Prevalence Of Overweight In Adolescents Research Articles

Relationship between Nutritional Knowledge, Physical Activity, Carbohydrates Intake and Fat Intake on Nutritional Status of Overweight Adolescents In Banjarmasin

In Indonesia, the prevalence of overweight in adolescents has increased during the past ten years. Being overweight at a young age can lower the quality of life and cause early death at any age, affecting both men and women equally. This study analyzed the relationship between nutritional knowledge, physical activity, carbohydrate intake and fat intake in overweight adolescents in Banjarmasin. It used an observational study with the crosssectional approach. Purposive sampling was used to determine its samples, consisting of 64 respondents. The data on nutritional knowledge, physical activity, carbohydrate intake and fat intake were collected through structured questionnaires. Data of intake was collected by 3x24 hours food recall method on weekend and class days. They were analyzed by using the Pearson Product Moment statistical test. The results indicated that there is no relationship between nutritional knowledge (p=0,529) physical activity (p=0,218), carbohydrates intake (p=0,776) with nutritional status and there is relationship between fat intake with nutritional status (p=0.045) in overweight adolescents in Banjarmasin.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 07 No. 02 April’23 Page: 144-147

A Study on Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight among Adolescent Girls

The unabated rise in the prevalence of overweight in adolescents is one of the most alarming public health issues facing the world. The prevalence of obesity and overweight was determined among 732 affluent adolescent girls of Bengaluru. The results indicated that 21.17% of the girls were overweight and 13.38% were obese. Information regarding knowledge, attitude and dietary & lifestyle practices of 98 obese and 155 overweight adolescent girls was collected using a structured questionnaire. It was seen that although 49% of the adolescent girls had fair knowledge, and all the subjects had positive attitudes towards nutrition and healthy lifestyle, a negative correlation was seen between Knowledge and Practice; and Attitude and Practice. Faulty dietary practices such as irregular meal pattern, frequent consumption of energy dense, high calorie food and drinks and physical inactivity were seen to be the main causes of obesity and overweight in the girls. It was also seen that the intake of protein and fat was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the RDA for obese and overweight adolescents.

Sports Participation and Well-being of Adolescents: Are They Related?

Background: Participation in sports helps an individual to achieve recommended levels of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). MVPA plays a vital role in bringing about positive psychological and physiological changes contributing to both physical and emotional well-being. Aims: There is a scarcity of data to understand the role of regular participation in sports in promoting the overall physical activity in Indian adolescents. Our objective was to evaluate the sports participation as a means of enhancing physical and psychological health of children and youth by helping them to achieve daily physical activity requirements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 509 [n=259, athletic adolescents (AA) and n=250, non-athletic adolescents (NAA)]. Ryff's Psychological well-being questionnaire was used to assess their mental well-being state. Physical well-being VO₂max and anthropometric parameters were assessed. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: In the findings of the study, majority of NAA were found to be practicing low physical activity levels while in contrast, majority of AA were able to achieve moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity. AA were found with significantly better scores for personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, self-acceptance and total psychological well-being. Prevalence of overweight adolescents was higher in NAA than AA, while VO₂max of AA was higher than NAA. Conclusion: MVPA is favourably associated with overall well-being of adolescents. Sports participation has a positive impact on both physical and mental health and should be encouraged since childhood years.

Predicting Factors among Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs, Behaviors and Mental Health Indicators in Taiwanese Adolescents

Aims: The prevalence of overweight adolescents in Taiwan has dramatically increased in recent years. A survey shows that 66.6% of adolescents do not get the recommended amount of vegetables and fruit (i.e., two portions of fruit and three portions of vegetables per day each week). The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between individual understanding of activity and nutrition, healthy lifestyle beliefs, perceived difficulty of efficacy in reaching health goals, mental health variables, and healthy lifestyle behavior on BMI in Taiwanese adolescents.
 Study Design: This is a theoretically-based and cross-sectional research study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Data were conducted from two middle schools in Taiwan between Sep 2011 to November 2011.
 Methodology: We used a convenience sampling to recruit 453 adolescents with a mean age of 13.42 years. The instruments used were demographics, Beck Youth Inventory II (Depression, Anxiety, Self-concept), Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale, Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale, Perceived Difficulty Scale, Nutrition and Activity Knowledge Scales. We conducted path analysis to test our theoretical model by using Mplus 5.21.
 Results: Fit indices included χ2 (23, 453) =33.75, P= .05, CFI=.98, and RMSEA=.03, indicating that the model fit the model well. Healthy lifestyle beliefs had a significant positive effect on healthy lifestyle behaviors (β= .41, P= .01). Moreover, there was a significant negative relationship between perceived difficulty and healthy lifestyle behaviors (β= -.54, P= .01).
 Conclusion: Our findings suggest that promoting positive beliefs about healthy lifestyle among adolescents may facilitate healthy lifestyle changes and help them perceive less difficulty in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. School nurses and health professionals in Taiwan need to coordinate essential resources and implement theoretical-based educational program that address issues on increasing adolescents’ healthy lifestyle beliefs.

