Prevalence Of Obesity In Type Research Articles

Obesity among Adult Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Accessing Care in Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease afflicting people of all races, sex, economic and social status, and of all ages. Obesity is a major contributor to the type 2 diabetes epidemic. Obesity in persons with diabetes is associated with poorer control of blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol, placing patients at higher risk for both cardiovascular and microvascular disease.
 Aim: To determine the prevalence of obesity and the associated risk factors among diabetic patients in Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso.
 Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data collection lasted 4 months between March and June 2018. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and medical history of participants. We measured and recorded blood pressure, weight and height of each of the participants. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 20 statistical software package. The association between categorical variables were tested using Chi-square. Data presentation was done using tables, frequencies and percentages.
 Results: Two hundred and seventy-five participants were recruited for this study. Their age ranges from 28 years to 85 years with the mean age of 59.07±11.82 years. Obesity was found in 29.8% of the study participants. Obesity was found to be associated with age group, sex, marital status, educational level, duration of diagnosis of diabetes and hypertension. The association was statistically significant.
 Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in type 2 diabetes was high in this study and was associated with age group, sex, marital status, educational level, duration of diagnosis of diabetes and level of blood pressure. There is a need to intensify effort to control obesity and achieve optimal blood pressure control among diabetic patients and prevent complications from ensuing.

Is there a role for bariatric surgery in patients with severe obesity and type 1 diabetes?

The prevalence of obesity in type 1 diabetes has been increasing over the past decades. Multiple studies have demonstrated suboptimal outcomes with dietary control and medical management for obesity and type 2 diabetes. This study's objective was to evaluate insulin and diabetic medication requirements in patients with type 1 diabetes 2 years after bariatric surgery.This was a retrospective medical-record review study from 2002 to 2019 at Geisinger Health System. Of 4549 total bariatric surgeries, 38 bariatric surgery patients were confirmed to have type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes was confirmed by medical-record review and/or the presence of C-peptide <5 ng/mL.The patient cohort had a mean age of 41 years, with 87% being female. The mean body mass index was 43.0 kg/m2, with a mean HbA1C of 8.4% before surgery. During follow-up, the insulin requirements improved from 114 units preoperatively to 60 units at 1 year postoperatively (SD = 54.5, P = .0018) and 60 units at 2 years postoperatively (SD = 60.3, P = .0033). Though not significant, the number of patients on more than 1 diabetic medication decreased from 66% preoperatively to 53% 1 year postoperatively (P = .343) and 52% at 2 years (P = .149).This study demonstrated significant improvement in the insulin and total number of diabetic medication requirements after bariatric surgery, suggesting that bariatric surgery may be a viable treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes.

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Visiting PHC in the Dubai Health Authority

Background: Diabetes is a highly prevalent global and local major health problem according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and will double by 2045. A strong relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes has been found. Both are leading causes of cardiovascular disease and death; thus, understanding the prevalence of obesity in type 2 diabetes is crucial for planning obesity management and preventing complications. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight among people with type 2 diabetes attending primary healthcare centers (PHC) in the Dubai Health Authority (DHA). Methods: The study sample consisted of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who attended family medicine clinics in primary healthcare centers in DHA. All cases with type 2 diabetes attending family clinics for their periodic health checkup screening were included in the study. Patients <18 years old, pregnant, and/or those with cancer and/or chronic kidney disease were excluded. Results: Our study sample had 9,198 type 2 diabetes mellitus cases with 51.6% males, 69.7% United Arab Emirates nationals, 7.9% who exercised regularly, and 1.8% who followed a healthy diet. Obesity and overweight cases were 49.5% and 35.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Without an aggressive obesity management approach, control of diabetes is difficult. The prevalence of obesity and overweight among people with type 2 diabetes is high. Obesity and overweight cases were 49.5% and 35.5%, respectively, among diabetic patients attending PHC. Over 50% (55%) of UAE nationals were obese, while 31.8% were overweight, suggesting that active interventions to control weight gain would be appropriate.

TRATAMIENTO DE LA OBESIDAD EN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1

El aumento de la prevalencia de obesidad en diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) es alarmante y se asocia a insulinorresistencia semejante a lo observado en DM2, lo cual generó considerarla “diabetes doble”. Actualmente el 50% de los pacientes con DM1 tiene sobrepeso u obesidad. También la asociación con obesidad ha generado el desarrollo de dislipemia y complicaciones macrovasculares. Las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad reducen los bene cios del buen control metabólico, razón por la cual es importante el objetivo del normopeso. El estado proinflamatorio crónico y sostenido de la obesidad se asocia con enfermedad cardiovascular.

