%); and flattening of the lateral femoral head, 125 (14.4%) and 74 (6.2%). Pincer-type deformities were seen in the same numbers of male and female participants, respectively, as follows: posterior wall sign, 203 (23.4%) and 131 (11.0%); and excessive acetabular coverage, 127 (14.6%) and 58 (4.9%) (all P < .001, according to sex distribution). The crossover sign was seen in 446 (51.4%) and 542 (45.5%) of the male and female participants, respectively (P = .004). There was a high degree of coexistence (odds ratio [OR] > 2) among most FAI findings. Interobserver agreement was good to very good (κ = 0.74-0.84) in rating cam- and pincer-type findings. Intraobserver agreement was moderate or good (κ = 0.49-0.80) for all findings for both observers. Overall, radiographic FAI findings are quite common in a population of healthy young adults, especially in males, with a high degree of coexistence among most findings (OR > 2).

Prevalence of radiographic findings in candidate sires (2001-2008)

Prevalence of radiographic findings in candidate sires (2001-2008)