Changes in prevalence of overweight in adolescents living in areas highly vulnerable to food insecurity.

This study ascertained changes, over 5 years, in the prevalence of overweight in adolescents and associations with socio-demographic variables and food insecurity. Two cross-sectional population-based studies were conducted with 511 (2005) and 314 (2010) adolescents resident in Campos Elíseos (Duque de Caxias-RJ). Overweight was evaluated by sex and age specific cut-off points of BMI (weight/height²). The prevalence of food insecurity was investigated using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between changes in overweight over time and sex, age, skin colour, and food insecurity. Overweight was found to increase significantly, between 2005 and 2010, in boys who were younger (from 20.1% to 49.5%), black or brown (22.2% to 37.3%), those with per capita income of up to half a minimum wage (13.6% to 32.5%) and those experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity (9.2% to 36.3%). It was concluded that overweight increased significantly in adolescents living in an area of food insecurity, and that younger, black or brown, lower-income adolescents, and those living with moderate and severe food insecurity, were more exposed to that increase.

Association of dietary intake, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours with overweight and obesity among 282,213 adolescents in 89 low and middle income to high-income countries.

Adolescent overweight and obesity are well documented in high-income countries (HICs). They are also emerging as a global public health concern in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet there is a lack of reliable, national-level data to inform policies and interventions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and assess associated lifestyle risk factors amongst school-going adolescents in LMICs as well as HICs. A total of 282,213 samples were drawn from 89 LMICs and HICs in the 'latest Global School-based Student Health Survey' of school children, aged 11-17 years, during 2003 to 2015, in the six World Health Organisation (WHO) regions. The prevalence of adolescent overweight and obesity were estimated using the WHO BMI-for-age growth standards. A multinomial logistic regression model was employed to estimate the adjusted (age and sex) association of food patterns, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours with adolescent overweight and obesity. The pooled prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst adolescents was 10.12%, and 4.96%, respectively, ranging from 2.40% in Sri Lanka to 29.08% in Niue for overweight and 0.40% in Sri Lanka to 34.66% in the Cook Islands for obesity. Overweight and obesity were associated with unhealthy dietary intake and lifestyles including respectively fast-food intake (adjusted relative risk ratio, RRR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05-1.12 and RRR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.26-1.38), a high level of carbonated soft drinks consumption (RRR = 1.19; 1.12-1.24 and RRR = 1.28; 1.18-1.38), a low level of physical activity (RRR = 1.11; 1.06-1.17 and 1.20; 1.12-1.28), and high level of sedentary behaviours (RRR = 1.33; 1.27-1.39 and RRR = 1.73; 1.63-1.84). Adolescents who consumed vegetables at least two times per day had a lower risk of overweight (22%) and obesity (17%) than those who did not consume vegetables per day. Adolescent overweight and obesity represent a global public health problem and can possibly track into adult weight status and morbidity. School-based obesity prevention that promotes environmental and policy changes related to healthy dietary practices and active living are urgently needed to curb the trend.

Structured, multifactorial randomised controlled intervention to investigate physical activity levels, body composition and diet in obese and overweight adolescents

IntroductionThere has been a steep increase in the prevalence of adolescent overweight and obesity globally and in India, demonstrating that present prevention strategies are insufficient. Available evidence suggests that multifactorial...