Prevalence of obesity among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in urban areas of Belagavi

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a major disease burden in India, and we are home to the second largest number of diabetes cases in the world with currently over 72 million cases of diabetes. The reported prevalence of obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 60%–90%. Obesity and overweight pose a major risk for chronic diseases and are considered to be a strong risk factor for the development of T2DM. AIMS: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of obesity among T2DM patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients residing in areas under Ashok Nagar and Rukmini Nagar Urban Health Centres, Belagavi. Three hundred and eighty T2DM patients were included in the study over a period of 1 year (January 1–December 31, 2017). Predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic profile, and patient's height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorized based on Asian population. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test for categorical variables. P RESULTS: The prevalence of generalized obesity (GO), abdominal obesity (AO), and combined obesity (CO) among T2DM patients were 58.68%, 81.84%, and 53.42%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender and hypertension were significantly associated with GO, AO, and CO. Physical inactivity and hyperglycemic state were significantly associated with AO and CO but not with GO. The duration of T2DM was significantly associated with AO but not with GO and CO. CONCLUSIONS: Our study concluded that obesity is a highly prevalent comorbidity in diabetic patients. AO appears to be a better indicator of diabetic risk than BMI. The combination of a low-calorie diet, increased physical activity, and behavioral therapy as the first-line intervention for weight loss should be stressed for the effective management of T2DM.

A Study on the Prevalence of Obesity in Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Female Adults Aged 20-50 Years Attending Abha and Khamis Mushayat Diabetic Centres in Saudi Arabia

A Study on the Prevalence of Obesity in Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Female Adults Aged 20-50 Years Attending Abha and Khamis Mushayat Diabetic Centres in Saudi Arabia

Behavioural implications of traditional treatment and closed-loop automated insulin delivery systems in Type 1 diabetes: applying a cognitive restraint theory framework.

As the prevalence of obesity in Type 1 diabetes rises, the effects of emerging therapy options should be considered in the context of both weight and glycaemic control outcomes. Artificial pancreas device systems will 'close the loop' between blood glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery and may transform day-to-day dietary management for people with Type 1 diabetes in multiple ways. In the present review, we draw directly from cognitive restraint theory to consider unintended impacts that closed-loop systems may have on ingestive behaviour and food intake. We provide a brief overview of dietary restraint theory and its relation to weight status in the general population, discuss the role of restraint in traditional Type 1 diabetes treatment, and lastly, use this restraint framework to discuss the possible behavioural implications and opportunities of closed-loop systems in the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. We hypothesize that adopting closed-loop systems will lift the diligence and restriction that characterizes Type 1 diabetes today, thus requiring a transition from a restrained eating behaviour to a non-restrained eating behaviour. Furthermore, we suggest this transition be leveraged as an opportunity to teach people lifelong eating behaviour to promote healthy weight status by incorporating education and cognitive reappraisal. Our aim was to use a transdisciplinary approach to highlight critical aspects of the emerging closed-loop technologies relating to eating behaviour and weight effects and to promote discussion of strategies to optimize long-term health in Type 1 diabetes via two key outcomes: glycaemic control and weight management.

Fat and protein counting in type 1 diabetes

The prevalence of obesity in type 1 diabetes is increasing and may be exacerbated by the use of an intensive insulin therapy regimen which improves glycaemia but is associated with weight increase. There are a plethora of diets and weight loss programmes to choose from, but balancing the insulin doses to achieve good glycaemic control is challenging. Mealtime insulin doses are traditionally calculated to match the amount of carbohydrate in the meal but evidence, particularly from continuous glucose monitoring, suggests that protein and fat can also have an effect on postprandial glycaemia. This article looks at the effect of fat and protein on the glycaemic response of a meal, alternative algorithms to calculate the bolus doses, their timing and delivery, and considers their effectiveness in supporting weight loss in overweight or obese individuals with type 1 diabetes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons.

Survival outcomes of obese patients in type II endometrial cancer: Defining the prognostic impact of increasing BMI

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of obesity as a risk factor for type II endometrial cancer (EC), as well as the prognostic significance of increasing body mass index (BMI) on survival. MethodsA single institution retrospective analysis of 154 type II EC cases from 1987 to 2010 was conducted. Patients were categorized into cohorts by BMI (normal (<25), overweight (25–29.9), obese class I (30–34.9), and obese class IIIII (≥35)). Descriptive, regression and ANOVA analyses were performed. Kaplan-Meier curves were compared with log rank tests. ResultsThe BMI distribution was 22.8% normal BMI; 24% overweight; 17.5% class I; and 35.7% class IIIII. The median follow up was 41months. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 45.4, 36.0, 35.3 and 42.0months and overall survival (OS) was 54.7, 44.7, 44.8 and 49.7months, among the respective groups. There was no association between BMI and PFS (p=0.71), OS (p=0.72), or time to recurrence (p=0.71). There were no differences among the increasing BMI groups compared to normal weight women for the risk of death. ConclusionsOur analysis did not reveal any differences in outcomes by BMI group. Our data reveals that obesity is highly prevalent in type II ECs, though obesity has not historically been described as a risk factor. While BMI as a single variable may not be prognostic for survival outcomes, the role of obesity as a risk factor for type II EC should be further investigated, given the increasing prevalence of obesity in type II ECs.

Prevalence of obesity in type 2 diabetes in secondary care: association with cardiovascular risk factors

Aims: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a secondary care diabetes clinic in the United Kingdom, and...