Overweight Handbook Increases Physical Activity of Students at Frater Junior High School, Kendari

Abstract. The prevalence of overweight in adolescence at junior high (SMP) school Frater was 14.1% (exceeded the standard of the nutritional problem for 10%), and thus requires innovation in form of a handbook to overcome the obesity problem. This study aimed to know the effect of the overweight handbook on the physical activity in adolescents at SMP Frater Kendari. This was a quantitative study (pre-experimental study) with a pre-test post-test study design that was done from 7 May-14 July 2018. The population of the study was all students with overweight status at SMP as many as 38 people and the samples were 32 students that were selected through a simple random sampling. The physical activity level was assessed using IPAQ for 4 times and analyzed using the Wilcoxon sign rank test. The results of the study showed that the average METs score of the activity level in pre-measurement was 280 METs per week and the post-measurement 669 METs per week. Meanwhile, the result of the paired t-test on physical activity showed p value (0.000)<α (0.05). This present study concludes that there is an effect of the overweight handbook to the increase on physical activity level of the adolescents. It is suggested to the overweight student at SMP Frater to read the handbook regularly and increase their activity level by exercising at least 30 minutes for 2 -3 times per week and to the school party, to educate the student routinely about overweight using the handbook.

Prevalence of overweight in adolescents from a Southern Brazilian city according to different anthropometric indexes.

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the prevalence of overweight in adolescents according to different classification criteria for obesity and somatic maturation stages.Methods: Cross-sectional study in 10 schools in a city from Southern Brazil, with 1715 adolescents. Height, weight, waist circumference, and neck circumference (NC) data were collected. Body Mass Index was classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was classified according to Brazilian and European cut-off points. Somatic maturation was obtained through the Peak Height Velocity. The prevalence data were compared between sex and stages of somatic maturation; the concordance between different criteria was verified.Results: The prevalence of overweight was high in both sexes; WHO criteria showed that 34.5% of boys and 29.3% of girls were overweight. For the WHtR, the prevalence was 28.4% in boys and 23.7% in girls. NC classified 13.8% of boys and 15.8% of girls as being overweight. The prevalence of overweight was higher in adolescents before complete somatic maturation.Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight was high among adolescents. The boys presented higher frequency of overweight, except if NC was used to classify them. Adolescents before somatic maturation had a higher prevalence of overweight. NC showed a lower ability to track obese adolescents.

Baltic Adolescents' Health Behaviour: An International Comparison.

The aim of the study is to assess the time trends in Baltic adolescents’ physical activity, dietary habits and BMI and compare the results with the average of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. The research used HBSC data from 2006 to 2018. The total number of respondents was 17,458 in Estonia, 18,416 in Latvia and 20,466 in Lithuania. A logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate time trends in health behaviour indicators. The results demonstrated that Baltic adolescents’ physical activity has declined over the study years, except for Lithuanian girls. The prevalence of overweight adolescents has significantly increased since 2006. Dietary habits improved in all three Baltic countries, as consumption of vegetables increased, and soft drink consumption decreased during this time period. This research shows that a nationwide, highly representative study with health behaviour indicators enables us to assess regional differences compared to the HBSC average. The prevalence of overweight and obese adolescents in the Baltic countries has increased and moved closer to the HBSC average. Although Baltic adolescents’ daily vegetable consumption has increased over the last decade, it is still lower than the HBSC average.

Excessive body weight and its relationship to body image in teenagers aged 16–18 years old in South Jakarta

Objective. Overweight is one of the health problems that often occur in children and adolescents throughout the world, both in developed and developing countries. Study results in USA showed yearly increase of overweight prevalence in children aged 2–19 years old. In addition, based on the results by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010 in United States, the highest percentage of overweight and obesity by age group was found at 12–19 years old (33.6%). Basic Health Research/Riskesdas’s data in 2013 showed the prevalence of overweight in adolescents aged 16–18 years old in Indonesia reached the highest value of 11.5%. Moreover, most teenagers see their body images as a match between self’s and others’ ideal perception. Teenagers with positive body image tend to be more confident and also easier to get along with other people, especially their peers. In this study, researcher aimed to investigate the relationship between teenagers who have excess body weight with body image, whether it had positive or negative impact.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data collection was done from December 2017 to January 2018. Data collected were anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and the King College London Body Image Questionnaire's filled by participants. From 400 subjects who filled the questionnaires, a total of 350 participants matched the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Chi square test was done as data analysis.Results: Chi-square analysis for excess body weight status in relation to body image scores showed no relationship (p=1,000).Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between excessive body weight and body image.

Identifying actionable lifestyle risk factors for obesity research and intervention: Challenges and opportunities for Pacific Island health researchers

In The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, Frayon and colleagues assess sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors for overweight and obesity among adolescents in New Caledonia [1]. The prevalence of adolescent overweight and obesity is high and growing across Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) [2]. Wide variation in risk among countries and among ethnic groups, such as elevated risk among Melanesian and Polynesian adolescents in New Caledonia, points to the importance of studies assessing diverse samples that could highlight shared risk factors to inform population-wide interventions, and patterns specific to each group that might guide more tailored interventions and clinical practice.

Portion size and energy contribution of food in adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil: Changes between 2003 and 2015

AbstractIntroduction: Overweight has become a very important issue in the epidemiological scenario of nutrition due to its increasing rates and association with several chronic noncommunicable diseases. The etiology of overweight is complex, but diet is one of the modifiable factors that may interfere in the nutritional status of individuals and consequently on overweight and obesity. One aspect of the diet that has been related to overweight is the increase of energy intake, and related to that, the increase on food portion size.Objective: To evaluate differences in food portions size and its energy contribution in adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil between 2003, 2008 and 2015.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of 1711 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years who participated in the Health Survey of São Paulo (HS-SP). The HS-SP was conducted in 2003, 2008 and 2015. Overweight was defined according to the cutoff points of the World Health Organization (WHO) for adolescents (BMI ≥ p85). Dietary data were obtained from two 24-hour recalls.Reported foods were classified into groups and the prevalence of consumers, the percentage of energy contribution, and the mean and median of portion sizes in each food group were calculated.Results: Over the years, the prevalence of overweight in adolescents increased from 13.8% to 29.4%. The prevalence of consumers of salty snacks, fruits, industrialized juices, red meats, rice, sweets/desserts and toast/cookies has increased; while the number of consumers of coffee/tea, fruit juice, milk, artisan/non-packaged snacks and sugar decreased. The food groups with the highest energy contribution were: rice (14%), red meat (12%) and bread (9%) in all the years evaluated. The groups with the greatest increase in the energy contribution from 2003 to 2015 were: toast / cookies, sweets / desserts, white and red meats, and industrialized juices. The consumption portion size of eggs has increased, while those of cold cuts, fruits, industrialized juices, rice and tubers/roots decreased.Discussion: There was a diverse variation in the frequency of intake, the energy contribution and the food portion size over time with increase in some groups and decrease in others. These findings provide useful data to support future interventions and public policies focused on adolescent feeding.

Trends in physical activity and overweight among adolescents and their parents in Russian population

Abstract Background Unhealthy lifestyle, including physical inactivity and overweight, typically begins in adolescence. Familial aggregation of the factors aggravates the predictive risk. During the 1990s Russian population has been exposed to major political, economic and social changes. Methods Seven cross-sectional surveys of representative samples of school children aged 14-18 in 1989-2019 were carried out in Novosibirsk. Total sample was 4677 (45% males). To define overweight in adolescents the sex- and age-specific BMI cut-offs of the IOTF were used. Information about parents physical activity (<150 min/week), height and weight was obtained by mail questionnaire. Parents overweight registered if BMI≥25. Results Levels of low physical activity in adolescents were stably high during all the period in boys (49-55%) and girls (83-73%) with a rising trend in recent years. In 2009 average amounts of weekly screen time were 18 hours in boys and 15 hours in girls, In 2019 - 35 and 33 hours respectively. Their parents had low levels of physical activity: 2,5 hrs/w in men and 1,5 hrs/w in women without any trends. The prevalence of overweight among adolescents during the 30-year period showed U-curve characteristic with significant decreasing (4,0%) at the end of 90s and rising since 2003 particularly in boys (17.6% in 2019, P < 0,01). Overweight prevalence among parents was high: from 25% in 1989 to 38% in 2019 (P < 0,05) and from 32% in 1989 to 28% in 2019 among fathers and mothers respectively. Familial associations between parents and children were found for overweight but not for levels of physical activity. Conclusions Levels of physical activity in Siberian adolescents and their parents were low during 30-year period. Trends in the prevalence of overweight in this groups were differed. Familial aggregation of overweight indicates necessity of preventive actions at a family level. Supported by grant No. 19-013-00800 of RFBR. Key messages Levels of physical activity in Siberian adolescents and their parents were low during 30-year period. Trends in the prevalence of overweight in adolescents and their parents were differed: the shaped curve in children and linear - in parents. However familial associations of overweight were found.

Twelve Years Follow Up - Prevalence Trends Of Physical Inactivity And Overweight In Brazilian Adolescents

PURPOSE: Determine the physical inactivity and overweight prevalence in adolescents living at São Paulo State (Brazil) from 2005 to 2017. METHODS: We evaluated 3,845 adolescents as part of a cohort study that started in 2005 in São Paulo city. In this study we analyzed 2.012 both sex adolescents that were followed in 2005, 2009, 2013, 2015 and 2017. In 2005, adolescents were from 15 to 18 years of age. We assessed the habitual physical activity practice by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short-8 version) considering active (AT) the adolescents that accumulated at least 300 minutes per week of moderate-vigorous PA and inactive (INA) if less than 300 min/week were reported. Body weight (kg) and height (m) were self-reported by questionnaire. BMI was calculated and the respective criteria for overweight classification were considered for Brazilian adolescents (CONDE and MONTEIRO, 2006). The anthropometry tendency changed overtime, and a linear regression model was designed to express the annual physical inactivity prevalence average and the excess of body weight. The significance was p<.05. RESULTS: In general, the prevalence of physical inactivity in 2005 was 50.4%, with significant increase to 53.2% (2009); 56.7% (2013); 59.2% (2015) and 60.2% (2017), with 0.91% annual increase. Higher variation was observed in girls than boys (1.32% x 0.89% per year). The overweight prevalence followed similar trend: 2005 (16.7%); 21.2% (2009); 25.8%); 28.2% (2013), 28.7% (2015) and 29.3% (2017) with 1.29% increase per year (p<.05). Girls presented significantly and higher percentage change than boys (1.56 vs. 1.15% per year). CONCLUSIONS: Data showed progressive trend of high physical inactivity and body fat increase, leading to an incidence of obesity in the next 10 years around 71.0% of all adolescents living in Sao Paulo State 37.2% of physically inactive behavior. These data suggests an early development of cardiovascular disease, with higher impact in girls than boys. Also data strongly suggest to effectiveness of public health policies towards the physical inactivity prevention and the excess of body mass among adolescents are related to unhealthy behaviors of eating, drinking and PA.

Pizza and Hamburger Consumption to Overweight among Adolescents in Jambi City

Junk food is unhealthy and poor in nutrient quality, and may result in weight gain, obesity and coronary heart disease, if consumed regularly. The prevalence of adolescents in the overweight category is 5-10% higher in urban areas. Adolescents undergo lifestyle changes, including in food consumption behavior. This study aimed to determine the relationship between junk food consumption patterns and weight gain in adolescents. This study was conducted based on a cross-sectional design. A total of 137 high school students in Jambi City were involved in this study. Patterns of junk food consumption were assessed using food frequency questionnaires that examined the eating habits of study subjects. The variables were sex, maternal education, parents’ occupation, and family’s socio-economic level. Analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Nutritional status was measured using body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) with WHO Antro software. The results of this study indicated a 23.4% prevalence of overweight adolescents. After controlling for maternal education, father’s occupation, instant noodle eating habits, and tea, coffee and cookies consumption, our final model showed that consumption of pizza and hamburgers among adolescents was the dominant determinant for weight gain (OR=3.55). Consumption of pizza and hamburger was related to weight gain among adolescents in Jambi City.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescent: an Indonesian perspective.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents has increased globally over the past 2 decades. Metabolic syndrome, including obesity and overweight at a young age, increases the occurrence of T2DM. Studies in Indonesia have found that obese children and adolescents are more likely to have insulin resistance, a risk factor for T2DM. There are no data on the current incidence of T2DM in youth in Indonesia, but there has been a significant rise in the prevalence of overweight in adolescents. The diagnosis of T2DM in youth is similar to that in adults, with special consideration of when to test asymptomatic children. Management of T2DM in Indonesia follows the recommendations of the Indonesian Pediatric Society, which include lifestyle modifications, such as improving dietary habits and exercise, as well as appropriate medications. Metformin is the drug of choice for young T2DM patients; if marked hyperglycemia is present, basal insulin is given with metformin. Monitoring of T2DM is generally done through selfmonitoring of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin.

Health promotion initiatives at school related to overweight, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia in adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Recife, Brazil

BackgroundThe emergence of diseases such as dyslipidemia, systemic arterial hypertension, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents has brought about a change in the epidemiologic profile of the pediatric population. As action to promote health in the school environment is a useful tool for changing the pattern of health/disease in the young population, the present study aimed to identify schools that promote healthy eating and physical activity and to study the relationship between these practices and the prevalence of overweight, hypertension, insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia in adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with 2400 adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years old and participating in the “Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents” (ERICA – Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescente). The association between dependent (overweight, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia) and independent variables (implementation of health promoting initiative in schools) was investigated using the chi-square test and prevalence ratio (PR) with a confidence index (CI) of 95%.ResultsThe unsatisfactory implementation of a “health promoting environment” (PR = 1.02; CI 95%: 1.0; 1.04) and “partnerships with the health sector” (PR = 1.03; CI 95%: 1.01; 1.05) were linked to a high prevalence of overweight in adolescents. Hypercholesterolemia was found to be higher in the schools with unsatisfactory implementation of “healthy eating and health on the scholar curriculum” (PR = 1.71; CI 95%: 1.22; 2.44) and those lacking a “healthy-eating promoting environment” (PR = 1.29; CI 95%: 1.10; 1.54). Schools with unsatisfactory implementation of a “health-eating promoting environment” (PR = 1.36; CI 95%: 1.04; 1.79) and those lacking “partnership with the health sector” (PR = 2.12; CI 95%: 1.38; 3.24) had more adolescents with insulin resistance. There was no association between hypertension and any other component studied.ConclusionSchools which have implemented adequate health promotion in their curriculums showed a lower prevalence of overweight, insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia in adolescents.

SOBREPESO Y OBESIDAD EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES ASEGURADOS EN UN HOSPITAL PÚBLICO. HUÁNUCO-PERÚ

Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad en adolescentes están experimentando, a nivel mundial, un incremento progresivo en su prevalencia, del cual nuestro país e incluso nuestra región no son ajenos. El objeto del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de 10 a 17 años asegurados en el distrito metropolitano de Huánuco. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo-analítico transversal prospectivo, para identificar el diagnóstico de sobrepeso (IMC ≥ 85 percentil y ˂95 percentil) y obesidad (IMC ≥ 95 percentil) en adolescentes; para el cual seleccionamos al azar 387 participantes (195 del sexo masculino y 192 del sexo femenino) entre las edades de 10 y 17 años; a quienes se aplicó una encuesta estructurada con datos socio-demográficos y antropométricos. Resultados: Los resultados muestran una prevalencia global de sobrepeso de 19,6% y de obesidad de 11,6% en nuestra población adolescente; siendo la prevalencia, según género la siguiente, 19% y 15,9% de sobrepeso y obesidad en varones; y de 20,3% y 7,3% en mujeres, respectivamente (p=0,001). Dentro del grupo etario, las mayores prevalencias de sobrepeso abarcaron las edades de 10 (21,7%), 11 (19,1%), 12 (37,3%) y 13 (29,8%) años de edad; mientras que para la obesidad abarcó las edades de 10 (15,2%), 11 (21,3%) y 12 (35,3%) años de edad (p = 0,0001). Con respecto al tipo de dieta, actividad física, ingreso familiar y tipo de centro educativo; en el sobrepeso y la obesidad no se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones: La población estudiada presentó una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, predominando éste último en los varones; con mayor tendencia en los más jóvenes.

Body composition and prediction equations using skinfold thickness for body fat percentage in Southern Brazilian adolescents.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to: a) determine the nutritional status of Brazilian adolescents, and; b) present a skinfold thickness model (ST) to estimate body fat developed with Brazilian samples, using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as reference method.MethodsThe main study group was composed of 374 adolescents, and further 42 adolescents for the validation group. Weight, height, waist circumference measurements, and body mass index (BMI) were collected, as well as nine ST–biceps (BI), triceps (TR), chest (CH), axillary (AX) subscapularis (SB), abdominal (AB), suprailiac (SI), medial thigh (TH), calf (CF), and fat percentage (%BF) obtained by DXA.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight in adolescents was 20.9%, and obesity 5.8%. Regression analysis through ordinary least square method (OLS) allowed obtainment of three equations with values of R2 = 0.935, 0.912 and 0.850, standard error estimated = 1.79, 1.78 and 1.87, and bias = 0.06, 0.20 and 0.05, respectively.Conclusionthe innovation of this study lies in presenting new regression equations for predicting body fat in Southern Brazilian adolescents based on a representative and heterogeneous sample from DXA.